Lesson 3

The document contains various practice tasks related to reading comprehension, focusing on topics such as sugar consumption, archaeological findings, and the use of natural dyes. It includes exercises that require students to identify key concepts and vocabulary from the texts. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of understanding consumer preferences and historical context in various subjects.

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Lesson 3

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Level: Fighter A Skill: Reading

Lesson: 3

CHỮA BÀI CHI TIẾT

Homework
Practice Task 2 (p.46)
1C For years sugar refinement remained a secret science, passed from master to
apprentice …
2B The European ‘Age of Exploration’, the search for new land that would send
Europeans all around the world, was in reality, to no small degree, a hunt for
fields where sugar cane would prosper in the tropical temperatures and
rainfall.
3A In the mid-17th century sugar began to change from a luxury spice to a staple
(=normal, main) part of the diet: first for the middle class, then for the poor
4A In the 1960s the British nutrition expert John Yudkin conducted a series of
experiments on animals and people showing that high amounts of sugar in the
diet led to high levels of fat and insulin in the blood—risk factors for heart
disease and diabetes.
5D Americans are obese because they eat too much and exercise too little. But
they eat too much and exercise too little because they’re addicted to sugar,
which not only makes them fatter but also reduces their energy.
6C ... an injection of sugar into the bloodstream stimulates the pleasure centres of
the brain.

Practice Task 2 (p.54)

1 C/E Word began to leak out (= spread). The French customs police warned Long
that antiquities thieves (= people who steal
valuable antiques and old treasures) might be watching his operation.
2 E/C The project would need to be completed by 2013. That sounds like enough
time unless you know about ancient wood. … usually the Rhône is safe for
diving only from late June to October; otherwise the current is too strong.
Three or four months would not be enough to excavate Arles-Rhône 3
3 C/E When a modest town like ours got 400,000 visitors, the politicians understood
that the economic return was strong (= money could be made from

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archaeological exhibitions).
4 E/C Marlier and her team found the crew’s personal effects (=the items they
owned). A sickle they’d used to chop fuel for their cooking fire ... A plate and a
gray pitcher that belonged to the same man ... . ‘That’s what’s exceptional (=
unusual, not normal) about this boat,’ said Marlier.

Practice Task 1 (p.60)

1 texture what has been lost in terms of taste and texture
2 shelf life growers are not paid for flavour, they’re paid for yield and extended shelf
life
3 consumer put together an integrated system that starts with the consumer and
what they want
4 heritage what are sometimes called heritage tomatoes, which date back to the
period before mass commercialisation
5 smell Most important are ‘volatiles’, many of which also contribute strongly to
the
enticing smell of freshly-picked tomatoes
6 geranial whilst others such as geranial, which had been regarded as marginal
contributors, were actually key
7 hybrid ‘People love the taste of this hybrid and it is easier to grow,’ Klee says
8 genetically he does not see a role for GM technology in breeding better tomatoes
modifed/G
M

Practice Task 2 (p.62)

1 animals Dyes that were derived from
vegetables were usually cheaper and more
easily obtainable than ones derived from
animals.
2 leaves The roots of a plant called
madder were used to create a strong red
colour, and the leaves of the indigo shrub
produced a colour between blue and violet.
3 royalty … some colours were only worn by very wealthy people or royalty, for
example, purple which originated in the Mediterranean … and black …

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which indicated high status in 14th century Europe
4 cosmetics Carmine remains a major component of food colouring and cosmetics
even now.
5 fading … or that the material, when exposed to the sun, would not suffer from
fading over a period of time.
6 malaria In 1856, he was experimenting in his laboratory, with the aim of
synthesizing the drug quinine, used to help people suffering from malaria
7 cotton He … developed a technique to apply the dye to cotton materials that
could be made into dresses and accessories.
8 brand Now, when it comes to establishing a brand, it is often the use of colour
or a colour combination, that speaks to potential buyers …

Practice Task 1 (p.68)

1C species such as ants, which aggressively defend the feeding areas
2H opens the door to a completely new way of thinking about
3K this preference has been reinforced by cultural transmission between
generations
4J new arrivals at a colony follow experienced old hands
5E This raises the question of how many other species show segregated feeding
patterns.
6B The answer will be important for formulating conservation strategies.

Vocabulary 2 (p.92-93)
Exercise 2 (p.92)
1c 4b
2d 5f
3e 6a

Exercise 5 (p.92)
1 not 4 again
2 not 5 you can
3 too much 6 full of

Exercise 6 (p.93)
1 development 6 interesting

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2 never-ending 7 change totally
3 big 8 keep
4 remember 9 equal
5 careful

Exercise 7 (p.93)
1 ancient 5 weak
2 minimise 6 nearby
3 tiny 7 different
4 slow 8 include

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