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Organizational Strategies

The document outlines organizational strategies and language techniques for effective writing and discourse. It discusses various methods such as the use of definitions, examples, and authoritative sources to structure ideas, as well as language techniques like tone, emotive language, and rhetorical questions to enhance meaning. These strategies aim to engage the reader and clarify the writer's purpose in communication.

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3 views3 pages

Organizational Strategies

The document outlines organizational strategies and language techniques for effective writing and discourse. It discusses various methods such as the use of definitions, examples, and authoritative sources to structure ideas, as well as language techniques like tone, emotive language, and rhetorical questions to enhance meaning. These strategies aim to engage the reader and clarify the writer's purpose in communication.

Uploaded by

It's a girl lisanya
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CAPE COMMUNICATION STUDIES TEACHER’S WORKSHOP

MODULE 1: GATHERING AND PROCESSING INFORMATION


MANDEVILLE
OCTOBER 31, 2018
Organizational Strategies
Organizational strategies refer to the ways in which a writer may arrange, sequence and
structure the ideas within discourse in order to achieve his or her purpose for writing. This does
not normally include generic features of discourse such as sentences, paragraphs or regular
punctuation except where the inclusion of such features specifically provide additional
dimensions of meaning in achieving the writer’s purpose. See the final five entries in the
following list.

●​ The use of definition: A writer may explain key terms to facilitate ease of
comprehension, to clarify meaning of unfamiliar words which are important
comprehending the message or to limit the scope of his topic or discussion.
●​ Use of inverted commas: this can be deployed to call attention to certain key terms for
purposes of emphasis, or to signal ironic use words or sarcasm.
●​ Use of anecdotal examples: This involves the use of a brief story, scenario or illustration
to support or demonstrate a point being made, to set the tone (humourous, serious,
pathetic) of the discourse or to cause the reader or listener to reflect on an idea related to
writer’s purpose for using the anecdote.
●​ Use of examples or illustrations: These refer to any evidence or reason (facts, statistics,
anecdotes) that is offered to support a point being made. Writers use examples for a
variety of reasons including to clarify ideas in the text, or to give the impression that the
evidence presents on a point is sufficient and even overwhelming. The use of relevant
examples helps the writer to achieve his purpose.
●​ Use of information from authoritative/expert sources: This gives the impression that
the information which the writer presents is well-researched, authentic, verifiable and
corroborated. It increases the logos appeal of the information by making the writer’s
point of view seem more credible since it is supported by scholarship and expert
knowledge.
●​ Use of cause and effect pattern: This is used to demonstrate the causal relationship
between variables and writer use this pattern to show the degree or extent to which one
thing affects the performance, result or outcome of another.
●​ Use of contrast: Writers use this pattern to emphasize the extent to which things are
different or dissimilar in the process of achieving their purpose.
●​ Use of hypophora or (ask and immediately answer strategy): This strategy uses a
question to focus the reader’s attention on factors the writer considers important to his
purpose, it create the impression of a dialogue with the reader having asked the question

Mandeville Communication Studies Teacher’s Workshop © October 31, 2018Page 1


the writer provides a contextualized answer. This heightens reader interest and
engagement.
●​ Use of statistical data: This strategy can be used to illustrate changes and trends in the
information presented but it is commonly used to enhance the logos appeal of the
information by giving the impression that it is well-researched, authentic, and verifiable.
●​ Problem solution pattern: This strategy involves a discussion of a number of possible
solutions to solving a given problem. Its use gives the impression that the solution
decided on is the best one after all relevant.
●​ Use of short paragraphs: The benefit of using short paragraphs to organize information
is that main ideas are easier to recognize since main ideas are more sharply focused.

Language techniques
Language techniques refer to a writer’s use of figures of speech and literary devices to heighten
meaning and make it more emphatic. All literary devices may be used in spoken or written
language. They are words, phrases or constructions that affect your thoughts and emotions as you
read or listen to discourse. The following classification of library devices, adapted from Robert
Bothe (1970), illustrates how writers use different aspects of language to create meaning.
Naturally, there are areas of overlap between some organizational strategies and some language
techniques in the way they heighten and enhance meaning. These will be noted in the following
list.
●​ Tone of voice – this refers to the stylistic quality of the writing or speech which gives the
reader/listener a clue as to the writer’s or speaker’s attitude towards the thing or person
he/she is speaking to or describing. It also hints to the listener/reader how he/she is
expected to respond to the discourse. So, tone in discourse can be formal, playful, critical,
sarcastic, sympathetic conversational or even clinical. Tone gives the speaking voice in
discourse a kind of personality which guides the reader/listener as to how he/she is
expected to respond.
●​ Use of emotive language: This refers to connotative use of language intended to stir up
emotions or attitudes (negative or positive) towards the person, place, idea or thing that is
written or spoken about. It is language which uses specific nouns, verbs, adjective and
adverbs to convey a particular impression about a subject which stirs up an emotional
response in the reader or listener. This response can range from sympathy, anger,
rejection, love, praise, the list is endless. A writer’s or speaker’s bias for or against any
topic is easy to detect through his use of emotive language.
o​ Inclusive language is one of the most common forms of emotive language.
Writers or speakers will often use nouns and pronouns to give their audience the
impression that they both share common cause or are united in some experience
or situation. Words like “We”, “Us”, “Our”, “My Fellow Jamaicans”,
“Colleagues”, and “Brethren” are often use to give audiences the impression of
solidarity and oneness.

Mandeville Communication Studies Teacher’s Workshop © October 31, 2018Page 2


●​ Rhetorical Question: This involves the asking of a question for which a direct answer is
not required or expected. Its purpose is to case the receiver to reflect and ponder the
implications of the answer. Since the use of this technique is technique is intended to
create a dramatic effect or make a point by causing the reader/listener to reflect, it is a
powerful tool in emotional appeal.

Mandeville Communication Studies Teacher’s Workshop © October 31, 2018Page 3

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