Ultimate Group Tuitions

Date : 23-04-2024 STD 10 Maths Total Marks : 10

Time : 25 Minute Maths Ch-3

Section A

* Choose the right answer from the given options. [1 Marks Each] [2]
1. If the linear equations in two Variables are consistent, then the lines are
(A) Intersecting (B) Parallel (C) Allways coincident (D) Intersecting or
coincident

Ans. : Intersecting or coincident

2. The ones of two digit is y and tens is x , then that number (digit) is .......... .
(A) 10y + x (B) 10x + y (C) 10x − y (D) 10y − x

Ans. : 10x + y

* Answer the following questions in one sentence. [1 Marks Each] [3]

3. On comparing the ratios
a1
,
b1
and
c1
, find out whether the pair of linear equations are
a2 b2 c2

consistent, or inconsistent: 4

3
x + 2y = 8; 2x + 3y = 12.

Ans. : Given equations are:

4
x + 2y = 8; 2x + 3y = 12
3

Compare equation with a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and 2x + 3y = 12

4
x + 2y = 8
3

with a2x + b2y + c2 = 0, We get, a1 = 43 , a1 = 43 , b1 = 2, c1 = -8, a2 = 2, b2 = 3, c2 = -12

4

and
a1 3 2 b1 2 c1 8 2
= = , = = =
a2 2 3 b2 3 c2 12 3

Here
a1 b1 c1
= =
a2 b2 c2

Therefore, the lines have infinitely many solutions.

Hence, they are consistent.
4. Use elimination method to find all possible solutions of the following pair of linear
equations:
2x + 3y = 8 ...(1)
4x + 6y = 7 ...(2)

Ans. : Step 1: Multiply equation (i) by 2 and equation (ii) by 1 to make the
coefficients of x equal. Then we get the equations as :
4x + 6y = 16 ...(iii)
4x + 6y = 7 ...(iv)
Step 2: Subtracting equation (iv) from equation (iii),we get
(4x - 4x) + (6y - 6y) = 16 - 7
i.e., 0 = 9, which is a false statement. Therefore, the given pair of equations has no
solution.

[1]
5. Solve the pair of linear equations by substitution method: 3x – y = 3; 9x – 3y = 9

Ans. : 3x - y = 3
9x - 3y = 9
The given pair of linear equations is
3x - y = 3..............(1)
9x - 3y = 9.............(2)
From equation(1),
y = 3x - 3...................(3)
9x - 3(3x - 3) = 9
⇒ 9x - 9x + 9 = 9

⇒ 9 = 9

which is true. Therefore, equation (1) and (2) have infinitely many solutions.

Section B

* Given section consists of questions of 2 marks each. [2]

6. Five year hence, the age of Jacob will be three times that of his son. Five years ago, Jacob's
age was seven times that of his son. What are their present ages? Solve by substitution
method.

Ans. : Let x (in years) be the present age of Jacob's son and y (in years) be the
present age of Jacob. 5 years hence, it has relation: (y + 5) = 3(x + 5)
or, y + 5 = 3x + 15 3x + 15 - y - 5 = 0 or, 3 x - y + 10 = 0 .......(i) 5 years ago, it has
relation (y - 5) = 7(x - 5) y - 5 = 7x - 35 or, 7x - 35 - y + 5 = 0 or, 7 x - y - 3 0 = 0 ....(ii)
From eqn. (i), y = 3x + 10 ....(iii) On substituting the value of y in eqn. (ii), we get 7x-
(3x + 10) - 30 = 0 7x - 3x - 10 - 30 = 0 or, 4x - 40 = 0 or, 4x = 40 x=10 On substituting
x = 10 in eqn. (iii), y = 3 × 10 + 10 y = 30 + 10 ∴ y = 40 Hence, the present age of
Jacob = 40 years and son's age = 10 years
OR
* Solve the pair of linear equations by substitution method:
– –
√ 2x − √ 3y = 0
– –
√ 3x − √ 8y = 0

Ans. : The given equations are

– –
√2x − √3y = 0 ............(i)
– –
√3x − √8y = 0 .............(ii)
From equation (i), we obtain:
√3y
x = ...(iii)
√2

Substituting this value in equation (ii), we obtain:

– √3y –
√3 ( ) − √8y = 0
√2
3y –
− 2√2y = 0
√2

[2]
 3 –
y( − 2√2) = 0
√2

y=0
Substituting the value of y in equation (iii), we obtain:
x=0
∴ x = 0, y = 0

Hence the solution of given equation is (0,0).

Section C

* Given section consists of questions of 3 marks each. [3]

7. If we add 1 to the numerator and subtract 1 from the denominator, a fraction reduces to 1.
It becomes 1

2
if we only add 1 to the denominator. What is the fraction? Solve the pair of
the linear equation obtained by the elimination method.

Ans. : Let the fraction be

x

Then, according to the question,

x+1

y−1
= 1 ......(1)
x 1
= .........(2)
y+1 2

⇒ x + 1 = y - 1 ...........(3)
2x = y + 1................(4)
⇒ x - y = - 2................(5)

2x - y = 1......................(^)
Substituting equation (5) from equation (6), we get x =3
Substituting this value of x in equation (5), we get
3 - y = -2
⇒ y = 3 + 2

⇒ y=5
Hence, the required fraction is Verification: Substituting the value of x = 3 and y
3

= 5,
we find that both the equations(1) and ( 2) are satisfied as shown below:
x+1 3+1 4
= = = 1
y−1 5−1 4
x 3 3 1
= = =
y+1 5+1 6 2

Hence, the solution is correct.

OR
* The larger of two supplementary angles exceeds the smaller by 18 degrees. Find them by
substitution method.

Ans. : Let the larger and smaller of two supplementary angles be xo and yo
respectively.
Then, according to the question.
The pair of linear equations formed is

[3]
x
∘
= y
∘
+ 18
∘
x
0
+y
0
= 180
∘
∵ The two angles and supplementary
Substitute the value of xo from equation (1) in equation (2), we get
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
y + 18 +y = 180
0 ∘ ∘
⇒ 2y + 18 = 180
∘ ∘ ∘
⇒ 2y = 180 − 18
∘
⇒ 2y = 162
∘
∘ 162 ∘
⇒ y = = 81
2

Substituting this value of yo in equation (1), we get

0 ∘ ∘ ∘
x = 81 + 18 = 99

Hence, the larger and smaller of the two supplementary angles are 99o and 81o
respectively.
Verification, Substituting xo = 99o and yo = 81o, we find that both the equations (1)
and (2) are satisfied as shown below:
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
y + 18 = 81 + 18 = 99 = x
0 ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
x +y = 99 + 81 = 180

This verifies the solution.

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