COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EE PC 327 – ELECTRICAL APPARATUS AND DEVICES

Second Semester – MIDTERM
Academic Year 2024 – 2025

1. 1.What is the primary purpose of a 5.What happens to the flux linkage in a A) Voltage regulation and fault current
transformer? transformer when the load on the limitation
secondary side increases?
A) Convert AC to DC B) Reducing efficiency
A) It remains constant
B) Change voltage levels in an AC circuit C) Increasing core losses
B) It decreases
C) Store electrical energy D) Improving insulation resistance
C) It increases slightly
D) Convert mechanical energy to 10.What is the purpose of conservator
electrical energy D) It becomes zero tanks in oil-filled transformers?

2.In an ideal transformer, the power A) Store excess oil and allow for
output of the secondary winding is: thermal expansion
6.The efficiency of a transformer is
A) Greater than the primary power input generally in the range of: B) Increase insulation resistance

B) Equal to the primary power input A) 20 - 40% C) Improve voltage regulation

C) Less than the primary power input B) 50 - 70% D) Reduce eddy current losses

D) Dependent on the type of core C) 80 - 90%

material
D) 95 - 99% 11.Which of the following is NOT a
3.A transformer operates based on reason for transformer overheating?
which principle?
7.Core losses in a transformer consist of:
A) Overloading
A) Ohm’s Law
A) Copper loss and stray losses
B) Poor cooling system
B) Electrostatic Induction
B) Eddy current loss and hysteresis loss
C) Saturation of the core
C) Electromagnetic Induction
C) Friction loss and windage loss
D) Higher input frequency
D) Kirchhoff’s Laws
D) Iron loss and dielectric loss
12.Autotransformers have the
4.If the turns ratio of a transformer is disadvantage of:
4:1, it means: 8.The presence of harmonics in
transformer operation is mainly due to:
A) Higher copper loss
A) The secondary voltage is 4 times the
primary voltage A) Linear loads
B) Poor voltage regulation

B) The primary voltage is 4 times the B) Nonlinear loads

secondary voltage C) No electrical isolation between
primary and secondary
C) Resistance in the windings
C) The power output is 4 times the
power input D) High weight and cost
D) Cooling oil circulation

D) The primary current is 4 times the 13.Which method is most effective for
9.Transformer impedance is important cooling large power transformers?
secondary current for:

A) Air cooling
FOOTER 1
 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
EE PC 327 – ELECTRICAL APPARATUS AND DEVICES
Second Semester – MIDTERM
Academic Year 2024 – 2025

B) Oil natural air natural (ONAN) cooling C) 97.5% D) 9.80 kW

C) Oil forced air forced (OFAF) cooling D) 98.1% 22.The primary winding of a
transformer has 2000 turns, and the
secondary has 100 turns. If the input
D) Dry-type cooling 18.A 200 kVA, 11kV/400V transformer voltage is 400V, what is the output
has a leakage reactance of 4%. What is voltage?
the per-unit reactance?
14.The open-circuit test of a transformer
is used to determine: A) 10V
A) 0.02 pu
A) Copper loss B) 20V
B) 0.04 pu
B) Core loss C) 40V
C) 0.08 pu
C) Efficiency D) 80V
D) 0.10 pu
D) Voltage regulation 23.A transformer has a core loss of
19.A transformer draws 2A at 230V 500W and copper loss of 750W. What
during an open-circuit test. If the power is the efficiency at half load and 0.8
15.A transformer supplying a highly input is 100W, what is the core loss
inductive load will experience: power factor?
resistance?

A) Leading power factor A) 92.5%

A) 1058Ω

B) Lagging power factor B) 93.8%

B) 1150Ω

C) Unity power factor C) 94.2%

C) 1325Ω

D) No power factor D) 95.0%

D) 1450Ω

24.A single-phase transformer has a

20.The percentage impedance of a full-load voltage regulation of 5% at
transformer is 5%. If the transformer is 0.8 power factor lagging. If the no-load
16.A transformer has a primary voltage rated 500 kVA, what is the short-circuit secondary voltage is 230V, what is the
of 2400V and a secondary voltage of current at rated voltage? full-load secondary voltage?
240V. What is the turns ratio?
A) 10 kA A) 218.5V
A) 10:1
B) 5 kA B) 220V
B) 1:10
C) 1 kA C) 225V
C) 5:1
D) 2 kA D) 230V
D) 1:5
21.A transformer with an efficiency of 25.A 3-phase transformer is rated at
17.A 50 kVA transformer has full-load 96% delivers 10 kW at full load. What is 100 kVA with a primary voltage of 13.8
copper losses of 800W and iron losses of the power input? kV and a secondary voltage of 480V.
600W. What is the efficiency at full load What is the primary line current?
and 0.8 power factor? A) 10.42 kW
A) 4.18A
A) 95.4% B) 10.20 kW
B) 5.25A
B) 96.2% C) 10.10 kW
FOOTER 2
 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
EE PC 327 – ELECTRICAL APPARATUS AND DEVICES
Second Semester – MIDTERM
Academic Year 2024 – 2025

C) 6.45A A) 240W 33.A 250 kVA transformer has a full-

load copper loss of 3000W. What is the
copper loss at half-load?
D) 7.10A B) 315W

A) 500W
26.A 500 kVA transformer has an iron C) 345W
loss of 1500W and copper loss of 2500W
at full load. Determine the efficiency at B) 750W
¾ load and 0.9 power factor. D) 425W

C) 1000W
A) 97.5%
D) 1250W
B) 96.8% 30.A 500 kVA transformer has 6%
impedance. Calculate the fault current
when a short circuit occurs at the 34.A three-phase transformer has a
C) 95.6% secondary terminals. delta-wye connection. If the primary
voltage is 13.8 kV line-to-line, what is
the secondary phase voltage if the
D) 94.2% A) 5000 A turns ratio is 20:1?

27.A 100 kVA transformer has a rated B) 8333 A A) 230V

primary voltage of 11 kV and a
secondary voltage of 400V. If the
primary resistance is 3Ω and the leakage C) 10,000 A B) 400V
reactance is 5Ω, calculate the voltage
drop due to these impedances at full D) 12,500 A
load, 0.8 lagging power factor. C) 480V

31.The equivalent resistance and D) 690V

A) 210V reactance of a 100 kVA, 11 kV/400V
transformer are 0.02Ω and 0.08Ω,
B) 375V respectively. Calculate the per-unit 35.A transformer is rated 250 kVA,
impedance. 6600/400V. The short-circuit test
results show that the full-load copper
C) 560V loss is 4 kW. Calculate the secondary
A) 0.05 pu full-load current.
D) 685V
B) 0.06 pu A) 312.5A
28.A 200 kVA, 50 Hz transformer has a
core loss of 1200W. If the frequency is C) 0.07 pu B) 416.7A
increased to 60 Hz while maintaining the
same flux density, what will be the new D) 0.08 pu
core loss (assuming it varies C) 520.8A
proportionally with frequency)?
32.A 100 kVA transformer supplies a D) 625.0A
load of 75 kW at 0.85 power factor
A) 1000W lagging. If the efficiency at this loading
condition is 96%, determine the total 36.A 10 MVA transformer has a
B) 1440W losses in the transformer. leakage reactance of 0.08 per unit. If
the rated primary voltage is 22 kV,
calculate the actual leakage reactance
C) 1680W A) 2400W in ohms.

D) 1920W B) 2800W A) 4.1Ω

29.A single-phase transformer has a no- C) 3125W B) 5.2Ω

load current of 5A at 230V and a power
factor of 0.3. Calculate the iron loss of D) 3500W
the transformer. C) 6.3Ω

FOOTER 3
 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
EE PC 327 – ELECTRICAL APPARATUS AND DEVICES
Second Semester – MIDTERM
Academic Year 2024 – 2025

D) 7.4Ω A) 192V secondary is 0.05Ω, calculate the full-

load copper loss.
37.A 5 MVA transformer has a voltage B) 196V
regulation of 4% at full load and 0.8 A) 250W
power factor lagging. If the no-load
secondary voltage is 11 kV, determine C) 198V
the full-load secondary voltage. B) 400W
D) 202V
A) 10,480V C) 500W
41.A 3-phase transformer bank consists
B) 10,560V of three 50 kVA single-phase D) 600W
transformers connected in delta-wye.
What is the total kVA rating of the bank?
C) 10,600V 45.The short-circuit test on a 100 kVA
transformer shows a voltage of 500V
A) 50 kVA required to circulate full-load current.
D) 10,800V The input power is 2500W. What is the
percentage resistance drop?
B) 86.6 kVA
38.The total iron loss of a transformer at
50 Hz is 800W. If the transformer is A) 1.5%
operated at 60 Hz with the same C) 100 kVA
voltage, determine the new iron loss
assuming hysteresis loss is proportional B) 2.0%
D) 150 kVA
to frequency and eddy current loss is
proportional to the square of frequency. C) 2.5%
42.A transformer has a full-load copper
loss of 2 kW and an iron loss of 1.5 kW.
A) 864W At what load (in percentage of full load) D) 3.0%
is the efficiency maximum?
B) 960W 46.A 150 kVA transformer has a
A) 50% percentage reactance of 6%. What is
C) 1024W the short-circuit current if the
secondary voltage is 400V?
B) 60%
D) 1080W
A) 2.5 kA
C) 70%

B) 3.75 kA
D) 80%
39.A 200 kVA transformer has a full-load
efficiency of 97%. If the copper losses at C) 5.0 kA
43.A 100 kVA transformer has a primary
full load are 1200W, determine the core resistance of 1.2Ω and a secondary
loss. resistance of 0.015Ω. If the turns ratio is D) 6.25 kA
20:1, calculate the equivalent resistance
A) 300W referred to the primary side.
47.A 250 kVA transformer has a total
loss of 5 kW at full load. Determine the
B) 400W A) 1.5Ω all-day efficiency if it operates at full
load for 6 hours and at half load for 18
hours, with a load power factor of 0.85.
C) 600W B) 1.8Ω

A) 91.5%
D) 800W C) 2.1Ω

B) 93.2%
40.A 400V/200V transformer has a full- D) 2.4Ω
load regulation of 4% at 0.8 power factor
lagging. If the no-load secondary voltage C) 95.0%
44.A single-phase transformer has a
is 200V, determine the full-load secondary full-load current of 100A. If
secondary voltage. the equivalent resistance referred to the D) 96.8%

FOOTER 4
 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
EE PC 327 – ELECTRICAL APPARATUS AND DEVICES
Second Semester – MIDTERM
Academic Year 2024 – 2025

48.A power transformer has an efficiency

of 98% at full load, 0.9 power factor. If
the copper losses are equal to the iron
losses, determine the total loss.

A) 1000W

B) 1500W

C) 2000W

D) 2500W

49.A 20 kVA transformer has a leakage

reactance of 3%. Calculate the short-
circuit current if the rated secondary
voltage is 240V.

A) 250A

B) 33A

C) 500A

D) 66

50.A 10 MVA transformer has a no-load

loss of 30 kW and full-load copper loss of
40 kW. Determine the efficiency at half-
load and 0.9 power factor.

A) 96.8%

B) 97.2%

C) 97.6%

D) 98.0%

FOOTER 5
HEADER

FOOTER 6