08 rlaIKh

wkd.;fh§ úh yls wjodkï uqo,ska ;lafiarelr wjodkula jQ úg uQ,Hhu wdjrkhla ie,iSu

ioyd ieliS we;s fiajdj rlaIKhhs' rlaIs;hka úiska f.jk ,nk jdßl uqo,ska rlaIK
wruqo,ieliS we;'lsih
s ï rlaIs;hl= yg ydkshla jqjfyd;a fuu wruqo,ska jkaÈ f.jkq ,fí'

rlaIK .súiqulg wod, md¾Yjhka

1& m,uq md¾Yjh - rlaIs;hd

tkï rlaIK fhdackdj bÈßm;a lrkakd fyj;a rlaIKdjrkh ,nd.kakd md¾Yjhhs'

2& fojk md¾Yjh - rlaIlhd

rlaIK fhdackdj ms<s.kakd m¾Yjhhs'

3& ;=kajk m¾Yjh -

rlaIlhd;a rlaIs;hd;a fkdjk" lsishï jkaÈ wdjrhla ,n.ekSïg iqÿiq m¾Yjhhs'

WoyrK - r:jdyk rlaIKhl wju f;jk mlaI rlaIK Tmamqjlska wdjrKh ie,fikakd'

rlaIKh l, hq;= yels wjodkï yd rlaIKh l, hq;= fkdyls wjodkï'

rlaIKh l, yels wjodkï

• wkak.;fha§ isÿúh yels w,dNh uQ,Huh jYfhka ueksh yelsùu'

• wjodku ksh; fkdúh hq;= ùu'

• iïnkao;djhlska f;dr ùu'- tkï isÿjQ mdvqj fjk;a rlaIs; w,dN yd iïnkao fkdúh hq;=
ùu'

• i;Hdmkh l,yels ùu'- tkï w,dNh isÿjQ Èkh "fõ,dj"ia:dkh yd w,dNfha m%udKh
úYaf,aIKh l,yels ùu'

rlaIKh l, fkdyels wjodkï

by; rlaIKh l, yels wjodkï j, ,laIK yer fjk;a ,laIK iys; ´kEu wjodkula
rlaIKh l, fkdyels wjodkula fõ'

❖ WodyrK - wdorh wysñùu

- h,a mkSu

223
 - jerÈ l<ukdlrK ;SrKh ksid isÿjk w,dN'

- laIh ùu'

- úNdy wiu;a ùu'

rlaIK .súiqula j,x.= ùu ioyd ;sìh hq;= uQ,sl wx.

1' kS;suh ne§ula we;slr.ekSfï woyi

2' kS;suh ne§ula we;slr .ekSug we;s yelshdj'

3' w¾mkh fyj;a fhdackdj

4' m%;s.%ykh fyj;a ms<s.ekSu'

5' uqo,auh w.hla ;sîu

6' kS;shg tl. nj

rlaIK .súiqu yd rlaIK Tmamqj

rlaIs;hd yd rlaIlhd w;r rlaIKh jk foam< fyda Ôú;j,g wkqj we;slr.kakd

tl.;djh rlaIK .súiquhs'fuu .súiqug wkqj rlaIlhd úiska rlaIs;hdg ,ndfok ,shú,a,
fyj;a iy;slh rlaIK Tmamqjhs'

fuu iEu Tmamqjlau uQ,Huh w.hlska hqla; fõ'

rlaIK .súiqul we;=,;a jk lreKq

▪ f.úh hq;= jßlh

▪ jdßl .Kk
▪ fldkafoais
▪ wu;r m%;s,dN
▪ rlaIs;hdg jkaÈ f.jk wjia:d
▪ Tmamqj l,amsÍfï§ l, hq;= hq;= foa

rlaIKfha jeo.;alu
rlaIKh jHdmdrj,g "mqoa.,hskg
a "iudchg yd wd¾Ólhg b;d jeo.;a idohla fõ'

• jHdmdßl wjodkï wdjrKh lrk ksid jHdmr wdrïNlsÍug wdfhdaclhka fm,fí'^

.skafkka"fidri;=rkaf.ka yd wfkl=;a fkdfhla úm;a j,ska isÿjk ydks ioyd wdjrKh ie,iSu'&

224
• wl,a urK "wdndê; nj"wikSm ;;aj j,§ mqoa.,hkag uQ,Huh wdrlaIdj ie,iSu'

• rlaIK iud.ï ;u wruqo,a kej; wdfhdackh lrk ksid rfÜ wd¾Ól ixj¾Okhg wjYH
m%d.aOk iïmdokhg iyh ùu'

• uqyqÿ Wjÿre rlaIKh ksi cd;Hka;r fj<odu ;yjqre ùu'

• mqoa.,hkaf. iudÔh wjYH;dj ^bf.kqï"újdy"úfoaY ixpdr hkd§& ioyd rlaIKh i,iSu'

rlaIK uQ,O¾u

• rlaIŒh ysñlu

• Wmßu úYajdih

• ydks mQ¾Kh

• wdikak;u fya;=j

• rlaIŒh ysñlu
hï úIh jia;=jla mj;Sfuka jdishl=;a "th wysñ ùfuka wjdishl=;a we;sjk ´kEu fohla
iïnkaOfhka we;s ysñlu rlaIH ysñluhs'tfiau lsih
s ï foam<l kS;Hdkql+, whs;slreg tu
foam< ms<sn|j mj;sk rlaIŒh whs;sho rlaIH ysñluhs'

- iajñmqreIhl=g iajlSh Ôú;h;a Nd¾hdjf.a Ôú;h;a ms<sn|j rlaIŒh whs;shla we;s

kuq;a iajlSh orejka yd kEoEhska ms,snoj rlaIŒh whs;shla ke;'

▪ Wmßu úYajdih
rlaIlhd yd rlaIs;hd w;r fy,sorõl< hq;= ish¨ ldrkd i;aNdjfhka hq;=j fy<sorõ lrjd.;
hq;=ùu Wmßu úYjifha uQ,O¾uhhs'

▪ ydks mQ¾K uQ,O¾uh

hï rlaIs; foam<lg ydkshla jQ úg tu foam< h:d;;ajhg m;alr.ekSu i|yd m%udKj;a
jkaÈuqo,la f.ùfï uQ,O¾uh ydks mQ¾Kh hs'Ôú; rlaIKhg ydks mQ¾Kh uQ,O¾uh wod,
fkdfõ'

ydks mQ¾K uQ,O¾ufha wkq uQ,O¾u 2 ls'

1'odhl;aj uQ,O¾uh

2'wdfoaYk uQ,O¾uh

225
1' odhl;aj uQ,O¾uh

hï foam<la rlaIK wdh;k lsysmhl rlaIKh lr ;sìh§ tu foam<g hï ydkshla isÿjQ úgl
ksl=;alr we;s ishÆu rlaIK Tmamqj, jákdlfï wkqmd;hg wkqj tlS ishÆu rlaIK iud.ï
odhl ù jkaÈ f.úh hq;=h hk uQ,O¾uh zzodhl;aj uQ,O¾uhzzhs'

WodyrK _ mqoa.,fhla ;u jHdmrh mj;ajdf.k hk f.dvke.s,a, my; whqßka rlaIKh

lr we;ehs is;uQ'

iS$i t,dhkaia } remsh,a 1000 000

iS$i fi,skaflda }remsh,a 800 000

Y%s ,xld rlaIK ixia:dj }remsh,a 600 000

fuu f.dvke.s,a, rlaIK Tmamqfõ ioyka fya;=ju ksid f.dvke.s,af,ka fldgilg ydkshla
isÿù we;ehs is;uq"tu ydksfha m%udKh remsh,a 500 000 kï rlaIK iud.u odhl úhhq;=
m%udKh fufia fõ'

wkqmd;h 10 ( 8( 6 $ 5(4(3 }12

t,dhkaia ^5$12&500 000

fi,skf
a lda^4$12&500 000

Y%S ,xld rlaIK iud.u ^3$12&500 000

2' wdfoaYk uQ,O¾uh

lsih
s ï foam<lg ydkshla isÿjQ úg rlaIlhd jkaÈ f.ùfuka miqj rlaIs; foam< iïnkaofhka
we;s whs;sh rlaIlhd ^rlaIK iud.u & úiska mjrd .ekSfï uQ,O¾uh wdfoaYk uQ,O¾uhhs'

WodyrK - mqoa.,fhla remsh,a 600 000 jákd f.dvd.s,a,a,la ioyd .sks rlaIK Tmamqjla ,nd
we;s úg .skf
a kka hka;%d.drh uq¿uksku
a úkY jQ fha hehs is;uq'fuys§ rlaIlhd f.dvke.s,af,a
uq¨ jákdlu jQ remsh,a 600 000 uu rlaIs;hdg f.jd oeófuka miqj f.dvk.s,af,a iqkn
a qka
fyj;a uqla; wjfYaIhka ys jákdlu rlaIs;hdg whs;s nj fuu uQ,O¾ufhka lshkak fõ' ydks
mQ¾K uQ,O¾uh ikd:lsÍu ioyd fï wjYHh fõ'

▪ wdikak;u fya;=j uQ,O¾uh

rlaIs; foam<lg fyda Ôú;hlg isÿjQ ydkshlg fya;= lSmhla n,mdwe;s úg jkaÈf.ùug kï
ydksh isÿùug n,mE wdikaku fya;=j rlaIK Tmamqfjka wdjrKh úh hq;= nj fuu uQ,O¾ufhka
lshfõ'

226
WodyrK - .sksrlaIKhla ,nf.k we;s f.dvk.s,a,la flda,dy,hla fya;=fjka úkdY ù .sfha
hehs is;uq" túg wdikak;u fya;=j uQ,O¾uh hgf;a f.dvk.s,a,g jkaÈ ysñ fkdfõ'

Ôú;h rlaIKh ioyd fuu uQ,O¾uh wod, fkdjkafka Ôú;hla ydkshg m;a ùfuka isÿjk
ydksh uqo,ska ueksh fkdyels ùu;a yd th h:d;;ajhg m;al, fkdylsùu;a hk lreKq
fya;=fjks'

rlaIK j¾.SlrKh

Ôú; rlaIKh^wdrlaIKh &

urKh "wdndÈ; ùï fyda uy¿ úhg m;aùfï m%;sM,hla f,i hï mqoa.,fhl=g isvqúh yels
ydkshla we,dNhla fjkqfjka wdrlaIdj ie,iSfï wruq‚ka fuh l%shd;aul fõ'

▪ Ôú;h rlaIK Tmamqjlska ,nd.;yels m%;s,dN

▪ urKhla isÿjqjfyd;a hefmkakkag jkaÈ ysñùu'
▪ Kh ,nd.ekSul§ wemhla f,i
▪ orejkaf.a wOHhkh lghq;= ioyd fukau újdy lghq;= ioyd wjYH uqo,a ,nd
.ekSug'
▪ b;=reï l%uhla f,i'

Ôú; rlaIK Tmamqjla wm%dKj;a ùu

rlaIK jdßl f.ùu ioyd ,nfok wkq.%dyl ld,h blalu ù hdu fya;=fjka rlaIK Tmamqjla
wm%dKj;a fõ' ^wkq.%dyl ld,h hkq jdßl uqo,a f.ùug ksgñ; Èkg tu uqo,a f.ùug
wfmdfydi;a jQ úg tu jdßl f.ùu ioyd ,nfok wu;r ld,hhs' & túg rlaIs;fhl=g .;.els
úl,am l%shdud¾. 3 la mj;S'

mjdrK w.hla ,nd.ekSu - tkï rlaIs;hdg ;ud fuf;la f.jdwe;s jdßl uqo,ska hï fldgila
wdmiq ,nd .ekSuhs'fuys§ rlaIK .súiqu wj,ka.= fõ'

f.jdksñ Tmamqjla njg m;alsÍu

fuf;la f.jd we;s uqo, rlaIK Tmamqfõ uqyqK; jákdlu njg m;alr

l,amsreKq miq Tmamqfõ jákdlu ,nd.ekSuhs'tys§o .súiqu wj,x.= fõ'

kej; m%dKj;a lsÍu

• idudkH m%dKj;a lsÍu - tkï ys. uqv, yd tu fmd,sh tljr f.jd m%dKj;a lsÍuhs'

• úfIaY m%dKj;s lsßu - tkï ys. uqo, bÈß jdßl ioyd tl;=lr f.ùuhs'

227
 Ôú; rlaIK Tmamq j¾.

• ld,Sk rlaIKh - urK wjodkula muKla wdjrKh fõ'ksYaÑ; ld, mßÉfÉohla ioyd ksl=;a
lrhs'

• hjÔj rlaIK Tmamqj

- rlaIK jdßlh rlaIs;hd Ôj;aj isák f;la f.ùu isÿlrhs'urKfhka miqj rlaIs; uqo,
hfmkakkag f.jkq ,nhs'

• m%ß;Hd. rlaIKh

• talnoaO Ôú; rlaIKh

• iuQy Ôú; rlaIK Tmamq

Ôú;h rlaIK Tmamqjla ,n.ekSfï l%u

1& iDcq l%uh - tkï rlaIs;hd rlaIlhdg fhdackd m;%hla bÈßm;a lsÍu'

2& ksfhdað; l%uh ^bkafvkaÜ l%uh& - tkï rlaIlhdf.a ksfhdð;hl= yryd fhdackd m;%hla
b;sßm;a lsÍfuka rlaIK Tmamqjla ,n.ekSuhs'

rlaIK jdßlh ;SrKh lsÍfï§ i,ld n,k lreKq

1' /lshdfõ fyda ðú;hg we;s wjodku

2' rlaIs;hdf.a jhi

3' mqoa., wdodhu

4'Tmamqfõ iajNdjh

5' ia;%S mqreI Ndjh

6' mjqf,a miqìu yd b;sydih

7' uQ,H ;;ajh

228
 rlaIKh yd wdrlaIKh w;r fjki

rlaIKh isÿúh ylshehs wfmalaId lrk wjodkula wdjrKh lsÍfï§ hï ydkshla isÿjqjfyd;a
mukla hk ixl,amh u; thg jkaÈ f.ùug muKla w;slr.kak .súiqu rlaIKhhs'

wdrlaIKh hkq ksYaÑ; isoaêla .súi.;a ld,hla ;=,§ isÿjqjfyd;a jkaÈ f.ùug;a tfia
fkdjqjfyd;a fuf;la f.jd we;s jßl uqo,a wdmiq f.ùug;a we;;slr.kakd tl.;djhhs'

idudkH rlaIKh

• .sks rlaIKh - hï ksjilg"f.dvke.s,a,lg^jHdmdßl &"fyda tajdfha wka;¾.; NdKav

j,g fyda hï foam<lg .skafkka fyda ta yd iudk fya;=jla ksid wwe;sjy ydks mQ¾Kh
lrk rlaIK Tmamqjhs' fï hgf;a fidr i;=re lror"iajNdúl úm;a "fudag¾ r:
"fiajdfhdacl j.lSï ''''rlaIKh l, fkdyel'

• wdkqix.sl w,N .sks rlaIK Tmamqj

.sks .ekSu ksid jk wu;r uQ,Huh w,dN ;;ajhka mQrKh lr.ekSu ioyd .sks rlaIK
Tmamqjla hgf;au ,n.;yels rlaIKhhs'fuu.ska jHdmdßl lghq;= wvmK ùu je,fla'

.sks rlaIK Tmamqjla hgf;a ,n.;yels rlaIK Tmamqj¾.'

1& idudkH j.ka;s iys; .sks rlaIK Tmamqj

fï h;f;a wkqmd;sl w.hla u; jkaÈf.ùï lrkq ,nhs'WodyrK } f.dvke.s,a,l fj<o

jákdlu- remsh,a 60"000

rlaIK Tmamqfõ jákdlu-remsh,a 50"000

isÿjQ ydkshla -remsh,a 30"000

jkaÈ uqo,- 50"000$60"000*30"000

remsh,a 25"000

2& idudkH j.ka;s rys; Tmamqj

fï hgf;a isÿ jQ uq¨ w,dNhu jkaÈ jYfhka f.jhs'tkï by; WodyrKhg wkqj
remsh,a 30"000 uu jkaÈ jYfhka ,efí'

229
r: jdyk rlaIKh

r: jdyk wk;=ß fya;=fjka fudag¾ r:hg".uka .kakd md¾Yjhkag yd ndysr md¾Yjhkag isÿúh
yels wk;=re iïnkaofhka jkaÈ ,nd.ekSu ioyd r:jdyk ysñhka yd rlaIK iud.ï iu.
we;slr.kakd tl.;jhhs'

1& úia;SrK fudag¾ r: rlaIKh - fuh iïmQ¾K jlSï rlaIKh f,io yÿkajhs'fuys§ r:hg"tys
.uka.kakd mqoa.,hkag"ndysr md¾Yjhkag fukau foam< j,g isÿjk ish¨u ydks wdjrKh lrhs'

2& wju f;jk md¾Yùh fudag¾ ¾: rlaIKh

fuys§ ndysr md¾Yjhkag yd foam< j,g isÿjk ydkshla ioyd muKla jkaÈ f.ùï isÿ lrhs'

3& f;jk md¾Yùh .sks yd fidrìh rlaIKh

fï hgf;a fidrlï ksid foam< j,g isÿjk ydkshla ioyd fukau ndysr md¾Yajhkag isÿjkydks
ioyd o jkaÈ f.ùï isÿ lrhs'

ks;r ks;r jkaÈ fkdb,a,Su fjkqfjka rlaIK iud.ï úiska fudagr%: ysñhkag m%ido §ukdjla
,nfok w;r th jkaÈ fkdb,Sfï m%ido §ukdj kuq;a fõ'

iuQøSh rlaIKh^ uqyqÿ Wjÿre rlaIKh &

uqyqÿ ud¾.h m%jdykfha§ kejg yd tys§ nvqj,g isÿ úhyels ydks wdjrkh lsÍu fuu.ska isÿ
lrhs'fuh fldgila 2 ls'

1-keõ lo rlaIKh - fuu.ska kejg isÿjk ydks wdjrKh lrhs'fï h;f;a ,n.; yels rlaIK
Tmamq lSmhla we;'

ish¨ wjodkï Tmamqj u.ska kejg isÿjk ish¿u wjodkï wdjrKh lrhs' ^.sks
.ekSï"l=Kdgq"msmqreï"whym;a ld,.=Kh u.ska jk ydks"hdka;%sl fodaI"jrdh ydks'''' wÈh &

• mQ¾K w,dN muKhs Tmamqj - fuu.ska kejla iïmQ¾Kfhkau úkY ùu u; jk w,dN

ioyd jkaÈ f.jhs'fuh fldgila 2 ls'
• ks;H mQ¾K w,dN rlaIK Tmamqj - mQ¾K ydkshla jqj;a kej; ilial, yelsh hk moku
u; ,nd.kak rlaIKhhs'
• w¾:odhS mQ¾K w,dN rlaIK Tmamqj - wdmiq ,nd.ekSu fyda ilialsÍu ksIaM, hehs i,ld
,n.; yels rlaIK Tmamqjhs'
• iSñ; w,dN muKhs rlaIK Tmamqj- fï hgf;a kejg isÿjk w¾O w,dN yd tajdg wod,
wjodkï wdjrKh lrhs'fuh fldgila 2 ls'

230
 ▪ idukH fmdÿ jkaÈ
kej yd kej Ndrh fírd.ekSfï woyiska kejg isÿjk ydks wdjrKh lrhs'

WodyrK - keõ NdKavf;d. uqyqÿn;a lsÍu ksid jk ydksh

▪ úfYaI fmdÿ jkaÈ - iajNdúl fya;=jla ksi kejg yd kej; Ndrhg isÿjk
w,dNhla wdjrKh lrhs'
• f;dgqfmd< Tmamqj
kejla jrdhla ;=< kj;d ;eîfï§ fyda kefjka NdKav nEfï§ yd megùfï§ isÿúh yels
ydkshla wdjrKh lrhs'

• w¿;ajeähd Tmamqj
w¿;ajeähd lghq;= isÿlsÍfï§ isÿúh yels ydks wdjrKh lrhs'

2-'keõ nvq rlaIK Tmamj

q

keõ u.ska NKav wdkhkafha§ yd wmkhkfha§ NdKav f;d.hg isvqjk ydkshla wdjrKh
lsÍug fuh WmldÍ fõ'

fï hgf;a Tmamq j¾. 3 we;'

• we.hQ Tmamqj - tlau j¾.fha NdKav hï ld,iSudjla ;=< fldgia jYfhka wdkhkh fyda
wmkhkh lrkafkl=g uq¨ f;d.fhau jákdlug tljr ,nd.;yels rlaIK wdjrKh hs'
• újD; Tmamqj - keõ.; lsÍug wfmalaIs; f;d. iïnkaofhka jk rlaIK wdjrKhhs'
• wkd.; wdjrK rlaIK Tmamqj - wkd.;fha§ isÿjk kej; .; lsÍulg wod, jákdlula
iïnkao wjodkula hï Wmßuhlg hg;aj wdjrKh lsÍula isÿ lrhs'
uqyqÿ Wjÿre rlaIKfha§ jkaÈ fkdf.jk wjia:d

• kdúl jxpkh - kdúlhka úiska jxpksl wruq‚ka ys;du;d lrk uqyqÿn;a lsÍï yd
wfkl=;a l%shdjka ksid isÿjk ydks ioyd jkaÈ fkdf.jhs'
• kdúl wm.ukh - kejla kshu u. fkdhEu fya;=fjka isÿjk ydkshla ioyd jkaÈ
fkdf.jhs'kuq;a th isÿlf,a hï idOdrK fya;=jla ksid kï túg jkaÈ ysñ
fõ'WodyrK¦bkaOk ,nd .ekSu'
-mqoa., wyUq rlaIK

yÈis wk;=re ksid mqoa.,hkag isÿjk YdÍßl ;=jd, yd urK ksid we;sjk uQ,Huh ydkshla
fuu.ska wdjrKh lrhs'

231
-ud¾.ia: NdKav rlaIKh

f.dvìfuka NdKav m%jdykh lsÍfï§ tu NdKav m%jdyk udOHg NdKav mgjk wjia:dfõ
isg tu NdKav f.dvnEu olajd úh yels ydks wdjrKh lsÍug fuu.ska isÿ lrhs'

-u¾.ia: uqo,a rlaIKh

tla ia:dkhl isg ;j;a ia:dkhlg uqo,a /f.k hdfï§ isÿúh yels ydks fuu.ska
wdjrKh lrhs'

-m%;srlaIKh
rlaIK iud.ula úiska Ndr.kakd rlaIK wjodkula tu rlaIK iud.u úiska ;j;a rlaIK
iud.ul fyda lsysmhl rlaIKh lsßu m%drlaIKh kï fõ'

-oaú;aj rlaIKh
tlu foam<la rlaIK iud.ï 2 l fyda lsysmhl rlaIK lrhs kï th oaú;aj rlaIKh kï fõ'

-m%drlaIKh
úYd, jákdlula iys; foam<la iïnkaOfhka we;s wjodkula rlaIK iud.ï lsysmhla
hgf;a rlaIKh lsÍuhs'WodyrKhla f,i kej yd keõ Ndrh rlaIK iud.ï 2 la úiska rlaIK
lsÍug Ndr.ekSu'

túg iïmQ¾K kejgu ydkshla jQ úg wjOdkï Ndr.;a iud.ï úiska ;uka Ndr.;a wjOdkfï
m%udKhg jkaÈ f.ùu isÿlrhs'

Y%S ,xldfõ rlaIK fjf<|m,

o Y%S ,xld rlaIK uKav,h

o rlaIK iud.ï
o rlaIK ;e/õlrejka
o rlaIK ksfhdað;hka
o m%drlaIlhka
o m%;srlaIlhka
óg wu;rj my; wdh;ko l%shd;aul fõ'

o Y%S ,xld rlaIK iud.u

o Y%S ,xld rlaIK ;e/õlrejkaf.a ika.uh
o Y%S ,xld rlaIK wdh;kh
o rlaIK Tïnqäiaukajrhd

232
 o Y%S ,xld rlaIK kshduk fldñika iNdj
o Y%S ,xld Kh wmkhk rlaIK ixia:dj
o Y%S ,xld f.dúck rlaIK uKav,h

Ôú;h rlaIKh yd wfkl=;a rlaIKhka w;r fjki

Ôú; rlaIKh^wdrlaIKh &

o wjodku ksYaÑ; fõ
o b;=reï lsÍulg iudk fõ
o úIh jia;=j iÔù fõ
o È.= ld,Sk fõ
o ydksmQ¾K uQ,O¾uh wod, fkdfõ
rlaIKh

o wjodkula ksYaÑ; fkdfõ

o ydkshla mQ¾K uQ,O¾uh wod, fõ
o úIh jia;=j wÔù fõ
o fláld,Sk fõ
o ydkshla isÿjQ úg muKla jkaÈysñ fõ

233
 DOWNLOAD
Notes
Short Notes
Unit Test Papers
Term Test Papers
From

www.ALNoteBook.com
Your Ultimate Resource for GCE A/L Notes
and Study Guides
“The A/L notebook website is a dedicated online platform designed to provide
comprehensive study materials and notes specifically tailored for students preparing for the
General Certificate of Education Advanced Level (GCE A/L) examinations for free. The website
offers a wide range of resources, including detailed subject notes, past exam papers, practice
questions, and study guides. These materials cover various subjects and are curated by
experienced educators to ensure they align with the curriculum and exam requirements.”