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07 Summary on Quadratic Functions

The document provides an overview of quadratic functions, including quadratic inequalities, modulus functions, and the nature of roots. It outlines methods for sketching quadratic graphs, determining turning points, and analyzing the intersection of lines and curves. Additionally, it presents different forms of quadratic equations and their characteristics based on the coefficient 'a'.

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cedrictan288
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2 views

07 Summary on Quadratic Functions

The document provides an overview of quadratic functions, including quadratic inequalities, modulus functions, and the nature of roots. It outlines methods for sketching quadratic graphs, determining turning points, and analyzing the intersection of lines and curves. Additionally, it presents different forms of quadratic equations and their characteristics based on the coefficient 'a'.

Uploaded by

cedrictan288
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SUMMARY ON QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS

Quadratic Inequalities Modulus Functions and Nature of Roots

a( x − p)( x − q)  0, then p  x  q for a  0 , Modulus Function


a( x − p)( x − q)  0, then x  p or x  q for a  0  x if x  0
x =
Quadratic Graphs
 − x if x  0
Steps of sketching modulus function
Completing square 1. Put x = 0 to find the y – intercept.
1. change coeff of x2 into 1 by taking out coeff of x2
2. add and subtract (1/2 coeff of x)2 to the expression 2. Find the vertex of the graph:
3. complete the square as (x ± ½ coefficient of x)² (a) Put the modulus function = 0 to solve for x.
(b) Substitute the value of x into the original function to find y.
y = a ( x − h ) + k (Completed-square form)
2

a > 0, min.value = k when x = h. 3. Join the y-intercept and the vertex with a V- shaped or an inverted V- shaped graph.
a < 0, max.value = k when x = h.

Another way to find turning point is by factorization and take the Nature of roots and Line & Curve
mid point of the x-intercepts
−b  b 2 − 4ac
ax 2 + bx + c = 0, a  0  x =
2a
Sketching
a: coeff. of x2 to determine min./max. turning point
T urning point: found by completing the square b 2 − 4ac Nature of roots No of pts of intersection for line and curve
y – intercept: Set x = 0 >0 Has 2 real and distinct roots Line intersects curve at 2 distinct points
R oots: solve for x by setting y = 0. =0 Has 2 real and equal roots Line is a tangent to the curve
E ndpoints if domain of function is stated. <0 Has no real roots Line does not intersect the curve
0 Has real roots Line meets the curve

Determining the equation of function


Positive (or negative) quadratic functions
y = ax + bx + c y = a ( x − h) + k y = a ( x −  )( x −  )
2 2

General: used Completed Square: Factorised: used a>0 a<0


when 3 points used when turning when roots given.
given point given Always positive Always negative
b 2 − 4ac  0

b 2 − 4ac  0 Always non-negative Always non-positive

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