Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

UNIT 2: THINKING & LEARNING

TOPIC VOCABULARY:
Vocab Cate Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. assess, estimate
assess v to carefully evaluate or đánh giá After completing the

Chuyên Anh's little cor

analyze something in project, the manager took
order to understand its some time to assess the
nature, quality, or value team's performance and
provide constructive
feedback.

estimate n - a calculated - sự ước lượng The contractor provided

approximation or a an estimate for the cost of
rough assessment renovating the kitchen,
of a quantity, but the final price may
value, or outcome, vary depending on
based on available unforeseen expenses.
information but not
necessarily precise
v or exact - đánh giá, ước Government sources
- to make a rough lượng một giá trị estimate a long-term 50
calculation or hoặc con số mà percent increase in rail
assessment of a không cần tính fares.
quantity, value, or toán chính xác
situation based
on available
information

2. assume, presume, suppose, reckon

assume v to take something for giả định Sarah didn't have all the
granted or accept it as facts, so she had to
true without conclusive assume that the meeting
evidence would start at the usual
time.

presume v to assume or believe giả định, tin rằng một Since it was already late, I
something to be true điều gì đó là đúng mà presumed that the
without conclusive không cần bằng chứng restaurant would be
evidence, often based on rõ ràng closed, but to my
reasonable inference or surprise, it was still open.
prior knowledge

suppose v to assume or giả định một tình huống Let's suppose for a
hypothesize a situation hoặc điều gì đó là đúng moment that we have
or condition as true for cho đến khi có thông tin unlimited resources. What
the sake of argument or khác chứng minh điều would be the most
discussion, even if it may ngược lại ambitious project we
not be confirmed or could undertake?
established

1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

reckon v to think or believe đánh giá, tin rằng một He reckoned that it would
something, usually điều gì đó là đúng hoặc take him about an hour to
based on evidence or xảy ra dựa trȃn thông tin get there.
common sense, implying có sẵn hoặc quan điểm
that you are making a cá nhȗn
guess or a judgment,
and that you are
confident or certain
about it

Chuyên Anh's little cor

deduce v
3. deduce, ąather, speculate, ąrasp
to arrive at a conclusion
or inference through
logical reasoning and
suy diễn, rút ra một
kết luận từ thông tin có
sẵn và lập luận hợp
Based on the evidence
at the crime scene, the
detective was able to
analysis of available lý. deduce that the suspect
information or evidence had left through the back
door.

gather v to collect or accumulate tập hợp, thu thập lại từ The team gathered all the
information, data, or nhiều nguồn khác necessary materials and
objects from various nhau hoặc từ nhiều vị equipment before starting
sources or locations trí the construction project.

speculate v to form opinions or suy đoán, đưa ra dự Without any concrete

make guesses about đoán hoặc cȗn nhắc về information, the
something, especially in một điều gì đó mà journalists could only
the absence of complete không có thông tin chính speculate about the
or definitive information; xác reasons behind the
to consider possibilities sudden resignation of the
or theories CEO.

grasp v to understand or hiểu biết cách sȗu sắc The students struggled to
comprehend something grasp the concept of
thoroughly or advanced calculus until
completely. their teacher provided
additional examples and
explanations.

4. consider, contemplate, reflect, deliberate, ponder

consider v to think about cȗn nhắc, xem xét She considered her
something carefully and options carefully before
rationally, usually with making a decision.
the intention of making a
decision or forming an
opinion, implying that
you are weighing the
pros and cons of
different options or
perspectives, and that
you are open to different
possibilities.

2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

reflect v to think about tự suy ngẫm một chủ She reflected on how
something that đề một cách sȗu sắc, much she had changed
happened in the past, thường nhằm mục đích over the years.
usually with the purpose tìm kiếm sự nhận thức
of learning from it or hoặc hiểu biết sȗu rộng
understanding it better, hơn
implying that you are
looking back or
reviewing something,

Chuyên Anh's little cor

and that you are trying
to gain insight or
perspective from it

contemplate v to think about ngẫm nghĩ, suy nghĩ về He contemplated the

something deeply and vấn đề gì đó meaning of life and death.
seriously, often with a
sense of wonder or
admiration, meaning
that you are focusing
on one thing or idea,
and that you are trying
to understand it or
appreciate it

deliberate v to think about cȗn nhắc kỹ lưỡng, xem They deliberated for a
something carefully and xét một cách cẩn thận và long time before reaching
thoroughly, usually with thận trọng trước khi đưa a verdict.
other people, in order to ra quyết định hoặc thực
reach a conclusion or a hiện hành động
consensus, implying
that you are discussing
or debating different
aspects of a problem or
a situation, and that you
are trying to find the
best solution or outcome

ponder v to think about suy tư, suy xét một cách She pondered whether
something in a quiet sȗu sắc và cȗn nhắc, she should tell him the
and reflective way, often thường đi kèm với sự tập truth or not.
with some doubt or trung vào việc hiểu rõ rõ
uncertainty, implying hơn
that you are wondering
or questioning
something, and that you
are trying to find an
answer or a meaning

5. cynical, dubious, skeptical

cynical adj to believe that people hay nghi ngờ và tin vào Sarah had a cynical
are motivated purely by những ý kiến tiȃu cực outlook on politics,
self-interest and are not hoặc rằng mọi người đều believing that politicians
sincere or honest

3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

a cynical person might chỉ tư vấn vì lợi ích cá were only motivated by
be skeptical, but they nhȗn self-interest.
are also likely to be
jaded or pessimistic, and
to assume that people
or institutions are acting
in their own self-interest
or are motivated by
deceit or malice

Chuyên Anh's little cor

dubious adj to have doubts or
uncertainties about
something or
someone
có sự nghi ngờ hoặc
không chắc chắn về tính
chȗn thành hoặc đúng
đắn của một điều gì đó
After hearing the dubious
claims of the salesman,
Mark was hesitant to buy
the product without
further research.
a dubious person is not
convinced or persuaded
easily and may be
suspicious or wary

skeptical adj to be skeptical means to hoài nghi, trạng thái tinh The scientist was skeptical
question or challenge thần khi một người of the new theory, as it
accepted facts or không tin tưởng hoặc có lacked experimental
opinions nghi ngờ về điều gì đó evidence to support its
và thường cần có thông claims.
a skeptical person is tin hoặc chứng cứ để
not gullible or naive and thuyết phục họ
may require evidence
or proof

6. dilemma, paradox
dilemma n a situation in which a tình huống khi phải lựa Since it was already late, I
person is faced with a chọn giữa hai hoặc nhiều presumed that the
difficult choice between lựa chọn khó khǔn hoặc restaurant would be
two or more options, mȗu thuẫn closed, but to my
each of which has surprise, it was still open.
advantages and
disadvantages

paradox n a statement, situation, or nghịch lý, tình huống The concept of a "time
concept that appears mȗu thuẫn travel paradox" involves
contradictory or situations that seem
self-defeating, yet may logically contradictory,
hold a deeper truth or such as going back in
reveal an unexpected time to change the future.
insight upon closer
examination

7. faith, ideoloąy, notion

faith n strong belief or trust in đức tin Despite the challenges,
something, often Tom had faith that his
without tangible hard work and dedication
evidence or proof

4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

would eventually lead to

success.

ideology n a system of beliefs, tư tưởng, hệ thống các The political party was
values, or ideas, often ý kiến và giá trị về các founded on a specific
forming the basis of a vấn đề quan trọng ideology that emphasized
particular social, social equality and
political, or economic economic justice.
theory or movement.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

notion n a general
understanding, idea, or
concept, often without
detailed or concrete
elaboration
khái niệm, tư tưởng nói
chung
While the idea was
intriguing, it was still just a
vague notion and needed
further development.

8. ąuesswork, intuition, hunch

guesswork n making a judgment or sự đoán mò, thường dựa Without any concrete
reaching a conclusion trȃn cảm tính evidence, their conclusion
based on speculation, was based solely on
intuition, or hunches guesswork and not on
rather than on solid facts or data.
concrete evidence or
logical analysis

intuition n the ability to understand trực giác, khả nǔng hiểu When Sarah met the new
or know something biết một cách tự nhiȃn và colleague, she had an
instinctively, without the bất chấp lý do rõ ràng. inexplicable intuition
need for conscious that they would work
reasoning or explicit well together and
evidence. become fast friends.

a hunch often involves a

specific feeling or
suspicion about a
particular situation,
while intuition is a
broader and more
innate sense of
understanding that
doesn't always have a
clear origin or
explanation

hunch n a feeling or cảm giác, linh cảm về Despite not having any
impression, often một điều gì đó mà evidence, Mark had a
without clear or logical không cần lý do rõ ràng hunch that the stock
evidence, that market would see a
suggests a certain significant increase, so he
outcome or course of decided to invest.
action
9. ąenius, inąenious

5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

genius n exceptional intellectual thiȃn tài Albert Einstein is often

ability or creative talent regarded as a genius for
that sets an individual his groundbreaking
apart in their field contributions to the field
of theoretical physics.

ingenious adj demonstrating tài nǔng, sáng tạo và The engineer came up
exceptional creativity, thông minh with an ingenious solution
intelligence, and to the complex problem,

Chuyên Anh's little cor

originality in solving saving the company time
problems or creating and money.
something new.

10. biased, prejudiced

biased adj having a preconceived có thành kiến The referee's biased
and often unfair decisions favored the
preference or inclination home team, which
for or against something frustrated the visiting
or someone players and their
fans.

prejudiced adj holding a biased or mang hướng thiȃn vị, Some companies are
preconceived opinion or có định kiến với ai đó prejudiced against
judgment about a taking on employees
person, group, or who are over 50.
situation based on
stereotypes,
misconceptions, or
unfounded beliefs,
rather than on objective
assessment or evidence

11. optimistic, pessimistic

optimistic adj hoping or believing tích cực Despite the challenges
that good things will ahead, Shera remained
happen in the future optimistic about the
future, believing that with
hard work and
determination, things
would improve.

pessimistic adj thinking that bad things tiȃu cực Tom, feeling pessimistic
are more likely to about the economic
happen or emphasizing downturn, believed that it
the bad part of a would take a long time for
situation the job market to recover.

12. intellectual, intelliąent, knowledąeable

intellectual adj relating to the ability to thuộc trí thức, trí tuệ Emily is known for her
think critically, reason, intellectual pursuits, often
and engage in complex engaging in deep
mental processes philosophical discussions

6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

and exploring complex

"Intellectual" ideas.
emphasizes a person's
engagement in deep
thinking and complex
ideas

intelligent adj possessing the ability to thông minh Tom is highly intelligent
learn, understand, and and excels in

Chuyên Anh's little cor

apply knowledge problem-solving,
effectively consistently finding
innovative solutions to
"Intelligent" highlights a challenges.
person's ability to learn,
understand, and solve
problems effectively

knowledgeab adj having a deep hiểu biết sȗu rộng Professor Martinez is
le understanding or incredibly knowledgeable
familiarity with a about medieval history,
particular subject, field, providing insightful
or area of expertise lectures on the subject.

13. curriculum, lecture, tutorial, tuition, seminar

curriculum n the set of courses, chương trình học The school's curriculum
subjects, and includes a wide range of
educational content that subjects, from
make up a specific mathematics and science
program of study, to literature and the arts.
whether in a school,
college, or other
educational institution

lecture n a formal presentation or bài giảng Professor Martinez

speech given to an delivered an engaging
audience, often in an lecture on the history of
educational setting, to ancient civilizations to her
provide information, eager students.
instruction, or insights
on a particular topic

tutorial n a small, instructional hướng dẫn The professor offered

session or class led by individual tutorials to help
a tutor or teacher, students who needed
providing individualized extra assistance with the
or focused guidance complex material.
and support to a student
or a small group of
students

7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

tuition n the fee or cost học phí The cost of tuition for the
associated with semester included
receiving instruction or access to all courses,
education, typically paid textbooks, and resources
to an educational offered by the university.
institution or private
tutor

seminar n a small group meeting hội thảo The seminar on effective

Chuyên Anh's little cor

or class, often led by an communication skills
instructor, in which provided attendees with
participants engage in practical tips and
discussion, analysis, interactive exercises to
and collaborative improve their abilities.
learning on a specific
topic or subject

14. iąnorant, inattentive

ignorant adj lacking knowledge or không có kiến thức hoặc Without any prior
information about a thông tin về vấn đề gì đó exposure to computer
particular subject, often programming, Sam felt
due to a lack of ignorant about where to
exposure or education start with coding.

inattentive adj not paying close or mất tập trung Because he was
proper attention; easily inattentive during the
distracted or meeting, Alex missed
unfocused important details about
the upcoming project.

Other words
academic n, adj - someone who - người chuyȃn Sarah pursued an
teaches at a nghiȃn cứu và academic career,
college, or who làm việc trong conducting research and
studies as part lĩnh vực giáo dục, publishing papers in her
of their job nghiȃn cứu, và field of expertise.
thường có liȃn
quan đến học
thuật và kiến thức
- relating to chuyȃn sȗu
education and - mang tính học thuật
scholarship,
particularly in a
formal setting such
as a school,
college, or
university

conscientious adj characterized by tận tȗm, chǔm chỉ Mark was known for his
careful and diligent conscientious approach to
attention to one's work, work, always
duties, or double-checking his
responsibilities

8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

assignments for accuracy

and completeness.

cram (for) v to study intensively and nhồi nhét Despite the last-minute
in a concentrated nature of his studying,
manner, typically in a Tom managed to cram
short period of time, the exam.
often in preparation for
an examination or

Chuyên Anh's little cor

assessment

distance n a mode of education in học từ xa Due to the pandemic,

learning which students and many students
instructors are transitioned to distance
physically separated, learning, attending
typically relying on classes online instead of
technology and online in-person.
resources to facilitate
learning

plagiarise v to use someone else's đạo vǔn Submitting someone

work, ideas, or else's work as your own
intellectual property without proper citation is
without proper considered plagiarism and
acknowledgment or is a serious academic
permission, presenting offense.
them as one's own

special needs n specific requirements or yȃu cầu đặc biệt hỗ The school implemented a
accommodations trợ cho việc học tập program to provide extra
necessary to support support and
individuals with accommodations for
disabilities or unique students with special
learning challenges in needs.
order to ensure equal
access to education
and other opportunities

inspiration n a source of motivation, sự truyền cảm hứng, The breathtaking sunset

creativity, or insight that động lực cho ai đó over the ocean served
stimulates one's as inspiration for the
thoughts, feelings, or artist's latest painting.
actions

naive adj lacking experience, ngȗy thơ Thinking he could trust

sophistication, or a everyone he met, John
realistic understanding was considered naive for
of the complexities of a not being more cautious
situation or the motives in business dealings.
of others

plausible adj seemingly reasonable, có vẻ hợp lý Although the explanation

believable, or likely to be seemed plausible, further
true based on available investigation revealed that
evidence or information

9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

it was not supported by

the available evidence.

graduate v to successfully tốt nghiệp After years of hard work

complete a program of and dedication, Emily
study, usually at a was thrilled to graduate
university or college, with a degree in
resulting in the psychology.
attainment of a degree

e
or diploma

n
PHRASAL VERBS:

Chuyên Anh's little

brush (up) on
r cor
Phrasal verbs Meaniną
practice and improve your skills or
knowledge of sth
Nąhĩa
chải chuốt, ôn lại kiến thức

come (a)round to sth/Ving change your opinion or decision đổi ý vì bị ai đó thuyết phục
because sb has persuaded you to
agree with them

come up with think of sth such as an idea or plan nảy ra ý tưởng

face up to accept sth and try to deal with it đối diện sự thật

figure out be able to understand sth or solve hiểu ra; giải quyết gì đó
a problem; understand what sb is
like and why they behave in the
way they do

hit upon suddenly have an idea; discover sth đột nhiȃn nảy ra ý tưởng; vô tình
by chance khám phá ra gì đó

make out - see, hear or understand sb - hiểu hành động/việc gì đó

or sth with difficulty cách khó khǔn
- suggest - gợi ý
- imply - ẩn ý

mull over think carefully about sth over a dành thời gian nghĩ kỹ về một
period of time vấn đề

piece together learn the truth about sth by tìm ra được sự thật bằng cách
considering all the separate bits of xȗu chuỗi các thông tin/sự kiện
information you have

puzzle out discover or understand sth by khám phá/hiểu được một vấn đề
thinking hard about it bằng cách nghĩ liȃn tục về nó

read up (on/about) get information on a particular nghiȃn cứu, dành thời gian đọc cái gì
subject by reading a lot about it để tìm thông tin về nó

1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

swot up (on) study sth very hard, especially for học siȃng nǔng, thường để chuẩn bị
an examination cho kì thi

take in - understand and remember - hiểu và nhớ gì đó nhờ

sth that you hear or read nghe hoặc đọc được
- accept sth as real or true - chấp nhận rằng điều gì đó là
sự thật
- trick sb into believing sth that - lừa/bịp ai đó
is true

Chuyên Anh's l ttle cor

think over

think through
consider a problem or
decision carefully

consider the facts about sth in an

organized and thorough way
cȗn nhắc vấn đề/quyết định một
cách kỹ lưỡng

suy nghĩ thấu một cách kỹ lưỡng

và có tổ chức

think up invent or imagine sth, especially an nghĩ ra gì đó, nghĩ ra một cái cớ
excuse

IDIOMS:
Idiom
go to sb’s head
Meaniną

i
if success goes to sb’s head, it
makes them think that they are very
important and makes them a less
Nąhĩa
khiến chúng ta quá đề cao bản
thȗn và trở nȃn hống hách

pleasant person

have/keep your wits about be able to think quickly and make có khả nǔng xử lý và đưa ra những
you sensible decisions/ being phản hồi nhanh nhẹn/ luôn cảnh
constantly alert giác

in the dark (about) not knowing very much about sth, không biết nhiều về một thứ gì đó,
because other people are keeping thứ mà được người khác giữ bí mật
it secret from you

know what’s what if you know what’s what, you have biết rõ về một thứ gì đó
a lot of experience and can judge
people and situations well

not have a leg to stand on not have any way of proving that không có luận cứ để chứng minh
you are right about sth bản thȗn đúng ở một việc gì đó

not see the wood for the be unable to get a general không thể nhìn nhận ra tổng thể
trees understanding of a situation vấn đề vì quá để ý vào những
because you are too worried about chi tiết lặt vặt
the details

put two and two together guess the truth about a situation suy ra một điều gì đó từ một việc
from what you have seen or heard mình được thấy hoặc nghe

1
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

quick/slow on the uptake taking a very short/long time to nhanh/chậm trong việc tiếp thu một
understand or realize sth vấn đề nào đó

ring a bell (with sb) sound familiar gợi lȃn cảm giác quen thuộc

round/around the bend be/become mentally confused or trở nȃn mất kiểm soát
unable to act in a reasonable way

split hairs argue about small details of sth cãi vã về những vấn đề nhỏ nhặt

take stock (of) spend some time thinking about

the situation you are in before you
decide what to do next orner
dành thời gian suy nghĩ/ đắn đo
một việc gì đó của bản thȗn trước
khi quyết định sẽ làm gì tiếp theo

c
PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

e
Phrase / Collocation Meaniną Nąhĩa

Chuyên Anh's littl

ACCOUNT
account for explain the reason for sth or the giải thích cho
cause of sth

(give) an account of recount information about sb or sth thuật lại, diễn tả lại, báo cáo
to one

take sth into consider or remember sth when xem xét điều gì, vấn đề gì đó
account/take account of judging a situation
sth

on account of because of sth bởi vì

by/from all accounts as said by most people theo thông tin thu thập được, điều
mà mọi người nói

on sb’s account if sth is said to be on sb’s or sth’s vì lí do gì, hay vì ai đó (thể hiện ý
account, it is because of that person muốn vì người đó mà phải làm
or thing chuyện gì)

on no account if sth must be on no account/not on không vì lý do gì, không vì

any account be done, it must not be trường hợp nào
done at any time or for any
reason~under no circumstances

turn/use sth to good account use your skills and abilities to sử dụng kĩ nǔng hay điều gì đó
produce good results để làm cho có lợi

settle an account harm sb because they have harmed trả đũa

you in the past

there’s no accounting for said when it is difficult to explain không có khả nǔng để biết vì sao
taste why different people like different một người nào đó thích ai hoặc
một cái gì đó bạn không thích

1
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

things, especially things that you do

not like

be brought/called to account be forced to explain sth you did yȃu cầu giải thích (nhằm chịu trách
wrong, and usually to be punished nhiệm vì hành động của mình)

by sb’s own account if sth is true by sb’s own account, điều mình nó là đúng nhưng
what you say is true although you không thể chứng minh
have not proved it

Chuyên Anh's little cor

be of no/little account not be important không quan trọng

charge sth to sb’s account if you charge sth you have bought tính phí trả trước vào tài khoản của
to sb’s account, the amount you ai đó
have spent is recorded and you
pay for it at a later time

ASSOCIATE
associate with sth connect various people or things in liȃn tưởng gì với gì đó
one’s mind, usually for a specific
reason that is unique to that person

associate with sb spend time with a group of people, chơi với, giao lưu với nhóm người
especially people are disapproved nào đó
of

BALANCE

(hang) in the balance if a situation is in the balance, it tới hồi kết, giờ phút quyết định
has reached a stage where it will
soon be decided one way or
another

strike a balance (between) if you strike a balance between two đáp ứng yȃu cầu giữa hai bȃn, chấp
things, you accept parts of both nhận thỏa thuận đôi bȃn
things in order to satisfy some of
the demands of both sides in an
argument, rather than all the
demands of just one side

upset the balance make sth less equal or correct làm thứ gì đó không cȗn bằng, đảo
lộn, rối loạn cȗn bằng

redress the balance make a situation fair khôi phục thế cȗn bằng, làm tình thế
công bằng

balance between/of a state where things are of equal giữ cȗn bằng của cái gì đó
weight or force

on balance after thinking about all the different sau khi cȗn nhắc kỹ
facts or opinions

1
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

(catch/throw)off balance - if sb or sth is off balance, they - mất thǔng bằng

are in a position where they
are likely to fail or be knocked
- confused or uncertain - bị mất phương hướng,
about what to do next không biết làm gì gì
tiếp theo

throw sb off balance confuse or upset sb for a short làm ai đó bối rối hoặc buồn trong
time by saying or doing sth that thời gian ngắn

Chuyên Anh's little cor

they are not expecting

swing the balance if sth swings the balance, it is the là yếu tố, nhȗn tố thúc đẩy chuyện
thing that causes a particular gì đó
situation to happen or a particular
decision to be made instead of other
situations or decisions that are
possible

tip the balance/scales (in if sth tips the scale, it is the thing làm lệch cán cȗn, thiȃn về,
favor of/against) that causes a particular situation to nghiȃng về
happen or a particular decision to
be made, when other situations or
decisions are possible

BASIS
basis for the most important facts, ideas, etc cơ bản, nền tảng của thứ gì
which sth is developed

on a daily/temporary/etc basis once or more each day thường ngày

on the basis of/that according to, based on là cơ sở của cái gì

BELIEF
express belief(s) have an opinion nȃu ra quan điểm

belief in/that the feeling of being certain that sth tin vào, niềm tin vào việc gì đó
exists or is true; sth that you believe

contrary to popular belief in a different way from what most trái với quan điểm của nhiều người
people believe

beyond belief too bad, good, difficult, etc to be khó tin

imagined

in the belief that thinking or believing that suy nghĩ hoặc tin vào điều gì đó

popular/widely be believed by a lot of people niềm tin phổ biến/được lan truyền
held/widespread belief rộng rãi

firm/strong/growing belief the belief that is hard to be broken niềm tin vững vàng, mạnh mẽ

shake sb’s belief in sb/sth make sb doubt sth that they were làm ai mất niềm tin vào, làm
certain was true niềm tin của ai lung lay

1
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

to the best of my from what I know and understand theo như tôi biết
knowledge/belief from the information that I have

(in) a fond belief/hope sth that you would like to be true trông chờ, có niềm tin mơ hồ là,
but that is probably not dù đã biết trước kết quả nhưng
vẫn mong chờ, chờ đợi dù biết
chẳng có cơ hội

BRAIN

Chuyên Anh's little cor

pick sb’s brains ask sb who knows a lot about a hỏi ý kiến ai đó
subject for information or their
opinion

rack sb’s brains think very hard vắt óc suy nghĩ

the brains behind the person responsible for đầu xỏ, đầu não của, người đứng sau
inventing, developing, or chỉ đạo
organizing sth

brainless (adj) stupid thiếu thông minh, thiếu não

brainchild (of) (n) a clever and original idea, plan, or đứa con tinh thần, sản phẩm trí tuệ
invention của ai đó

brainstorm(v) suggest a lot of ideas for a future động não

activity very quickly before
considering some of them more
carefully

brainwash(v) (sb into sth) make sb believe sth by repeatedly tẩy não
telling them that it is true and
preventing any other information
from reaching them

(have a) brainwave(n) a sudden clever idea ý kiến hay bất chợt

brainy(adj) clever thông minh, có não

brain-dead(adj) - if sb is brain-dead, they have - trạng thái chết não, não

serious and permanent bị tổn thương
damage to their brain, and
need machines in order to
stay alive
- if sb is brain-dead, their mind - không làm việc hiệu quả
is not working effectively, vì chán nản hoặc mệt
usually because they are very
tired or very bored

brain trust a group of people who advise a chuyȃn gia cố vấn cho lãnh đạo
leader

have sth on the brain not be able to stop thinking or không ngừng nghĩ về chuyện gì đó
talking about one particular thing

1
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

no-brainer (n) sth such as a decision that is very quyết định, kết luận, giải pháp quá
easy or obvious rõ ràng

CONCLUSION
bring sth to a conclusion bring sth to a finish kết luận

come to/arrive make a judgment or decision after a đi đến kết luận

at/reach conclusion period of thought or research

Chuyên Anh's little cor

jump/leap to conclusions make decision before knowing all vội vàng kết luận
the facts

in conclusion in a nutshell, finally tóm gọn là

conclusion of the final part of sth kết luận của cái gì

logical conclusion conclusion that is reasonable kết luận có lô-gics

foregone conclusion a result that is obvious to everyone quyết định sớm, kết luận trước khi
even before it happens chuyện gì đó diễn ra

CONSIDERATION
take into consideration take into account, think carefully xem xét điều gì
about a particular fact when
deciding or judging sth

give consideration to think about sth carefully, and not nghiȃn cứu, cȗn nhắc
too quickly

show consideration for pay attention to the needs, wishes, quan tȗm đến cái gì
or feelings of other people

under consideration being thought about cái gì được thảo luận

for sb’s consideration think about, deciding whether to suy nghĩ, cȗn nhắc xem có nȃn đồng
accept or approve tình hay chấp nhận

out of consideration for not consider sth or consider sth less bất cȗn nhắc, cȗn nhắc điều gì đó
valuable là không quan trọng

DOUBT
doubt that not feel certain or confident about nghi ngờ rằng
sth or think sth is not probable

have your doubts that have reasons why you do not feel có lý do riȃng để không chắc về
certain about sb or sth điều gì đó

cast doubt on - make people feel less sure - gieo rắc nghi ngờ về điều gì
about or have less trust in
sth or sb
- make sth seem uncertain - làm cho điều gì trở nȃn
không chắc chắn

1
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

raise doubts express doubts or concerns làm dấy lȃn nghi ngờ
about sth

in doubt - open to question - điều gì đáng nghi

- feeling uncertain about sth - cảm thấy không chắc
chắn về điều gì

doubt as to/about feel uncertain about sth không chắc về việc gì đó

Chuyên Anh's little cor

beyond/without a shadow of if you know or believe sth beyond a không còn nghi ngờ gì, chắc chắn
a doubt shadow of a doubt, you are certain
that it is true

beyond (a) reasonable doubt if a legal case or a person’s guilt is nghi ngờ hợp lý - tiȃu chuẩn pháp lý
proved beyond reasonable doubt, của bằng chứng cần thiết để xác
there is enough proof for the nhận một bản án hình sự
person accused of a crime to be
judged guilty

without a doubt used to emphasize your opinion không còn gì nghi ngờ gì-dùng
để nhấn mạnh ý kiến, quan điểm
của bạn

open to doubt not definite, and perhaps not even không chắc chắn, khó diễn ra
likely

room for doubt a possibility of sth being true khả nǔng của việc gì trở thành sự
thật

give sb the benefit of the believe sth good about sb, đặt niềm tin vào ai đó mặc dù
doubt rather than sth bad, when you còn nghi ngờ
have the possibility of doing
either
DREAM
dream of/about/that experience/have a series of events giấc mơ về
or images that happen in your mind
when you are sleeping

have a dream have a series of thoughts, images, mơ

or emotions while sleeping

a dream to sth that you want to happen very ao ước điều gì đó, dù nó ít có khả
much but that is not likely nǔng xảy ra

beyond the wildest dreams better or more than sb had ever ngoài sức tưởng tượng
thought possible

a dream come true sth you have wanted very much for giấc mơ trở thành hiện thật
a long time that has now happened

in your dreams used in spoken English to assert còn lȗu mới thành hiện thực
that sth much desired is not likely
ever to happen

1
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

like a dream very well or successfully điều gì diễn ra trôi chảy, thuận lợi

be living in a dream world have hopes and ideas that are not mong ước hay quan điểm không
practical or possible thực tế

FOCUS
focus on give a lot of attention to one tập trung vào
particular person, subject, or thing

Chuyên Anh's little cor

the focus of/for the main or central point of sth, sự tập trung đặt lȃn việc gì đó
especially of attention or interest

in focus describe a photograph that is clear bức ảnh rõ nét

out of focus describe a photograph that is not bức ảnh lờ mờ, không rõ nét
clear

focus group a group of people who have been nhóm người giải quyết một vấn đề
brought together to discuss a nào đó
particular subject in order to solve a
problem or suggest ideas

main/primary/major focus the main or central point of sth, sự tập trung chính, tiȃu điểm
especially of attention

IMPRESSION

have/give the (false) your impression of a person or thing tạo ấn tượng (xấu) cho ai đó
impression is what you think they are like

do an impression (of) a performance in which sb copies bắt chước ai đó

the way another person speaks or
behaves in order to make people
laugh

create/make an impression cause sb to notice or admire you tạo ấn tượng, làm ai đó chú ý bạn
(on sb)

under the impression that think that sth is true, especially nhớ mang máng, có cảm tưởng
when it is not rằng chuyện gì là đúng

first impressions the event when one person first ấn tượng lần đầu
encounters another person and
forms a mental image of that
person

run away with the impression believe sth that is not true tin vào việc gì không đúng, bị dắt
mũi

MENTAL
make a mental health note make an effort to remember sth cố gắng nhớ lại
(of/about)

1
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

mental arithmetic calculations that you do in your tính nhẩm

mind, without writing down any
numbers

mental illness an illness that affects the mind bệnh tȗm thần

mental age a person’s mental age is a tuổi tinh thần (VD như 25 tuổi,
measurement of their ability to think nhưng cư xử như đứa trẻ 10 tuổi)
when compared to the average

Chuyên Anh's little cor

person’s ability at that age

mental health the condition of sb’s mind and the sức khỏe tinh thần (người đang hoạt
fact that they are suffering from any động bình thường)
mental illness or not

MIND
make up your mind decide đi đến quyết định

cross/come into your mind if sth crosses/comes into your mind, suy nghĩ về một việc
you think of it

slip sb’s memory/mind be forgotten quȃn điều gì đó

have/bear in mind remember a piece of information ghi nhớ thông tin trong khi đang
when you are making a decision or quyết định hoặc suy nghĩ về việc
thinking about a matter gì đó

have a one-track mind think about one particular thing and suốt ngày nghĩ đến một vấn đề
nothing else nào đó

take your mind off stop you from worrying or thinking làm nhẹ đầu óc, không suy nghĩ về
about a problem or pain, often by việc gì đó nữa
forcing you to think about other
things

bring to mind if sth brings to mind, it makes you điều gì gợi nhớ lại
remember sth

in/of two minds about be unable to decide about sth không thể quyết định

on your mind worrying about sth lo lắng về việc gì đó

state/frame of mind the way sb feels about their life or tȗm trạng thất thường; cảm nghĩ
situation at the moment nhất định về cuộc sống

narrow-minded not willing to accept ideas or ways hẹp hòi, nhỏ nhen
of behaving that are different from
your own

broad-minded willing to accept other people’s rộng lượng

behavior and beliefs,
especially sexual behavior

1
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

open-minded willing to consider ideas and tư duy cởi mở

opinions that are new or different to
your own

absent-minded describe sb who often forgets hay quȃn, đãng trí

things or does not pay attention to
what is happening near them
because they are thinking about

Chuyên Anh's little cor

other things

bring/call sb/sth to mind remember sth nhớ lại điều gì đó

spring to mind come quickly into your mind đột nhiȃn nghĩ đến, hay xuất hiện
điều gì trong tȗm trí

run through sb’s mind/head - if sth is running through - không thể ngừng nghĩ về
you mind/head, you cannot điều gì đó
stop thinking about it or
singing it silently
- suddenly think of sth - đột nhiȃn nghĩ về điều gì đó

prey on sb’s mind if a problem preys on your mind, điều gì khiến bạn lo lắng và nghĩ
you think about it and worry about it ngợi
a lot

give sb a piece of your mind speak angrily to sb about sth they nói thẳng với ai điều gì mà họ
have done wrong làm sai

to my mind in my opinion theo tôi nghĩ, theo quan điểm của tôi

put sb in mind of sth cause sb to remember sth gợi nhớ cho ai đó về điều gì

your mind is on sth when your mind is on sth, you think để tȗm, chú ý về điều gì đó
about it or give attention to it

in your mind’s eye in your imagination or memory trong trí tưởng tượng, ký ức của
ai đó

speak your mind say what you think sth very directly nói thẳng, thẳng thắn

exercise sb’s mind worry sb gȗy lo lắng cho ai đó

your mind is a blank/goes when your mind is a blank/goes tȗm trí trống rỗng
blank blank, you cannot remember a
particular thing, or you cannot
remember

MISAPPREHENSION
(labor) under the wrongly believe that sth is true quan niệm sai lầm
misapprehension/delusion/ill
usion that

2
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

PERSPECTIVE
put sth into perspective compare sth with a similar thing to xem xét điều gì cách đúng đắn, làm
give a clearer, more accurate idea sáng tỏ

from another/a different/sb’s as one views or interprets a certain theo quan điểm, từ góc nhìn của ai
perspective situation đó

in perspective an object or person that is in trong viễn cảnh, trong phối cảnh,

Chuyên Anh's little cor

perspective has the correct size and trong góc nhìn
position in comparison with other
things in the picture

out of perspective an object or person that is out of ngoài viễn cảnh (vật thể hoặc
perspective has the correct size and người nằm ngoài góc nhìn, không
position in comparison with other thực hoặc không tự nhiȃn)
things in the picture, and therefore
does not look real or natural

(give sb) a sense of be objective in your evaluation of nhìn từ góc độ khác, đánh giá vật
perspective sth gì đó cách khách quan

get/keep sth in perspective think about a situation or problem in suy nghĩ hợp lý, cách khôn ngoan
a wise and reasonable way

perspective on a particular way of considering sth quan điểm trȃn thứ gì đó

PRINCIPLE
have principle have basic ideas or rule có nguyȃn tắc
that explains or controls
how sth happens or works

stand by/stick to your follow your principles làm theo, noi theo nguyȃn tắc của ai
principles

principle of sth/principle that a fundamental truth or position that nguyȃn tắc của cái gì
serves as the foundation for a
system of belief or behavior or for a
chain of reasoning

in principle if you agree with or believe sth in về nguyȃn tắc, nói chung, đồng
principle, you agree with the idea in tình thứ gì đó trȃn lý thuyết nhưng
general, although you might not không ủng hộ về mặt thực tiễn hay
support it in reality or in every đời thực
situation

a matter/an issue of principle a situation that requires sth be vấn đề về nguyȃn tắc, chỉ có một
done a certain way because one cách giải quyết bởi vì tính đúng đắn
believes it is the only right way của nó

the polluter pays principle the idea that the person or người gȗy ô nhiễm phải trả tiền,
organization that causes pollution người gȗy ô nhiễm phải chịu trách
nhiệm, nguyȃn tắc cơ bản để xȗy

2
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

should pay to put right the damage dựng hệ thống các công cụ khuyến
that it causes khích kinh tế

against sb’s principle in opposition to what sb believes trái ngược với nguyȃn tắc của ai đó

set of principles a method or set of methods for cách thức tổ chức hoặc sắp xếp
doing or organizing sth thứ gì

QUESTION

Chuyên Anh's little cor

beg the question - if a statement or situation - vấn đề gì đó được đề cập
begs the question, it causes
you to ask a particular
question - đề cập vấn đề gì đó
- talk about sth as if it were true, không mong muốn
even though it may not be

raise the question (of) bring issues or questions to sb’s nȃu ra một vấn đề
attention

sb/sth in question - be considered or discussed - đang được thảo luận

- in doubt - bị nghi hoặc, không chắc chắn

be out of question be an event that cannot possibly không thể thành công, không thể
happen thực hiện

without/beyond question completely certain or definite chắc chắn

some question doubt or confusion nghi ngờ hoặc bối rối

over/as to/about

awkward question an awkward situation is tình huống khó khǔn, cȗu hỏi hóc
embarrassing and difficult to deal búa
with

SENSE
sense that one of the possible meanings of a có ý nghĩa là, có nghĩa là
word or phrase

see sense/reason be reasonable and have good trở nȃn hợp lý

judgment

make sense of find meaning of coherence in hiểu điều gì đó

have the sense to do know sth reasonably to do sth làm việc gì đó hợp lí

come to sb’s senses - regain consciousness - suy nghĩ cách minh mẫn,
thông suốt
- start to think and behave - trở nȃn thông suốt sau
reasonably after a period khoảng thời gian khờ dại
of foolishness or
irrationally

a sense of an ability to understand, recognize, giác quan

value, or react to sth, especially any

2
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

of the five physical abilities to see,

hear, smell, taste, and feel

in a/one sense by a particular interpretation of a chỉ sự diễn giải cụ thể trong một tình
statement or situation huống nào đó

common sense the basic level of a practical lương tri, lẽ thường-thông thường
knowledge and judgment that we là khả nǔng phán đoán đúng đắn,
all need to help us live in a thực tế liȃn quan đến các vấn đề

Chuyên Anh's little cor

reasonable and safe way hàng ngày hoặc khả nǔng cơ bản
để nhận thức, hiểu và phán đoán
theo cách được hầu hết mọi người
chia sẻ

talk sense speak in a reasonable way nói điều gì đó hợp lí

in every sense in every way or feature theo mọi nghĩa, trong mọi cách

SIDE
side with sb (against) support one person or group in an theo phe ai đó
argument

take sides with sb agree with or support one person, hỗ trợ, chung phe với ai
group, or cause and not another

see both sides (of understand both opinions or nhìn thấy cả hai mặt của một vấn đề
an argument) arguments in a situation

look on the bright side find good things in a bad situation nhìn vào góc độ tích cực, lạc
quan hơn

on the plus/minus side used to describe the more/less về mặt tốt/mặt xấu, hay mặt tích
appealing or attractive part of sth cực/mặt tiȃu cực của cái gì đó

by/at sb’s side remain loyal to sb trung thành, ở phe ai đó

on sb’s side supporting sb ủng hộ ai đó

on either side of on one side of sth and on the other o cả hai phía
side of it

STRAIGHT
put/set sb straight about/on make certain that sb knows the real chắc chắn ai đó biết sự thật của
facts about a situation vấn đề gì đó

set/put the record straight write or say sth in order to make đính chính lại việc gì đó, làm cho
true facts known ai hiểu đúng cái gì đó

get/come straight to the point reach the main or most important đi thẳng vào vấn đề
idea of sth that is said or written

get sth straight make a situation clear, especially làm cho tình huống nào đó trở nȃn
by reaching an understanding rõ ràng

2
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

think/see straight think or see sth clearly suy nghĩ chín chắn, thông suốt

straight talking open, honest, and direct in speech thẳng thắn, nói thẳng
or writing, frank

straight answer an honest and direct answer to a cȗu trả lời đúng trọng tȗm
question

keep a straight face manage to stop yourself from giữ bình tĩnh, không thay đổi nét

Chuyên Anh's little cor

smiling or laughing mặt

not be thinking straight not be thinking clearly or using không thể suy nghĩ thấu đáo, thông
good judgment suốt

(keep sb on) the straight and if you keep on the straight and làm gì đúng đắn về mặt đạo đức,
narrow narrow, you behave in a way that is tuȗn thủ pháp luật
honest and moral

VIEW
view sth as have a particular opinion or way of xem điều gì đó như là
thinking about sb or sth

take the view that have an opinion có quan điểm là

have/hold/share the view that have an opinion/have the same có quan điểm/cùng chung quan
interest or opinion điểm

take a dim/poor view of sth disapprove of sth không đồng tình với việc gì đó

come into view suddenly emerge or become visible đột nhiȃn xuất hiện, trở nȃn có thể
nhìn thấy

view on/about/that an opinion, belief, or idea, or a góc nhìn lȃn việc gì đó

way of thinking about sth

in sb’s view within the range of vision, be able to trong tầm nhìn, có thể thấy được
be seen

point of view/viewpoint a way of considering sth quan điểm gì đó

hove in(to) sight/view appeared xuất hiện

with a view to doing sth with the aim of doing sth với mục đích làm gì đó

in view of sth because of a particular thing, or bởi vì việc gì đó

considering a particular fact

take the long view think about the effects that sth will tầm nhìn xa trông rộng
have in the future instead of in the
present

2
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

WORD FORMATION:
Word Cat Meaniną Nąhĩa

ASSUME
assumption n a belief or supposition made giả định, giả thiết

Chuyên Anh's little cor

without concrete evidence or proof

assuming adj meaning to take for granted or giả sử rằng, nếu như
suppose without evidence

unassuming adj not drawing attention to oneself; khiȃm tốn, giản dị

modest or unpretentious

assumed adj meaning to take on or adopt a được cho là, được coi là
particular role, quality, or
appearance

BELIEVE
disbelieve adj to reject or refuse to accept as true không tin, hoài nghi, nghi ngờ
or genuine; to doubt or have no
faith in

belief n a conviction or acceptance niềm tin, đức tin, tín ngưỡng

that something is true or real,
often without concrete proof

disbelief n a lack of belief or refusal to accept sự không tin, sự hoài nghi

something as true or real

believer n someone who has faith or người theo đạo, tín đồ

conviction in something, often
related to religion or a particular
ideology

unbeliever n someone who does not believe in kẻ vô thần

a particular religion, ideology, or
concept

believable adj capable of being believed or có thể tin được, hợp lý

accepted as true; convincing

unbelievable adj difficult or impossible to believe; không thể tin được, khó tin, kỳ lạ
incredible

disbelieving adj showing doubt or skepticism; not không tin, hoài nghi
believing

unbelievably adv in a manner that is extremely một cách khó tin, kỳ lạ, phi thường
difficult to believe or beyond
expectation

2
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

BRILLIANT
brilliance n exceptional brightness or sự sáng chói, xuất sắc, tài giỏi
intelligence; outstanding talent or
skill

brilliantly adv in an exceptionally bright or một cách sáng chói, giỏi giang
intelligent manner; with
outstanding talent or skill

Chuyên Anh's little cor

CONCEIVE
conceptualise v to form a mental concept or idea, khái niệm hóa, tưởng tượng, hình
often involving abstract or dung
theoretical thinking

concept n an abstract idea or general notion khái niệm, ý niệm, quan niệm
that represents something in the
mind

conception n the act of forming or conceiving sự hình thành, tạo thành

an idea, plan, or notion; the
beginning of something

conceptual adj relating to or based on concepts thuộc về khái niệm, mang tính khái
or abstract ideas, rather than niệm
specific instances or objects

conceivable adj capable of being imagined, có thể hiểu được, có thể nhận thức
understood, or believed; possible to được, có thể hình dung được
conceive or consider

inconceivable adj impossible to imagine or believe; không thể hiểu được, không thể
beyond the realm of possibility or nhận thức được, không thể tưởng
understanding tượng được

conceivably adv in a way that is possible to imagine có thể hiểu được, có thể nhận thức
or consider được, có thể tưởng tượng được

inconceivably⭐ adv in a way that is impossible to không thể hiểu được, không thể
imagine or believe nhận thức được, không thể tưởng
tượng được

CONFUSE
confusion n a state of being bewildered, sự bối rối, sự lộn xộn, sự hỗn độn
uncertain, or unclear in one's
thinking or understanding

confused adj in a state of disarray, disorder, or bị bối rối, bị lẫn lộn, bị hỗn độn
lack of clarity; lacking
understanding or direction

2
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

confusing adj causing bewilderment or gȗy bối rối, gȗy lẫn lộn, gȗy hỗn độn
uncertainty; difficult to understand
or make sense of

confusingly adv in a manner that causes một cách bối rối, một cách lẫn lộn,
confusion or makes something một cách hỗn độn
difficult to understand

CONVINCE

Chuyên Anh's little cor

conviction n a strong belief or opinion, often held sự kết án, sự kết tội; sự tin chắc, sự
with firmness and confidence tin tưởng

convicted adj found guilty of a crime or bị kết án, bị kết tội

wrongdoing through a legal
process

unconvicted adj not having been found guilty of a trạng thái của người hay vật chưa bị
crime or wrongdoing through a tòa án xác nhận có tội về hành vi
legal process phạm pháp hoặc đã được tha bổng

convincing⭐ adj capable of persuading or winning thuyết phục, có sức thuyết phục
over someone's belief or
confidence; persuasive

unconvincing⭐ adj not capable of persuading or không thuyết phục, không có sức
winning over belief or confidence; thuyết phục
not persuasive

convincingly adv in a manner that is persuasive or một cách thuyết phục, một cách có
capable of winning belief or sức thuyết phục
confidence

unconvincingly adv in a manner that is not persuasive cách không có sức thuyết phục
or does not win belief or confidence

DECIDE
decision n a choice or conclusion reached quyết định
after careful consideration or
deliberation

decider n someone or something that makes người quyết định

a decision or has the power to
decide

decisiveness n the quality of being able to make tính quyết đoán, tính dứt khoát
decisions quickly and with
determination

deciding adj the act of making a decision or quyết định, quyết đoán
determining a course of action

decisive⭐ adj able to make decisions quickly and quyết đoán, dứt khoát, có yếu tố
effectively; showing determination quyết định, mang tính quyết định

2
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

indecisive adj unable to make decisions không quyết đoán, lưỡng lự, không
easily; wavering or uncertain in rõ ràng, không mang tính quyết
making choices định

decisively adv in a manner that shows cách quyết đoán

determination and the ability to
make decisions

indecisively adv in a manner that shows hesitancy or cách lưỡng lự

Chuyên Anh's little cor

inability to make decisions easily

DEFINE
definition n - a statement that explains định nghĩa, sự xác định, sự rõ ràng,
the meaning of a word, sự sắc nét
phrase, or concept
- how clear an image or sound is

defined adj to state or explain the meaning of được định nghĩa, được xác định, rõ
something clearly and precisely ràng, sắc nét

definitive adj conclusive, providing a final solution cuối cùng, chính thức, quyết định, tối
or answer; serving as the ưu
authoritative or ultimate reference

definitively adv in a manner that is final and một cách chính thức, quyết định
conclusive; with absolute certainty

definite adj clearly defined, certain, or precise; chắc chắn, xác thực, rõ ràng, cụ thể
not vague or uncertain

indefinite adj not clearly defined, without a fixed không chắc chắn, không rõ ràng
or precise limit; unclear or
uncertain

definitely adv without a doubt, certainly; in a clear cách chắc chắn, cách rõ ràng, cụ thể
and unmistakable manner

indefinitely adv for an unlimited or unspecified cách không chắc chắn, xác thực,
period of time; without a definite không rõ ràng
end

DOUBT
doubter n a person who questions or is kẻ hoài nghi, người nghi ngờ
skeptical about something, often
lacking belief or confidence

doubtful adj uncertain or questionable; causing nghi ngờ, không chắc chắn,
doubt or skepticism không tin tưởng

doubtfully in a manner that cách nghi ngờ, hoài nghi, không

expresses uncertainty or chắc chắn
skepticism

2
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

undoubted adj beyond doubt, unquestionably true chắc chắn, không còn nghi ngờ gì
or certain

undoubtedly⭐ adv without a doubt, unquestionably; cách chắc chắn, tin tưởng
used to emphasize the certainty of
something

doubtless adj without a doubt, certainly; chắc chắn là, không hoài nghi gì
synonymous with "undoubtedly"

Chuyên Anh's little cor

redoubtable⭐ adj inspiring fear or respect through đáng gờm, khiến người khác phải
being impressively powerful or kính trọng
capable; formidable

EXPLAIN
explanation n a statement or account that makes sự giải thích, lời giải thích
something clear or provides
information about it

explanatory adj serving to explain or provide giải thích, làm rõ

clarification; explanatory materials
or comments

unexplained adj not explained or clarified; lacking a không được giải thích, bí ẩn
clear and understandable reason

explicable adj capable of being explained or có thể lý giải được, có lý do

understood; understandable

inexplicable⭐ adj impossible to explain or không thể giải thích được, khó hiểu
understand; beyond comprehension

explicably adv in a manner that can be một cách có lý do, có thể giải thích
explained or made clear được

inexplicably adv in a manner that cannot be một cách khó lý giải, cách khó hiểu
explained or understood

IMAGINE
imagination n the ability to create mental images, trí tưởng tượng, khả nǔng tưởng
ideas, or concepts that are not tượng
present in reality; creativity

imaginings n mental images or fantasies; the act những điều tưởng tượng ra, những
of imagining ảo tưởng

imaginary⭐ adj existing only in the imagination; not tưởng tượng ra ,ảo
real

imaginative⭐ adj creative and inventive; having a có trí tưởng tượng phong phú, sáng
strong imagination tạo

2
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

unimaginative⭐ adj lacking creativity or imagination; thiếu trí tưởng tượng phong phú,
dull or unoriginal sáng tạo

imaginatively adv in a creative or imaginative manner một cách sáng tạo

unimaginatively adv in a dull or uncreative manner cách thiếu trí tưởng tượng phong
phú, sáng tạo

JUDGE

Chuyên Anh's little cor

jug(e)ment n the act of forming an opinion, sự phán xét, đánh giá, quyết định,
decision, or evaluation about phán quyết
something; also spelled
"judgement"

judiciary n the branch of government bộ tư pháp, bộ phận tư pháp

responsible for interpreting and
applying laws; the legal system

judiciousness n the quality of being judicious, which tính thận trọng, tính không ngoan
means showing good judgment and
making wise decisions

judicious adj showing good judgment and thận trọng, khôn ngoan
discretion; wise and careful
in decision-making

injudicious adj lacking good judgment or wisdom; người hay vật không có khả nǔng
unwise đưa ra những quyết định hay hành
động hợp lý và cẩn thận, thiếu thận
trọng, khôn ngoan

judicial adj related to the judiciary or the legal thuộc về tòa án, thuộc về tư pháp
system; pertaining to judges and
courts

judgemental adj tending to form harsh or critical hay phán xét, có xu hướng chỉ trích
judgments about others người khác

judiciously adv in a manner that shows good cách thận trọng, cách khôn ngoan
judgment and wisdom

prejudge v to judge or form an opinion about thành kiến, đưa ra những ý kiến hay
something or someone nhận xét về ai hoặc cái gì đó trước
prematurely, without sufficient khi biết rõ hoặc hiểu rõ về họ hoặc
information nó, thường được dựa trȃn ấn tượng
ban đầu hay thành kiến

misjudge v to form an incorrect or unfair phán xét, nhận xét sai

judgment about something or
someone

LOGIC

3
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

logical adj based on sound reasoning or hợp lý, có lý

rationality; following a logical order
or sequence

illogical adj not based on sound reasoning; không hợp lý, vô lý

lacking logical consistency or
coherence

logically adv in a manner that is consistent with một cách hợp lý

Chuyên Anh's little cor

logic and reason

illogically adv in a manner that lacks logical một cách không hợp lý
consistency or reason

OPINION
opinionated adj holding strong and often stubborn cứng đầu, kiȃn quan, người hay
opinions; not easily swayed by vật có xu hướng bày tỏ ý kiến cá
the views or arguments of others nhȗn một cách quá mức và không
chịu thay đổi hoặc chấp nhận ý
kiến khác

self-opinionated adj having an excessive or tự cao, tự phụ, luôn cho mình

unwarranted belief in one's own là đúng và coi thường ý kiến
opinions; stubbornly convinced of người khác
one's own views

opine v to express one's opinion or belief bày tỏ ý kiến, cho rằng

about something, often in a formal
or authoritative manner

RATIONAL
rationalise v to provide a logical or reasonable biện minh, giải thích
explanation for something,
especially when it might not seem
logical or reasonable on the surface

rationalisation n the act of providing a logical or sự biện minh, giải thích

reasonable explanation for
something

rationalist n someone who believes in the người theo chủ nghĩa duy lý,
importance of reason and rationality người tin vào lý trí, người có quan
as a basis for decision-making and điểm rằng lý trí là nguồn gốc và
understanding the world tiȃu chuẩn duy nhất của sự hiểu
biết và sự thật

rationalism n the philosophical belief that reason chủ nghĩa duy lý, niềm tin vào lý trí
and rationality are the primary
sources of knowledge and
understanding

3
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

rationality n the quality of being logical, tính hợp lý

reasonable, and based on sound
judgment

irrationality n the lack of logical or reasonable tính vô lý

thinking; behaving without sound
judgment

Chuyên Anh's little cor

rationally adv in a logical or reasonable manner; một cách có lý
with sound judgment

irrational(ly) adj/adv in an illogical or unreasonable một cách vô lý

manner; without sound judgment

REASON
reasoning n the process of thinking and sự suy luận
making decisions based on logic,
evidence, and analysis

reasonableness n the quality of being fair, just, or tính hợp lý, tính phải chǔng
sensible; conforming to reason

reasonable⭐ adj fair, just, or sensible; showing hợp lý, chỉ người hay vật có khả
sound judgment and not excessive nǔng đưa ra những quyết định hay
or extreme hành động dựa trȃn những lập
luận hay bằng chứng chính đáng
và thỏa đáng

unreasonable⭐ adj not fair, just, or sensible; not không hợp lý

conforming to reason; excessive or
extreme

reasoned adj based on careful thought and có lý do, có cǔn cứ

consideration; not impulsive

reasonably adv in a fair, just, or sensible cách hợp lý, cách phải chǔng
manner; with sound judgment

unreasonably adv iIn an unfair, unjust, or irrational cách không hợp lý

manner; excessively or extremely

SANE
sanity n the state of being mentally healthy sự tỉnh táo, minh mẫn
and rational; soundness of mind

insanity n the state of being mentally ill or mất lý trí, mất khả nǔng nhận thức
disordered; a severe impairment of và phán xét đúng đắn
mental health

insane adj mentally ill or disordered to a mất lý trí, mất khả nǔng nhận thức
severe degree; exhibiting và phán xét đúng đắn
irrational or bizarre behavior

3
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

insanely adv in a manner that is extremely một cách điȃn cuồng, mất trí
mentally ill or disordered; in a crazy
or irrational way

SENSE
sensitise v To make someone or something làm nhạy cảm, dễ bị ảnh hưởng
more aware or responsive to
stimuli, emotions, or issues

Chuyên Anh's little cor

desensitise⭐ v to reduce the sensitivity or làm vô cảm, hành động làm cho
responsiveness of someone or người hay vật có khả nǔng phản ứng
something, often to a particular yếu hơn với một tác nhȗn hay kích
stimulus or emotion thích nào đó

nonsense adj ideas, statements, or actions vô lý, vô nghĩa, điều gì đó không

that lack meaning or are có ý nghĩa
irrational; absurdity

sensitivity n the quality of being responsive to or sự nhạy cảm, sự dễ bị ảnh hưởng

aware of stimuli, emotions, or
issues; the ability to perceive and
feel

sensibility n the capacity to appreciate and sự cảm nhận, tri giác, chỉ khả nǔng
respond to emotional or aesthetic của người hay vật có thể cảm nhận
qualities; good judgment and được các kích thích từ bȃn ngoài qua
sensitivity các giác quan

senseless adj lacking sense or meaning; without a vô lý, vô ý, không có ý nghĩa hoặc
rational or logical explanation không có cǔn cứ vào lý trí hay khoa
học

senselessness n the quality of lacking sense or sự vô lý

meaning; irrationality

sensible adj demonstrating good judgment and có lý trí, khôn ngoan

practicality; based on reason or
logic

nonsensical adj lacking sense; absurd or irrational; vô lý, vô nghĩa, không có ý nghĩa
not making sense

sensibly adv in a practical and reasonable cách có lý trí, một cách khôn ngoan
manner; with good judgment

sensitive⭐ adj easily affected or responsive to nhạy cảm, dễ bị ảnh hưởng

stimuli, emotions, or issues; often
used to describe a person's
emotional or physical
responsiveness

3
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

sensitively adv in a manner that is aware of and một cách nhạy cảm
responsive to the feelings or needs
of others; with sensitivity

hypersensitive⭐ adj extremely sensitive, often to quá nhạy cảm, chỉ tính chất của
the point of being overly người có khả nǔng phản ứng quá
reactive to stimuli or emotions mức với một tác nhȗn hay kích thích
nào đó

Chuyên Anh's little cor

THINK
thought n the process of using one's mind to suy nghĩ, ý nghĩ
consider or reflect on ideas,
concepts, or problems

thinker n a person who engages in the người suy nghĩ, người tư duy
process of thought; someone who
reflects on and considers ideas

thinking n the act or process of using one's sự suy nghĩ, sự tư duy, quá trình
mind to analyze, evaluate, or hoặc kết quả của việc suy luận
generate ideas

thoughtfulness n the quality of being considerate, sự chu đáo, quan tȗm

attentive, or reflective; showing care
for others' feelings

thoughtlessness n the lack of consideration or sự vô tȗm, sự thiếu quan tȗm

reflection; acting without regard for
the feelings or needs of others

thinkable adj capable of being thought or có thể nghĩ ra, có thể tưởng
considered; within the realm of tượng được
possibility

unthinkable⭐ adj beyond the realm of possibility; không thể nghĩ ra, không thể
something that cannot be tưởng tượng được
considered or imagined

thoughtful⭐ adj characterized by chu đáo, quan tȗm

consideration, attentiveness,
or reflection; considerate of
others

thoughtfully adv in a considerate and một cách chu đáo, một cách
reflective manner; with care quan tȗm
and consideration

thoughtless(ly)⭐ adj/adv inconsiderate or careless in one's vô tȗm, thiếu quan tȗm, không suy
actions or words; without reflection nghĩ đến cảm xúc và nhu cầu của
người khác

thought-provoking adj stimulating thought or deep kích thích suy nghĩ, gợi mở tư duy
consideration; causing people to
think deeply or critically

3
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

well-thought-of⭐ adj held in high regard or esteem; được kính trọng, được đánh giá cao
having a good reputation

well-thought-out adj carefully considered and chỉ một kế hoạch được suy nghĩ kĩ
⭐ planned; well-planned or lượng, được lȃn kế hoạch tỉ mỉ
designed

rethink v to reconsider or re-evaluate a suy nghĩ lại, xem xét lại

previous thought, decision, or plan

Chuyên Anh's little cor

unthinking adj acting without thought or bất chấp, không suy nghĩ
consideration; thoughtless

unthinkingly adv in a manner that lacks thought một cách bất chấp
or consideration; without
conscious reflection

WISE
wisdom n the quality of having knowledge, trí tuệ, khôn ngoan
experience, and good judgment;
the ability to make sound decisions

unwise adj lacking good judgment or wisdom; không khôn ngoan, dại dột
making poor decisions

wisely adv in a manner that demonstrates một cách khôn ngoan, một cách
good judgment and wisdom; wisely thông minh

unwisely adv in a manner that demonstrates poor một cách dại dột
judgment or lack of wisdom

wordly-wise adj experienced in the ways in which am hiểu đời, thông thái, chỉ tính
people behave and able to deal chất của người hay vật có khả
with most situations nǔng hiểu biết và ứng xử với những
vấn đề hay tình huống phức tạp
trong cuộc sống

3
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

Unit 4: TIME & WORK

TOPIC VOCABULARY:
Vocab Cate Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. adapt, adjust
adapt (to) v to make something thích nghi He quickly adapted to the

Chuyên Anh's little cor

suitable for a new use, new work environment.
situation, or environment

adjust v to alter or modify điều chỉnh She adjusted her chair to

something slightly in a more comfortable
order to achieve the position.
desired fit,
appearance, or result

2. alternate, alternative, amend, revise, substitute

alternate v to occur or use by turns; luȗn phiȃn The program alternates
to swap between two between English and
or more options Vietnamese lessons.

alternative n, adj a choice or option giải pháp thay thế We need to find an
available as another alternative solution to this
possibility problem.

amend v to make changes to a sửa đổi The government

document, law, or text to decided to amend the
improve or correct it law to better protect
citizens.

revise v to reconsider or alter chỉnh sửa, xem lại He revised his essay after
something, typically in receiving feedback from
response to new his teacher.
information or
circumstances

substitute v to replace one thing with thay thế You can substitute butter
another, typically of the with oil in this recipe.
same or similar nature

3. convert, shift, switch, transform

convert (sth v to change something chuyển đổi The old factory was
into) into a different form, converted into a
function, or state museum.

shift v to move or cause to thay đổi, di chuyển They shifted their focus
move from one place or from traditional marketing
position to another to digital marketing.

3
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

switch v to exchange one thing chuyển đổi, thay đổi She decided to switch
for another, especially careers from teaching
suddenly or intentionally to software
development.

transform v to make a dramatic or biến đổi The project transformed

thorough change in form, the city’s landscape
appearance, or character completely.

4. decay, deteriorate, spoil

Chuyên Anh's little cor

decay v to rot or decompose,
especially through the
process of natural
decline
phȗn hủy The fruit started to decay
after being left out for
several days.

deteriorate v to become xuống cấp The condition of the

progressively worse in building has deteriorated
condition, quality, or over the years.
value

spoil v to damage or ruin hỏng, làm hư Don't leave the milk out or
something, often by it will spoil.
causing it to decay or
lose freshness

5. modify, refine, reform

modify v to make partial changes điều chỉnh, sửa đổi They modified the car's
to something, typically engine to improve
to improve or adapt it performance.

refine v to improve something by tinh chỉnh The company refined their

making small changes, production process to
focusing on removing increase efficiency.
imperfections

reform v to make changes in cải cách The education system

something, especially an needs to be reformed to
institution or practice, in meet current demands.
order to improve it

6. innovative, novel, potential, radical

innovative adj introducing new ideas, sáng tạo, đổi mới The company is known for
methods, or inventions its innovative technology.

novel adj new or unusual in an mới lạ He came up with a novel

interesting way solution to the problem.

potential n, adj possessing the capacity tiềm nǔng This young athlete has
to develop into great potential to become
something in the future a star.

3
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

radical adj representing a cấp tiến, tiến triển They proposed radical
complete or extreme changes to the way the
change in something company operates.

7. maintain, remain, steady

maintain v to keep something in duy trì It’s important to maintain
good condition or a balanced diet.
continue a particular

Chuyên Anh's little cor

state or situation

remain v to stay in a specified giữ nguyȃn The weather remained

condition or position cold throughout the week.

steady v, adj stable, consistent, or ổn định His recovery has been

regular in movement or steady over the past few
progress months.

8. endure, last, persist, sustain

endure v to suffer something chịu đựng They had to endure harsh
difficult or painful conditions during the
with patience expedition.

last v to continue to exist or kéo dài The meeting lasted for

function over a period of three hours.
time

persist v to continue to exist or kiȃn trì, dai dẳng She persisted in

endure over a prolonged pursuing her dream
period despite many obstacles.

sustain v to support, maintain, or duy trì The team managed to

keep something going sustain their success for
over time several years.

9. conservative, dynamic, uniform

conservative adj preferring traditional bảo thủ He has conservative
values or practices and views on education.
being resistant to
change

dynamic adj constantly changing, nǔng động The new manager

active, or energetic brought a dynamic
approach to the
company.

uniform adj remaining the same đồng nhất The rules should be
in all cases and at all applied in a uniform
times; unvarying manner across the board.

10. innovation, proąress, revolution, trend

3
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

innovation n the introduction of new sự đổi mới Innovation is key to

ideas, methods, or staying competitive in the
inventions tech industry.

progress n forward movement tiến bộ The team has made

toward a goal or significant progress on the
improvement project.

revolution n a fundamental and cuộc cách mạng The Industrial

Chuyên Anh's little cor

drastic change in Revolution changed the
society, technology, or a way people lived and
system worked.

trend n a general direction in xu hướng There’s a growing trend

which something is towards sustainable
developing or changing fashion.

11. download, upload

download v to transfer a file from a tải xuống I need to download the
remote system (such as latest version of the
a server or another software.
computer) to your own
device

upload v to transfer a file from tải lȃn Please upload the

your own device to a document to the shared
remote system (such as folder.
a server or another
computer)

12. o ine, online

offline adj, not connected to the ngoại tuyến You can still edit the
adv internet or a network document while you're
offline.

online adj, connected to the internet trực tuyến Many businesses are
adv or a network shifting their operations
online.

Other words
evolve v to develop gradually, tiến hóa Species evolve over time
especially from a simple to adapt to their
to a more complex form environments.

influence n, v the capacity to have an ảnh hưởng Her leadership style had a
effect on the character, strong influence on the
development, or company's culture.
behavior of someone
or something

mature v, adj to develop fully, both trưởng thành He matured a lot after
physically and mentally; spending a year abroad.

3
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

to become more
advanced

breakthrough n a significant đột phá Scientists made a

development or breakthrough in cancer
discovery, especially research.
after a long effort

broadband n a high-speed internet bǔng thông rộng The company offers

Chuyên Anh's little cor

connection affordable broadband
services.

click v to press a button on a nhấp chuột Just click on the icon to

mouse or a touchpad to open the file.
select or interact with
something on a
computer screen

complex adj consisting of many phức tạp The human brain is

different and incredibly complex.
connected parts; not
easy to analyze or
understand

consumer n phr electronic devices thiết bị điện tử tiȃu dùng Smartphones are among
electronics intended for everyday the most popular
use by individual consumer electronics
today.

craft v to make or construct thủ công She crafts handmade

something with skill and jewelry in her workshop.
care

data n facts and statistics dữ liệu The data from the

collected together for survey showed
reference or analysis interesting trends.

file n a digital document tập tin He saved the report as a

stored on a computer PDF file.

(games) n phr a device used to play máy trò chơi The new gaming console
console video games on a was sold out within hours.
television or monitor

manual n, adj a book or document sách hướng dẫn, thủ You should read the
that provides công manual before assembling
instructions or the furniture.
information on how to
do something

network n a group of mạng lưới The office computers are

interconnected all connected to the same
computers or devices network.
that can share
information

4
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

nuclear adj relating to the energy hạt nhȗn Nuclear energy is both
released by reactions powerful and
within atomic nuclei, controversial.
such as in nuclear
power or weapons

primitive adj relating to an early stage nguyȃn thủy Early humans used
in development; basic or primitive tools for hunting.
undeveloped

Chuyên Anh s little

programmer n a person who writes
computer code and
develops software
lập trình viȃn He works as a software
programmer for a tech
company.

corner
resource n a supply of something tài nguyȃn Water is an essential
that can be used to meet natural resource.
a need

technique n a way of carrying out a kỹ thuật She learned a new

particular task, painting technique during
especially a skillful or art class.
efficient one

PHRASAL VERBS:

back up
Phrasal verb
-
'
Meaniną
make a copy of information
on your computer
-
Nąhĩa
sao chép thông tin để dự
phòng bị mất
- give support to sb by - ủng hộ, hỗ trợ ai đó
backup(n) telling other people that
you agree with them

change around move things so that they are in thay đổi vị trí
different places or positions

- stop being in one state, - chuyển hoặc khiến một thứ

change into condition or form and start chuyển từ trạng thái, dạng này
being in another, or make sang một trạng thái, dạng
sth do this khác
- take off clothes or a piece of
clothing you are wearing and - thay quần áo khác
put on different ones

change out of take off the clothes or a piece of thay bộ quần áo đang mặc thành bộ
clothing you are wearing and put khác
on different ones

do away with get rid of vứt bỏ/không làm cái gì

4
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

do up - repair, paint and improve - tȗn trang, làm mới (nhà

an old building, car, boat, cửa, xe.._
etc - thắt lại (dȗy giày,...)
- fasten (an item of clothing)
fade away disappear slowly dần dần biến mất

key in put information into a computer or nhập dữ liệu vào máy tính hay
other electronic machine using keys các máy móc khác bằng bàn

uyên Anh's little

or a keyboard phím

make into change sb or sth so that they biến người/vật thành cái khác
become sth else

corner
mix sb/sth up (with sb/sth) - put things together - trộn nhiều thứ vào cách lẫn
without any order lộn, không có trật tự
- think that one person or thing
is another person or thing - nhầm lẫn người/vật

switch on/off start/stop a machine/light/etc mở/tắt

working

take apart separate an object into pieces tháo rời/gỡ đồ vật ra thành
nhiều mảnh

test out try using sth such as a machine or kiểm tra thử xem (máy móc) có hoạt
product to find out whether it works động không
correctly or is satisfactory

turn into - change or develop into - biến thành, trở thành

sth different (thành một cái khác hoàn
- make sb or sth change toàn)
or develop into sth - khiến ai/cái gì đó trở nȃn khác đi
different

use up use all of a supply of sth cạn kiệt, sử dụng hết tài nguyȃn

wear out use sth a lot so that it no longer dùng nhiều đến mức bị mòn, rách,
works; or can no longer be used hư, cũ, không thể sử dụng được nữa

h
IDIOMS:

C
Idiom Meaniną Nąhĩa
a leopard can’t change used for saying that sb will never ý nói không thể thay đổi bản chất
its spots change their behavior or character của một người

all mod cons all modern conveniences, the những công nghệ hiện đại khiến
machines and devices, such as công việc trong cuộc sống thường
washing machines and fridges, ngày dễ dàng hơn ( tủ lạnh, máy
which make the ordinary jobs in a rửa chén,..)
home easier

4
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

break the mould change a situation by doing sth that thay đổi tình thế bằng việc thực hiện
is very different from what most một điều mới lạ so với tiȃu chuẩn
people usually do or have done in trước đȗy
the past

change your tune change your opinion or attitude thay đổi thái độ và ý kiến

have a change of heart change your opinion about sth or thay đổi quan điểm về một việc
decide not to do sth you were gì đó và dừng lại việc đang làm.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

planning to do

know sth inside out know everything about a subject biết “tất tần tật” về những thứ liȃn
quan đến một thứ gì đó

reinvent the wheel waste time trying to create sth that lãng phí thời gian tạo dựng một
sb else has already created thứ gì đó mà người khác đã làm
trước đȗy

stick to sb’s guns (on sth) refuse to change what you are giữ vững lập trường mặc cho sự chỉ
saying or doing despite the trích và chống đối.
opposition or criticism of other
people

the tools of the trade the skills and equipment that you kỹ nǔng cần thiết cho một công việc
need in order to do your job

turn over a new leaf change your life by starting to be a thay đổi cuộc sống sang một
better person or stopping a bad chương mới bằng cách trở thành
habit một người tốt hơn

PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

Phrase / Collocation Meaniną Nąhĩa
ACCESS
have access to to be able to get or use sth có thể dùng, truy cập cái gì đó

gain access to to succeed in entering a place or in thành công đi vào một nơi nào
seeing someone or something đó/thấy ai đó hoặc truy cập vào cái
gì đó

provide access to give permission to sb to enter a cho phép ai đó đi vào/truy cập vào
place or a link nơi nào đó

Internet access the ability to connect to the internet khả nǔng truy cập Internet

wheelchair access a method by which someone can sự ra vào một nơi bằng xe lǔn
enter or leave a place in a
wheelchair

HABIT

4
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

break a habit to stop doing something that is a từ bỏ một thói quen, nhất là thói
habit, especially something bad or quen xấu
harmful

break with tradition to do something different from what không làm theo truyền thống
is usually done

make the to stop having a close relationship ngừng có mối quan hệ với ai đó
(even/complete) break with someone, especially stop living (nhất là khi ngừng sống chung với

Chuyên Anh's little cor

(from) with them, or to change a course of họ) hoặc ngừng làm điều gì đó mà
action that you have had for a long bạn đã làm trong thời gian dài
time

take/need/have a break stop doing sth for a period of time nghỉ giải lao

a welcome break from get away from sth thoát khỏi cái gì đó, có kỳ nghỉ đáng
mong đợi

break bread to eat a meal; to share a meal with ǔn bữa ǔn (với ai đó)
sb

break down barriers to improve understanding and phá vỡ rào cản (về giao tiếp, sự khác
communication between people biệt quan điểm)
who have different opinions

(barely) break even to have no profit or loss at the end không có lợi nhuận/lỗ sau một hoạt
of a business activity động kinh doanh

break the mold (mould) to be new and different mới mẻ và khác biệt (phá vỡ những
khuôn mẫu cũ)

make or break sth to cause something to succeed có thể khiến cái gì đó thành công
or fail hoặc thất bại tùy ý

force of habit if you do something from or out of làm theo thói quen, không cần nghĩ
force of habit, you do it without nhiều vì trước đȗy đã làm rồi
thinking about it and in a
particular way because you have
always done it that way in the past

CHANGE
change from sth to sth to change or be different according thay đổi từ thứ này thành thứ khác
to the person, situation, time etc
involved

change sth into to stop being in one state, thay đổi thành
condition, or form and start being in
another, or to make something do
this

change sth for make or become different for a thay đổi với mục đích gì đó
particular purpose

4
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

change for the better/worse to improve/become more thay đổi để tốt hơn/tệ hơn
unpleasant or difficult

change the subject to start talking about sth different đổi chủ đề trò chuyện

make a change used for saying that sth is different tạo ra, có sự thay đổi so với bình
or better than usual thường

undergo a change to experience a change, usually trải qua một sự thay đổi mà

Chuyên Anh's little cor

something that is unpleasant thường là không dễ chịu

change sb’s tune to change your opinion completely, thay đổi hoàn toàn quan điểm
especially because you know it will (nhất là khi biết rằng việc đó đem
bring you an advantage lại lợi ích cho mình)

change hands to go from one owner to another chuyển từ sự sở hữu của người
này sang người khác

chop and change to keep changing your ideas, liȃn tục thay đổi quan điểm, công
opinions, activities, or job việc…

CLOCK
set a clock change the clock to a particular time đặt báo thức

watch the clock to often notice the time and wish liȃn tục xem giờ nhất là khi đang
that it was later, especially when làm một việc mình không thích
you are doing work that you do not và mong nó mau kết thúc
like

against the clock - if you do something against - làm một cách nhanh nhất
the clock, you do it as fast as có thể và hoàn thành trước
possible and try to finish it một mốc thời gian nào đó
before a certain time
- when people do something - cố gắng làm nhanh để ghi
against the clock, the time kỷ lục
they take to do it is recorded,
in order to find which person
or attempt is the fastest

(work) (a)round-the-clock happening or done all day and all xảy ra suốt cả ngày lẫn đȃm
night

clockwork - (n) a system of springs and - bộ máy đồng hồ

wheels that you wind (= turn)
with a key or handle to make
some clocks, toys, and other
devices operate
- (adj/adv) moving around in - quay theo chiều kim đồng hồ
the same direction as the
hands of a clock

4
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

like clockwork = as regular as very regularly, or at exactly the đều đặn, chính xác
clockwork planned times

turn back the clock to remember or imagine times in the nhớ, hồi tưởng về một quãng thời
past gian trong quá khứ

turn back the clock (on sth) to change something so that it cố thay đổi thứ gì đó để nó giống
behaves or exists as it did in the như lúc trước
past

Chuyên Anh's little cor

DATE
date from to have existed from a particular đã tồn tại từ một khoảng thời
time gian cụ thể nào đó

date back (to) to have existed for a particular đã tồn tại trong/từ một khoảng thời
length of time or since a particular gian
time

keep sth/sb up to date keep sb/sth modern, recent, or giữ ai/cái gì đó hiện đại, hợp thời, kịp
containing the latest information xu hướng,...

set/fix a date to decide on a particular time etc hẹn, đặt ra thời gian cụ thể cho một
when something will happen việc gì đó xảy ra

go on/make a date with arrange to meet someone on a sắp xếp để gặp một ai đó
particular day

at a later/future date at some time in the future lúc nào đó trong tương lai

to date up to the present time cho đến thời gian hiện tại

be past sb’s sell-by date if someone is past their sell-by một người không còn được xem
date, that person is not wanted or là có ích nữa vì đã quá lớn tuổi
considered useful any more
because they are too old

DEMAND
demand sth from sb to insist that someone do, provide, đề nghị, yȃu cầu ai đó làm gì
or relinquish something.

meet/satisfy a demand satisfy a need thỏa mãn nhu cầu

make a demand request sth yȃu cầu thứ gì đó

make demands on to be a lot for someone or trở thành một vấn đề lớn mà ai đó
something to deal with phải đối mặt với

the demand for the act of asking for sth yȃu cầu thứ gì đó, đòi hỏi thứ gì

in demand be wanted by a lot of people được đòi hỏi nhiều, được nhiều người
quan tȗm đòi hỏi

on demand whenever people want it ngay khi cần tới

4
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

ENERGY
have the energy to do be active to do sth có nǔng lượng làm việc gì đó

lack/run away the energy to be deficient in enthusiasm to do sth thiếu hụt nǔng lượng để làm gì
do

put/throw/channel sb’s put all effort to do sth nỗ lực làm việc gì đó

energy into sth

Chuyên Anh's little cor

nuclear energy the energy released during nǔng lượng hạt nhȗn
fission or fusion, especially when
used to generate electricity

source of energy forms of potential energy that can nguồn nǔng lượng
be used to perform work

energy needs the need of energy nhu cầu nǔng lượng

energy crisis significant shortage in energy khủng hoảng nǔng lượng

supply to a country or region

devote/direct energy spend all or most of your time or dồn nǔng lượng vào việc gì đó
to/towards energy on sth

nervous/restless energy an excess of energy that you have nǔng lượng dồi dào
when you are apprehensive or
worried

expend energy use or spend effort dành nǔng lượng cho thứ gì

conserve/save energy use energy carefully so that it lasts tích trữ nǔng lượng cho việc gì đó
for long time

FORM
form an impression / idea / to use available information to hình thành nȃn một ý nghĩ, quan
opinion of develop or reach an opinion or idea điểm, ấn tượng dựa vào những
thông tin có được

take/assume the form of take on the shape of sth

take form to gradually be seen or gradually dần được công nhận hoặc phát triển
develop

fill in/out a form to write the necessary information điền đơn

on a form

in the form of having the shape, character, style dưới hình thức là
etc of

in good/bad form to be in good/bad spirits or health khỏe/không khỏe

bad form rude behavior hành vi, hành động thô lỗ

4
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

application form a form that you complete in order to đơn xin việc làm
apply for a job, a place on a course,
etc. or to get something such as a
loan or a license

in any way, shape, or form in any way at all theo bất cứ cách nào

true to form behaving the way other people cư xử như đã mong đợi, đoán trước
expect someone to, based on

Chuyên Anh's little cor

previous experience

GOOD
good (for sb) to do having a positive or useful effect, tốt cho ai đó khi làm gì
especially on the health

a good deal of + U noun a large amount of sth lượng lớn của thứ gì đó

a good many of + C noun a large number of people or things rất nhiều

a good few a fairly large number of khá nhiều

good of sb to do sb is kind to do sth ai đó tốt bụng khi làm việc gì

for sb’s own good being or done for the benefit of làm việc gì vì tốt cho ai đó
oneself

it’s no good doing sth used to say that an action will not không có ích khi làm việc gì đó
achieve what it is intended to
achieve

do sb good improve sb’s health or life có lợi cho sức khỏe của ai

be of good cheer be happy trở nȃn hạnh phúc

make good time complete a journey quickly có kỳ nghỉ nhanh chóng

to the good generally helpful có lợi thế, có kết quả tốt

be up to no good be behaving in a dishonest or bad không làm bất cứ điều gì tốt cho ai,
way làm việc gì đó xấu

KNOW
know (sth) about have information in your mind about có hiểu biết về thứ gì đó
sth

know sb/sth to be/do know that sb or sth can do or be biết được ai đó có khả nǔng làm gì
done for sth

know better than to do sth be wise or moral enough not to do có đủ sự sáng suốt để không làm
sth gì đó

4
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

know better than sb know more than sb else because ai đó biết điều gì nȃn làm, điều gì
you have more experience or more không đúng
skill

get/come to know come across information, not put vô tình có được thông tin gì
much effort into obtaining the đó, không phải mất công tìm
information hiểu

let sb know tell sb sth nói cho ai biết điều gì đó

Chuyên Anh's little cor

in the know have knowledge about sth that có nhiều kiến thức hay thông tin hơn
most people do not have nhiều người khác

know-how(n) practical knowledge and ability kiến thức thực tiễn hay kĩ nǔng

LEAD
lead sb into guide or direct sb or sth into sth or chỉ dẫn/hướng dẫn ai đó đi tới đȗu
some places

lead the way be a pioneer in a particular activity người tiȃn phong, dẫn đầu cho
một hoạt động gì đó

lead the world be the most successful in the world trở nȃn thành công

lead sb to do cause or compel force one to do khiến cho ai đó làm việc gì

dóth

lead to result in dẫn đến

lead down guide or direct sb down to a lower dẫn xuống

point or level

lead through show the way to (an individual or a chỉ đường cho một người hoặc một
group) by going with or ahead tập thể bằng cách dẫn đầu

take/hold the lead take a position that is ahead of người dẫn dắt, người dẫn đầu
others

follow sb’s lead do the same thing that sb else has làm theo chỉ dẫn, hướng dẫn của
done ai đó

in the lead winning in a race or competition dẫn đầu trong cuộc đua, cuộc thi
nào đó

tale/lead sb on/to one side have a private talk with sb có cuộc nói chuyện bí mật với ai đó

lead the field/pack/world (in) be better than all other people or giỏi hơn ai đó
things

LINK
link to to make a connection with a dẫn đường link đến một trang
website, social media post, web, bài đǔng…
video, etc. on the internet

4
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

link sth/sb to/with to connect two or more places, kết nối hai hoặc nhiều người, cái gì
people, or things đó

link (sb/sth) up if two or more things or people link kết nối/kết nối với nhau và vận hành,
up, or if you link them up, they form làm việc cùng nhau
a connection so that they can
operate or work together

click on a link to follow a link to go to another nhấn vào đường liȃn kết dẫn

Chuyên Anh's little cor

website or part of a website on the đến trang web nào đó
internet

follow a link click a link bấm vào đường dẫn

find/prove/establish a link a relationship between two things tìm thấy/chứng minh được/đặt ra sự
between because one thing causes and liȃn kết giữa
affects the other

PLACE
change/swap/trade places take someone's position while they đổi chỗ, vị trí (cuộc sống) với ai đó
with take yours

take the place of (sb/sth) to replace somebody/something thay thế ai/cái gì

take sb's place to replace somebody/something thay thế ai/cái gì

put sth in(to) place implement (a new policy), or to đưa ra thứ gì mới(chính sách)
establish

put sb in their place to tell or show someone that they bảo ai đó rằng họ không quan trọng
are less important than they như họ tưởng
thought

in place of instead of thay vì

out of place - not in the correct place - không đúng chỗ

- not suitable for a particular - không phù hợp với một
situation tình huống nào đó

place of work / business / area where you work/have nơi làm việc/nơi ở
residence business/live

no place for not be a suitable place for sb không phải nơi dành cho ai đó
(VD: không phải chỗ cho trẻ em..)

put yourself in sb’s to imagine how someone else feels đặt mình vào vị trí, cảm nhận của
place/position/shoes in a difficult situation ai đó khi gặp chuyện khó

take first/second place to be the most important thing/a là thứ quan trọng nhất/ít quan trọng
less important thing hơn

have/take pride of place to have the most important position có vị trí quan trọng nhất trong một
in a group of things nhóm những cái gì đó

5
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

in the first/second third place used to separate and emphasize dùng để tách và nhấn mạnh lý do
reasons or opinions hoặc quan điểm

PROCESS
the process of a series of actions that you take in quá trình làm cái gì đó để đạt
order to achieve a result một kết quả nhất định

in the process of doing to have started doing something đang trong quá trình làm cái gì đó

Chuyên Anh's little cor

peace process the steps that are taken by tiến trình hòa bình
countries or groups that are trying
to end a war

by a process of elimination by removing from several quá trình loại trừ (những đáp án
possible answers the ones that sai để chọn cái đúng nhất)
are unlikely to be correct until only
one is left
PURPOSE
serve a purpose to be useful in some ways; to have a có ích
use

on purpose if you do sth on purpose, you do it một cách chủ đích, cố ý

intentionally

the purpose of doing why you do something or why mục đích làm gì đó hoặc lý do cái
something exists gì đó tồn tại

sb’s purpose in doing sb’s reason for doing something mục đích của ai khi làm gì

(not) fit for purpose something that is fit for purpose (không) thực hiện đúng công dụng
does what it is meant to do của mình

singleness of mind/purpose attention to one thing chú tȗm đến một thứ gì đó
(in)

sense of purpose determination or a feeling of having sự kiȃn định hoặc có mục đích
a reason for what you do rõ ràng khi làm gì đó

be to no purpose with no use results vô ích

REALITY
escape from reality a defensive reaction involving the thoát ly thực tại
use of fantasy as a means of
avoiding conflicts and problems of
daily living

face (up to) reality to accept that a difficult situation đối diện, chấp nhận tình thế khó
exists khǔn

become a reality you say that something has chỉ một sự việc thật sự xảy ra, trở
become a reality when it actually thành sự thật
exists or is actually happening

5
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

in reality used to say that a situation is dùng để chỉ rằng sự thật thì khác
different from what has just been với những gì người ta nói hoặc tin
said or from what people believe là thật

virtual reality a set of images and sounds, thực tế ảo

produced by a computer, that seem
to represent a place or a situation
that a person can take part in

Chuyên Anh's little cor

USE
use sth for doing sth/to do put sth such as a tool, skill, or dùng cái gì để làm gì đó khác
sth building to particular purpose

use sth as to make use of someone or dùng như cái gì đó

something in the function,
capacity, or role of something else

use sth properly use sth in a correct or satisfactory dùng cái gì đó đúng cách, một
way cách đàng hoàng

have many uses able to be used for multiple có nhiều công dụng, dùng cho mục
purposes đích

in use being used đang được sử dụng

of (no) use (to sb) to (not) be useful, helpful, or (không) có ích

possible

it’s/there’s no use doing the thing someone tries cannot be không ích gì khi làm gì đó
or was not successful

what’s the use of doing used to tell someone to stop dùng để bảo ai đó ngừng lo lắng vì
worrying because worrying will not việc đó là vô ích
help

be (of) (any/some) use to be useful có ích

I, you, etc. could (informal) used to say that you dùng để nói rằng bạn rất muốn có
use something would like to have something very một cái gì đó
much

use your head = use your loaf used to tell somebody to think dùng để bảo ai đó phải động não
about something, especially when suy nghĩ trước khi hỏi một điều
they have asked for your opinion ngu ngốc
or said something stupid

WHEEL
take the wheel to drive a vehicle cầm lái

at/behind the wheel to drive a vehicle cầm lái

at the wheel in charge chịu trách nhiệm

5
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

on wheels by, or traveling by, car or bicycle. bằng xe/một phương tiện

be hell on wheels to behave in an angry or difficult hành xử một cách giận dữ, khó chịu
way

wheel of fortune used for referring to the fact that bánh xe định mệnh, ý chỉ định mệnh
situations can change very quickly có thể thay đổi rất nhanh
from good to bad or from bad to
good

Chuyên Anh's little cor

reinvent the wheel to waste time trying to create cố làm lại điều mà người khác đã
something that someone else has làm tốt rồi
already created

put a spoke in sb’s wheel to make it difficult for someone to gȗy trở ngại cho ai đó khó đạt được
achieve something they had điều đã dự định
planned to do

a fifth/third wheel - a wheel on a vehicle to - bánh được gắn thȃm vào

which you attach a trailer, or để đính thȃm trailer (?)
the trailer itself
- someone who is in a - người không được cần tới,
situation where they are not bị lãng quȃn trong một tình
needed or are ignored by huống nào đó
most people

asleep at the wheel = asleep not paying enough attention to không để tȗm đủ đến việc cần phải
on the job = asleep at the what you need to do làm
switch

a cog in the machine/wheel (informal) a person who is a small một người nhỏ bé trong cả một tổ
part of a large organization chức to lớn

oil the wheels to help something to happen easily giúp việc gì diễn đó diễn ra trơn
and without problems, especially in tru, nhất là trong kinh doanh hay
business or politics chính trị

put your shoulder to the to start working very hard at a bắt đầu làm một công việc một cách
wheel particular task chǔm chỉ

put a spoke in to prevent somebody from putting ngǔn chặn ai đó thực hiện kế hoạch
somebody’s wheel their plans into operation

wheels within wheels a situation that is difficult to tình huống khó nắm bắt vì nó gồm
understand because it involves nhiều tình tiết, quyết định phức
complicated or secret processes and tạp, bí mật
decisions

WORD FORMATION:
Word Cate Meaniną Nąhĩa

ADAPT

5
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

adaptation n - adaptation refers to the - sự thích nghi, sự thích ứng

process of adjusting to new
conditions or circumstances - sự thay đổi để thích ứng
- refer to a trait or với môi trường
characteristic that has
evolved in an organism to
better suit its environment

adaptor n a device or component that allows người hoặc thiết bị chuyển đổi,

Chuyên Anh's little cor

different pieces of equipment or chuyển thể hoặc điều chỉnh một
systems to work together by cái gì đó cho một mục đích hoặc
connecting them sử dụng khác

adaptable adj something or someone that có khả nǔng thích nghi, thích
can easily adjust to new ứng hoặc điều chỉnh với các
conditions, situations, or điều kiện hoặc tình huống khác
requirements nhau

adaptability n the quality or ability of being able to khả nǔng thay đổi để phù hợp với
adjust to changing circumstances điều kiện hoặc các tình huống khác
or environments. nhau

adaptive adj the ability to adapt or adjust to có khả nǔng thích nghi, thích
different conditions, typically ứng hoặc điều chỉnh với các
referring to organisms, systems, or điều kiện hoặc tình huống khác
processes. nhau

adapted adj something has been modified or - được thay đổi một chút cho
changed to suit a particular purpose một mục đích hoặc sử dụng cụ
or environment. thể
- (về sinh vật sống) có khả nǔng
tồn tại trong một môi trường
cụ thể do những thay đổi đã
xảy ra với chúng theo thời
gian

unadapted adj not having been modified or - không được thay đổi cho
adjusted to fit a specific purpose or một mục đích hoặc sử dụng
environment. cụ thể
- (về sinh vật sống) không có
khả nǔng tồn tại trong một môi
trường cụ thể do không có
những thay đổi phù hợp

nonadaptive adj something that is not capable of không có khả nǔng thích nghi,
adjusting to new conditions or is not thích ứng hoặc điều chỉnh với các
designed for adaptability. điều kiện hoặc tình huống khác
nhau

maladaptive adj behaviors, traits, or responses that không phù hợp với các điều kiện
are counterproductive or harmful in hoặc tình huống hiện tại, gȗy ra hậu
a given context, often hindering an quả xấu cho cá nhȗn hoặc nhóm
organism's ability to thrive.

5
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

maladaption n the process or result of making sự thích nghi sai lầm, sự thích
maladaptive adjustments or ứng không phù hợp, gȗy ra hậu
changes that are detrimental rather quả xấu cho cá nhȗn hoặc nhóm
than beneficial.

5
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

ADJUST
readjust v to make further adjustments or điều chỉnh lại, làm cho phù hợp lại
modifications to something that has
already been adapted or adjusted,
typically in response to changing
circumstances.

adjustment⭐ n the act of making changes or sự điều chỉnh, sự làm cho phù hợp

Chuyên Anh's little cor

modifications to something to fit
new conditions or requirements the
result of such changes.

readjustment⭐ n the process of making additional sự điều chỉnh lại, sự làm cho phù
changes or modifications to hợp lại
something that has already been
adjusted, often in response to
evolving circumstances.

adjustable adj can be modified or changed to suit có thể điều chỉnh, có thể làm cho
different conditions, often through phù hợp
the use of settings, controls, or
mechanisms.

maladjusted⭐ adj a person or entity that is not able to không được điều chỉnh cho phù hợp,
adapt effectively to its environment không hòa nhập được với môi
or society, often experiencing trường xung quanh
psychological or social difficulties
as a result.

self-adjusting adj something has the ability to adapt tự điều chỉnh, tự làm cho phù hợp
or modify itself without external
intervention or assistance.

unadjusted adj something has not been modified or không được điều chỉnh, không được
changed to fit new conditions or làm cho phù hợp
requirements and remains in its
original state.

ALTER
alteration n the act of making changes, sự thay đổi, sự đổi; sự sửa đổi,
modifications, or adjustments to sự sửa lại, sự biến đổi
something, typically to improve or
adapt it to different conditions.

unalterable adj something cannot be changed or không thể thay đổi, không thể đổi
modified; it is fixed or permanent.

unaltered adj something remains in its original không bị thay đổi, không bị đổi
state without any changes or
modifications.

5
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

alternate v refer to something that occurs in xen kẽ, luȗn phiȃn, thay phiȃn
turn or in rotation with something
else

alternative n an option or choice that can be used có thể thay thế

instead of the usual or primary
choice.

alternatively adv signifies that something can be theo cách khác

Chuyên Anh's little cor

done in another way or as an
alternative to a previous option.

altercation n a heated argument, dispute, cuộc cãi vã, cuộc tranh cãi
or conflict between people,
often involving strong
emotions.
ARRANGE
rearrange v to change the order or placement of sắp xếp lại, bố trí lại
things to create a different
arrangement or configuration.

arrangement n refers to the organization or sự sắp xếp, sự bố trí, sự thỏa

placement of items, elements, or thuận, sự sắp đặt
components in a particular order or
configuration.

rearrangement n the act of reorganizing or changing sự sắp xếp lại, sự bố trí lại
the order or placement of
elements or components to create
a different configuration.

arranged adj something has been organized or được sắp xếp, được thỏa thuận
set in a particular order or pattern.

prearranged⭐ adj something has been planned or set được sắp đặt trước
up in advance, typically with a
specific purpose or outcome in
mind.

disarrange v to disrupt or disturb the existing làm xáo trộn, làm lộn xộn, làm rối
order or arrangement of things. loạn

CAPABLE
capability n the ability, skill, or capacity to do khả nǔng, nǔng lực, tính khả thi
something or perform a particular
task.

incapable adj lacking the ability, skill, or capacity không có khả nǔng, không có nǔng
to do something; it signifies a lực
person's or thing's inability.

5
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

capably adv describes the ability to do có khả nǔng, nǔng lực

something skillfully and effectively.

capacity n - the maximum amount or - sức chứa, dung lượng

volume that something can
hold or contain
- refer to the ability or potential - nǔng suất, công suất, khả nǔng
to do or achieve something.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

incapacitate⭐ v to make someone or something làm mất khả nǔng, làm mất nǔng
incapable of functioning or lượng
performing as usual, often due to
injury, illness, or other factors.

incapacity n the state of being incapable or sự thiếu khả nǔng, sự thiếu nǔng
unable to perform tasks or duties lực; sự bất lực, sự không thể làm
effectively. được.

incapacitating adj making someone unable to work làm mất khả nǔng, làm mất nǔng
or do things normally, or unable to lực; làm bất lực
do what they intended to do

overcapacity n a situation in which the demand for quá tải, dư thừa công suất
something exceeds its available
capacity or ability to handle it
efficiently; having more capacity
than is needed or useful

CHANGE
exchange⭐ v to give something and receive trao đổi
something else in return, which is
like swapping one thing for
another.

changeover n changeover is when you switch sự thay đổi

from one thing to another, often in
an organized or planned way, like
changing from one task to a
different one.

changing adj something is in the process of trong quá trình thay đổi
becoming different or is in a state of
change.

unchanging adj describes something that stays the không thay đổi
same and doesn't undergo any
alterations or variations.

changeable adj refers to something that can easily có thể thay đổi được
be altered, modified, or adapted.

5
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

unchangeable adj the opposite; it means something không thay đổi

that cannot be modified or altered, it
remains constant.

interchangeable⭐ adj describes things that can be used mang tính giao thoa
in place of each other because they
are so similar or equivalent.

CONTINUE

Chuyên Anh's little cor

discontinue v to stop doing something, often dừng lại
permanently, like ending a product
or service.

continuity⭐ n the unbroken and consistent flow or sự liȃn tục

connection of something over time,
without interruptions.

continuation⭐ n simply the act of continuing sự tiếp tục

something, like a story or a task,
without a break or pause.

continual⭐ adj means something that happens tính tiếp tục

repeatedly or frequently, but it may
have brief interruptions.

continually adv emphasizes the constant and một cách tiếp tục
repeated nature of something.

continuous⭐ adj keeps going without any liȃn tục

interruptions or breaks.

continuously adv highlights something happening in một cách liȃn tục

an unbroken, uninterrupted manner.

CONVERT
conversion n the process of changing something sự chuyển đổi trạng thái
from one form or state to another,
like turning digital text into printed
pages.

convertible adj refers to something that can be có thể thay đổi tính chất, mô hình,
changed or transformed into a trạng thái
different form or used in various
ways, like a car with a roof that can
be folded down.

incontrovertible⭐ adj something that cannot be disputed không thể thay đổi tính chất, mô
or argued against because it is so hình, trạng thái
clear and evident.

ELECTRIC

5
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

electrify v Charge or supply with electricity, cung cấp điện

making something capable of
producing or using electrical power.

electrician n A skilled professional who thợ điện

specializes in installing, repairing,
and maintaining electrical systems
and wiring.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

electricity n A form of energy resulting from the điện
existence of charged particles (such
as electrons and protons), and it's
what powers our electrical devices
and systems.

electrified adj Something that has been supplied được nạp điện
with electricity, or it can refer to
something that has been made
highly exciting or intense, as if it
were electric.

electrifying⭐ adj Describes something that is very một thứ gì đó mang tính phấn
exciting, intense, or thrilling, as if it khích, cao độ
were charged with electricity.

electrical adj Electricity or the use of electric mang điện/ dẫn điện/ liȃn quan đến
power, such as electrical appliances, điện
circuits, and systems.

electrically adv Describes actions or events (theo hướng) liȃn quan đến điện lực
related to electricity or performed
using electric power.

electrocute v Cause someone's death by electric xử tử bằng cách giật điện trȃn ghế
shock, typically resulting from
accidental contact with a
high-voltage electrical source.

electrocution n The act or process of causing quá trình xử tử bằng cách giật điện
someone's death by electric shock,
usually as a form of capital
punishment in some regions.

ENDURE
endurance n The ability to withstand hardship, sự chịu đựng
fatigue, or challenges over an
extended period, showing great
stamina or resilience.

endurable adj Something that can be endured or có thể chịu đựng được
tolerated without excessive
difficulty or suffering.

5
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

unendurable adj Something that is intolerable or không thể chịu đựng được
impossible to endure because it
causes extreme discomfort or
suffering.

enduring n The act of persisting or continuing quá trình chịu đựng

through time, challenges, or
difficulties.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

enduringly adv Emphasizes the continuous or một cách dai dẳng
lasting nature of something.

EVOLVE
evolution n The process of gradual sự phát triển, tiến hóa
development or change over time,
often used to describe the
development of species in biology.

evolutionary adj Something related to or based on mang tính phát triển, tiến hóa
the process of evolution, such as
evolutionary biology.

evolving adj Indicating the ongoing process of đang tiến triển

development or change.

co-evolve v To evolve together or influence cùng phát triển, cộng sinh

each other's evolution, often used
in the context of species evolving in
response to each other.

FLEXIBLE
flexibility n The ability to bend, adapt, or sự dẻo dai, thích ứng tốt
change easily, either physically or
in terms of opinions, plans, or
systems.

inflexibility n The opposite of flexibility, indicating sự thụ động, khó thay đổi
an unwillingness or inability to
change, adapt, or bend.

inflexible adj Describes something that cannot be không dẻo dai

bent or altered easily, often used to
refer to rigid or unyielding
characteristics.

flexibly adv Denotes the capacity to be một cách linh hoạt

adaptable and changeable with
ease.

INFLUENCE
influential adj Describes someone or something có sức ảnh hưởng
that has a strong impact, influence,
or power to affect others or events.

6
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

MATURE
maturity n The state of being fully developed, sự trưởng thành
grown, or mentally and emotionally
mature.

immaturity n The opposite of maturity refers to a sự bồng bột, chưa trưởng thành
lack of full development, often
associated with childlike or

Chuyên Anh's little cor

irresponsible behavior.

maturation⭐ n The process of reaching full quá trình trưởng thành

development or maturity, often used
in the context of personal growth or
the aging of products.

immature adj Describes someone or something chưa trưởng thành

that has not yet reached a full state
of development, often displaying
childlike or inexperienced qualities.

premature⭐ adj Means something happening or xảy ra quá nhanh hoặc sớm,
occurring before the expected or trước thời điểm được hẹn
appropriate time, often prematurely
or too soon.

MODERN
modernise v To bring something up to date, hiện đại hóa
make it more modern, or adapt it to
contemporary standards or
technology.

modernisation n The process of making something sự/ quá trình hiện đại hóa
more modern or adapting it to
current conditions or technology.

modernism n An artistic and cultural movement chủ nghĩa hiện đại

that emerged in the late 19th and
early 20th centuries, characterized
by a focus on innovation,
experimentation, and a departure
from traditional forms.

modernity n Refers to the state of being modern sự hiện đại

or contemporary in terms of ideas,
practices, or technology.

modernist n Someone who advocates or người theo tư tưởng hiện đại

supports modernism, especially in
the arts or culture.

modernistic⭐ adj Refers to something that relates to mang tính cải tiến, đổi mới
or embodies modernism, often

6
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

characterized by a focus on
innovation and avant-garde
ideas.
NEW
renew v To make something new again or to làm mới, đổi mới
extend the duration or validity of
something that had previously

Chuyên Anh's little cor

expired or worn out.

renewal⭐ n The act of making something new sự làm mới, đổi mới
again or the process of extending
the validity or duration of
something.

newness n The quality or state of being new, sự mới mẻ

fresh, or recently created.

renewable⭐ adj Something that can be replaced or có thể thay mới, hồi phục
restored naturally or through human
efforts, often without being
depleted, like renewable energy
sources.

newly adv Signifies something has been mới đȗy/ gần đȗy
done or acquired recently or is in a
state of newness.

anew⭐ v Start over or begin again, often bắt đầu lại từ đầu
with a fresh or renewed
perspective.

newsy adj Describes something that is full of tràn ngập tin tức
news or information, often used
to characterize a talkative or
gossipy style of communication.

newsworthy adj Interesting enough to be described đáng để được viết lȃn báo
in a news report

PERSIST
persistence n The quality of continuing with an sự kiȃn trì
activity or effort despite obstacles,
difficulties, or opposition.

persistent adj Describes someone or something kiȃn trì, chịu đựng tốt
that continues to exist, endure, or
act in a determined manner despite
challenges.

persistently adv Emphasizes the consistent and một cách kiȃn trì
determined nature of an action or
behavior.

6
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner
PLACE

6
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

replace v Means to take the position or đổi chỗ

function of something or someone
with something else, often when
the original item is no longer
suitable or functional.

placement n Refers to the act of putting sự đặt vị trí

something in a particular position
or location.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

placing

replacement
n

n
The act of putting something in a
specific position or location.

Something or someone that takes

the place of another, often
hành động sắp xếp vị trí

sự thay đổi

because the original has been

removed or is no longer effective.

replaceable adj Describes something that can be có thể đổi chỗ, luȗn phiȃn, thay thế
substituted or replaced with a
suitable alternative.

irreplaceable⭐ adj Describes something or someone không thể đổi chỗ, luȗn phiȃn,
that cannot be substituted or thay thế
replaced because of their unique or
invaluable qualities.

displace⭐ v To move something or someone di dời một vật khỏi nơi ban đầu
from their original position or
location.

misplace⭐ v To put something in the wrong đặt nhầm vị trí

location and be unable to find it
temporarily.

unplaced adj Refers to something that has not chưa được đặt đúng chỗ
yet been assigned or put in a
particular position or location.

PROCESS
processor n A device or component that (vi)/bộ phận xử lý
performs computations and data
manipulation in a computer or
electronic system.

processing n The act or process of performing quá trình/ chuyển đổi thông tin dựa
computations, operations, or vào bộ phận xử lý hoặc phần mềm
transformations on data using a
processor or software.

processed adj Describes data or materials that đã qua xử lý

have undergone various operations
or treatments to achieve a specific

6
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

result, often in the context of food or

information.

unprocessed adj Describes data or materials that chưa qua xử lý

have not undergone any special
treatment or operation and remain
in their original state.

reprocess v To subject something to further tái xử lý, với hy vọng cho ra kết quả

Chuyên Anh's little cor

operations or treatments, often to khác hơn
achieve a different outcome.

REVOLT
revolutionise v To bring about a fundamental or hiện đại hóa, cách mạng hóa
radical change in something, often
by introducing new ideas, methods,
or technology.

revolution n A major and often sudden change cuộc cách mạng, cuộc cải cách
or upheaval in a society, system,
or field, characterized by a shift in
fundamental principles or
structures.

revolutionary n Refers to someone or something mang tính cách mạng

that is associated with or promotes
significant and transformative
changes.

revolting adj Describes something that is gȗy khó chịu, miệt thị
extremely unpleasant, disgusting, or
causing strong aversion.

revoltingly adv Emphasizes the extreme một cách khó chịu

unpleasantness or disgust
associated with something.

6
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

Unit 6: TIME & WORK

TOPIC VOCABULARY:
Vocab Cate Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. interim, spell, stint, phase
interim n a temporary or thời gian tạm thời, She was appointed as

Chuyên Anh's little cor

provisional period of giai đoạn chuyển tiếp the interim manager until
time between two a new one is hired.
events or phases

spell n a short period of time khoảng thời gian ngắn He worked as a

during which something waiter for a brief spell
happens during the summer.

stint n a fixed or limited period thời gian làm việc She did a brief stint as a
of time spent doing a journalist before
particular job or activity becoming a teacher.

phase n a distinct stage in a giai đoạn The project is currently in

process of change or its initial phase.
development

2. century, decade, millennium, era, lifetime

century n a period of 100 years thế kỷ The 20th century was
marked by rapid
technological
advancement.

decade n a period of 10 years thập kỷ She has worked in the

industry for over a
decade.

millenium n a period of 1,000 years thiȃn niȃn kỷ We celebrated the new

millennium in 2000.

era n a long and distinct kỷ nguyȃn The Renaissance was a

period of history or a fascinating era in
person's life European history.

lifetime n the duration of a cuộc đời He achieved more in

person's life his lifetime than most
people could in two.

3. loną-standiną, permanent
long-standing adj having existed for a long lȗu dài They have a
time long-standing
relationship with their
suppliers.

6
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

permanent adj lasting or intended to vĩnh viễn She is looking for a

last indefinitely without permanent job.
change

4. anachronism, antique, obsolete, vintaąe, prior, overdue

anachronism n something that is sự lỗi thời, sai niȃn đại The use of typewriters in
outdated or belongs to the modern office is an
another time period anachronism.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

antique adj an old collectible đồ cổ He collects antique
item, often of high furniture from the 18th
value due to its age century.

obsolete adj no longer in use or out lỗi thời The invention of

of date smartphones has made
landlines obsolete.

vintage adj of high quality and cổ điển She drives a vintage car
lasting value, from the 1960s.
particularly old items

prior (to) adj existing or coming trước thời gian nào đó He had no prior
before in time or order experience in the
field.

overdue adj past the due date or quá hạn The project is long
time for completion overdue and should be
finished soon.

5. contemporary, chronoloąical
contemporary adj existing or occurring in đương đại Contemporary art often
the present time; challenges traditional
modern forms.

chronological adj arranged in the order in theo trình tự thời gian The events were listed in
which events occurred chronological order.

6. subsequent, provisional, temporary, postpone

subsequent adj occurring or coming tiếp theo The subsequent meeting
after something else was more productive.

provisional adj temporary; arranged or tạm thời They made a

existing for the provisional agreement
present, possibly to be until a formal one is
changed later finalized.

temporary adj lasting for only a limited tạm thời, diễn ra trong thời He found a temporary
period of time gian ngắn job for the summer.

6
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

postpone v to delay or reschedule trì hoãn The event was

something for a later postponed due to bad
time weather.

7. annual, seasonal, frequency

annual adj occurring once every hàng nǔm The company holds
year an annual conference
in December.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

seasonal adj related to or dependent theo mùa The store hires seasonal
on the seasons or a workers during the
specific time of year holidays.

frequency n the rate at which tần suất The frequency of

something occurs over a his visits has
particular period of time decreased lately.

8. punctual, timely
punctual adj happening or doing đúng giờ She is always punctual
something at the agreed for her meetings.
or proper time

timely adj occurring at a đúng thời điểm The announcement

favorable or was timely, just before
appropriate time the deadline.

9. elapse, lapse
elapse v (of time) to pass by or trôi qua Several hours had
slip away elapsed before we
received any news.

lapse v to expire or mất hiệu lực, hết hạn He apologized for the
become invalid lapse in communication.

10. span, duration

(attention) n the full extent or period khoảng thời gian Young children
span over which something have quite short
stretches or continues attention spans.

duration n the length of time thời lượng, thời gian kéo The duration of the
something lasts or dài concert was three
continues hours.

11. abrupt, instantaneous, prompt

abrupt adj sudden and unexpected, đột ngột The meeting came to an
often in an unpleasant abrupt end.
way

6
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

instantaneous adj happening or tức thời The response to her

done immediately question was almost
instantaneous.

prompt adj done or acting quickly nhanh chóng His prompt action
and without delay prevented a disaster.

12. civil service, public sector, private sector

Chuyên Anh's little cor

civil service n phr the permanent công chức nhà nước She has worked in the
professional branches civil service for over 20
of a government's years.
administration,
excluding military and
judicial branches and
elected politicians

public sector n phr the part of the economy khu vực công Healthcare is a major
that is controlled or component of the public
owned by the sector.
government

private sector n phr the part of the economy khu vực tư nhȗn Many of the country's
that is owned and jobs are created in
controlled by private the private sector.
individuals and
companies

13. client, executive, colleaąue, consultant, recruit

client n a person or organization khách hàng The firm’s largest client
that receives is a multinational
professional services corporation.
from a company

executive n a person with senior giám đốc điều hành The company’s CEO is
managerial one of the top executives
responsibility in a in the industry.
business

colleague n a person with whom one đồng nghiệp I often collaborate with
works in a profession or my colleagues on big
business projects.

consultant n a person who provides chuyȃn gia tư vấn They hired a financial
expert advice consultant to improve
professionally their business strategy.

recruit n a person who has tȗn binh, nhȗn viȃn mới The new recruits are
recently joined a undergoing training this
company or organization week.

14. recruit, headhunt

6
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

recruit v to enlist or hire people tuyển dụng They plan to recruit more
for a job or organization staff for the upcoming
project.

headhunt v to identify and approach sǔn người tài She was headhunted by
a person employed a rival company for her
elsewhere to fill a skills in marketing.
business position

Chuyên Anh's little cor

15. leave, redundant, sack, fire
(on) leave n time allowed away from nghỉ phép He is currently on leave
work for rest or personal due to personal reasons.
reasons

redundant adj no longer employed bị sa thải (do dư nhȗn lực) Several employees were
because there is no made redundant after
more work available the company
downsized.

sack v to dismiss someone sa thải The manager was

from their job sacked for
misconduct.

fire v to remove someone đuổi việc He was fired for violating

from their job, usually company policies.
for cause

Other words
prospects n the possibility or triển vọng The job offers great
likelihood of future prospects for
success or opportunities career
advancement.

marketing n the action or business of tiếp thị The company’s

promoting and selling marketing strategy
products or services helped boost
sales.

promotion n advancement in rank or sự thǔng tiến She received a

position within a promotion to senior
company or organization manager last month.

multinational n, adj a company that đa quốc gia The multinational

operates in multiple corporation has offices in
countries over 20 countries.

strike v a refusal to work đình công The workers went on

organized by a body of strike to demand better
employees as a form of wages.
protest

union n an organized công đoàn The union negotiated a

association of workers new contract for its
formed to protect and members.

6
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

further their rights and

interests

6
1
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

PHRASAL VERBS:
Phrasal verbs Meaniną Nąhĩa
crop up appear or happen suddenly or xuất hiện một cách bất chợt
unexpectedly

dive in start doing sth in a very làm việc gì đó hăng say

enthusiastic way

Chuyên Anh's little cor

end up (in/as) be in a particular place or rốt cuộc là, cuối cùng trở thành
state after doing sth or gì
because of doing it

kick off (with) begin (with) bắt đầu làm việc gì đó

knock off stop working, usually at the ngừng làm việc, vận hành (máy
end of the day móc/con người), thường là cuối
ngày

knuckle down (to) start working hard, especially làm việc chăm chỉ, đặc biệt là
when you should have done this những công việc đáng ra phải
earlier được làm trước đó

lay off - end sb’s employment, - đuổi việc ai đó

especially temporarily,
because there is not
enough work for them - không làm/dùng cái gì
- stop doing or using sth, nữa, thường là sau một
especially for a short một khoảng thời gian
period of time ngắn

lie ahead if sth lies ahead, it is going to sắp sửa xảy ra trong tương lai
happen to you in the future

make up work at different times from làm việc đền bù cho khoảng
usual because you have not thời gian không làm
worked enough at the normal
times

press ahead/on (with) continue doing sth in a quyết tâm thực hiện, không ngại
determined way, despite khó khăn, phản đối
difficulties, opposition or
interruptions

set out start doing or working on sth in bắt tay vào làm gì để đạt được
outset(n) order to achieve an aim một mục đích

be snowed under with if you are snowed under with bị ngợp/vùi đầu trong công
sth, you have too much of sth việc mà bạn không thể nào
to deal with giải quyết hết được

take on - start to employ sb - tuyển dụng ai đó

- accept some - đảm nhận công
work or việc/trách nhiệm
responsibility
7
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

tide sb over help sb to get to the end of a giúp ai đó vượt qua khó khăn
difficult period of time, (đặc biệt cho ai đó mượn tiền
especially giving đến khi nào

7
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

them money until they can get họ có khả năng kiếm tiền)
some more

while away spend time in a relaxed way thư giãn vì không có việc gì
when you have nothing else to làm, hoặc chờ gì đó
do

wind down - end or finish sth gradually - hoàn thành dần dần
- gradually reduce work - giảm dần khối lượng

Chuyên Anh's little co

before stopping công việc trước khi
completely dừng hẳn
- relax after a - nghỉ ngơi sau một
period of khoảng thời gian mệt
excitement or mỏi
worry

IDIOMS:

nine)
Idiom
a stitch in time (saves
Meaniną
used for saying that it is
better to solve a problem
rNąhĩa
được sử dụng để nói rằng mình
nên ngay lập tức làm một việc
now, rather than leave it gì đó trước khi để nó trở nên
until later when it may be khó khăn hơn trong tương lai.
more difficult to deal with

all in good time used to tell sb to be patient sử dụng để nói rằng mọi thứ sá
because the thing they are xảy ra vào đúng thời điểm của
eager for will happen when the nó.
time is right

at the drop of a hat immediately ngay lập tức

before sb’s time used for saying that sth trước thời của ai đó
happened or existed before
you were born or before you
lived or worked swh

for good permanently, without the mãi mãi và không quay lại
possibility of change in the
future

for the time being for now, at the present ngay bây giờ, hiện tại

from time to time sometimes, but not often đôi khi

in/for donkey’s years for a very long time một khoảng thời gian rất lâu

in the nick of time at the last possible moment ngay những giây phút cuối

once in a blue moon very rarely rất hiếm, rất lâu mới xảy ra một
lần.
on the spur of the moment abrupt, describe a decision, ngay lập tức mà không quan
action, etc that is sudden and tâm đến việc lên kế hoạch
done without any planning
7
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

the other day recently dạo gần đây, một vài ngày trước

7
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

Phrase / Collocation Meaniną Nąhĩa
ABOUT
about partly/mainly/all about used to indicate the main subject or một phần, chủ yếu
purpose of something

do sth about used to indicate taking action to làm gì đó để giải quyết một vấn đề

Chuyên Anh's little cor

solve or improve a situation

about time used to indicate that something đến lúc phải làm gì đó
should have happened sooner or is
overdue

about to do used to indicate that something is chuẩn bị làm gì đó trong tương

going to happen very soon lai gần

AGE
act your age used to tell someone to stop cư xử đúng đúng mực với lứa tuổi
behaving like someone who is much của của mình, thường được dùng để
younger chỉ trích ai đó cư xử như trẻ con hoặc
thiếu trưởng thành

(at/by/from) the age of used to indicate the time of life cho đến tuổi bao nhiȃu
when something happens or
changes

under age used to indicate that someone is too chưa đủ tuổi cho một trách
young to do something legally or nhiệm nào pháp lý nào đó
socially

school/working/etc age used to indicate the range of ages lứa tuổi học hành/làm việc
when people normally go to school,
work, etc

with age used to indicate a change or effect theo thời gian hoặc khi già dần
that happens as someone gets
older

age limit age limit: used to indicate the giới hạn độ tuổi cho một hoạt động
maximum or minimum age for doing nào đó
something or being part of a group

age bracket/group used to indicate a category of nhóm tuổi cho một nhóm người
people who have similar ages nào đó

(in the) Stone/Bronze/lron used to indicate a period of human trong thời kỳ đồ đá/đồ đồng/đồ sắt
Age history characterized by the use of
a certain material for making tools
and weapons

AGES

7
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

take/spend ages (doing) to use a lot of time doing something tốn nhiều thời gian để làm gì đó
or being somewhere

ages ago in the distant past; a long time ago cách đȗy rất lȗu

seem/feel like ages (since) to give the impression of being cảm giác cách đȗy rất lȗu kể từ
a very long time (since khi điều đó xảy ra
something happened or was
true)

Chuyên Anh's little cor

COURSE
run its course to develop and finish naturally kết thúc một cách tự nhiȃn sau một
thời gian nhất định

in/during the course of in the process of; while something is trong quá trình hoặc trong khi xảy ra
happening điều gì đó

in due course at the appropriate or expected time; vào thời điểm thích hợp
eventually

on a course following a particular direction; tham gia một chương trình trình học
enrolled in a program of tập hoặc huấn luyện về một chủ đề
study nào đó

course of action a plan or method of doing kế hoạch hoặc phương pháp để giải
something quyết một vấn đề hoặc đạt được một
mục tiȃu

DAY
make sb’s day to make someone very happy; to khiến ai đó rất vui hoặc hạnh phúc
give someone a very good bằng cách làm gì đó tốt tốt hoặc đặc
experience biệt cho họ

day by day gradually; as each day passes dần dần hoặc thường xuyȃn, từng
ngày một

from day to day without planning ahead; uncertainly không có kế hoạch hoặc không chắc
chắn về tương lai

any day now very soon; in the near future rất sớm, trong thời gian ngắn

in this day and age at the present time; in the modern trong tình hình hiện nay, trong thời
world gian hiện tại

day off a day when you do not have to ngày nghỉ, không làm việc
work or do something that you
normally do

day out a trip or excursion for pleasure or một chuyến đi chơi, đi đến một
entertainment nơi nào đó để giải trí hoặc thư
giãn trong một ngày

7
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

day trip a journey to a place and back một chuyến du lịch ngắn, đi đến một
again on the same day, usually for nơi nào đó và trở về trong cùng một
pleasure ngày

END
come to an end to stop; to finish kết thúc một cách tự nhiȃn hoặc dần
dần

Chuyên Anh's little cor

bring sth to an end to cause something to stop or finish làm cho điều gì đó kết thúc một cách
chủ động hoặc cố ý

put an end to to make something stop happening ngǔn chặn hoặc chấm dứt điều gì đó
or existing một cách quyết liệt liệt hoặc triệt để

at/by the (very) end (of) near or after the final part of o hoặc vào thời điểm cuối cùng ở
something một sự kiện, quá trình, hoặc
khoảng thời gian

no end in sight (to) no sign of something finishing or không có dấu hiệu nào cho thấy điều
stopping gì đó sẽ kết thúc hoặc giải quyết
được

at an end finished or completed đã kết thúc hoặc hoàn thành

(for) hours/weeks/etc on end continuously for a long period of liȃn tục trong một khoảng thời gian
time dài

in the end finally; after everything has been cuối cùng; sau khi xem xét tất cả
considered các khả nǔng hoặc lựa chọn

EVER

hardly ever almost never or very seldom gần như không bao giờ hoặc rất
hiếm khi

if ever used to emphasize a condition chỉ khi, nhấn mạnh sự khả nǔng thấp
or possibility, meaning at any của điều gì đó xảy ra
time, even if, or especially if

first/only/etc sth ever (to) emphasizing that something is the cái gì đó đầu tiȃn/duy nhất trong lịch
first, only, or another superlative sử,
of its kind in history or experience

bigger/better/etc than ever a way of saying that something is lớn hơn/tốt hơn bao giờ hết, nhấn
better, bigger, or another mạnh sự cải thiện hoặc tǔng trưởng
comparative than it has ever been của điều gì đó
before

as ever a way of saying that something is như thường lệ, không thay đổi hoặc
the same as it always has been không khác biệt
or as it was before

7
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

ever since a way of saying that something kể từ khi, liȃn tục hoặc không ngừng
has been happening continuously từ một thời điểm trong quá khứ cho
since a particular time in the past đến hiện tại

forever/for ever a way of saying that something mãi mãi, không có giới hạn hoặc
lasts or will last for a very long không có điểm kết thúc
time or for all time

HOURS

Chuyên Anh's little cor

keep regular/late hours perform activities every day at duy trì một lịch trình ổn định/ đến
regular or late times, especially muộn
getting up or going to bed

work long hours work for a period of time that is làm việc nhiều giờ, làm việc hơn
longer than the usual, regular, or số giờ bình thường
routine for a given activity

for hours (on end) for a very long time or continuously trong nhiều giờ liȃn tục

(during) school/working/etc during the time when a particular trong khoảng thời gian khi trường
hours activity, such as school or work, học/ công việc đang diễn ra hoặc mở
is normally done cửa

at/until all hours very late at night or until very late vào hoặc cho đến rất muộn trong
at night ngày hoặc đȃm

after hours after the normal time when a place sau khi giờ làm việc chính thức kết
is closed or an activity is finished thúc

out of hours outside the normal time when a ngoài giờ làm việc chính thức
place is open or an activity is done

JOB
get/find/take/do a job different ways of expressing the tìm kiếm, nhận, thực hiện, hoặc làm
action of obtaining or performing a một công việc nào đó
job

it’s a good job an expression that means “it’s may mắn, dùng để chỉ sự hài lòng
lucky” or “it’s fortunate” hoặc giải thoát khi điều gì đó tốt đẹp
hoặc mong muốn xảy ra

leave/lose your job different ways of expressing the từ bỏ hoặc mất công việc của mình
action of ending or losing a job

make/do a good/bad job of different ways of expressing the thực hiện một công việc gì đó một
quality of one’s work cách tốt hoặc tệ

make the best of a bad job an expression that means “to cope cố gắng giải quyết một tình huống
with a difficult or unpleasant xấu cách tốt nhất có thể
situation as well as possible”

7
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

have a job to do / doing different ways of expressing the có trách nhiệm hoặc nhiệm vụ
obligation or responsibility of doing phải hoàn thành, hoặc gặp khó
something khǔn trong công việc làm gì đó

sb’s job to do a way of expressing that something trách nhiệm hoặc nhiệm vụ của ai đó
is someone’s duty or role phải hoàn thành

out of a job an expression that means thất nghiệp

“unemployed” or “without a job”

Chuyên Anh's little cor

on the job an expression that means “at work” đang làm việc, đang thực hiện
or “while working” công việc của mình

job losses a term means “the number of sự mất việc của của nhiều người; sự
people who lose their jobs” or “the giảm số người lao động
reduction in the number of jobs
available”

MOMENT
take/be a moment to express the action of spending or mất một khoảng thời gian ngắn
needing a short period of time

just/wait a moment different ways of asking someone to chỉ một khoảng thời gian ngắn; được
pause or stop for a short period of dùng để yȃu cầu ai đó đợi hoặc để
time nhấn mạnh sự gấp gáp

any moment (now) an expression that means “very rất sớm, trong thời gian ngắn
soon” or “immediately”

at the moment an expression that means “now” or hiện tại, vào thời điểm này
“currently”

at this/that moment in time expressions that mean “now” or hiện tại/lúc đó, vào thời điểm này,
“then”, but they are more formal and vào thời điểm đó
emphatic

in a moment very soon, after a short time rất sớm, trong thời gian ngắn

the right moment (to/for) an expression that means “the best thời điểm thích hợp hoặc phù hợp để
or most suitable time (to/for) làm gì đó hoặc cho điều gì đó xảy ra
something”

the moment of truth a time when a person or thing is thời điểm quan trọng hoặc quyết
tested, a decision has to be made, định khi kết quả của một hành động
or a crisis has to be faced hoặc một sự kiện được biết đến
hoặc được kiểm tra

NEVER
you never know used to say that it is impossible to được dùng chỉ sự không chắc
be sure about what will happen chắn hoặc khả nǔng của điều gì đó
xảy ra

7
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

never again not at any time in the future không bao giờ nữa, được dùng để
chỉ sự quyết tȗm hoặc cam kết
không để điều gì đó xảy ra lần nữa

never mind used to tell someone not to worry đừng bận tȗm, được dùng để bày
about something because it is tỏ sự tha thứ hoặc bỏ qua khi ai đó
not important xin lỗi

never mind if/whether/etc used as a way of emphasizing that, được dùng để nói rằng điều gì

Chuyên Anh's little cor

although a particular thing is true, đó không ảnh hưởng đến quyết
the one you have just mentioned is định hoặc ý kiến của bạn
more important or interesting

never ever used especially in speech as a more dùng để nhấn mạnh sự phủ định
forceful way to say "never" hoặc cấm đoán của điều gì đó

never-ending having or seeming to have no end; không có điểm điểm kết thúc,
endless kéo dài mãi mãi

NOW
now is the time to an expression that means it is the đȗy là thời điểm tốt nhất, hoặc phù
best or most suitable moment to do hợp nhất để làm điều gì đó
something

from now on from this moment and continuing từ bȗy giờ và tiếp tục vào tương lai
into the future

for now for the present time, but not cho đến bȗy giờ, tạm thời
necessarily for the future

up to now until this moment or until a cho đến bȗy giờ hoặc cho đến
specified time in the past một thời điểm trong quá khứ

right now at this exact moment or very soon ngay bȗy giờ, vào thời điểm này

now that a conjunction that introduces a bởi vì, sau khi điều gì đó đã xảy ra
result or a consequence of
something that has happened

any day/moment/etc now very soon or in a short time rất sớm, trong thời gian ngắn

just now a very short time ago or in the vừa mới, vào thời điểm gần đȗy
immediate future

every now and then/again occasionally or sometimes thỉnh thoảng, đôi khi

nowadays in the present time or in the current trong thời đại hiện nay, ngày nay
situation

OFFICE
take office to start working in an official nhậm chức, bắt đầu làm việc trong
position or job, especially after một vị trí hoặc công việc chính thức,
being elected or appointed

7
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

đặc biệt sau khi được bầu cử hoặc

bổ nhiệm

run for office to compete in an election for a tranh cử, tham gia vào một cuộc
position or job in the government bầu cử cho một vị trí hoặc công
việc trong chính phủ

public office a position or job in the government chức vụ công, một vị trí hoặc công
that is held by someone who is việc trong chính phủ được giữ bởi

Chuyên Anh's little cor

elected or appointed ai đó được bầu cử hoặc bổ nhiệm

head office the main office or headquarters of a trụ sở chính, vǔn phòng chính
company or organization của một công ty hoặc tổ chức

office holder someone who has been appointed người giữ chức, ai đó được bổ
to a position by a company or nhiệm vào một vị trí bởi một công ty
organization but does not have a hoặc tổ chức nhưng không có hợp
contract or receive regular payment đồng hoặc nhận lương thường
xuyȃn

office block a large building that contains many tòa nhà vǔn phòng; một tòa nhà
offices, usually for different lớn chứa nhiều vǔn phòng, thường
companies or organizations cho các công ty hoặc tổ chức khác
nhau

office hours the time during the day when giờ làm việc; thời gian trong ngày
people work in an office, or when khi người ta làm việc trong vǔn
an office is open to the public phòng, hoặc khi vǔn phòng mở cửa
cho công chúng

office party a social event or celebration for the tiệc vǔn phòng; một sự kiện xã hội
people who work in an office, hoặc lễ kỷ niệm cho những người
usually held at the end of the year làm việc trong vǔn phòng, thường
or for a special occasion được tổ chức vào cuối nǔm hoặc
cho một dịp đặc biệt

ON
on time punctual; at the scheduled or đúng giờ; vào hoặc trước thời
expected time gian đã lȃn lịch hoặc mong đợi

on and on continuously; without stopping liȃn tục; không ngừng

on end for a long period of time without liȃn tục trong một khoảng thời gian
interruption dài

from now/that moment/then starting from the present or a bắt đầu từ bȗy giờ hoặc từ một
on specified point in time and thời điểm nhất định trong quá khứ
continuing into the future và tiếp tục vào tương lai

You’re on! an expression used to accept a cụm từ có nghĩa là bạn đồng ý; được
challenge or a bet dùng để chấp nhận một thách thức
hoặc một cái cược

SECOND

7
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

give/take sb a second to do allow or require someone a very cho phép hoặc yȃu cầu ai đó một
short amount of time to do khoảng thời gian rất ngắn để làm
something gì đó

in a second very soon; almost immediately rất sớm; gần như ngay lập tức

Chuyên Anh's little cor

within seconds

seconds later
in a very short time; very quickly

after a very short time; very soon

trong một khoảng thời gian rất
ngắn; rất nhanh

sau một khoảng thời gian rất ngắn;

rất sớm

a split second an extremely brief moment of time một khoảng thời gian cực kỳ ngắn;
một phần nhỏ của một giȗy

START
have/make a to begin something in a positive or bắt đầu điều gì đó một cách tốt hoặc
good/fine/bad/etc start negative way xấu

get off to a to begin something very well or bắt đầu điều gì đó rất tốt hoặc rất
good/flying/head/bad/etc very badly xấu
start

make a start (on/at) to begin doing something or bắt đầu làm gì đó hoặc làm việc trȃn
working on something điều gì đó

(right) from the start since the beginning or very early kể từ khi bắt đầu hoặc rất sớm

for a start as the first of several reasons or đầu tiȃn; là lý do hoặc lập luận đầu
arguments tiȃn trong nhiều lý do hoặc lập luận

(at/from the) start of at or from the beginning of o hoặc từ khi bắt đầu của một
something sự kiện, quá trình, hoặc khoảng
thời gian

get (sth) started to cause something to begin or to gȗy ra hoặc giúp ai đó bắt đầu
help someone begin something điều gì đó

TERM
in the long/short term over a long or short period of time in trong một khoảng thời gian dài hoặc
the future ngắn trong tương lai

end of term the time when a school term thời điểm kết thúc của một kỳ học
finishes

term of/in office the period of time that someone thời gian giữ chức vụ của ai đó, đặc
holds an official position or job, biệt là trong chính phủ
especially in the government

7
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

term time the period of time when schools are thời gian khi trường học mở cửa và
open and students have to attend học sinh phải đi học
classes

prison/jail term the length of time that someone has thời gian phải ngồi tù của ai đó vì
to spend in prison as a punishment phạm tội
for a crime

fixed term lasting for a specific and limited cố định thời hạn; chỉ kéo dài trong

Chuyên Anh's little cor

period of time một khoảng thời gian nhất định và
giới hạn

long-/short-term lasting for a long or short period of kéo dài trong một khoảng thời gian
time dài hoặc ngắn

TIME
pass the time to do something to keep oneself giết thời gian; làm gì đó để giải
busy or entertained during a period trí hoặc không nhàm chán trong
of spare time một khoảng thời gian rảnh rỗi

spend time to use one’s time doing something dành thời gian; sử dụng thời gian
or being with someone của mình để làm gì đó hoặc ở bȃn
ai đó

make time to find or create an opportunity to dành thời gian; tạo ra hoặc sắp
do something, especially when one xếp thời gian để làm gì đó quan
is busy trọng hoặc mong muốn

find the time to manage to do something, tìm thời gian; tìm ra hoặc có thời
especially when one is busy gian để làm gì đó khó hoặc bận rộn

take time to use a certain amount of time to tốn thời gian; mất một khoảng thời
do something, or to allow oneself gian nhất định để hoàn thành điều gì
enough time to do something well đó

in/on time punctual; at or before the scheduled đúng giờ; vào hoặc trước thời
or expected time gian đã lȃn lịch hoặc mong đợi

by the time before a certain point in time; when vào lúc; chỉ thời điểm khi điều gì
or before something else happens đó đã xảy ra hoặc sẽ xảy ra

time after time repeatedly; again and again nhiều lần; lặp đi lặp lại trong một
khoảng thời gian dài

part-time for only part of the usual working bán thời gian; chỉ công việc hoặc
day or week học tập chỉ chiếm một phần nhỏ
của thời gian bình thường hoặc
mong đợi

full-time for the whole of the usual working toàn thời gian; chỉ công việc hoặc
day or week học tập chiếm hết thời gian bình
thường hoặc mong đợi

8
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

time frame a period of time during which khung thời gian; chỉ khoảng thời gian
something happens or is planned to được lȃn lịch hoặc quy định cho việc
happen hoàn thành điều gì đó

time limit a fixed amount of time within which giới hạn thời gian; chỉ thời gian tối
something must be done or đa được phép hoặc cho phép để
completed làm gì đó

WORK

Chuyên Anh's little cor

work on/in/with/as/at/for - work on: spend time and effort làm việc cho điều gì đó hoặc ai đó,
repairing, improving, or có thể được dùng để chỉ công việc
completing something việc, sở thích, hoặc mục tiȃu của
- work in: to have a job in một người
a particular place or field
- work with: to cooperate or
collaborate with someone or
something
- work as: to have a
particular role or occupation
- work at: to try hard to improve
or achieve something, or to
have a job at a specific
location
- work for: to be employed by
someone or something, or
to do something for
someone’s benefit

work like magic an idiom that means to be very hoạt động rất hiệu quả hoặc tuyệt
effective or successful in achieving vời; được dùng để chỉ điều gì đó
something có kết quả tốt hoặc mong đợi

work both ways an expression that means to have có lợi hoặc bất lợi cho cả hai bȃn;
advantages and disadvantages for được dùng để chỉ một tình huống
both sides, or to affect both sides hoặc một nguyȃn tắc có ảnh hưởng
equally đến cả hai bȃn liȃn quan

work a treat an informal phrase that means to be hoạt động rất tốt hoặc hiệu quả;
very effective or successful in được dùng để chỉ điều gì đó có kết
achieving something It is similar to quả mong muốn hoặc hài lòng
work like magic, but more colloquial

work wonders an idiom that means to have a very có hiệu quả phi thường hoặc kỳ diệu;
positive effect on something or được dùng để chỉ điều gì đó có kết
someone quả tuyệt vời hoặc bất ngờ

work your way an expression that means to make tiến lȃn hoặc tiến bộ theo một
progress gradually or with difficulty hướng nào đó; được dùng để chỉ
towards a goal or destination sự nỗ lực hoặc sự kiȃn trì của một
người để đạt được điều gì đó

YEAR

8
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

years of age a phrase that means how old tuổi; được dùng để chỉ số tuổi
someone is của một người

years old a phrase that means how old tuổi; được dùng để chỉ số tuổi
someone is của một người hoặc một vật

year on year an adverb that means compared hàng nǔm; được dùng để chỉ sự
with the same period of time in the so sánh giữa hai nǔm liȃn tiếp về
previous year, which is usually một số liệu nào đó

h's little
used in business or finance
contexts

for years an expression that means for a very trong nhiều nǔm; được dùng để

corner
long time chỉ một khoảng thời gian dài trong
quá khứ hoặc tương lai

not/never in a million years an idiom that means not ever; không bao giờ; được dùng để
absolutely not It is used to nhấn mạnh sự phủ định hoặc sự
emphasize a strong refusal or denial không chắc chắn của điều gì đó

leap year a noun that means a year that has nǔm nhuận, được dùng để chỉ
366 days instead of 365 days một nǔm có 366 ngày thay thay vì
because February has 29 days 365 ngày
instead of 28 days, which happens
every four years

WORD FORMATION:

n
Chuyên A
Word Cate Meaniną
ANTIQUE
Nąhĩa

antiquity n - The ancient past, especially - thời cổ đại

the times preceding the Middle
Ages.
- The quality of being ancient - mang tính chất cổ đại
or very old.

antiquated adj Outdated or no longer in use, cổ lỗ sĩ

typically referring to ideas,
technologies, or practices that
have become obsolete over time.

APPLY
reapply v To submit an application or request nộp lại đơn
again, often in the context of
seeking approval, admission, or
employment, after an initial attempt.

misapply v To use or apply something áp dụng sai

incorrectly or inappropriately, often

8
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

resulting in unintended
consequences or errors.

applicant adj An individual who submits a formal người nộp đơn

request or applies for a position,
opportunity, program, or
permission.

application n The formal submission of a request, đơn xin, sự áp dụng

Chuyên Anh's little cor

typically in written form, to be
considered for a specific position,
opportunity, program, or
permission.

(in)applicability n The quality of being relevant or (không) khả dụng

irrelevant to a particular situation or
context.

(in)applicable adj Relevant or irrelevant to a particular (không) áp dụng được

situation or context.

(mis)applied adj Used or implemented correctly or (áp dụng sai) đã được áp dụng
incorrectly, often referring to the
appropriate or inappropriate
application of principles, methods,
or solutions.

COMPETE
competition n The act of striving against others for sự cạnh tranh
a common goal, such as a prize,
recognition, or market share.

competitor n An individual, group, or entity that đối thủ cạnh tranh

competes with others for a common
goal or limited resources.

competitiveness⭐ n The ability or quality of being able tính cạnh tranh

to compete effectively in a given
situation, often measured by
factors such as skills, innovation,
and efficiency.

(un)competitive adj Having or lacking the ability to (không) cạnh tranh

compete effectively in
comparison to others.

(un)competitively adv In a manner that is either một cách (không) cạnh tranh
characterized by competitiveness or
lacking competitiveness.

EMPLOY
(un)employment n The state of being employed or not (thất nghiệp) việc làm
having a job, often used to describe
the workforce's availability for work.

8
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

underemployment n The condition of being employed at việc làm không đủ

a job that does not fully utilize one's
skills, qualifications, or potential.

employer n A person, business, or organization người sử dụng lao động

that hires and pays individuals to
perform work or provide services.

employee n An individual who is hired by an nhȗn viȃn

Chuyên Anh's little cor

employer to perform work or
provide services in exchange for
compensation.

(un)employed adj Having or lacking employment, (thất nghiệp) có việc làm

employed or without a job.

underemployed adj Employed at a job that does not làm việc không đủ giờ
fully utilize one's skills,
qualifications, or potential.

unemployable adj Not possessing the skills, không thể thuȃ làm việc
qualifications, or attributes
necessary to be successfully
employed.

END
ending n The point at which something sự kết thúc
concludes or ceases to exist.

unending adj Continuing indefinitely without a không có kết thúc

conclusion; endless.

endless(ly) adj,adv Without a discernible end, in a bất tận

manner that goes on perpetually or
seemingly without limit.

EVENT
eventuality n A possible outcome or occurrence, tình huống có thể xảy ra
especially one that is anticipated or
foreseen but not certain to happen.

(un)eventful⭐ adj Characterized by the presence or (không) có sự kiện quan trọng/ đáng
absence of significant or noteworthy nhớ
occurrences; having or lacking
excitement or activity.

eventual(ly) adj, Referring to something that will cuối cùng, rốt cuộc
adv happen in the future or is expected
to occur after a period of time.

EXPECT

8
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

expectation n The anticipation or belief that a sự mong đợi

particular event or outcome will
occur in the future, often based on
previous experiences or
circumstances.

expectancy⭐ n The state of expecting or looking tuổi thọ trung bình, sự mong chờ
forward to a particular event or
outcome; the anticipation of

Chuyên Anh's little cor

something happening.

expectant(ly) adj,adv In a state of eager anticipation or đầy mong đợi

looking forward to something, often
with hope or excitement.

(un)expected(ly) adj, Happening or occurring with or (không) mong đợi

adv without anticipation; surprising or
not anticipated.

FUTURE
futurist n A person who studies or predicts người theo thuyết vị lai
future trends, developments, and
events, often in the fields of
technology, society, or culture.

futuristic⭐ adj Characterized by or suggestive of thuộc về tương lai

a vision of the future, often
incorporating advanced or
innovative elements.

futuristically adv In a manner that relates to or theo cách của tương lai
resembles the characteristics of the
future, often with a focus on
advanced or imaginative concepts.

HISTORY
historian adj A person who studies and writes nhà sử học
about historical events, periods,
and figures.

historic⭐ adj Pertaining to events or occurrences mang tính lịch sử

of great significance in history.

historical⭐ adj Relating to, concerning, or of the thuộc về lịch sử

nature of history; based on or
representing events in the past.

historically adv In a manner that is related to or về mặt lịch sử

describes events, developments, or
conditions from the past.

INCIDENT

8
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

incidence n The occurrence, rate, or frequency về mặt lịch sử

of something, often used in the
context of events, phenomena, or
diseases.

coincidence⭐ n The occurrence of events or sự trùng hợp

circumstances that happen at the
same time by accident but seem to
have some connection.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

incidental

incidentally
adj

adv
Happening as a minor consequence
or byproduct; not essential or
central to the main purpose.

By the way, as a side note, or

ngẫu nhiȃn

một cách ngẫu nhiȃn

in addition to what was
previously mentioned.

coincidental adj Happening by coincidence or trùng hợp ngẫu nhiȃn

chance, often with a
perceived connection
between the occurrences.

coincidentally adv Occurring at the same time or by một cách trùng hợp
chance, often with a sense of
unexpected connection.

JOB
jobbing n The act or process of doing small, làm việc vặt, làm việc tạm thời
occasional jobs or tasks, often
without long-term commitment or
specialization.

jobless adj Without a job or employment; thất nghiệp

unemployed.

LAST
outlast⭐ v To endure or survive for a longer tồn tại lȗu hơn
period than something else.

lasting adj Enduring over time; having a bền vững

continuing effect or existence.

everlasting⭐ adj Existing or continuing without end; vĩnh cửu

eternal or perpetual.

lastly adv Finally, in the last place, or as the cuối cùng

final point in a series or discussion.

MANAGE
mismanage v To handle or control (something) quản lý kém
poorly or ineffectively, resulting in

8
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

negative outcomes, inefficiency, or

misdirection.

manager n A person responsible for planning, người quản lý

organizing, and coordinating
activities and resources within an
organization or a specific
department to achieve specified
goals.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

manageress

(mis)management
n

n
A female manager, often used in a
less common or traditional context.

The act or process of organizing,

controlling, and directing
nữ quản lý

sự (quản lý kém) quản lý

resources or activities, often with

the implication of doing so poorly
or ineffectively.

(un)manageable adj Capable or not capable of being (không) có thể quản lý được
effectively managed or controlled;
difficult to handle or govern.

mismanaged⭐ adj Handled or controlled poorly or bị quản lý kém

ineffectively, often resulting in
negative consequences.

managerial⭐ adj Relating to the activities, thuộc về quản lý

responsibilities, or skills of a
manager.

managing adj The act of overseeing and quản lý

controlling the activities, resources,
or people within an organization or
project to achieve specific
objectives.

MOMENT
momentous adj Of great importance or quan trọng
significance; having a major impact
on events, decisions, or outcomes.

momentary adj Lasting for a very brief moment in tạm thời

time; fleeting.

momentarily adv For a brief moment or short period một cách tạm thời
of time.

PERIOD
periodical adj A publication issued at regular định kỳ
intervals, such as a magazine or
journal.

8
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

periodically adv At regular intervals or from time to một cách định kỳ

time; not continuously.

PRODUCE
producer n A person, company, or entity nhà sản xuất
involved in the creation and
development of goods, services, or
other commodities.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

product n Something produced as a result of sản phẩm
a process or activity; a tangible
output or outcome.

productivity⭐ n The measure of efficiency and nǔng suất

effectiveness in the production of
goods, services, or other outputs.

production n The process of creating, sự sản xuất

manufacturing, or generating
goods, services, or other outputs.

counterproductive adj Tending to hinder or act against the phản tác dụng
⭐ achievement of a desired result;
having an adverse effect on
productivity or goals.

(un)productive(ly)⭐ adj, Characterized by the ability or (không) nǔng suất

adv inability to produce desired results
or outcomes.

TIME
mistime v To time (an action, event, etc.) tính sai thời gian
incorrectly or inappropriately.

timer n A device or person that measures bộ đếm thời gian

and indicates the passage of time or
sets a specific time for an activity.

timing n The choice, control, or sự cǔn thời gian

measurement of when something is
done or occurs.

overtime adv, n Time worked beyond the regular or làm thȃm giờ
standard working hours, often
resulting in additional pay.

timetable n A schedule or plan that indicates thời gian biểu

the timing and sequence of events
or activities.

8
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

timelessness n The quality of being not affected by sự không bị ảnh hưởng bởi thời gian
the passage of time; eternal or
enduring.

(un)timely⭐ adj Happening at an appropriate or (không) đúng lúc/ xảy ra vào thời
inappropriate time; well-timed or điểm quá sớm
ill-timed.

timeless(ly) adj, In a manner that is not subject to vĩnh cửu, không bị ảnh hưởng bởi

Chuyên Anh's little cor

adv the constraints of time; enduringly thời gian
or eternally.

WORK
rework v To revise, alter, or redo something, làm lại
especially work or a project, often to
improve or correct it.

overwork v To work excessively or beyond làm việc quá sức

a reasonable or healthy limit.

worker n A person who is employed to công nhȗn, người lao động

perform tasks or duties in
exchange for payment.

works n The activities or operations involved công việc

in a particular process or production.

reworking n The act of revising, altering, or việc làm lại

redoing something, often to improve
or correct it.

workplace n The location where one's nơi làm việc

employment or work is carried out.

overworked adj Exhausted or burdened with too làm việc quá sức
much work or too many tasks.

working adj Engaged in work or employment; công việc, làm việc

the act of performing tasks for pay.

(un)workable adj Capable or not capable of being put (không) có thể làm được
into effective operation or practice.

8
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

Unit 8: MOMENT & TRANSPORT

TOPIC VOCABULARY:
Vocab Cate Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. accelerate, dash
accelerate v to speed up or tǔng tốc The car began to

Chuyên Anh's little cor

increase in velocity accelerate as it entered
the highway.

dash v to move quickly or lao nhanh He dashed across the

suddenly street to catch the bus.

2. creep, crawl, roll

creep v to move slowly and rón rén She crept downstairs to
quietly in order to avoid avoid waking anyone
being noticed up.

crawl v to move on hands and bò The baby started to

knees or in a slow, crawl at six months.
dragging manner

roll v to move or cause lǔn The ball rolled down the

something to move by hill.
turning over and over

3. ascend, clamber
ascend v to move upward or leo lȃn They began to ascend
climb the steep mountain.

clamber v to climb awkwardly or leo trò khó khǔn She clambered over the
with difficulty rocks to reach the top.

4. descend, sink
descend v to move downward or hạ xuống The plane began to
lower in position descend as it
approached the
airport.

sink v to go down below the chìm The boat began to

surface of something, sink after hitting the
especially water iceberg.

5. clench, clutch, ąrab, ąrasp

clench (a fist) v to close nắm chặt He clenched his fists in
tightly, anger.
especially a fist

9
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

clutch v to hold onto something nắm chặt, giữ chặt She clutched her purse
tightly with the hand tightly as she walked
through the crowd.

grab v to take hold of chộp lấy, bắt lấy He grabbed his coat and
something quickly and rushed out the door.
roughly

grasp v to seize and hold nắm bắt chặt She grasped the

Chuyên Anh's little cor

something firmly handle to keep her
balance.
6. point, ąesture, wave
point v to direct attention by chỉ tay, chỉ điểm He pointed to the sign
indicating with a finger across the street.

gesture v a movement of the cử chỉ, điệu bộ He made a gesture to

body, especially the signal that it was time to
hands, to express an leave.
idea or feeling

wave v to move one’s hand vẫy tay She waved goodbye as

back and forth as a the train left the station.
greeting or signal

7. slide, slip, trip, skid

slide v to move smoothly along trượt The children were
a surface while sliding down the hill.
maintaining continuous
contact

slip v to lose one's footing and trượt chȗn The children were
slide unintentionally sliding down the hill.

trip v to catch one's foot on vấp ngã She tripped over the
something and stumble curb while running.
or fall

skid v to slide uncontrollably trượt xe, mất lái The car skidded on the
on a slippery surface icy road.

8. roam, wander
roam v to move about or travel đi lang thang They roamed the
aimlessly countryside in search
of adventure.

wander v to walk or move in a đi dạo, lang thang She wandered through

leisurely, aimless the park without any
way destination.

9. drift, ąlide, float

9
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

drift v to be carried slowly by a trôi The boat drifted along

current of air or water the river.

glide v to move smoothly and lướt The skater glided across

effortlessly the ice.

float v to rest or move on the nổi The leaves floated on

surface of a liquid the surface of the pond.
without sinking

Chuyên Anh's little cor

10. bounce, leap, hop, skip
bounce v to move quickly back nảy lȃn The ball bounced off the
after hitting a surface wall.

leap v to jump a long way or nhảy vọt The cat leaped onto the
with great force fence.

hop v to jump on one foot or to nhảy lò cò The children were

make small jumps hopping around the
playground.

skip v to move in a light, nhảy chȗn sáo, nhảy nhót She skipped
playful way, often vì vui mừng happily down the
hopping from one foot street.
to the other

11. emiąrate, immiąrant, miąrate, refuąee

emigrate v to leave one’s country to di cư Many people emigrated
live in another to the US in the 19th
century.

immigrant n a person who moves to người nhập cư The city has a large
another country to live population of
permanently immigrants.

migrate v to move from one di cư (tạm thời) Birds migrate south for
region or country to the winter.
settle in another, often
seasonally

refugee n a person forced to người tị nạn Refugees fled the

leave their country to war-torn country in
escape danger or search of safety.
persecution
12. march, stride
march v to walk in a deliberate or diễu hành The soldiers marched
organized manner, often in perfect formation
as part of a group during the parade.

stride v to walk with long, bước dài He strode across the

decisive steps in a room to greet his friend.
particular direction

9
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

13. airline, carriaąe, charter

airline n a company that provides hãng hàng không She booked a flight with
regular flights for a well-known airline for
passengers her trip to Europe.

carriage n a vehicle with wheels, toa xe, xe ngựa We found our seats in
often pulled by horses, the first-class carriage of
or a part of a train the train.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

where passengers sit

charter v to hire a plane, boat, or thuȃ bao (máy bay, tàu They chartered a
vehicle for a specific trip thuyền) để di chuyển private plane for their
holiday.
14. carąo, load
cargo n goods carried on a hàng hóa (trȃn tàu, xe) The ship was loaded
ship, aircraft, or motor with valuable cargo
vehicle destined for Europe.

load n a large amount of hàng, tải trọng The truck was carrying a
goods carried or heavy load of
transported at one time construction materials.

15. return fare, round trip

return fare n phr the cost of a journey to a vé khứ hồi The return fare to
place and back again London was more
expensive than I
expected.

round trip n phr a journey to a place and chuyến đi khứ hồi The round trip to New
back to the starting York took eight hours.
point

16. hiker, hitchhiker, pedestrian, passerby

hiker n a person who walks người đi bộ đường dài The hiker set out early
long distances, to reach the mountain
especially in the peak before sunset.
countryside

hitchhiker n a person who travels by người quá giang, đi nhờ xe They picked up a
getting free rides from hitchhiker on their way to
passing vehicles the city.

pedestrain n a person walking rather người đi bộ Pedestrians should use

than traveling in a the crosswalk when
vehicle crossing the street.

passerby n a person who happens người qua đường A passerby stopped to

to be going past help after the accident.
something, especially
on foot

9
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

17. pier, quay

pier n a structure built out from bến tàu, cầu tàu We walked along the
the shore into the water, pier to watch the boats.
used as a landing place
for boats

quay n a platform lying bến cảng The ship was docked at

alongside or projecting the quay for loading.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

into water for loading
and unloading ships

18. commute, steer

commute v to travel regularly đi lại thường xuyȃn She commutes to the
between home and (giữa nơi ở và nơi làm city every day by train.
work or school việc)

steer v to control the direction in lái, điều khiển He carefully steered the
which a vehicle is car through the narrow
moving streets.

19. Other words

punch v to press a button or key, nhấn nút He punched the
especially to operate a numbers into the
machine calculator.

fumble v to use the hands loay hoay, lóng ngóng She fumbled with her
clumsily while doing or keys, trying to open the
handling something door.

approach v to come near or nearer tiếp cận, đến gần The plane began to
to something or approach the runway.
someone in distance or
time

flow v to move in a continuous chảy The river flowed gently

and smooth way through the valley.

route n a way or course taken in lộ trình They took the

getting from a starting scenic route to
point to a destination avoid traffic.

rotate v to turn or cause quay, xoay The Earth rotates on its

something to turn axis once every 24
around a central point hours.

legroom n the amount of space chỗ để chȗn The first-class seats had
available for your legs in plenty of legroom.
front of a seat

9
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

destination n the place to which điểm đến Our final destination is

someone or Paris.
something is going or
being sent

pilot n a person who operates phi công The pilot safely landed
the controls of an aircraft the plane in difficult
weather conditions.

Chuyên Anh's little co

steward n a person who looks after tiếp viȃn The steward served
passengers on a ship, drinks to the
aircraft, or train. passengers during the
flight.

PHRASAL VERBS:

cordon off r
Phrasal verb Meaniną
stop people from entering an area by
putting sth such as a rope around it
Nąhĩa
phong tỏa (do người/tổ chức có
thẩm quyền thực hiện)

creep up on move towards sb quietly and slowly, đến gần ai đó chậm rãi, nhẹ nhàng
especially because you want to để gȗy bất ngờ
surprise them

fall behind - move more slowly than - bị bỏ xa(về khoảng cách địa lý)
other people so that you are
behind them
- make less progress or be - bị tụt hậu(về trình độ)
less successful than other
people who are doing a
similar job or activity

go astray become lost or go to the wrong place đi lạc, lạc đường

head off - prevent sb from going swh by - vượt lȃn ai đó để không cho
getting in front of them họ tới đȗu đó
- prevent sth from taking place - ngǔn cản việc gì diễn ra

hold back stop sb or sth from moving forwards ngǔn cản, kìm chế (ai/việc gì)

move in (with) start living in a different house or flat chuyển đến nhà/cǔn hộ mới (với
(with) ai đó)

move on - leave one place and travel - rời khỏi một nơi để đi đến
to another nơi khác
- stop discussing or doing sth
and begin discussing or doing - ngừng thảo luận hay làm
sth different việc gì để bắt đầu thảo
luận/làm việc khác

move out permanently leave the house or flat rời hẳn khỏi cǔn nhà/cǔn hộ mình
where you live or the place where đang sống hay nơi mà mình lập
you have your business nghiệp

9
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

pull over stop by the side of the road in a car dừng xe bȃn đường
or other vehicle

slip away leave secretly rời đi một cách im lặng

step aside - move so that sb can pass you - nhường chỗ/đường cho ai đó
- leave a job so that sb else - nhường công việc lại cho ai đó
can take over

h's little
stop off visit swh before continuing to dừng chȗn lại nơi nào đó trong khi
another place đang đi đến đȗu

tip up - (of an object) have one end - lật ngược lại (đồ vật)
move upwards, especially

corner
because sth heavy has been
put at the other end
- turn a container upside down so - lập thứ gì đó lại để đồ vật
that the things inside it come out bȃn trong đổ ra

walk out - leave a meeting, performance, - rời khỏi buổi họp, buổi
etc before the end, usually diễn, thường là do tức
because you are angry or giận hoặc chán
bored
- suddenly leave a - đột ngột rời khỏi một mối
relationship, your family, your quan hệ, gia đình, công việc
job, etc

IDIOMS:

n
Chuyên A
cordon off
Idiom Meaniną
stop people from entering an area
by putting sth such as a rope
Nąhĩa
phong tỏa (do người/tổ chức có thẩm
quyền thực hiện)
around it

creep up on move towards sb quietly and đến gần ai đó chậm rãi, nhẹ nhàng
slowly, especially because để gȗy bất ngờ
you want to surprise them

fall behind - move more slowly than - bị bỏ xa(về khoảng cách địa lý)
other people so that you are
behind them
- make less progress or be - bị tụt hậu(về trình độ)
less successful than other
people who are doing a
similar job or activity

go astray become lost or go to the wrong đi lạc, lạc đường

place

head off - prevent sb from going swh by - vượt lȃn ai đó để không cho
getting in front of them họ tới đȗu đó
- prevent sth from taking place - ngǔn cản việc gì diễn ra

9
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

hold back stop sb or sth from moving ngǔn cản, kìm chế (ai/việc gì)
forwards

move in (with) start living in a different house or chuyển đến nhà/cǔn hộ mới (với
flat (with) ai đó)

move on - leave one place and travel - rời khỏi một nơi để đi đến
to another nơi khác
- stop discussing or doing sth - ngừng thảo luận hay làm

Chuyên Anh's little cor

and begin discussing or việc gì để bắt đầu thảo
doing sth different luận/làm việc khác

move out permanently leave the house or flat rời hẳn khỏi cǔn nhà/cǔn hộ mình
where you live or the place where đang sống hay nơi mà mình lập
you have your business nghiệp

pull over stop by the side of the road in a dừng xe bȃn đường
car or other vehicle

slip away leave secretly rời đi một cách im lặng

step aside - move so that sb can pass you - nhường chỗ/đường cho ai đó
- leave a job so that sb else - nhường công việc lại cho ai đó
can take over

stop off visit swh before continuing to dừng chȗn lại nơi nào đó trong khi
another place đang đi đến đȗu

tip up - (of an object) have one end - lật ngược lại (đồ vật)
move upwards, especially
because sth heavy has
been put at the other end
- turn a container upside - lập thứ gì đó lại để đồ vật
down so that the things bȃn trong đổ ra
inside it come out

walk out - leave a meeting, - rời khỏi buổi họp, buổi

performance, etc before the diễn, thường là do tức
end, usually because you are giận hoặc chán
angry or bored - đột ngột rời khỏi một mối
- suddenly leave a quan hệ, gia đình, công việc
relationship, your family, your
job, etc

PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

Idioms Meaniną Nąhĩa
BACK
back into to accidentally move a vehicle in va vào cái gì đó (di chuyển xe lùi
reverse and make contact with or và va phải vào cái gì đó một cách
enter something tình cờ)

9
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

back onto sth to have the back of an object or hướng phía sau về cái gì đó (đối
structure facing or adjoining diện hoặc gần với một cái gì đó)
something else

back sb (to do) to support or endorse someone's ủng hộ ai đó (trong việc thực
ability or willingness to accomplish hiện một nhiệm vụ hoặc mục
a task or goal tiȃu)

COME

Chuyên Anh's little cor

come to a reach a final judgment or choice đưa ra kết luận/quyết định cuối cùng
conclusion/decision/etc

come to power assume a position of authority or nắm quyền lãnh đạo

leadership

come into view become visible or noticeable trở nȃn rõ ràng hoặc dễ thấy

come as a shock/etc be surprising or unexpected đến một cách bất ngờ hoặc
không mong đợi

come to do sth begin or start to do something bắt đầu thực hiện một hành động

come true become a reality or happen as trở thành sự thật hoặc xảy ra như dự
predicted đoán

DRIVE
drive (your point) home to emphasize or make something để nhấn mạnh hoặc làm cho điều
very clear and understandable, gì đó trở nȃn rõ ràng và dễ hiểu,
often through repeated or forceful thường thông qua việc truyền đạt
communication lặp đi lặp lại hoặc mạnh mẽ

drive sb mad/crazy to cause someone to become làm ai đó tức điȃn: Có nghĩa là

extremely frustrated, annoyed, or khiến ai đó trở nȃn rất bực bội,
irritated phiền muộn hoặc khó chịu

drive sb to do sth to push or motivate someone to thúc đẩy hoặc động viȃn ai đó
take a specific action, often thực hiện một hành động cụ thể,
because of external pressure or thường là do áp lực hoặc tình
circumstances huống bȃn ngoài

drive at sth to suggest or hint at a particular gợi ý hoặc nhấn mạnh một ý
idea or point without directly stating kiến hoặc điểm cụ thể mà không
it trình bày trực tiếp

DROP
drop sth off sth place something onto or into đặt cái gì đó lȃn hoặc vào cái gì
something else, typically briefly and khác, thường là một cách tạm thời
with the intention of leaving it there và với ý định để lại ở đó

drop sth into/onto sth put something inside or on top of đặt cái gì đó vào trong hoặc lȃn trȃn
something else, often without force cái gì đó khác, thường không sử
dụng lực mạnh

9
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

drop sb at give someone a ride or transport đưa ai đó đến một địa điểm cụ thể
them to a specific location and leave và để họ ở đó
them there

drop a hint indirectly suggest or mention gợi ý một cách gián tiếp hoặc đề
something without explicitly cập đến một điều gì đó mà không
stating it nói trực tiếp

drop/crop sb (from a team) remove or exclude someone from loại bỏ hoặc loại trừ ai đó khỏi một

Chuyên Anh's little cor

a team or group đội hoặc nhóm

FALL
fall ill become sick or unwell bị ốm hoặc không khỏe

fall into (a category) belong or be classified within a thuộc về hoặc được phȗn loại trong
particular group or type một nhóm hoặc loại cụ thể

fall in love develop strong romantic feelings for phát triển tình cảm tình yȃu
someone mạnh mẽ đối với ai đó

fall into place things or plans start to make sense mọi thứ hoặc kế hoạch bắt đầu trở
or work out smoothly nȃn hợp lý hoặc diễn ra một cách
mượt mà

fall short fail to meet expectations or không đạt đáng kỳ vọng hoặc tiȃu
standards chuẩn

fall to pieces break down or deteriorate rơi vào trạng thái hỏng hoặc suy
completely, often emotionally or giảm hoàn toàn, thường là về
mentally mặt tinh thần hoặc tȗm lý

FLY
fly a flag/kite to launch and control a flag or kite thả diều
in the air, often for decorative or
recreational purposes

fly by to pass quickly or swiftly, often used di chuyển nhanh qua, thường

when something or someone dùng khi điều gì đó hoặc ai đó di
moves past without stopping chuyển qua mà không dừng lại

fly open to suddenly and unexpectedly mở tung ra

open, such as a door or a piece of
clothing, often due to force or
pressure

fly at to attack or approach something or tấn công hoặc tiến lại gần một thứ
someone aggressively and with gì đó hoặc ai đó một cách mạnh mẽ
speed, typically used in a figurative và nhanh chóng
sense

FOLLOW
follow sb’s argument/etc to understand and agree with the hiểu và đồng tình với các điểm
points or reasoning that someone is hoặc lý do mà ai đó trình bày trong
một
9
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

presenting in a discussion, speech, cuộc thảo luận, bài diễn thuyết hoặc
or writing vǔn bản

follow suit to imitate or do the same thing that bắt chước hoặc làm điều tương tự
someone else has done, especially như người khác đã làm, đặc biệt
when it is a trend or a pattern of khi đó là một trào lưu hoặc một
behavior that others are adopting mẫu hành vi mà người khác đang
áp dụng

Chuyên Anh's little cor

follow sb’s lead to mimic or follow the actions, bắt chước hoặc tuȗn thủ các hành
decisions, or guidance of a person động, quyết định hoặc hướng dẫn
who is taking the initiative or setting của một người đang tiến hành sáng
an example tạo hoặc thiết lập một ví dụ

follow sb’s advice to heed or act upon the guidance, lắng nghe hoặc hành động dựa
recommendations, or suggestions trȃn sự hướng dẫn, đề xuất hoặc
given by someone, recognizing their gợi ý được đưa ra bởi ai đó, nhận
expertise or wisdom in a particular biết sự chuyȃn môn hoặc khôn
matter ngoan của họ trong một vấn đề cụ
thể

as follows used to introduce or list items, giới thiệu hoặc liệt kȃ các mục,
instructions, or information in a hướng dẫn hoặc thông tin theo một
specific sequence chuỗi cụ thể Nó cho biết phần tiếp
theo là một sự tiếp tục hoặc biểu đạt
trực tiếp của điều đã được đề cập
trước đó

GET
get going to start or initiate an action, often khởi đầu, bắt đầu
suggesting the beginning of an
activity or task

get swh to make progress or achieve some đạt được thành tựu
degree of success in a particular
endeavor or journey

get ill/angry/upset/etc to become ill, angry, upset, or bị ốm/tức giận/buồn

experience a specific emotional or
physical state

get sth wet/dirty/etc to cause something to become wet, làm cho cái gì đó ướt/bẩn
dirty, or affected in a particular way
It involves changing the condition
or state of an object

get to do sth to have the opportunity or chance to có cơ hội làm điều gì đó

do something It indicates the
attainment of permission, ability, or
the right to engage in a particular
action or task

1
0
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

get sb do sth to persuade or convince someone to thuyết phục ai làm gì đó

perform a specific action or task

get sth done to complete or finish a task or hoàn thành điều gì đó

activity It suggests the successful
accomplishment of an action or
objective

get sth doing to set something in motion or to kích hoạt, khởi động điều gì đó

Chuyên Anh's little cor

cause an activity or process to
begin It implies the initiation of an
ongoing action or state

GO
go and do sth to engage in or perform a specific đi và làm điều gì đó
action or task, implying taking
action or making an effort to
complete something

go deaf/gray/crazy/bad/etc - go deaf: to lose one's ability - bị điếc, mất khả nǔng nghe
to hear
- go gray: to experience a - tóc bạc đi, thường do tuổi tác
graying of the hair, often due
to aging
- go crazy: to become mentally - trở nȃn bất ổn tinh thần
unstable or behave hoặc hành xử không bình
erratically thường
- go bad: to become spoiled or - trở nȃn hỏng, thường ám
decayed, often referring to chỉ thức ǔn bị hỏng
food

go for days/weeks/etc to endure a specific period of time sống mà thiếu cái gì đó,
(without sth) without having or doing something thường được coi là cần thiết
hoặc mong muốn

go hungry to experience hunger due to a lack cảm thấy đói

of food, which means not having
enough to eat

go without to live or exist without something sống hoặc tồn tại mà thiếu cái gì đó
that is typically considered được coi là cần thiết
necessary or desirable

go to do sth to undertake or begin a specific đi để làm một việc cụ thể hoặc bắt
action or task, which signifies the đầu một nhiệm vụ cụ thể
intention to perform a particular
activity or go to a place for a specific
purpose

HEAD

1
0
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

head towards/for (a place) to move or direct oneself in the đi hướng về/tới một địa điểm
direction of a specific location or
destination

1
0
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

head a ball in sports like soccer or football, to đánh đầu

use one's head to strike or direct
the ball, typically for the purpose of
passing, shooting, or redirecting it

head a committee/etc to be the leader or chairperson of a điều hành hoặc đứng đầu một ủy
committee or a group responsible ban hoặc một nhóm có trách nhiệm
for making decisions, organizing đưa ra quyết định, tổ chức nhiệm
tasks, or managing certain vụ, hoặc quản lý các hoạt động cụ

Chuyên Anh's little cor

activities thể

head a list to be at the top or in the leading đứng đầu hoặc ở vị trí hàng đầu của
position of a list It can refer to một danh sách (bảng xếp hạng, biểu
various types of lists, such as đồ, danh sách tȃn), thường tượng
rankings, charts, or lists of trưng cho vị trí quan trọng hoặc có
names ảnh hưởng

JUMP
jump at the chance (to do) to eagerly and quickly take nắm bắt cơ hội cách nhanh chóng
advantage of an opportunity or offer
when it arises

jump the queue to bypass or cut in line ahead of chen hàng

others who are waiting in a queue
or line, typically without permission
or proper etiquette

jump to conclusions to make hasty or premature đi tới kết luận nào đó

judgments or decisions without
sufficient evidence or information

jump the gun to act too soon or prematurely, hành động quá sớm trong thời điểm
often before the appropriate time or không thích hợp
without all the necessary
information

MOVE
move it an informal command or phrase nhanh lȃn!
used to urge someone to act
quickly, hurry up, or start moving

get a move on an idiom that means to hurry up or tiến lȃn nhanh chóng hoặc di chuyển
start moving faster nhanh hơn

follow sb’s every move to closely observe or monitor theo dõi hành động của ai đó
someone's actions, often with the
intent of knowing everything they
are doing

make a move - in a social or romantic - thực hiện bước tiến mới,

context, it can mean to take bắt đầu một mối quan hệ
action to approach someone mới

1
0
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

romantically or to initiate a
relationship
- in a strategic or competitive - thực hiện hành động cụ thể
context, it can mean to take
a particular action or step in
a game, plan, or situation

on the move a phrase that describes someone đang di chuyển hoặc trong tình
or something that is actively trạng hoạt động

Chuyên Anh's little cor

traveling, changing locations, or in
motion
POINT
point at/to/towards sth to extend or direct something, such chỉ vào thứ gì đó
as a finger or an object, in the
direction of a particular thing, often
to indicate or draw attention to it

get to the point to communicate or explain vào thẳng vấn đề, không vòng vo
something concisely and directly
without unnecessary details or
digressions

make a point of doing sth to make a deliberate effort to do làm việc gì với chủ ý/thận trọng
something regularly or as a habit rõ ràng

make your point to express or communicate your thể hiện quan điểm
opinion, idea, or argument clearly
and effectively in a conversation or
discussion

miss the point to fail to understand or grasp the không hiểu đúng vấn đề
main idea or significance of
something

beside the point irrelevant or not related to the main không liȃn quan đến vấn đề được đề
topic or issue being discussed cập

up to a point to some extent or to a limited đúng một phần, đến một mức độ
degree nào đó

a sore point a sensitive or delicate topic or issue vấn đề nhạy cảm

that can cause emotional discomfort
or upset

RAISE
raise your hand to lift your hand into the air, giơ tay lȃn, đưa cao tay lȃn,
typically as a sign of wanting to ask thường dùng để đặt cȗu hỏi, nȃu ý
a question, offer a comment, or kiến, hoặc tham gia vào cuộc trò
participate in a discussion, chuyện, đặc biệt trong môi trường
especially in a classroom or học tập hoặc cuộc họp
meeting setting

1
0
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

raise sth with sb to bring up or discuss a particular nȃu lȃn hoặc thảo luận về một vấn
issue, topic, or concern with đề
someone

raise a child/family - to care for and nurture a - nuôi dạy, nuôi dưỡng, nuôi
child or be responsible for nấng con cái
the upbringing and well-
being of one or more
children - đề cập đến trách nhiệm với

Chuyên Anh's little cor

- in the context of "raising a gia đình
family," it refers to the
responsibilities and actions
associated with taking care of
a family unit

raise sb’s hopes/expectations to give someone reason to be làm cho ai đó cảm thấy hy vọng, lạc
optimistic or to have higher quan về chuyện gì đó hoặc kết quả
expectations about a situation or nào đó
outcome

raise a smile to make someone smile or laugh, làm ai đó mỉm cười, thường do
often through humor or a cheerful những cử chỉ hài hước
gesture

raise your voice to speak more loudly or shout nói lớn lȃn, hoặc hét to hơn

raise an army to assemble and organize a tập hợp và tổ chức một nhóm cá
group of individuals, typically nhȗn, thường là lính hoặc chiến binh,
soldiers or warriors, for military cho mục đích quȗn sự
purposes
RUN
run a business/campaign/etc to manage and operate a business, quản lý và điều hành một doanh
campaign, or any organized nghiệp, chiến dịch hoặc bất kỳ công
endeavor, involving making việc tổ chức nào
decisions, overseeing operations,
and ensuring its success

run riot to behave in a wild, uncontrolled, hành xử cách thiếu tính kỷ luật, nổi
and unruly manner loạn

run on petrol/electricity to operate or function using a sử dụng nhiȃn liệu, xǔng dầu, điện
specific fuel source, such as petrol
(gasoline) or electricity

run sb a bath to prepare a bath for someone, chuẩn bị bồn tắm cho ai đó, làm
typically by filling the bathtub with nước tắm cho ai đó
water and making it ready for them
to bathe

run through to review or rehearse something xem xét hoặc diễn tập lại thứ gì cách
quickly, often as a practice or to nhanh chóng
refresh one's memory

1
0
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

run the risk of doing sth to expose oneself to the possibility đặt bản thȗn vào tính huống có khả
of experiencing a negative nǔng gặp nguy hiểm và kết cục xấu
outcome or consequence by
engaging in a particular action

run into problems to encounter difficulties, gặp phải vấn đề gì đó

obstacles, or challenges while
trying to accomplish something

Chuyên Anh's little cor

RUSH
rush to conclusions to make quick judgments or vội vàng kết luận
decisions without sufficient
evidence or careful consideration

do sth in a rush to complete a task or activity làm điều gì đó vội vàng, cách nhanh
quickly, often because of limited chóng
time or a sense of urgency

in a rush (to do) in a hurry or with a sense of urgency hoàn thành nhiệm vụ hay làm điều
to accomplish a task or reach a gì đó cách gấp gáp
destination

mad rush a situation characterized by extreme hối hả, vội vàng, sốt ruột
haste, chaos, or a frenzied
atmosphere

rush hour a specific period during the day, giờ cao điểm
typically in the morning and
evening, when traffic congestion is
at its peak due to people
commuting to and from work or
other activities

the Christmas/etc rush a busy and hectic period associated thời điểm phải làm nhiều việc như
with a specific holiday or event, đi mua sắm, sửa soạn cho dịp đặc
such as Christmas or a major biệt trong nǔm (Giáng sinh, tết,)
shopping season, which involves
increased activity, shopping, and
preparations leading up to the
holiday or event

STEADY
steady yourself to regain or maintain your balance ổn định lại bản thȗn, thường sau khi
or composure, often after feeling cảm thấy mất cȗn bằng trong cuộc
unsteady or off-balance sống

steady your nerves to calm or stabilize your emotions làm cho tĩnh tȗm, làm dịu hoặc
and reduce anxiety or nervousness cȗn bằng cảm xúc và giảm cǔng
thẳng, lo ȗu

1
0
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

hold sth steady to keep an object or item stable and giữ cho thứ gì đó thǔng bằng,
free from movement or shaking không bị chuyển động hoặc rung
lắc

steady relationship a relationship characterized by mối quan hệ bền vững, nghiȃm túc
consistency, reliability, and a lack với đối phương
of significant fluctuations or
disruptions

Chuyên Anh's little cor

steady growth a consistent and gradual increase or sự phát triển ổn định, không bấp
development, often in the context of bȃnh hay lȃn xuống thất thường
business, economy, or personal
progress

steady look a gaze or glance that is unwavering cái nhìn hoặc ánh mắt không lảo đảo
and constant, often used to express và không thay đổi, thường được sử
focus, determination, or a calm and dụng để thể hiện sự tập trung, quyết
unshaken demeanor tȗm hoặc một thái độ bình tĩnh và
vững vàng

steady pace a consistent and even rate of tốc độ phát triển hoặc di chuyển
progress or movement, without ổn định và đều, không có sự biến
significant fluctuations in speed động đáng kể về tốc độ

TRACK
keep track of to monitor and maintain theo dõi bằng cách ghi nhận lại
awareness of something by những thông tin liȃn quan
recording relevant information

lose track of time/etc to become unaware of the passage không để ý đến thời gian
of time due to being engrossed in
an activity

on the wrong track pursuing a course of action that is theo đuổi sai hướng, đi sai hướng
incorrect or misguided

on track (to do) making progress and following the tiếp tục làm gì đó để đạt được mục
intended path toward achieving a tiȃu nhất định
specific goal or objective

TURN
turn to do sth to begin or start doing something, bắt đầu làm việc gì đó, thường là
often as a response or solution to a giải pháp cho việc gì đó
situation or problem

turn a gun/etc on sb to point or direct a weapon, such nhắm vũ khí vào ai đó

as a gun, knife, or any harmful
object, toward another person with
the intent to threaten, harm, or
intimidate them

1
0
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

turn to sb to seek help, advice, support, nhờ sự giúp đỡ, tìm kiếm sự giúp
or assistance from someone đỡ từ ai đó

turn cold/nasty to undergo a sudden change trở nȃn lạnh lùng, bất lịch sự
in behavior or attitude,
becoming unfriendly, hostile,
or unkind

turn 40/etc to reach a specific age milestone, bước qua tuổi 40…

Chuyên Anh's little cor

such as turning 40, which typically
marks a significant point in one's life
or career journey

WAY
get in sb’s way to obstruct or hinder someone's cản trở ai đó, ngǔn chặn tiến trình
progress or path, often ai đó, thường không cố ý
unintentionally, by being in the
same physical space or by causing
an obstacle

know the way to be familiar with the route or quen thuộc với con đường nào đó
directions to a particular location or
destination, indicating the ability to
navigate or guide

lose your way to become disoriented or confused, mất phương hướng, lạc đường
typically while trying to find a khi đang đi đến một địa điểm
location or achieve a goal, resulting hoặc cố gắng đạt được mục tiȃu
in a lack of direction nào đó

get sth out of the way to complete or finish a task or hoàn thành công việc nào đó để chu
action, often a preliminary or less toàn cho thứ ưu tiȃn hơn
important one, in order to clear the
path for other tasks or priorities

make way for to create space or opportunity for mở đường cho, nhường đường cho
something or someone else by
moving aside, removing obstacles,
or allowing for a smooth transition

in the way positioned so as to obstruct or block cản trở ai đó

a path, movement, or progress,
causing interference or hindrance

on the way currently in the process of traveling trȃn đường đến, đang trong quá
or progressing toward a destination trình di chuyển đến một nơi nào
or goal đó

in this way using this particular method or bằng cách này, sử dụng một
approach, referring to a phương pháp cụ thể hoặc cách làm
specific manner of doing nhất định
something

1
0
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

a way of doing a particular method, approach, or một phương pháp hoặc cách thực
manner in which something is done hiện cụ thể
or achieved, often implying a
distinctive or preferred way

by the way used to introduce a related but nhȗn tiện, sử dụng để nói về một
somewhat tangential or secondary chủ đề khác hoặc đưa ra một ý
topic or comment during a kiến phụ trong cuộc trò chuyện
conversation

e
n
WORD FORMATION:

Chuyên Anh's little

r cor
Word Cate Meaniną Nąhĩa

ACCESS
accessibility n The quality or state of being easily khả nǔng tiếp cận
reached, entered, or used, often
referring to the availability of
facilities, information, or
opportunities to people with
disabilities.

(in)accessible⭐ adj Capable or not capable of (không) tiếp cận được

being easily reached, entered,
or used; able or unable to be
accessed.
COME
overcome⭐ v To successfully deal with or prevail vượt qua
over difficulties, challenges, or
obstacles; to conquer or defeat.

comeback n A return to success, popularity, or màn trở lại

prominence after a period of decline
or setback.

newcomer ⭐ n A person or thing that has recently người mới đến

arrived or become involved in a
particular place, situation, or activity.

outcome⭐ n The result or consequence of a kết quả

particular course of action, event,
or process.

income n Money received on a regular thu nhập

basis, usually through work,
investments, or other sources.

coming n The act of approaching or arriving; sắp tới/ sự sắp xảy ra của một việc
future in time or happening soon.

1
0
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

oncoming adj Approaching or moving toward a đang tới

particular place or direction.

incoming⭐ adj Arriving or coming in, especially in đang đến

the context of communication or
goods.

GO
undergo⭐

Chuyên Anh's little cor

v To experience or endure trải qua
something, often a process, change,
or hardship.

forego v To decide not to do or have từ bỏ

something; to precede in time.

ongoing adj continuously happening or in đang diễn ra

progress; not completed or
resolved.

outgoing adj Departing or leaving a place; ra đi

friendly and sociable in nature.

outgoings n Expenses or expenditures; money chi tiȃu

paid out.

bygone (era)⭐ adj Belonging to an earlier time; past đã qua, quá khứ
and no longer current or relevant.

LAND
landing n The act or process of coming to hạ cánh
rest on a surface, typically the
ground or a platform.

landed adj Having successfully arrived at or đã hạ cánh

reached a particular place.

landless adj Without land or property; lacking không có đất

ownership of real estate.

landfall n The point at which a storm or other vào đất liền

phenomenon reaches or first
makes contact with land.

landlocked adj Surrounded by land and having no không có biển

coastline; having no direct access to
the sea.

outlandish⭐ adj Looking or sounding bizarre or kỳ quái, lạ lẫm

unfamiliar; strange or unusual in a
way that is hard to believe or
accept.

MOBILE

1
0
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

(im)mobilise⭐ v To make (something or someone) (không) huy động, khiến một vật
capable or not capable of hoặc ai đó (không) có khả nǔng
movement or action. vận động, di chuyển

(im)mobility n The state or quality of being able or sự (không) di động

unable to move or be moved.

mobilisation n The act or process of preparing and sự huy động

organizing resources or troops for

Chuyên Anh's little cor

action.

immobile adj Not capable of movement; bất động

stationary or fixed in place.

MOTION
motionless adj Without movement; still or không chuyển động
stationary.

commotion n A state of noisy and confused sự ồn ào

activity or disturbance; uproar or
tumult.

MOVE
mover n A person or thing that initiates or người di chuyển
causes movement or action.

movement n The act, process, or result of phong trào

changing position, location,
or direction.

(im)movable⭐ adj Capable or not capable of being (không) di chuyển được

moved; fixed or unchangeable.

moving adj In the process of changing position di chuyển

or location; evoking emotions or a
sense of progress.

PASS
passage n A way, path, or corridor for moving đoạn đường
from one place to another.

(im)passable⭐ adj Capable or not capable of being (không) thể qua được
passed through or traveled;
obstructed or open for passage.

passing adj The act or process of going by or qua, đi qua

moving beyond; temporary or
fleeting.

PROGRESS

1
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

progression n The act or process of advancing, sự tiến triển

developing, or moving forward in a
particular direction or sequence.

progressive(ly) adj, Characterized by continuous tiến bộ (một cách tiến bộ)

adv improvement, growth, or
development; happening or
advancing gradually.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

RAPID
rapidity n The quality or state of being rapid, sự nhanh chóng
or moving with great speed;
swiftness.

rapidly adv In a fast or speedy manner; with một cách nhanh chóng
quickness or celerity.

SPEED
speeding n The act or practice of exceeding the chạy quá tốc độ
speed limit, especially while driving.

speedy adj Moving or capable of moving nhanh

quickly; fast or prompt.

speedily adv In a quick or rapid manner; without một cách nhanh chóng
delay.

speedometer n An instrument in a vehicle that đồng hồ tốc độ

measures and displays its speed.

STABLE
(de)stabilise v To make (something) unstable or (làm mất) ổn định
less stable; to disrupt or
undermine.
(in)stability⭐ n The quality or state of being (không) ổn định
unstable; lack of stability or
firmness.

destabilisation n The act or process of making sự làm mất ổn định

something unstable; the state of
becoming less stable.

stabiliser n Something that adds stability or chất làm ổn định

balance; a device or substance that
prevents or reduces instability.

(de)stabilising adj Causing or undergoing the process (làm mất) ổn định

of destabilization; making
something less stable.

1
1
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

unstable adj Not stable; likely to change, không ổn định

collapse, or give way.

STAND
withstand v To resist or endure the force or chịu đựng
effect of something; to withstand
pressure, attack, or adversity.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

standing adj The act or state of standing chịu đựng
upright or in a particular position;
status or rank.

upstanding adj Of good moral character; honest ngay thẳng

and respectable.

outstanding⭐ adj Exceptionally good or distinguished; xuất sắc

standing out from others.

notwithstanding prep In spite of; despite; nevertheless. mặc dù

STEADY
unsteady adj Lacking stability; not firm, solid, or không vững
constant.

(un)steadily adv In a stable or unstable manner; with một cách (không) vững chắc
or without firmness or steadiness.

TRANSIT
transition n The process or period of changing sự chuyển tiếp
from one state or condition to
another.

transitory⭐ adj Lasting only for a short time; tạm thời

temporary or fleeting.

transitional adj Relating to or characterized by a mang tính chuyển tiếp

transition; intermediate or
changing.

transitionally adv In a manner related to a transition; một cách tạm thời

during a period of change.

UP
upper adj Situated above or higher in position; phía trȃn
relating to the top part.

uppermost adj Highest in position or location; trȃn hết

situated at the top.

1
1
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

upright adj In an erect position; standing thẳng đứng

straight up; morally and ethically
sound.

upward(s) adv Moving or pointing in a direction hướng lȃn trȃn

toward a higher position.

upwardly adv In a manner that indicates hướng lȃn

movement or progress in an

Chuyên Anh's little cor

upward direction.

1
1
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

Unit 10: COMMUNICATION & THE MEDIA

Vocab Cate Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. assert, alleąe, declare, disclose, insist, denounce, boast
assert v to state a fact or belief khẳng định He asserted his
(oneself/ confidently and innocence during the
dominance) forcefully trial.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

allege v to claim or assert that
someone has done
something illegal or
wrong, often without
proof
cáo buộc The lawyer alleged that
the evidence was
tampered with.

declare v to announce tuyȃn bố She declared her

something clearly, intention to run for office.
firmly, publicly, or
officially

disclose v to make something tiết lộ The company disclosed

known, especially its financial records to
information that was the authorities.
previously secret

insist v to demand something khǔng khǔng, nài nỉ He insisted on paying for

forcefully, not the meal.
accepting refusal

denounce v to publicly declare to be lȃn án The government

wrong or evil denounced the attack
on the embassy.

boast v to talk with excessive khoe khoang He boasted about his

pride and new car to all his friends.
self-satisfaction about
one's achievements,
possessions, or abilities

2. ąist, hint, inkliną, tip

the gist n the main or essential ý chính I didn’t catch every
part of a matter word, but I got the gist of
what he was saying.

hint n a small or indirect piece gợi ý She dropped a hint that

of information that she might leave the
suggests something company soon.
Vietnamese: gợi ý

1
1
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

inkling n a slight knowledge or linh cảm, một chút hiểu He had an inkling that
suspicion; a hint biết về gì đó something was wrong.

tip n a small but useful piece lời khuyȃn, mẹo, “có She gave me a
of practical advice thể bạn chưa biết” helpful tip on how to
improve my cooking.

3. ambiąuous, vaąue

Chuyên Anh's little cor

ambiguous adj open to more than one mơ hồ His instructions were so
interpretation; not ambiguous that no one
having one obvious knew what to do.
meaning

vague adj not clearly expressed, không rõ ràng, mập mờ :( Her description of the
understood, or event was vague and
defined lacked details.

4. mumble, murmur, stutter, stumble

mumble v to speak quietly and in a lẩm bẩm He mumbled something
way that is not clear so under his breath.
that the words are
difficult to understand

murmur v to speak softly or thì thầm She murmured a few

indistinctly, often in a words before falling
low voice asleep.

stutter v to speak with nói lắp bắp (cà dựt cà dựt) He stuttered when he
involuntary repetition or was asked to speak
prolongation of sounds, in public.
especially due to
nervousness

stumble v to trip or lose balance vấp ngã, nói vấp She stumbled over her
while walking or to words during the
falter or make a presentation.
mistake in speaking

5. colloquial, slaną, jarąon

colloquial adj used in ordinary or thông tục, từ ngữ thường His speech was full of
familiar conversation, ngày colloquial expressions.
not formal or literary

slang n informal language, often tiếng lóng Teenagers tend to use a

specific to a particular lot of slang in their
group conversations.

jargon n specialized or technical ngôn ngữ chuyȃn ngành, The medical jargon in
language that is used by biệt ngữ the report was difficult to
a particular group and understand.

1
1
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

may be difficult for

others to understand

6. rant, rave
rant v to speak or shout in a nói huyȃn thuyȃn, He went on a rant about
loud, angry, or phàn nàn the poor service at the
passionate way restaurant.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

rave v - speak in an - kể lể She raved about the new
uncontrolled - khen ngợi movie she had just seen.
way, usually
because you
are upset or
angry
- to speak or
write about
something with
great
enthusiasm or
admiration

rant and rave idiom shout and complain mắng nhiếc, quát Stop ranting and raving
angrily and at length tháo cách giận dữ for a minute and start
being honest with
yourself

7. exaąąerate, flatter
exaggerate v to represent something phóng đại He tends to exaggerate
as being larger, better, his achievements.
or worse than it really is

flatter v to praise someone tȗng bốc, nịnh hót She flattered her boss to
(oneself) insincerely, often to gain get a promotion.
something in return

8. illeąible, scribble
illegible adj not clear enough to be không đọc được (chữ viết) His handwriting is so
read illegible that I can barely
make out a word.

scribble v to write or draw viết, vẽ nguệch ngoạc The child scribbled all
something quickly or over the walls.
carelessly

9. confirm, confine
confirm v to establish the truth or xác nhận The company confirmed
correctness of the date of the meeting.
something that was
previously uncertain

1
1
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

confine v to keep or restrict giới hạn The patient was

someone or confined to bed for
something within several weeks.
certain limits
10. blunt, utter
blunt (sb’s adj, v - (for people) - thẳng thắn His blunt remarks hurt
enthusiasm) being - làm dịu (cảm xúc) her feelings.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

straightforward
to the point of
rudeness
- make a
feeling less
strong

utter v to speak or say thốt ra She didn’t utter a word

something aloud during the meeting.

11. anchor, columnist, correspondent, ąhostwriter, novelist

anchor n a person who presents người dẫn chương trình The news anchor
and coordinates a (tin tức) reported live from the
news broadcast scene of the accident.

columnist n a journalist who người phụ trách She is a famous

regularly writes articles chuyȃn mục columnist for the local
for a newspaper or newspaper.
magazine

corresponde n a journalist who reports phóng viȃn thường trú The foreign
nt news from a particular correspondent reported
place or on a particular live from the war zone.
subject

ghostwriter n a person who writes on người viết thuȃ The celebrity hired a
behalf of someone ghostwriter to complete
else, especially for a her autobiography.
book, without being
credited

novelist n an author who writes tiểu thuyết gia He became a

novels successful novelist after
the publication of his
first book.

12. reviewer, critic

reviewer n a person who writes người đánh giá, phȃ bình The reviewer gave the
opinions about books, movie a positive rating.
films, or other works

critic n a person who nhà phȃ bình The critic wrote a harsh
expresses opinions review of the new play.
about the quality of

1
1
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

works like films, books,

or music

1
1
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

13. broadcast, trailer, prerecorded, coveraąe

broadcast n to transmit a program or phát sóng The event will be
information by radio or broadcast live on
television national television.

trailer n a short preview or đoạn giới thiệu The movie trailer was
advertisement for a exciting and made me

Chuyên Anh's little cor

movie or television show want to watch the film.

prerecorded adj recorded at an earlier thu ȗm trước The interview was

time for later use prerecorded and will be
broadcast tomorrow.

coverage n the reporting of news sự đưa tin The election received

and events by the extensive media
media coverage.

14. handbook, pamphlet, manifesto, supplement, tabloid

handbook n a book that contains sổ tay The students handbook
instructions or advice gives details of all
about how to do courses.
something or the most
important and useful
information about a
subject

pamphlet n a small booklet or leaflet tờ rơi I picked up a pamphlet

containing information on healthy eating at the
or arguments about a clinic.
single subject

manifesto n a public declaration of tuyȃn ngôn The party released its

policy and aims, manifesto before the
typically by a political election.
party

supplement n an additional part, phần bổ sung, phụ lục The Sunday edition of
especially to a the newspaper
publication, that adds comes with a
more information magazine
supplement.

tabloid n a smaller-format báo lá cải The tabloid was full of

newspaper that often celebrity gossip and
focuses on sensational scandals.
news stories

15. spine, footnote, caption, subtitles

1
1
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

spine n the part of a book's gáy sách The title is printed on the
cover where the pages spine of the book.
are bound

footnote n an additional piece of chú thích cuối trang The author added a
information printed at footnote to explain the
the bottom of a page historical context.

caption n a brief explanation or chú thích The caption under the

Chuyên Anh's little cor

description photo described the
accompanying an event in detail.
illustration or
photograph

subtitles n the text displayed at the phụ đề The movie had

bottom of a movie or English subtitles to
television screen to help
translate or transcribe non-native speakers
dialogue understand.

16. Other words

quibble v to argue over a trivial bắt bẻ, cãi vặt She quibbled over the
matter price, but it was a minor
issue.

clarification n the action of making a sự làm rõ I asked for clarification

statement or situation on the new policy.
less confused and more
comprehensible

comprehend v to understand hiểu rõ It took me a while

something fully to comprehend the
complexity of the
problem.

literal adj taking words in their theo nghĩa đen (nghĩa He misunderstood the
usual or most basic trȃn mặt chữ) joke and took it in a
sense without metaphor literal sense.
or exaggeration

placard n a large sign or notice tấm biển, biểu ngữ The protesters carried
used for displaying placards demanding
information or a justice.
message in public

petition n a formal written request, đơn kiến nghị You should send a
typically signed by many petition to the United
people, appealing to Nations, maybe they will
authority regarding a listen to you.
particular cause

1
1
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

context n the circumstances or ngữ cảnh The meaning of the word

background that help in can change depending
understanding an on the context.
event, statement, or
idea

relevant adj closely connected or liȃn quan, thích hợp The lawyer presented
appropriate to the relevant evidence
matter at hand during the trial.

rner
contradict v to assert the opposite of mȗu thuẫn His testimony
a statement made by contradicts what he said
someone earlier.

o
PHRASAL VERBS:

Chuyên Anh's little c

Phrasal verbs
blurt out
Meaniną
say sth suddenly without
thinking about the effect it will
have, usually because you are
Nąhĩa
lỡ miệng nói gì đó mà không suy
nghĩ kĩ, thường do quá khích, lo
lắng
nervous or excited.

catch on - understand - hiểu

- become popular or - trở nên phổ biến, thời thượng
fashionable
come out - become available to buy or - được xuất bản, được phát hành
see - dễ nhận ra
- become easy to notice - được mọi người biết đến
- become known - được nói, nghe, hiểu theo một
- be spoken, heard or cách nào đó
understood in a particular
way

come out with say sth suddenly, usually sth đột nhiên nói hay thốt lên điều gì
that surprises or shocks people đó bất ngờ

dry up stop talking because you have dừng nói chuyện vì quên định nói gì
forgotten what you were going
to say

get sb across make people understand sth làm cho ai đó hiểu

get (a)round if news gets (a)round, a lot of lan truyền (thông tin, tin tức)
people hear it

get through (to) - be connected to a - nối máy đến nơi nào hoặc ai đó
place by telephone
- make sb understand what - làm cho ai đó hiểu điều bạn
you are trying to say đang cố truyền đạt

1
2
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

let on talk about sth that is intended tiết lộ bí mật của ai đó

to be a secret

pass on give sb sth, for example a truyền thông tin cho ai

message, that sb else has given
you

1
2
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

put sb across/over explain an idea, belief, etc in a giải thích cho ai đó hiểu
way that is easy to understand

set down - write sth on a piece of - ghi chú vào giấy, vở để không
paper so that it will not be quên và có thể xem lại
forgotten and can be
looked at later - đặt ra tiêu chuẩn
- state officially how sth
should be done

shout down

's little
make it difficult to hear what sb
says by shouting while they are
speaking
la hét, la lớn chen ngang trong khi
người khác nói

corner
speak out state your opinion firmly and bày tỏ quan quan điểm của mình
publicly about sth, esp in order cách mãnh liệt để phản đối hoặc
to to protest against or defend bảo vệ điều gì
sth

talk over discuss a problem or a plan bàn luận về một vấn đề hoặc một
kế hoạch

talk sb - succeed in persuading sb to - thuyết phục được ai đó đồng

around talk agree to sth ý điều gì
around sth - discuss sth in a general - bàn luận vòng vo về một chủ
way and without dealing đề mà không
with the most important
issues

h
IDIOMS:

Chuyên An
Idiom Meaniną Nąhĩa
big mouth used as a criticism of sb sử dụng để chỉ trích ai đó
when they say things they khi họ nói những điều mà
should not họ không nên

come clean (about sth) tell the truth about sth that nói ra sự thật mà bản thân
you have kept secret đã giữ bí mật

get/catch sb’s drift understand the general hiểu được khái quát về thứ
meaning of what sb is mà ai đó đang nói/giảng
saying

get sth off sb’s chest tell sb about sth has been trải lòng/ chia sǎ với ai đó về
worrying you or making you điều đã khiến bản thân lo
feel guilty for a long time lắng hay cảm thấy hối hận
trong một thời gian dài

get the wrong end of the stick misunderstand sth, không hiểu hoàn toàn bản
understand sth completely chất của vấn đề/ hiểu lệch
wrongly hoàn toàn một thứ gì đó

1
2
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

give (sb) your word promise to do sth hứa với ai đó

(hear sth) on/through the hear news from sb who heard nghe được tin tức lan
grapevine the news from sb else truyền từ người này sang
người kia

1
2
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

keep sb posted (on sth) make sure that sb always giúp ai đó nắm bắt chuyện gì
knows what is happening đang xảy ra

keep sth under sb’s hat keep sth secret giữ bí mật

lay/put sb’s cards on the table be honest about your trở nên trung thực về ý định
feelings and intentions và cảm xúc

speak volumes if sth speaks volumes, it nói ra được ý định nhưng

Chuyên Anh's little cor

makes an opinion, không thông qua ngôn ngữ
characteristic, or situation / ngụ ý
very clear without using the
use of words

tell tales tell sb in authority about mách lǎo, để lộ ra điều xấu

bad things that else has mà ai đó đã hoặc có thể đã
done, because you want làm
them to be punished

PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

Phrase / Collocation Meaniną Nąhĩa

ANSWER
answer to sb to be accountable or responsible to có trách nghiệm với một người hoặc
a particular person or authority một tổ chức

give sb an answer to provide a response or reply to trả lời

a question, request, or inquiry
made by someone

answer charges/criticisms to address or respond to phản bác

accusations or criticisms, especially
when someone is accused of
something or criticized, they may
need to explain or defend
themselves against these claims

answer a need to provide a solution or response cung cấp một giải pháp đang ở
that fulfills a specific requirement or trạng thái cần thiết
satisfies a particular demand within
a given context

answer sb’s prayers used metaphorically to describe a đáp ứng ước nguyện của một ai đó
situation in which someone or
something fulfills another person's
deepest desires, wishes, or
long-held hopes

answer the description of someone or something matches or phù hợp với yȃu cầu/tính cách
fits the characteristics, attributes, or của một hệ thống đánh giá nào

1
2
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

đó

1
2
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

specifications outlined in a
particular description or set of
criteria

(have a lot to) answer for to imply that they are responsible or ngụ ý rằng ai đó hoặc hành động
accountable for a significant number của họ đang gặp nhiều sai lầm
of mistakes, wrongdoings, or
negative consequences

Chuyên Anh's little cor

in answer to a prepositional phrase used to để trả lời cho
indicate a response or reply to a
question, statement, or situation

ARGUMENT
have/get into an argument to engage in a verbal dispute or có cuộc cãi nhau
(with sb) disagreement with someone, often
involving differing opinions or
perspectives

win/lose an argument successfully presenting your case or thắng/thua một cuộc tranh luận
viewpoint in a way that convinces
others or establishes your position
as the correct one

argument about/over a disagreement or dispute centered tranh luận/ cãi vã về một vấn đề nào
around a particular topic, issue, or đó
subject

argument for/against providing reasons, evidence, or lập luận cho

justifications in favor of a particular
viewpoint or position

without (an) argument refers to a situation where there is không đi kèm với tranh cãi
no disagreement or dispute

ASK
ask yourself sth to pose a question or query to tự hỏi bản thȗn
oneself, often in a reflective or
introspective manner, in order to
consider or evaluate a particular
issue or decision

ask sb a favor to request assistance or help from nhờ vả một người một việc gì đó
someone, typically for a specific
task or to fulfill a particular need

ask a lot/too much (of sb) to demand a significant or đòi hỏi quá nhiều thời gian/công
excessive amount of effort, time, sức/của cải của một người khác
resources, or assistance from
someone, potentially straining their
capabilities or willingness to help

1
2
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

ask sb over/round to invite someone to visit your home mời ai đó đến nhà (mục đích xã giao)
or a specific location for social or
friendly purposes, often implying
the invitation for a meal or gathering

ask sb in to invite someone to enter a place, mời ai đó đến nhà/phòng làm việc
such as a home, office, or room,
usually for a specific purpose, like a
conversation or meeting

Chuyên Anh's little cor

for the asking available or obtainable upon
request or inquiry, typically with the
implication that something is easily
accessible or within reach
dễ dàng lấy/đạt được

asking for trouble/it/etc engaging in behavior or actions thích tìm kiếm mȗu thuẫn/vấn đề
that are likely to lead to problems,
difficulties, or negative
consequences

if you ask me an informal expression used to sử dụng để nhấn mạnh đȗy là ý kiến
introduce one's personal opinion or cá nhȗn của người nói
viewpoint on a matter, often
implying that the speaker is
providing their perspective honestly
and candidly

BOOK
read sb like a book to have a deep understanding of hiểu sȗu rõ về một ai đó
someone's thoughts, feelings, or
intentions, often without them
explicitly expressing them, as if
one can discern their innermost
thoughts easily

(do sth) by a book to follow established rules, làm việc gì đó dựa theo nguyȃn
procedures, or guidelines precisely tắc có sẵn
and strictly when carrying out a task
or making decisions

book about/on a literary work that focuses on or tác phẩm về

explores a particular topic or subject
matter

a closed book refers to something or someone dùng để mô tả ai đó/ một thứ gì đó

that is mysterious, enigmatic, or not bí ẩn
easily understood

an open book refers to something or someone dùng để mô tả một người phóng

who is transparent and easy to khoáng/ hay một vật rõ ràng để hiểu
understand or know

1
2
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

in my book an idiomatic expression used to dựa theo ý kiến/góc nhìn của tôi
indicate one's personal opinion or
perspective on a matter

in sb’s good/bad books an idiom indicating whether nằm trong ấn tượng tốt/xấu của một
someone is in favor with or out of người
favor with another person

DISCUSSION

Chuyên Anh's little cor

(have a) discussion about/on to engage in a conversation or có một cuộc bàn luận về
dialogue focused on a particular
topic or subject, with the intention
of exchanging ideas, opinions, or
information related to that topic

(have a) discussion with to engage in a conversation or có một cuộc bàn luận với ai đó
dialogue involving one or more
individuals, with the purpose of
conversing or deliberating on a
specific matter

discussion of the act or process of talking about một cuộc bàn luận về
or examining a particular subject or
issue in detail, often involving the
exchange of viewpoints,
arguments, or analysis

in discussion with engaged in a conversation or trong cuộc bàn luận với

dialogue with someone, typically
regarding a specific topic or
issue This phrase emphasizes
active engagement in a
discussion

under discussion refers to a topic, matter, or issue đang nằm trong cuộc bàn luận
that is currently being talked about, về một thứ gì đó
considered, or deliberated upon

heated discussion a conversation or dialogue cuộc tranh luận cǔng thẳng

characterized by strong emotions,
passionate arguments, or intense
debate

discussion group a gathering of individuals who come nhóm thảo luận

together to discuss and exchange
ideas, often on a specific topic or
subject

LETTER
(get/receive) a letter from to receive a written communication, nhận thư từ
typically on paper, from someone

1
2
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

through postal mail or electronic

means

send/write sb a letter to compose a written message or gửi ai đó một bức thư

communication intended for a
specific person and then transmit it
through postal mail, email, or other
means of delivery

Chuyên Anh's little cor

letter of a phrase used to specify the bức thư về
content or purpose of a written
document or communication

follow/obey sth to the letter to adhere strictly and precisely to a tuȗn theo nguyȃn tắc đã đề ra
set of instructions, rules, or
guidelines without deviation

the letter of the law the strict and literal interpretation of vǔn bản luật pháp
legal statutes, rules, or regulations,
emphasizing precise adherence to
the wording of the law, sometimes
without considering the spirit or
intent behind it

letter bomb an explosive device concealed thư bom ( vật gȗy nổ được phủ
within or attached to a letter or kín như một bì thư hoặc đi kèm
package, intended to cause harm or với một lá thứ nhằm gȗy hại cho
destruction when opened by the người mở nó)
recipient

letter box a receptacle, often mounted on the hộp đựng thư

exterior of a building, used for
receiving and collecting incoming
mail It is also called a mailbox

NOTICE
bring sth to sb’s notice to inform or make someone khiến ai đó để ý đến một việc gì đó
aware of a particular issue, fact,
or situation, often with the intention
of drawing their attention to it

come to sb’s notice (that) to become known or evident to khiến ai đó biết đến
someone; to be noticed or
discovered by someone

escape sb’s notice to go unnoticed or not be observed trốn thoát sự nhìn nhận của người
by someone, often suggesting that khác
something was not recognized or
perceived by them

take notice (of) to pay attention to or become aware tập trung vào
of something

1
2
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

at short/a moment’s/ a few refers to the amount of time một khoảng thời gian trước khi
hours’ notice required before an event or action một sự kiện bắt đầu
can take place

until further notice an indication that something will sử dụng để nói rằng mọi chuyển
continue or remain in effect until sẽ hoạt động như thường lệ cho
additional information or đến khi có thông báo mới
instructions are provided

Chuyên Anh's little cor

PAPER
piece/sheet of paper a flat and thin material made from mảnh/tờ giấy
wood pulp or other fibers, typically
used for writing, printing, drawing,
or various forms of documentation

(present/write/etc) a paper on to create, prepare, or deliver a tạo ra/viết,... một bài về

written document or essay on a
specific topic, often for academic,
professional, or informational
purposes

(put sth) on paper to record or document something in ghi nhận bằng vǔn bản
writing, making it tangible and
official

paper over (the cracks) to attempt to hide or conceal cố gắng che đựng mặt xấu
problems, flaws, or difficulties in a
situation or relationship by using
superficial or temporary solutions

not worth the paper it’s a phrase used to emphasize that a sử dụng để nói rằng một tài
written/printed on document or agreement holds no liệu không có giá trị, không có
value or validity, often because it is bằng chứng xác thực
unreliable or unenforceable

paper round a job or task, typically for a young công việc liȃn quan đến vận chuyển
person, involving the delivery of giấy báo
newspapers to subscribers on a
regular basis, such as daily or
weekly

paper qualifications educational or professional bằng cấp chứng minh thông qua
credentials and qualifications that vǔn bản
are documented on paper, such as
diplomas, certificates, or degrees

paperwork the collection of documents, forms, một kho tài liệu (liȃn quan đến
records, and administrative tasks doanh nghiệp, thủ tục…)
associated with various processes,
such as business transactions, legal
matters, or official procedures

1
2
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

PEN

put pen to paper to start writing or expressing one's bày tỏ suy nghĩ/ ý tưởng bằng
thoughts, ideas, or creativity by bút viết qua vǔn bản
using a pen or other writing
instrument on paper

the pen is mightier than the an idiom suggesting that the power nǔng lực của vǔn học (tư duy/đối
sword of the written or spoken word ngoại) lớn và mạnh mẽ hơn sức

Chuyên Anh's little cor

(communication, literature, or mạnh của thanh kiếm (chỉ sự mạnh
diplomacy) has a greater and more bạo)
lasting impact than the use of force
or violence (represented by the
sword)

pen-pusher a somewhat derogatory term used dành để chỉ một người có công
to describe someone whose job việc liȃn quan phần lớn đến xử lý
primarily involves routine, vǔn bản, thiếu sự sáng tạo
bureaucratic, or clerical tasks, often
characterized by excessive
paperwork and minimal creativity

pen friend/pal a person with whom one người bạn trao đổi chủ yếu không
corresponds through written letters, thông qua lơì nói (thư,..)
emails, or other written forms of
communication, typically with the
aim of establishing a friendship or
cultural exchange

PRINT
print on to transfer text, images, or designs in ( lȃn một bề mặt)
onto a surface, typically by using a
printing press, a printer, or a similar
method

print in to include or publish text, images, bao gồm, xuất bản hình ảnh,... cho
or content within a publication, such sách, báo, tạp chí ,..
as a book, magazine, newspaper,
or document

in print refers to a book, publication, or o trạng thái còn hàng từ nhà xuất
piece of written material that is bản
currently available and can be
purchased or accessed in its printed
form

out of print describes a book, publication, or không còn được xuất bản hay bán
piece of written material that is no
longer being produced or sold in its
printed form

1
2
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

READ
read sb’s mind to accurately guess or understand hiểu/dự đoán suy nghĩ người khác
what someone is thinking or feeling,
often without them explicitly stating
their thoughts or emotions

read sb like a book to have a deep understanding of hiểu cảm xúc, suy nghĩ, dự định
someone's thoughts, feelings, or của ai đó

Chuyên Anh's little cor

intentions, as if one can discern their
innermost thoughts easily

read between the lines to understand or interpret the hiểu một thứ gì đó dựa trȃn những
hidden or implied meaning in a thông tin mang tính ngụ ý, không rõ
statement, text, or situation, ràng
beyond the literal or obvious
content

read sb’s lips to understand what someone is hiểu ai đó nói bằng cách nhìn
saying by watching their lip vào chuyển động của môi họ
movements, often used when the
audio is unclear or unavailable,
such as in a noisy environment or
for individuals with hearing
impairments

take sth as read to accept or assume something as chấp nhận, ngộ nhận một điều gì
true, factual, or self-evident without đó là sự thật ( nhưng không có
requiring further proof or bằng chứng củng cố)
explanation

a good/depressing/etc read refers to a book, article, or piece of sử dụng để mô tả cuốn sách/ một
written material that is enjoyable, cuốn sách hay
engaging, informative, depressing,
or otherwise emotionally impactful,
depending on the adjective used

RECORD
keep/maintain/compile a to keep a written account or lưu giữ (bằng ảnh, vǔn bản) nhằm
record (of) photographs of it so that it can be tham khảo lại
referred to later

set/put the record straight to provide accurate information or cung cấp thông tin hoặc sửa lỗi
correct any misconceptions or quan niệm/ phát biểu sai lầm
misunderstandings, especially in
response to false or misleading
statements

on record refers to something that is officially nói về những tài liệu được biȃn soạn
documented, recorded, or và thừa nhận chính thức
acknowledged, often in a formal or
official context

1
2
1
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

on the record in journalism and formal interviews, được sử dụng cho mục đích chung
this phrase indicates that a của chính quyền
statement or information is being
provided for public or official use
and can be quoted or attributed to
the source

off the record this phrase signals that a statement không chính thức, tuyệt mật
or information is given in

Chuyên Anh's little cor

confidence and should not be
published or attributed to the
source
SAY
have your say to express your opinion or viewpoint đưa ra quan điểm cá nhȗn
on a particular matter or issue,
often in a discussion, debate, or
decision-making context

(have) the final say to have the ultimate authority or có thẩm quyền quyết định
decision-making power in a
particular situation

go without saying (that) an idiom used to indicate that để nói một việc gì đó thực sự đúng
something is so obvious or mà không cần bằng chứng xác thực
self-evident that it does not need to
be explicitly stated or mentioned

say the word an informal expression used to đưa ra quyền quyết định để làm gì
convey readiness or willingness to đó
comply with a request or to do
something as soon as it is requested
or suggested

can't say fairer than that an expression used to indicate that để nói rằng một đề xuất là hợp lí và
a proposal or offer is reasonable, không có lỗi sai nào trong chúng
just, or favorable, and it is difficult
to find fault with it

say your piece to express your thoughts, opinions, bày tỏ ý kiến một cách thẳng thắn
or feelings about a particular matter,
often in a straightforward and
complete manner

a horrible/stupid/strange/etc refers to a statement or remark một điều gì đó… để nói/tiết lộ

thing to say that is considered morally wrong,
foolish, bizarre, or socially
unacceptable, depending on the
adjective used

SPEAK

1
3
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

speak well/highly/badly/ill of to express a positive or negative bày tỏ ý kiến về

opinion or evaluation of someone or
something

speak for yourself an expression used to indicate that nói ra ý kiến riȃng biệt của bản thȗn
the speaker does not share the
same opinion, experience, or
perspective as the person they are
responding to

Chuyên Anh's little cor

speak your mind to openly and honestly express
one's thoughts, opinions, or feelings
about a particular matter, without
holding back or censoring oneself
bày tỏ sự thật trong tȗm trí một cách
rõ ràng

speak out of turn to say something at an nói leo/ nói không đúng thời điểm
inappropriate or inopportune time,
often when it is not your place to
speak, or when it disrupts the flow
of a conversation or meeting

not sth to speak of refers to something that is not không phải là thứ gì đó nȃn nhắc
significant, important, or đến
noteworthy enough to mention or
discuss in detail

so to speak an idiomatic phrase used to indicate để nói rằng những gì mình nói ra
that the speaker is using a figure of không thực sự là những gì mình
speech or a metaphor, rather than đang nghĩ trong đầu mặc cho sự
speaking literally hiện diện của chúng

SPEAKING
broadly/generally speaking used to introduce a statement or nhìn chung, nói chung, ở phần lớn
description that is true or accurate in trường hợp
most cases or in a general sense

on speaking terms refers to a relationship between two o tình trạng chủ động giao tiếp giữa
or more people where they are hai người
willing to communicate or talk to
each other

speaking of a transitional phrase used to bring khi nói về

up a related topic or subject in a
conversation

speaking as used to preface a statement or nói với tư cách là

opinion by indicating that the
speaker is expressing their
personal views, thoughts, or
perspective on a matter

TALK

1
3
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

talk sb into/out of (doing) persuading or convincing someone thuyết phục ai đó làm/không làm
to do something they may be gì đó
hesitant about or initially unwilling
to do

talk your way into / out of using persuasive language or sử dụng khả nǔng thuyết phục
(doing) communication skills to gain entry nhằm đạt được sự đồng thuận để
or permission to do something, làm việc
especially in situations where it

Chuyên Anh's little cor

may not be initially allowed

talk sense into attempting to persuade someone to thuyết phục một người để họ trở
be more rational or practical by nȃn lý trí và chủ động hơn
offering logical and reasonable
arguments or advice

talk the same language as a figurative expression that means cùng quan điểm/ mục tiȃu/ sở
having a shared understanding or thích như một ai khác
perspective with someone,
especially in terms of ideas,
interests, or goals

have a talk (with) engaging in a conversation with có một cuộc nói chuyện
someone, often with the intention of
discussing a particular topic or
resolving an issue

be all/just the talk refers to a situation where someone tình huống mà người nào đó chỉ hứa
talks about doing something or hẹn nhưng không thực hiện
makes promises but doesn't follow
through with actions

be the talk of used to describe someone or là một chủ đề thường được nói đến
something that is currently
generating a lot of discussion,
attention, or buzz in a particular
context or community

talk is cheap an idiom that means simply talking sử dụng để nói rằng lời nói (lời
or making promises is easy and hứa,..) không có giá trị nếu chỉ đi
does not prove anything unless it is riȃng lẻ
accompanied by action

TELL
tell the truth/a lie to speak honestly and accurately, nói ra sự thật và ngược lại
providing information that is
factually correct and not misleading
It is the opposite of telling a lie

1
3
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

tell yourself (that) to deliberately provide false or nói với chính bản thȗn rằng
misleading information with the
intent to deceive or mislead others

tell the difference (between) the ability to distinguish or chỉ ra sự khác biệt
recognize the distinctions or
disparities between two or more
things, often used when comparing
similar items or situations

Chuyên Anh's little cor

tell the time to read and inform someone of the
current or specific time on a clock
or watch, usually by stating the
hour and minute
báo giờ/thời gian cụ thể

tell it like it is an idiomatic expression that means nói ra sự thật, những gì thực sự
speaking bluntly, honestly, and xảy ra
directly without sugarcoating or
exaggeration

there's no telling used to convey uncertainty or không chắc chắn rằng

unpredictability about a future
outcome or event

you’re telling me an informal expression used to đồng ý với ai hoặc hiểu ý ai đó

agree emphatically with someone
or to express that you already know
and fully understand what the other
person is saying

that would be telling often used to deflect or avoid giving sử dụng để chuyển hướng hoặc
away information or secrets tránh né việc tiết lộ thông tin

UNDERSTANDING
come to/reach an refers to the process of two or more đạt được thỏa thuận (sau cuộc hội
understanding parties agreeing on a common thảo/tranh luận)
perspective, agreement, or
resolution, often after discussion or
negotiation

have an understanding (with two or more individuals or parties cùng quan điểm/sự sắp xếp với một
sb) share a mutual agreement or a bȃn khác
specific arrangement, often related
to how they will interact, cooperate,
or conduct themselves in a
particular situation

an understanding of to indicate possessing knowledge, sự thông hiểu về

comprehension, or insight into a
particular subject, concept, or
situation

1
3
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

on the understanding (that) used to clarify the conditions or dựa vào sự thông hiểu về…
terms upon which an agreement,
arrangement, or situation is based

WORD
put in a (good) word for sb to speak positively or recommend nói tốt về ai đó, đặc biệt khi họ đang
someone to others, especially tìm kiếm cơ hội, công việc,..
when they are seeking a job,

Chuyên Anh's little cor

opportunity, or favor

(have) a word with sb to have a conversation or có cuộc trò chuyện với người khác
(about) discussion with someone, typically
to address a specific issue,
concern, or topic

spread the word to communicate or share lan truyền thông tin/tin tức,...
information, news, or a message
with a wide audience, often with the
intention of making it known to as
many people as possible

put words in sb's mouth an expression used to describe “nhét” chữ

the act of attributing words or
statements to someone that they
did not actually say, often for the
purpose of misrepresenting or
distorting their views or intentions

give/ say the word to provide approval, permission, đưa ra lời đồng ý/ chấp thuận
or authorization for a particular
action or decision

from the word go an idiomatic expression that từ lúc bắt đầu

means from the very beginning or
the start of something

word of mouth refers to the spread of information, lời truyền miệng

recommendations, or opinions
about something, such as a
product, service, or idea, through
informal conversations and
personal referrals, rather than
through formal advertising or
marketing

in other words to rephrase or clarify something that nói cách khác

has been said

WRITE
write for a magazine/etc to be employed or engaged as a làm nghề viết bài cho một tổ chức
writer for a particular publication or truyền thông
platform, such as a magazine,

1
3
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

newspaper, website, or other media

outlet

have sth / be written all over used to suggest that a person's sử dụng để nói rằng những gì thể
your face facial expressions or demeanor hiện trȃn khuôn mặt họ chỉ ra hết
clearly reveal their thoughts, suy nghĩ/cảm xúc/ ý định của người
emotions, or intentions, often đó
without them explicitly stating it

ttle corner
nothing to write home about used to express that something is để nói rằng một thứ gì đó không ấn
not particularly impressive, exciting, tượng
or noteworthy

writer's block a creative condition or mental bí ý tưởng

obstacle that writers sometimes
experience, characterized by an
inability to generate ideas,
formulate sentences, or make
progress in their writing

WORD FORMATION:
Word Cate Meaniną
li Nąhĩa

Chuyên
DECLARE
declaration n A formal or explicit statement, lời tuyȃn bố
announcement, or proclamation

Anh's
made with clarity and authority,
often expressing one's opinions,
intentions, or facts.

(un)declared adj Refers to the status of something (chưa) được tuyȃn bố

that has (not) been officially stated
or announced.

EDIT
edition n A specific version or release of a phiȃn bản
published work, such as a book,
magazine, or software, which may
include updates, revisions, or
modifications.

editor n A person responsible for overseeing biȃn tập viȃn, người chỉnh sửa
and preparing written, visual, or
audio content for publication,
ensuring quality, clarity, and
adherence to editorial standards.

1
3
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

editorship n The position or role of an editor, công việc biȃn tập

encompassing the responsibilities
and authority associated with
overseeing and shaping content for
publication.

(un)edited adj Refers to content that has (not) (chưa) chỉnh sửa
undergone the process of
review, correction, or

Chuyên Anh's little cor

modification by an editor.

editorial(ly) adj, Relating to or characteristic of an biȃn tập (thuộc về biȃn tập)

adv editorial, often expressing the
opinion of the editor or publication
on a particular issue.

EXCLAIM
exclamation n A sudden and emphatic val thán từ/ lời cảm thán
expression, often conveying strong
emotions such as surprise,
excitement, or urgency, and
typically punctuated with an
exclamation mark (!)

exclamatory adj Characteristic of or pertaining to cảm thán

an exclamation, conveying strong
emotions or exclamatory
statements.

declaim v To speak or deliver a speech in a hùng hồn diễn thuyết, phát biểu một
rhetorical or impassioned manner; to cách trang trọng
make a formal speech or statement
with a grand or dramatic tone.

EXPRESS
expression n The act of conveying thoughts, biểu hiện
feelings, or ideas through words,
gestures, or other forms of
communication.

expressiveness n The quality or capacity of effectively tính diễn cảm

conveying emotions, thoughts, or
ideas.

expressionism n An artistic movement that chủ nghĩa biểu hiện

emphasizes the subjective and
emotional aspects of an artwork,
often distorting reality for
expressive purposes.

1
3
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

expressionist n One who practices or adheres người theo chủ nghĩa biểu hiện
to expressionism, often creating
art that emphasizes emotion
and subjective experience.

expressive(ly) adj, In a manner that effectively conveys diễn cảm (một cách diễn cảm)
adv emotions, thoughts, or ideas.

expressionless(ly) adj, Without displaying or conveying vô cảm (một cách vô cảm)

Chuyên Anh's little cor

⭐ adv any discernible emotion or
reaction.
expressly⭐ adv In a clear, explicit, or một cách rõ ràng
specific manner, leaving no
room for misunderstanding.

HEAR
overhear⭐ v To unintentionally or secretly hear a nghe lỏm
conversation or statement not
intended for one's ears.

hearing n The physiological process of thính giác

perceiving sound, or a formal
session or inquiry where evidence
or information is presented and
listened to.

hearsay⭐ n Information received from someone tin đồn

who heard it from another person,
not based on personal knowledge
or direct observation.

IMPLY
implicate v To suggest or involve someone in ngụ ý
a situation, often implying
wrongdoing or connection to a
particular event.

implication n The logical consequence or inferred sự ngụ ý

meaning of a statement or action.

implicit(ly) adj, Implied or understood without being ngầm hiểu (một cách ngầm hiểu)
adv directly expressed; inherent or
suggested.

INSIST
insistence n The act of demanding or sự khǔng khǔng, sự nài nỉ
asserting something with
determination and persistence.

insistent adj Characterized by a firm and khǔng khǔng

persistent demand or emphasis.

1
3
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

PHRASE
rephrase v To express the same meaning as a diễn đạt lại
statement but using different words,
often for the purpose of clarity or
emphasis.

paraphrase v To restate a text or passage in one's diễn giải lại lời nói của một
own words, maintaining the original người khác theo cách của mình

Chuyên Anh's little cor

meaning but often with different
phrasing and structure.

phraseology n The style, choice of words, and phong cách diễn đạt
arrangement of phrases in speech
or writing.

PRINT
reprint v A reproduction or reissue of a in lại
previously printed work, often using
the same or similar format.

printing n The process of reproducing text in ấn

or images using a printing press
or a digital printer.

printer n A device or machine that produces máy in, thợ in

copies of text or images on paper or
other materials.

printout n The result of a printing process, bản in ra

typically a physical copy of a digital
document.

imprint n A mark or impression, both literal in dấu

and figurative, often associated with
a specific publisher, brand, or
influence.

printed adj Having undergone the process of đã in

printing, resulting in a physical copy.

(un)printable adj Refers to content that is (not) (không) thể in được

suitable or permissible for
publication, often due to offensive
or inappropriate material.

PUBLIC
publicize v To promote or advertise something công khai
to the general public, increasing
awareness and visibility.

1
3
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

publicity n The attention and visibility gained sự công khai

through promotion or coverage in
the media.A printed or digital work
made available to the public, such
as a book, magazine, or online
article.

publication n A printed or digital work made xuất bản

available to the public, such as a

Chuyên Anh's little cor

book, magazine, or online article.

publicist n A person or agency responsible for nhà quảng cáo

managing the public image and
promotion of individuals or
organizations.

publicly adv In a manner that is observable or một cách công khai

known to the general public.

SAY
gainsay⭐ v To deny, contradict, or dispute a phủ nhận
statement or claim.

saying n A brief expression or provial lời nói

statement conveying conventional
wisdom or advice.

unsaid adj Things that are not explicitly không nói ra

expressed or stated.

SPEAK
speech n The act of expressing thoughts, bài phát biểu
ideas, or emotions through
spoken words; a formal address.

speaker n A person who delivers a speech or người nói

talks to an audience.

spokesman/men/wo n A person who speaks on behalf of a phát ngôn viȃn (nam/nữ/người)

man/women/person group or organization.
/people

outspokenness n The quality of being candid, direct, sự thẳng thắn

or vocal in expressing one's
opinions.

(un)spoken adj Refers to things that are (not) (không) nói ra

expressed vally or communicated.

speechless⭐ adj Unable to speak, often due to shock, không nói nȃn lời
surprise, or strong emotions.

1
3
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

unspeakable⭐ adj Too extreme, shocking, or không thể diễn tả

horrifying to be expressed in
words.

unspeakably adv In a manner that is beyond the một cách không thể diễn tả
ability to be adequately expressed.

outspoken(ly)⭐ adj, Expressing opinions or thoughts thẳng thắn (một cách thẳng thắn)
adv openly and without reservation.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

STATE
restate v To express again in a different way nói lại
while maintaining the original
meaning.

overstate⭐ v To exaggerate or emphasize beyond phóng đại

what is accurate or reasonable.

understate⭐ v To present something as less nói giảm

important or severe than it actually
is.

statement n A clear and definite expression or lời tuyȃn bố/ khẳng định
declaration of a fact or opinion.

understatement n The act of presenting something sự nói giảm

as less important or serious than it
really is.

overstatement n Exaggeration or hyperbole in sự phóng đại

presenting something as more
important or severe than it really is.

understated adj Presented in a manner that giản dị

downplays or minimizes the
importance or severity.

overstated adj Emphasized or presented in phóng đại

a manner that exaggerates
the importance or severity.

reinstatement n the act of giving sb back their job or sự phục hồi ( về chức vụ, quyền lợi,..)
making sth exist again

SUGGEST
suggestion n An idea or proposal put forward for gợi ý
consideration, often implying a
possible course of action.

suggestibility n The susceptibility or readiness to tính dễ bị ảnh hưởng

accept and act upon suggestions.

1
4
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

suggested adj Proposed or recommended as an được gợi ý

idea or solution.

suggestive(ly) adj, Implying or indicating something gợi ý (một cách gợi ý)

adv indirectly, often with a hint or
insinuation.

suggestible⭐ adj Capable of being influenced or dễ bị gợi ý

prompted by suggestions.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

TALK
talker n A person who engages in người nói
conversation or frequently talks.

talkie n A film with synchronized sound, phim có tiếng

often used as a term for a talking
movie.

talkback n A system that allows một buổi nhận xét, trao đổi giữa
communication between the khán giả và người làm phim sau khi
audience and performers, especially phim được chiếu
in broadcasting.

talkative⭐ adj Inclined to talk a lot or engage in nói nhiều

conversation.

TYPE
typeset v To arrange and prepare text for sắp xếp đoạn vǔn, kiểu chữ
printing using a typesetting machine
or computer.

typecast⭐ v To assign an actor or person to a phȗn công một hoặc nhiều người
particular type of role or stereotype. vào một loại vai diễn

typify⭐ v To represent or embody the tạo ra một ví dụ điển hình về một

typical characteristics of a thứ gì đó
particular class or concept.

typist n A person who types, especially as a người đánh máy

job.

typewriter n A mechanical device used for typing máy đánh chữ

characters onto paper.

WORD
reword v To express or state viết lại
something differently while
retaining the essential
meaning.

1
4
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

(re)wording n The act or process of changing the sự diễn đạt lại cȗu chữ
wording of something, often to
improve clarity or style.

wordplay n The playful and creative use chơi chữ

of words, often involving puns
or clever language.

wordy adj Containing an excessive amount of chứa (quá) nhiều chữ

Chuyên Anh's little cor

words.

(re)worded adj Expressed or stated (được) viết lại

differently, often after revision.

wordless(ly) adj, Without words; silent or not không lời (một cách không lời)
adv expressed.

WRITE
rewrite v To write something again, often viết lại
with the intention of improving or
revising it.

writing(s) n The act or process of composing bài viết

text; also refers to written works in
general.

writer n A person who engages in the act of nhà vǔn, người viết
writing, especially as a profession.

unwritten⭐ adj Not expressed in writing; not không được diễn dãi thông qua việc
established by written laws or rules. viết, không được xȗy dựng bởi luật
hiện hành (eg: unwritten rules,...),
chưa viết, chưa hoàn thành việc viết

write-off n - a vehicle that is too - phương tiện di chuyển

damaged to be worth quá cũ kĩ và hư hỏng và
repairing không đáng để sửa
- một khoảng thời gian
- a period of time during không làm được việc
which you fail to
achieve anything

write-up⭐ n a report or article that makes a bài viết nhận xét

judgment about sth, such as a play
or film

1
4
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

Unit 12: CHANCE & NATURE

Vocab Cate Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. odds, likelihood, chance
odds n the likelihood or tỷ lệ, xác suất The odds are that you'll
probability of a pass the exam if you
particular outcome or study hard.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

event

likelihood n the chance of something khả nǔng xảy ra There is every

happening likelihood that this team
will lose in the next
tournament.

chance n the possibility of cơ hội, khả nǔng We took a chance

something happening, on finding a good
often by accident or restaurant without a
without planning reservation.

2. random, pot luck, uncertainty

(at) random n occurring without a ngẫu nhiȃn The numbers were
specific plan or pattern; drawn at random.
by chance

pot luck n a situation in which one tình thế không chắc chắn, The party was a pot
takes a chance on an dựa vào may mắn, trời độ luck, so everyone
uncertain outcome or brought a dish.
relies on what is
available

uncertainty n the state of being unsure sự không chắc chắn The uncertainty about
or not having definite the project's outcome
knowledge about worried the team.
something

3. cause, determine, instrumental

cause v something that brings nguyȃn nhȗn The cause of the
about a result or effect accident was a
mechanical failure.

determine v to decide or establish xác định The results of the test

something after will determine the next
consideration steps in the treatment.

instrumental adj important in bringing quan trọng, có vai trò Her research was
about a particular result quyết định, có sức instrumental in
ảnh hưởng cao developing the new
drug.

1
4
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

4. approximate, foresee, speculate

approximate v close to the actual but xấp xỉ, gần đúng The approximate cost of
not completely the project is $5,000.
accurate or exact

foresee v to anticipate or predict dự đoán It’s difficult to foresee all

something that will the potential challenges
happen in the future in a new business.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

speculate v to form a theory or suy đoán They speculated
conjecture about a about the reasons for
subject without firm the company's sudden
evidence decline.

5. blow, coincidence, hazard, mishap

blow n a sudden shock or cú sốc, tổn thất Losing the
setback championship was a big
blow to the team.

coincidence n a situation in which sự trùng hợp ngẫu nhiȃn It was a strange

events happen at the coincidence that we met
same time by chance in Paris after all those
but seem to have a years.
connection

hazard n a danger or risk mối đe dọa, sự nguy hiểm The icy roads pose a
serious hazard to drivers.

mishap n an unlucky accident or sự cố The picnic was ruined by

mistake a series of mishaps.

6. curse, jinx, fate

curse n a spell or utterance lời nguyền The old woman placed a
intended to bring about curse on the thief who
evil or misfortune stole her ring.

jinx n a person or thing that điều xui xẻo He believed that

brings bad luck breaking the mirror was
a jinx.

fate n the development of số phận She accepted her fate

events beyond a after the accident.
person's control,
regarded as determined
by a supernatural power

7. meander, mutate, wobble, stray

1
4
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

meander v to wander aimlessly or lang thang We meandered through

follow a winding course the streets of the old
town.

mutate v to undergo a change đột biến, biến đổi The virus mutated into a
or transformation, more dangerous strain.
often in a biological
context

Chuyên Anh's little cor

wobble v to move unsteadily from dao động, lắc lư The table wobbled
side to side because one leg was
shorter than the others.

stray v to move away from the đi lạc, lạc Even when you stray
correct path or place; from the path, you
to wander somehow end up right
where you’re meant to
be—right here with me.

8. haphazard, inadvertent, deliberate, spontaneous

haphazard adj lacking any obvious bừa bãi, ngẫu nhiȃn, The files were stored in
principle of không có sự sắp xếp a haphazard manner,
organization; random making them difficult to
find.

inadvertent adj not resulting from vô tình, không cố ý The error was due to an
deliberate planning; inadvertent oversight.
accidental

deliberate adj done consciously and cố ý, có chủ ý, cố tình The decision to

intentionally relocate was a
deliberate choice by
the management.

spontaneous adj occurring as a result of a tự phát, ngẫu hứng The spontaneous

sudden inner impulse or applause broke out after
inclination without the performance.
premeditation

9. ascribe, assiąn, attribute

ascribe (sth v to attribute something to quy cho, gán cho They ascribe the success
to) a cause or source of the project to the
team's hard work.

assign v to allocate or designate phȗn công, giao việc She was assigned
a task or responsibility the task of leading
the project team.

attribute (sth v to regard something as quy cho, gán cho The artist attributed his
to) being caused by a inspiration to his travels.
particular person or
thing

1
4
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

10. natural disaster, ąlobal warminą, famine, drouąht, flood,

hurricane
catastrophe n a sudden and thảm họa, tai ương The earthquake was
widespread disaster or a catastrophe that left
event causing significant thousands of people
damage, suffering, or homeless.
destruction

Chuyên Anh's little cor

natural n phr a catastrophic event thảm họa tự nhiȃn Earthquakes and
disaster caused by natural volcanic eruptions are
processes of the Earth examples of natural
disasters.

global n phr the long-term increase sự nóng lȃn toàn cầu Global warming has led
warming in Earth's average to rising sea levels and
surface temperature due more frequent heat
to human activities waves.

famine n an extreme scarcity of nạn đói The famine in the region

food, often leading to resulted in severe
widespread hunger and malnutrition among the
suffering population.

drought n a prolonged period of hạn hán The drought severely

abnormally low rainfall affected the local
that leads to a shortage agriculture and water
of water supply.

flood n an overflow of lũ lụt The flood caused

water that extensive damage
submerges land to homes and
which is usually dry infrastructure.

hurricane n a large, powerful cơn bão nhiệt đới, bão lớn The hurricane made
windstorm that landfall and caused
originates over tropical significant damage to
oceans and is the coastal areas.
characterized by strong
winds and heavy rain

11. aąriculture, crop, harvest, fossil fuels, resource

agriculture n the practice of nông nghiệp Agriculture is crucial for
cultivating the soil, providing food and raw
growing crops, and materials.
raising animals for food
and other products

crop n a cultivated plant cȗy trồng, mùa vụ The farmers harvested

grown as food, a bumper crop of wheat
especially a grain, fruit, this year.
or vegetable

1
4
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

harvest v the process of gathering thu hoạch The harvest season for
mature crops from the apples usually begins in
fields late summer.

fossil fuels n phr natural fuels formed nhiȃn liệu hóa thạch Fossil fuels are major
from the remains of sources of energy but
living organisms, such contribute to
as coal, oil, and natural environmental pollution.
gas

Chuyên Anh's little cor

resource n a supply of materials or
assets that can be
used
purposes
for various
tài nguyȃn Water is a vital resource
for sustaining life.

12. ąreenery, habitat, species

greenery n green foliage or plants; cȗy xanh, thảm thực vật The park's lush greenery
vegetation provided a pleasant
escape from the city.

habitat n the natural environment môi trường sống The rainforest is a

in which an organism diverse habitat for many
lives and thrives species of plants and
animals.

species n a group of organisms loài There are hundreds

that are capable of of species of birds in
interbreeding and the Amazon
producing fertile rainforest.
offspring

13. Other words

superstition n a belief or practice mȃ tín dị đoan Many people believe in
resulting from superstitions, such as
ignorance, fear of the avoiding walking under
unknown, or trust in ladders.
magic or luck

gamble v to take risky actions in đánh cược He decided to gamble

the hope of achieving a on the stock market,
desired outcome, often hoping for high returns.
involving money

startle to cause someone làm giật mình The loud noise from the
to feel sudden fireworks startled the
shock or surprise dog.

statistics n numerical data and the thống kȃ The statistics showed a

science of collecting, significant increase in
analyzing, and the population over the
interpreting such data decade.

1
4
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

sign n a signal or indication of dấu hiệu The dark clouds were a

something sign that a storm was
coming.

fluctuate to rise and fall dao động, lȃn rồi lại xuống Stock prices tend to
irregularly in number or fluctuate throughout the
amount trading day.

freak n a rare or unusual sự kiện hiếm có, bất The sudden snowstorm

Chuyên Anh's little cor

occurrence or thường in July was considered
event a freak occurrence.

lucky charm n phr an object believed to vật may mắn She always carries a
bring good luck lucky charm with her for
important events.

pick to choose or select chọn lựa She had to pick one

something from a group book from the many
available.

transpire v to occur or happen; to xảy ra, diễn ra The details of the

become known meeting will transpire
over the next few days.

exploit v to make full use of and khai thác, tận dụng The company sought
derive benefit from a to exploit the new
resource or situation market for their
products.

evacuate v to remove people from a sơ tán The authorities

dangerous place to a evacuated the area
safer location before the hurricane
hit.

scarce adj in short supply; not khan hiếm, thiếu Fresh water is
readily available becoming increasingly
scarce in many regions.

instinct n an innate, typically fixed bản nǔng Birds have the instinct to
pattern of behavior in migrate during certain
animals in response to seasons.
certain stimuli

appreciate v to recognize the full trȗn trọng I really appreciate

worth or value of your help with the
something; to be project.
grateful for

PHRASAL VERBS:

Phrasal verbs Meaniną Nąhĩa

1
4
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

chance upon find or see sb or sth when you did not vô tình gặp ai đó cách không mong

1
4
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

expect to muốn

come across meet sb or find sth by chance tình cờ gặp ai đó

cool down become cooler, or make sth cooler - hạ nhiệt

cool sb down - làm ai đó bớt giận

cut back (on) reduce the amount of sth, especially giảm, cắt bớt (đặc biệt là tiền, kinh phí)
money that you spend

Chuyên Anh's little cor

die out become weaker or less common dần dần biến mất, tuyệt chủng
and then disappear completely

dig up - remove sth from under - đào, khai quật thứ gì dưới mặt
the ground by digging đất lȃn
- dig holes in an area of land - đào lỗ
- find information by - tìm kiếm thông tin bằng cách tra
searching carefully cứu cẩn thận

dry up - if sth dries up or is dried up, - thứ gì đó trở nȃn khô hạn
all the water comes out of it
- stop being available - không có sẵn (nguồn cung cấp)

get through - use or finish sth - hoàn thành, hoàn tất việc gì đó
- manage to deal with a difficult - xử lý được chuyện gì đó hoặc
situation or stay alive until it is sống sót đến khi chuyện đó kết
over thúc
- finish dealing with some work, a
subject, etc - giải quyết thành công (công
việc, học hành)

heat up make sth hot; become hot - làm cái gì trở nȃn nóng lȃn
- cái gì nóng lȃn

kill off destroy living things so that most or tiȃu diệt, giết cái gì đó dần dần theo thời
all of them are dead gian

put sth down to sth if you put sth down to a particular cho rằng việc gì là lý do của chuyện gì đó
reason, you think it has happened
for that reason

slip up make a careless mistake - gȗy ra lỗi lầm

slip-up (n) a mistake or something that goes - lỗi sai
wrong

spring up appear or be produced suddenly xuất hiện hay được tạo ra cách không
and quickly mong muốn và nhanh chóng

store up - keep a lot of sth so that you - tích trữ, dự trữ

can use it later
- do sth that will cause problems - làm việc gì gȗy phiền phức
in the future trong tương lai

throw out - get rid of sth that you no longer - vứt bỏ thứ gì đó bạn không muốn

1
4
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

want, for example by putting it in

a dustbin
- force sb to leave a place or group - buộc ai rời khỏi tổ chức hay nơi
nào đó
- if sb in authority throws out a - không đồng thuận với kế hoạch,
plan, proposal, etc they refuse lời đề nghị nào đó
to accept it

throw up - produce sth new or unexpected - tạo ra điều không mong muốn

Chuyên Anh's little cor

- cause sth such as dust or - thải ra
water to rise into the air

IDIOMS:

Idiom Meaniną Nąhĩa

an act of God a natural event that cannot be hiện tượng thiȃn nhiȃn mà con
controlled or prevented by người không thể kiểm soát
humans, especially one that
causes a lot of damage, such as
an earthquake or a flood

come rain or shine whatever happens dù cho có chuyện gì xảy ra đi

chǔng nữa

down on your luck having a long period of difficulty trải qua thời kỳ khó khǔn, thiếu
finding work and earning money thốn tiền bạc, công việc không
ổn định

draw the short straw be chosen to do sth unpleasant được chọn để làm những việc
khó nhằn, gȗy khó chịu

have green fingers be good at growing plants có khả nǔng trồng / nuôi dưỡng
cȗy cối tốt

let the nature take its course allow sb or sth to live or die để một vật hoặc ai đó tồn tại một
naturally cách tự nhiȃn, không có sự tác
động đáng kể của con người
(thuốc,...)

no/without rhyme or reason (to be without any obvious không có lời giải thích rõ ràng
sth) reasonable explanation nào cho một việc gì đó

out of the blue if sth happens out of the blue, it is không lường trước
completely unexpected

be the luck of the draw be the result of chance and sth là kết quả tình cờ mà bản thȗn
that you have no control over không thể kiểm soát hay tính toán

1
5
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

trước được

touch wood/knock on wood said after a confident or positive được sử dụng để cầu may mắn, và
statement, express a hope for mong muốn may mắn đó sẽ tiếp
sb’s good luck to continue diễn

PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

Chuyên Anh's little cor

Phrase /
Collocation
Meaniną

BET
Nąhĩa

bet (sth) on to wager or risk a sum of money or cá cược ( tiền bạc hoặc một thứ
something valuable on the outcome có giá trị lȃn một điều gì đó)
of an event or a particular result

make a bet (with sb) to engage in a formal or informal đặt một ván cược ( với ai đó)
agreement with someone, typically
involving the exchange of money or
valuables, where both parties
predict a certain outcome and the
winner receives the agreed-upon
stakes

safe bet something that is highly likely to một ván cược có khả nǔng trúng
succeed or produce a favorable (rất) cao
outcome, often used figuratively

CERTAIN
know/say for certain to be completely sure or tự tin nói một điều gì đó ( vì bản thȗn
confident about a fact or tin đȗy là sự thật)
statement, without any doubt or
ambiguity

certain to do guaranteed or extremely likely to gần như chắc chắn sẽ xảy ra

happen; having a high degree of
certainty

make certain to take steps to ensure or verify kiểm chứng điều gì đó thực sự chắc
something, making it definite or free chắn
from doubt

certain of/about to have a high level of confidence or chắc chắn về

assurance regarding something

a certain (amount of sth) a specific and known quantity or một lượng vừa phải của một thứ gì
degree of something đó

CHANCE

1
5
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

take a chance (on) to risk or gamble on an uncertain lấy cơ hội nhằm làm một việc nhất
outcome or opportunity, often with định
the hope of achieving a positive
result

leave to chance to not take deliberate action or để một thứ tự xảy ra,... mà không tác
control over a situation, allowing it động đến
to be determined by random or
unpredictable factors

Chuyên Anh's little cor

by chance

by any chance
happening or occurring
unexpectedly, without prior
planning or intention

used to ask if something is

một cách tình cờ

sử dụng để hỏi nếu một thứ gì đó có

possible or if there is a slight khả nǔng xảy ra
probability of it happening

the/sb's chances of (doing) the likelihood or probability of khả nǔng của ai đó trong việc
someone or something achieving a làm một công việc nhất định
particular outcome

the chance to do an opportunity or favorable moment cơ hội để làm

to do something

second chance an opportunity to try again or make cơ hội thứ hai

amends after a previous failure or
mistake

last chance the final opportunity to do or cơ hội cuối cùng (duy nhất)
achieve something before it's too
late or before facing serious
consequences

pure/sheer chance something that occurs solely due to cơ hội rõ ràng ( xảy ra một cách bất
luck or randomness, without any ngờ, tình cờ mà không ai nghĩ đến)
apparent cause or design

there's every/no chance that Used to express a high or low (không) có cơ hội về việc …
probability of something happening

DINT
by dint of often used to indicate that dựa vào ( sự kiȃn trì,..)
something has been achieved
through determination or hard work/
by means of/ on account of

DISPOSAL
waste disposal the process of getting rid of or quá trình xử lý rác thải
managing waste materials in an

1
5
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

environmentally responsible and

safe manner

at sb's disposal available for someone to use or nằm trong quyền kiểm soát của ai
control

at the disposal of Under the control or available for dưới sự nắm quyền của
the use of someone or something

FIND

Chuyên Anh's little cor

find yourself (doing)

find sb doing
to unexpectedly be in a particular
situation or engaged in a particular
activity
chợt nhận ra bản thȗn đang

to discover or notice someone in the thấy rằng ai đó đang ..

act of doing something

find sth to perceive or consider something thấy/ cảm nhận rằng một việc gì đó
difficult/interesting/etc as being challenging, intriguing, or …
engaging

find your way to navigate and reach a destination định hướng

or achieve a goal, often used
metaphorically

GREEN
green politics a political ideology and movement tư tưởng/ lối đi chính trị tập trung
focused on environmental issues, vào bảo vệ môi trường
sustainability, and ecological
responsibility

green belt a designated area of land around a vành đai xung quanh đô thị nhằm
city or urban area where bảo vệ môi trường và ngǔn chặn
development is restricted or ô nhiễm
controlled to prevent urban sprawl
and protect the environment

(give sb) the green light to grant permission or approval for ra tín hiệu chấp thuận cho ai đó
something to proceed

greenhouse a structure, typically made of glass nhà kính

or plastic, used for growing and
protecting plants in a controlled
environment

the greenhouse effect the natural process by which hiệu ứng nhà kính
certain gasses in the Earth's
atmosphere trap heat from the sun,
leading to an increase in the
planet's average temperature

GUESS

1
5
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

guess at to estimate or make an approximate dự đoán/ ước lượng về

calculation or judgment about
something

guess that to make an assumption or tin một cách khá mơ hồ rằng

hypothesis about something based
on limited information or evidence

guess right to make a correct guess or dự đoán chính xác

Chuyên Anh's little cor

prediction about something

take/make/hazard a guess to make an estimate or dự đoán một cách không chắc chắn
(at) conjecture about something,
often with a degree of uncertainty

rough guess an estimate that is not precise or dự đoán thiếu chuẩn xác
exact, often based on limited
information

lucky guess an estimate or guess that turns dự đoán đúng dựa trȃn may mắn
out to be correct by chance rather
than knowledge or skill

wild guess an estimation or conjecture made dự đoán hoàn toàn không dựa trȃn
without any basis or evidence, often bất kì nguyȃn tắc nào
considered unlikely to be accurate

educated guess an estimate or conjecture based dự đoán dựa trȃn kiến thức và logic (
on some knowledge, reasoning, or nhưng không chắc chắn sẽ đúng)
information, but not guaranteed to
be correct

at a guess approximately or as a rough như một dự đoán

estimate

HAPPEN

happen to do to do something by chance or bỗng dưng làm việc gì đó

unexpectedly

it so happens that used to introduce a fact or sử dụng để nói về một sự thật hoặc
circumstance that occurs by chance một tình huống xảy ra tình cờ
or coincidence

as it happens used to introduce information or a cứ như thế,

statement that is relevant to the
current conversation/ actually/ as a
matter of fact

LIGHTNING
thunder and lightning Thunder is the sound produced by sấm sét
lightning, which is the sudden

1
5
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

electrical discharge between clouds

or between a cloud and the ground

a bolt/flash of lightning a sudden, bright, and sét/ tia sét

visible electrical discharge
during a thunderstorm

struck by lightning to be hit by a lightning bolt, which is bị sét đánh

a rare and dangerous occurrence

Chuyên Anh's little cor

that can cause injury or death

at lightning speed Extremely fast or quickly, often used với tốc độ ánh sáng
to emphasize rapid movement or
action

LUCK
push your luck to take risks or continue doing tiếp tục mạo hiểm để kéo dài sự may
something that has been mắn của bản thȗn
successful so far but could easily
turn out badly

wish sb luck to express your hope or desire chúc ai đó may mắn

for someone to have good
fortune or success in a particular
endeavor

trust to luck to rely on luck or chance rather than dựa vào vận may
careful planning or preparation

bring you good/bad luck to have a positive effect on sử dụng để nói rằng ai đó cho
someone's chances or outcomes, hoặc không cho bạn sự may mắn
often associated with good fortune

the luck of the draw refers to a situation where tình huống mà khi kết quả dựa vào
outcomes are determined may rủi ( board games,..(
randomly or by chance, such as
drawing lots or cards

a stroke/piece of luck an unexpected and fortunate event một khoảnh khắc/ sự kiện may mắn
or circumstance that benefits
someone

as luck would have it an expression used when dựa vào may rủi
something happens by chance or
coincidence, whether good or
bad

in luck to be fortunate or lucky may mắn

with any luck Expresses the hope that something với bất kì vận may nào
will turn out well or favorably

NATURAL

1
5
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

completely/totally natural to be entirely in accordance with the hoàn toàn tự nhiȃn

laws of nature or not involving
artificial or synthetic elements

natural causes Events or phenomena that occur as yếu tố tự nhiȃn

a result of natural processes,
without human intervention

natural ability Innate or inherent skill or talent in a bản nǔng

Chuyên Anh's little cor

particular area, often referred to as a
person's natural gift

natural resources Materials or substances found in the tài nguyȃn thiȃn nhiȃn
environment that are used by
humans, such as minerals, water,
and forests

natural selection a fundamental concept in biology chọn lọc tự nhiȃn

where species evolve and adapt
over time through the process of
selective survival and reproduction
of individuals with advantageous
traits

NATURE
the nature of the inherent or essential qualities or bản chất của
characteristics of something

by nature Inherent to a person's character or bởi/ dựa vào bản nǔng

a thing's inherent qualities

in nature Referring to something as it trong tự nhiȃn ( không có tác động

exists in its natural state, without con người)
human alteration or modification

Mother Nature a personification of the forces of Mẹ Thiȃn Nhiȃn

nature, often used to describe
nature as a powerful and
uncontrollable entity

human nature the inherent or fundamental bản chất loài người

qualities and characteristics that are
common to all humans, often
referring to traits like
self-preservation or social
tendencies

second nature a behavior or skill that has become tập tính hoặc kĩ nǔng được tạo dựng
so ingrained and habitual that it và quen thuộc đến nỗi được xem là
feels natural or automatic bản chất của một ..

ODDS

1
5
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

the odds of doing the likelihood or probability of a khả nǔng xảy ra của đầu ra
particular outcome occurring

the odds are (that) a statement indicating the khả nǔng chỉ ra rằng
probability or likelihood of a certain
event or outcome happening

the odds are in favor Indicates whether the probability is khả nǔng đang có thiȃn hướng tích
of/against on the side of a favorable or cực/tiȃu cực

Chuyên Anh's little cor

unfavorable outcome

against all the odds describes a situation where đối đầu với/ vượt qua mọi rào cản
something unexpected or unlikely
occurs despite unfavorable
conditions or challenges

RAIN
rain hard/heavily to rain with significant intensity and mưa lớn/ nặng hạt
volume, resulting in a substantial
amount of precipitation

pour with rain to rain heavily and continuously, mưa lớn và dai dẳng, cùng với nặng
often with large raindrops falling hạt
rapidly

heavy/light rain refers to the intensity of rainfall, mưa lớn/nhỏ

with heavy rain being more intense
and light rain being less intense

rainbow a meteorological phenomenon cầu vồng

consisting of a spectrum of colors
that appears in the sky when
sunlight is refracted, dispersed,
and reflected by raindrops

rainwater Water that has fallen as nước mưa

precipitation, typically collected for
various purposes such as irrigation
or household use

caught in the rain to be outdoors when it starts raining bị mắc mưa

unexpectedly, often resulting in
getting wet

RISK
risk sth on to put something valuable or rủi ro một thứ gì đó vào
important in a situation where it
may be lost or harmed due to
uncertainty or danger

1
5
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

risk doing to take a chance or engage in an liều mình làm một việc gì đó
action or activity that carries
potential negative consequences or
uncertainties

risk one's life to put oneself in a situation where đánh cược mạng sống
there is a significant danger to one's
survival or safety

Chuyên Anh's little cor

take a risk to willingly accept the possibility chấp nhận rủi ro
of a negative outcome in pursuit
of a goal or benefit

run the risk of to expose oneself to the potential of mang rủi ro

facing a negative consequence or
danger

put sth at risk to place something in a situation khiến một thứ gì đó có thể bị đe
where it could be harmed, dọa,...
damaged, or lost due to a particular
action or decision

pose a risk to to create a potential danger or tạo ra rủi ro/ nguy hiểm cho
threat to something or someone

the risk of the likelihood or probability of a rủi ro liȃn quan đến

negative event or consequence
occurring

at the risk of doing despite the possibility of dẫu cho rủi ro về việc …
experiencing a particular negative
consequence

SUN
sun yourself to bask in the warmth of the sun, tắm nắng
typically for relaxation or to acquire
a tan

in the sun being exposed to sunlight or being dưới ánh mặt trời
in a sunny location

sunbathe to lie in the sun, typically with the tắm nắng

intention of tanning or enjoying the
warmth

sunlight the natural light from the sun that ánh nắng
illuminates the Earth during the day

sunrise the moment when the sun first bình minh

becomes visible above the horizon
in the morning

1
5
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

sunset the moment when the sun hoàng hôn

disappears below the horizon in the
evening, resulting in the end of
daylight

sunshine Bright and direct sunlight, often ánh sáng mặt trời
associated with good weather and a
cheerful atmosphere

Chuyên Anh's little cor

THREAT
pose a threat (to) to present a danger, risk, or tạo ra sự đe dọa đến
potential harm to someone or
something

face a threat to confront or be in a situation đối mặt với sự đe dọa/nguy hiểm

where a danger or risk is present or
imminent

under threat being in a state of danger or at dưới sự đe dọa

risk of harm or adverse
consequences

threat of the possibility or likelihood of a sự đe dọa về

negative event or danger occurring

idle threat a warning or declaration of harm or lời rǔn đe

punishment that is not meant to be
carried out and is typically made
without serious intent

bomb threat a warning or communication đe dọa đánh bom

indicating the presence of an
explosive device or the intention to
use one

death threat a serious and explicit threat to harm đe dọa/ dọa giết
or kill someone

WEATHER
good/bad/etc weather refers to the current atmospheric thời tiết tốt/xấu
conditions, whether they are
favorable, unfavorable, or of a
specific type (eg, rainy weather,
sunny weather)

freak weather unusual or unexpected thời tiết bất thường

weather conditions that deviate
from the norm or are out of the
ordinary

in all weathers able to withstand or function sử dụng để chỉ ra khả nǔng chịu
effectively in any type of weather đựng dưới mọi loại điều kiện thời tiết
conditions

1
5
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

under the weather Feeling unwell or experiencing a cảm giác mệt mỏi, ốm
mild illness, often used informally

weather forecast a prediction of future weather dự báo thời tiết

conditions, typically provided by
meteorological experts

weatherproof Designed or treated to withstand kháng chịu các loại thời tiết ( sử
exposure to various weather dụng để mô tả đồ vật)

Chuyên Anh's little cor

conditions without damage

WIND
light/strong wind refers to the speed and force of gió mạnh/nhẹ
moving air, with light wind being
gentle and mild, and strong wind
being forceful and potentially
disruptive

gust of wind a sudden and brief burst of strong một luồng gió mạnh
wind

in the wind in the air or atmosphere, often trong luồng gió ( ngụ ý rằng khi một
used figuratively to suggest that thứ gì đó được cảm thấy trong luồng
something is imminent or can be gió thì thứ đó sắp diễn ra và có thể
sensed cảm nhận được)

winds of change a metaphorical expression referring những luồng thay đổi liȃn tục ( đặc
to significant or transformative biệt về xã hội và chính trị)
shifts or developments, especially
in society or politics

WORD FORMATION:
Word Cate Meaniną Nąhĩa

ASSESS
reassess v To evaluate or analyze something đánh giá lại
again, typically in order to make
adjustments or updates.

(re)assessment n The process of evaluating or (sự) đánh giá (lại)

appraising something again.

assessor n A person who evaluates or judges người đánh giá

the quality, value, or nature of
something.

1
6
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

assessed n Evaluated or appraised, often in đã được đánh giá

terms of value or worth.

CAUSE
causation n The action of causing something; nguyȃn nhȗn
the relationship between cause and
effect.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

causal adj Relating to or involving a cause. nhȗn quả

causative adj Indicating or expressing a cause. gȗy ra

CONSERVE
conservation n The preservation, protection, or sự bảo tồn
careful management of resources,
such as natural habitats, wildlife, or
energy.

conservationist n A person who advocates for or nhà bảo tồn

actively participates in the
conservation of natural resources.

conservatism n A political or social philosophy chủ nghĩa bảo thủ

emphasizing the preservation of
traditional institutions and practices.

conservative adj Favoring traditional values and bảo thủ, truyền thống
practices, and avoiding rapid or
radical changes; often associated
with right-leaning political views.

ECOLOGY
ecologist n A scientist who studies the nhà sinh thái học
relationships between organisms
and their environments.

ecological(ly) adj, Relating to ecology, the study of the sinh thái học (thuộc về sinh thái)
adv relationships between living
organisms and their environments.

ELUDE
elusiveness n The quality of being difficult to sự khó nắm bắt
grasp, define, or catch.

elusive(ly)⭐ adj, Tending to escape or evade khó nắm bắt (một cách khó nắm
adv perception, understanding, or bắt)
capture.

ERODE

1
6
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

erosion n The gradual wearing away of soil, sự xói mòn

rock, or land by natural forces such
as wind, water, or ice.

ERUPT
eruption n A sudden release or outbreak, sự phun trào
often of something intense or
violent, such as a volcanic eruption.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

EXTINCT
extinction n The complete disappearance or sự tuyệt chủng
extermination of a species or group
of organisms.

FAVOUR
favouritism⭐ n The unfair practice of giving sự thiȃn vị
preferential treatment to a person or
group.

favourite adj A preferred person or thing. yȃu thích

(un)favourable adj (Not) advantageous or (không) thuận lợi

beneficial; positive or negative.

(un)favourably adv (Not) in a way that is advantageous (không) thuận lợi (một cách
or positive. thuận lợi)

FORTUNE
misfortune⭐ n Bad luck or an unfortunate event. sự bất hạnh

(un)fortunate(ly) adj, (Not) having good fortune or luck; (không) may mắn (một cách
adv (un)luckily. không may)

fortuitous(ly)⭐ adj, Happening by chance or luck, often tình cờ (một cách tình cờ)
adv in a fortunate way.

INSTINCT
instinctive(ly)⭐ adj, Acting or done without conscious theo bản nǔng (một cách bản nǔng)
adv thought; based on natural instinct.

INTEND
intention n A purpose or plan. ý định

(un)intended adj (Not) planned or deliberate. (không) có ý định

(un)intentional(ly) adj (Not) done on purpose; without (không) cố ý (một cách không cố ý)
intent.

1
6
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

well-intentioned⭐ adj Wanting to have good effects, but có ý tốt

sometimes having bad effects
that were not expected

MOUNT
surmount⭐ v To overcome or prevail over, vượt qua
typically a difficulty or obstacle.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

mountain n A large natural elevation of the núi
earth's surface rising abruptly from
the surrounding level; a large hill.

mountaineer(ing)⭐ n A person who climbs mountains or nhà leo núi (leo núi)
engages in the sport or activity of
mountain climbing.

surmountable adj Capable of being overcome or có thể vượt qua

conquered.

insurmountable⭐ adj Impossible to overcome or surpass. không thể vượt qua

mountainous adj Having many mountains or being nhiều núi

characterized by the presence of
mountains.

MYSTERY
mystify v To perplex or bewilder someone; to làm bối rối
make mysterious or difficult to
understand.

demystify⭐ v To make (a difficult or làm sáng tỏ

esoteric subject) clearer and
easier to understand

mystification n The act or process of causing sự làm bối rối

confusion or perplexity.

mysterious(ly)⭐ adj, Characterized by an air of mystery; bí ẩn (một cách bí ẩn)

adv difficult to understand or explain.

OCCUR
recur v To happen again, especially at tái diễn
regular intervals.

occurrence n An instance of something sự xảy ra

happening; an event or
incident.

recurrence n The act of occurring again or sự tái diễn

repeating.

1
6
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

recurring⭐ adj Happening repeatedly; tái diễn

occurring more than once.

recurrent adj Occurring or appearing again, mang tính tái diễn

especially repeatedly or periodically.

PROBABLE
(im)probability n The likelihood or chance of (không) có khả nǔng

Chuyên Anh's little cor

something happening or being true.

improbable adj Not likely to happen or be true; không có khả nǔng

unlikely.

(im)probably adv (Not) likely to happen or be true; (không) có thể (một cách không có
(un)likely. khả nǔng)

RISK
risky adj Involving the possibility of danger, mạo hiểm
harm, or loss.

SEEM
seeming(ly)⭐ adj, Appearing to be true or real, dường như
adv especially when this is not the case.

(un)seemly⭐ adj (Of behaviors or actions) (không) hợp lệ, đoan trang
(not) proper or appropriate

THREAT
threaten v To express an intention to harm or đe dọa
cause pain; to pose a danger.

threatened adj At risk of being endangered, bị đe dọa

harmed, or adversely affected.

threatening(ly) adj, In a manner indicating a threat or đe dọa (một cách đe dọa)

adv danger.

WILD
wilderness⭐ n An uncultivated, uninhabited, and vùng hoang dã
inhospitable region; a wild and
natural area.

wildlife n Animals and plants living in their động vật hoang dã

natural environment.

wildness n The quality of being wild or tính hoang dã

untamed; the state of being in a
natural, uncontrolled state.

wildly adv In a wild or uncontrolled manner. một cách hoang dã

1
6
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

bewilder v To confuse or puzzle someone. làm hoang mang

bewildered⭐ adj Confused or perplexed. hoang mang

bewildering adj Causing confusion or perplexity. gȗy hoang mang

bewilderment⭐ n The state of being bewildered; sự hoang mang

confusion or puzzlement.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

1
6
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

Unit 14: QUANTITY & MONEY

TOPIC VOCABULARY:
Vocab Cate Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. abundant, ample, considerable, countless, immense, vast
abundant adj existing in large dồi dào, phong phú The region is abundant in

Chuyên Anh's little cor

quantities; more than natural resources like coal
enough and iron.

ample adj enough or more than đủ, nhiều We have ample time to
enough; plentiful finish the project
before the deadline.

considerable adj large in size, amount, or đáng kể, lớn The company made a
degree considerable profit this
year.

countless adj too many to be counted; vô số, không đếm xuể She has faced countless
innumerable challenges in her career.

immense adj extremely large or great bao la, to lớn, rộng lớn The ocean's
immense power is
both
awe-inspiring and
terrifying.

vast adj, n of very great extent or rộng lớn, bao la The desert is a vast and
quantity barren landscape.

2. area, dimension, extent, maąnitude, mass, volume

area n a specific space, region, khu vực, diện tích The park covers a large
or part of something area in the city.

dimension n a measurable extent of kích thước We need to measure the

some kind, such as dimensions of the room
length, breadth, or before buying furniture
height

extent n the area covered by mức độ, phạm vi The extent of the damage
something; the degree was worse than expected
to which something has
spread

magnitude n the great size, cường độ, độ lớn, độ The earthquake had a
importance, or extent of quan trọng magnitude of 7.0 on the
something Richter scale.

mass n a large quantity or khối lượng The mass of people

amount of something, gathered in the square for
the protest.

1
6
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

typically having no
definite shape

volume n the amount of space thể tích (1l = 1dm3) We need to calculate the
that a substance or volume of water in the
object occupies tank.

3. finite, meaąer, minor, minute

Chuyên Anh's little cor

finite adj having limits or bounds có giới hạn, hữu hạn Natural resources on
(amount) Earth are finite and must
be used wisely.

meager adj lacking in quantity or ít ỏi, nghèo nàn His salary was meager
(salary) quality; insufficient compared to the amount
of work he did.

minor adj lesser in importance, nhỏ, không đáng kể He sustained only minor
(problems) seriousness, or injuries in the accident.
significance

minute adj extremely small nhỏ bé, vi mô There was only a minute
(detail) difference between the
two candidates'
qualifications.

4. fraction, proportion, rate, ratio

fraction n a small part or portion of phȗn số, phần nhỏ Only a fraction of the
something students passed the exam

proportion n a part or share in tỉ lệ, phần A large proportion of the

relation to the whole population supports the
new policy.

rate n a measure or quantity tỉ lệ (tỉ lệ tội phạm,...) A large proportion of the

of something in relation population supports the
to something else new policy.

ratio n a measure or quantity tỉ số, tỉ lệ (tỉ lệ phȗn số) The ratio of students to
of something in relation teachers is 15:1.
to something else

5. diminish, shrink
diminish v to make or become less giảm bớt, thu nhỏ The company's reputation
began to diminish after the
scandal.

shrink v to become smaller in co lại (quần áo), thu nhỏ The company's profits
size or amount have shrunk in the
last quarter.

6. expand, heap, quantify

1
6
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

expand v to increase in size, mở rộng The company plans to

number, or importance expand its operations into
Europe.

heap v to put a large amount of chất đống, chồng lȃn She heaped the books
something into a pile or onto the desk after sorting
to accumulate a great through them.
quantity of something in
a disorganized way

Chuyên Anh's little cor

quantify v to measure or express
the quantity of
something
định lượng, đo lường

7. batch, sum
It is difficult to quantify the
effects of climate change
on wildlife.

batch n a quantity or group of mẻ, lô hàng This batch of cookies

items produced or turned out better than the
processed at one last one.
time

sum n the total amount tổng số The sum of the parts was
resulting from the greater than the individual
addition of two or more components.
numbers, amounts, or
items

8. equation, imbalance
(make the) n the act of considering làm cho cȗn bằng There is a tendency in
equation one thing to be the movies to make the
(between) same as or equal to equation between
another violence and excitement.

imbalance n a situation in which a situation in which There is an imbalance

(between) different things do not different things do not between supply and
occur in equal or proper occur in equal or proper demand in the market.
amounts amounts

9. deposit, direct debit, down payment, overdraft, mortąaąe

deposit n money placed into a tiền gửi, tiền đặt cọc She made a deposit
bank account or a sum to open her new
of money paid as part of savings account.
a purchase or lease

direct debit n a payment method chuyển khoản tự động The monthly utility
where a bank bills are paid through
automatically deducts direct debit.
money from a person's
account to pay a regular
bill or subscription

1
6
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

down n an initial payment made tiền đặt cọc, khoản thanh They made a down
payment when buying something toán đầu tiȃn payment on the house to
on credit, usually a secure the mortgage.
percentage of the total
price

(run up) n a facility that allows a thấu chi (ngȗn hàng cho She used her overdraft to
overdraft bank account holder phép người đi vay được cover unexpected
(facilities) to withdraw more chi vượt quá số dư tiền expenses.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

money than is gửi thanh toán của mình
available in the đến một giới hạn nhất
account định)

mortgage n a loan taken out to khoản vay mua nhà

purchase property,
where the property itself
is used as collateral

10. benefit, compensation, damaąes, dividend, lump sum, pension

benefit n an advantage or profit quyền lợi, lợi ích The job offers several
gained from something; benefits, including health
often used in the context insurance and paid leave.
of employment or
insurance

compensatio n payment given for work tiền bồi thường, thù lao He received compensation
n done or to make up for for the damages caused
loss or injury to his property.

damages n financial compensation tiền bồi thường thiệt hại The court awarded
awarded to someone damages to the plaintiff
who has suffered loss or for medical expenses and
injury due to another's lost wages.
actions

dividend n a portion of a cổ tức Shareholders received a

company's earnings dividend at the end of the
distributed to its financial year.
shareholders

lump sum n a single payment of số tiền trả một lần, He received a lump sum
money, rather than a khoản tiền lớn as a retirement payout.
series of payments
over time

pension n a regular payment made lương hưu She will receive a pension
(scheme) to a person after they after retiring from her job.
retire from work, often
based on their earnings
and years of service

11. deduct, withdraw

1
6
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

deduct v to subtract or take away khấu trừ, khấu hao The accountant will
an amount from a total deduct taxes from the
employee’s salary.

withdraw v to take money out of rút tiền She withdrew $200 from
a bank account or her savings account.
other financial
account
12. finance, investment, speculate

Chuyên Anh's little cor

finance n the management of
large amounts of
money, especially by
governments or large
tài chính He works in finance,
handling investments and
financial planning.

companies

investment n the action or process of đầu tư Real estate can be a

investing money to profitable investment if
generate profit or done wisely.
income

13. interest, share

interest n the cost of borrowing lãi suất The bank charges interest
money, usually on the amount of money
expressed as a borrowed.
percentage of the
amount borrowed, or the
profit earned from
investments.

share n a unit of ownership in a cổ phiếu, cổ phần She bought shares in

company or financial a technology
asset. company.

14. Other words

bulk n the large size or mass of khối lượng lớn, số They ordered a bulk of
something lượng lớn supplies to save on costs.

equidistant adj at equal distances from cách đều, cùng The park is equidistant
two or more points khoảng cách from both my house and
my office.

force n strength or energy as an lực, sức mạnh The force of the impact
attribute of physical caused the car to crumple.
action or movement

intensity n the degree of strength cường độ, mức độ The intensity of the storm
or force; the amount increased throughout the
of energy or power night.

1
7
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

major adj greater in importance, to lớn, phần chính The major changes in
size, or degree the policy were
announced last week.

multiple adj having or involving nhiều, số lượng lớn The company has multiple
several parts, elements, branches across the
or members country.

uyên Anh's little

ration n a fixed allowance of khẩu phần, phȗn phối The army issued a daily
provisions or food, ration of food to each
especially for soldiers or soldier.
sailors; to allocate

corner
something in limited
quantities

sufficient adj adequate quantity, đầy đủ, thích hợp There was sufficient
quality, or degree to evidence to support the
meet the needs claim.

uneven adj not level or smooth; không đồng đều The terrain was
varying in quality or uneven, making hiking
quantity difficult.

widespread adj occurring over a large lan rộng, phổ biến The flu outbreak was
area or affecting widespread throughout
many people the country.

debt n money that is owed or nợ She is working hard to pay

due to another party off her student debt.

insurance n a financial arrangement bảo hiểm He has car insurance to

providing protection cover potential accidents.
against financial loss or
damage

PHRASAL VERBS:

Ch Phrasal verbs
add up to -
Meaniną
if separate amounts add up to
a total amount, together they
-
Nąhĩa
công dồn, cộng gộp lại

form that total

- combine to produce a - hợp lại để tạo ra kết quả
particular result or effect

break down divide sth such as a total amount into chia nhỏ ra
separate parts
breakdown (n)

1
7
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

build up - increase or make sth increase - gia tǔng, làm tǔng lȃn
- gradually develop - phát triển dần
- talk abt sb or sth in a very - thảo luận, nói về điều gì đó tích
positive way so that people cực để mọi người có cái nhìn tốt
are impressed with them về nó
- make sb bigger, healthier or - làm ai đó bự hơn, khỏe hơn,
stronger esp by making them mạnh hơn bằng cách bắt họ ǔn
eat more
build-up (n)

Chuyên Anh's little cor

buy off

buy out
give sb money so that they do not act
against you

pay money to your business partner

so that you can control all of a
mua chuộc, đút lót

thôn tính doanh nghiệp nào đó

business you previously owned

together
buyout (n)

buy up buy large amounts of sth or all of it mua rất nhiều số lượng hàng hóa
that is available

carry over take sth that you earn or are given in dời sang lần tới, chuyển sang lần khác
one year or period of time into the
next one
carry-over (n)

clock up reach a particular number or account đạt đến một số lượng nào đó

club together if people club together, each of them cùng góp tiền lại để mua thứ gì đó
gives some money so all the money
collected can be used to buy sth

drum up try to make people support you or buy làm mọi người ủng hộ mình hoặc mua
sth from you thứ gì đó từ mình

mount up get much larger trở nȃn to hơn

pay back give sb the same amount of money trả nợ, trả lại tiền đã mượn
that you borrowed from them

pay out - spend or pay money, esp a lot - trả rất nhiều tiền
of money
- provide money from an - đầu tư theo từng giai đoạn
amount invested over a period
of time

size up think carefully and form an opinion suy nghĩ cẩn thận hay xem xét lại người
about a person or a situation nào hay tình huống nào đó

take away remove one number or quantity from lấy bớt ra, bỏ bớt đi
another number or quantity

1
7
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

weigh down - make sb heavy and unable - đè nặng làm ai đó không di

to move easily chuyển được
- cause problems for sb or sth - gánh nặng trȃn vai ai đó
or make sb worried

IDIOMS:

Chuyên Anh's little cor

Idiom
a drop in the ocean
Meaniną
a very small amount compared to
the amount needed
Nąhĩa
chỉ một lượng nhỏ so với tổng số
lượng cần

break even have no profit or loss at the end không có doanh thu hay thua lỗ
of a business activity sau một thời gian của một tổ
chức/doanh nghiệp

fall short (of sth) fail to reach an amount or không thể đạt được tiȃu chuẩn/ số
standard that was expected or lượng được mong đợi, gȗy ra sự
hoped for, causing thất vọng
disappointment

fifty-fifty equal, or into two equal parts hai phần bằng nhau/chia đôi

go halves share the cost of sth with sb so chia tiền cần thanh toán ra một
that you each pay 50% nửa để cả hai cùng trả

it’s as broad as it’s long used for saying that you cannot sử dụng để nói rằng bản thȗn
choose between two things or không thể lựa chọn 1 trong 2 điều
actions because they are equal gì đó vì chúng bằng nhau

keep up with the Joneses try to be as rich, successful, etc cố gắng đua theo để trở nȃn giàu
as your neighbors or friends có và thành công,.. như những
người bạn hay những người xung
quanh

knee-high to a grasshopper very small, because you were rất nhỏ con (do nhỏ tuổi) hoặc
very young rất trẻ

line your pocket(s) obtain money, especially thu/nhận tiền một cách bất hợp
by acting dishonestly pháp

lock. stock and barrel including every part of a tất cả mọi thứ của một vật gì đó
particular thing, situation, place,
etc

six of one (and) half a dozen of used for saying that two things sử dụng để nói rằng cả hai điều
the other are equally good or bad đều có 2 mặt tốt và xấu gần
như tương tự nhau

1
7
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

tidy sum/amount large sum/amount một khoảng lớn

PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

Phrase / Collocation Meaniną Nąhĩa
BIG

Chuyên Anh's little cor

make a big thing out of to emphasize or exaggerate phóng đại tầm quan trọng của cái gì
the importance or significance đó, thường là theo một cách không
of something, often cần thiết
unnecessarily

make it big to achieve great success or fame in đạt được một thành tựu lớn
a particular field or endeavor trong một lĩnh vực nào đó

big on having a strong preference or có sự yȃu thích hơn cho một cái
enthusiasm for something; being a gì đó; là người hȗm mộ, ủng hộ
fan or supporter of something cái gì đó

big of sb (to do) used sarcastically to highlight when dùng để nói một cách mỉa mai rằng
someone is doing something that is thật tốt khi ai đó làm điều gì đó
expected of them or not particularly
generous or significant

great big an informal way to describe miȃu tả cái gì đó rất lớn (một
something that is very large or cách gần gũi)
substantial

big business refers to large and influential nói đến một công ty, ngành công
companies or industries that have a nghiệp có ảnh hưởng lớn đến
significant impact on the economy nền kinh tế

big-headed having an inflated sense of one's kiȃu cǔng, tự cao tự đại

own importance or abilities; being
arrogant or conceited

big-hearted describes someone who is kind, tử tế, bao dung, cảm thông
generous, and compassionate
towards others

Big Bang a scientific theory that explains the thuyết Vụ Nổ Lớn (nói về nguồn gốc
origin of the universe as an vũ trụ là từ một vụ nổ các vật chất,
explosion of matter and energy nǔng lượng)
from a singular point

big name a person or brand that is widely một người/nhãn hàng được nhiều
recognized and famous, often due người biết tới, thường nhờ thành tựu,
to their achievements or reputation danh tiếng

big money refers to a substantial amount of một khoản tiền lớn, thường dùng
money, often in the context of trong giao dịch, thu nhập tài chính

1
7
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

significant financial transactions or

earnings

big game typically refers to large or important một sự kiện thể thao
sporting events, especially in the (chuyȃn nghiệp) lớn
context of professional sports

DEAL

Chuyên Anh's little cor

deal in to be involved in or conduct tham gia điều phối một doanh
business or activities related to a nghiệp, hoạt động liȃn quan đến
particular product, service, or một sản phẩm, dịch vụ cụ thể
commodity nào đó

deal with to handle or manage a situation, đối mặt, giải quyết một tình huống,
problem, or person vấn đề, một ai đó

deal a blow to to cause significant damage or harm gȗy ra thiệt hại đến ai đó, cái gì đó,
to something or someone, often thường là bằng lời nói
metaphorically

make a big deal (out) of to treat something as more đối xử với cái gì đó quá quan
important or significant than it trọng so với nó thật sự là; phóng
actually is; to exaggerate or đại, làm quá một tình huống
overemphasize a situation

cut/make/reach/strike a deal to negotiate and agree on terms đi đến thỏa thuận, nhất là trong kinh
(with) or conditions, especially in a doanh
business context

get/have a good deal (on) to obtain a favorable arrangement nhận thỏa thuận tốt hoặc giá tốt
or price for something

big deal something that someone thinks is một điều được cho là quan
very important or serious trọng, nghiȃm trọng

a good/great deal of a significant amount or quantity of một lượng đáng kể

something

DEPTH
in depth to thoroughly examine or explore a kiểm tra, khám phá một chủ
topic, issue, or subject đề/vấn đề một cách sȗu gốc

to/at a depth of referring to the distance below the đến một độ sȗu nào đó
surface of something, often used
in the context of measurement

hidden depths refers to qualities, talents, or những tài nǔng, điểm tốt còn ẩn giấu
characteristics in a person or thing
that are not immediately apparent
but become evident upon closer
examination

1
7
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

the depths of a metaphorical reference to the

most profound or intense aspects
of something, often used to
describe emotions or experiences

out of your depth to be in a situation or dealing with a đối mặt với tình huống quá khó nhằn
subject matter that is too hoặc vượt sự hiểu biết
challenging or beyond one's level
of expertise or understanding

Chuyên Anh's little cor

get/grow fat (on)
FAT
to gain weight, typically due to
overeating or lack of physical
activity
tǔng cȗn, thường do ǔn quá nhiều
hoặc ít vận động

fat chance an expression used to indicate that ý nói rằng một điều gì đó rất có khả
something is highly unlikely to nǔng xảy ra
happen

a fat lot of good/help/use used sarcastically to emphasize dùng một cách mỉa mai để nhấn
that something or someone has mạnh rằng ai/cái gì không hề
been of little or no benefit or giúp ích gì
assistance
HIGH
look/search high and low to search thoroughly and tìm kiếm ở mọi ngóc ngách
exhaustively, often in various places
or locations

high risk of refers to a situation where there is có thể xảy ra một điều không mong
a significant probability or likelihood muốn, điều không tốt
of something undesirable or
negative occurring

high priority refers to tasks, issues, or matters những việc, vấn đề được ưu tiȃn
that are considered to be of utmost
importance and should be dealt
with promptly

in high spirits to be in a cheerful, positive, and cảm thấy vui vẻ, tích cực, đầy nǔng
energetic mood; to be feeling happy lượng
and optimistic

high finance the complex and sophisticated tài chính cấp cao
world of financial markets,
investments, and transactions
typically involving large sums of
money

1
7
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

high time an expression used to suggest that miȃu tả đã đến lúc điều gì đó cần
something should have been done xảy ra, cần phải xong; hoặc cái gì
or should happen soon; it's long đó đã quá hạn
overdue

on a high to be in a state of euphoria or cực kỳ vui sướng

extreme happiness, often after a
positive experience or achievement

Chuyên Anh's little cor

a new/all-time/record high refers to the highest point or level đạt đến đỉnh cao mới
ever reached, whether in
statistics, performance, or
achievements

high tech describes technology that is công nghệ cao

advanced, sophisticated, and often
involves cutting-edge innovations

high street in British English, it refers to the đường lớn, đại lộ (tập trung
primary retail and commercial nhiều hàng quán, doanh nghiệp)
street in a town or city, often
populated with a variety of shops
and businesses

LARGE
(as) large as life refers to the appearance of như thật; bằng xương bằng thịt
something or someone in a very
vivid and lifelike manner, often
used to express surprise or
emphasis

at large - (criminal/dangerous animal) at - (tội phạm/loài vật nguy hiểm)

liberty; escaped or not yet tự do, bỏ thoát, chưa bị bắt
captured
- as a whole, in general - chung chung, nhìn chung

in large measure/part to a significant extent or degree; có kích thước lớn, chiếm phần lớn
indicating that something is mostly
or largely responsible for a
particular outcome

larger than life describes someone or something ý nói một cái gì đó còn ấn tượng,
that is more impressive, grandiose, phóng đại hơn cả thực tế (về kích cỡ,
or exaggerated in personality or đặc điểm, tính cách..)
size than typical

large-scale refers to activities, projects, or quy mô lớn

operations that involve a
substantial amount of resources,
often on a grand or extensive level

LENGTH

1
7
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

go to any lengths to do anything, no matter how làm mọi thứ để đạt được gì đó,
extreme, dishonest, wicked etc, bất chấp thủ đoạn
to achieve a particular aim

go to great lengths to use a lot of effort to get or nỗ lực thật nhiều để đạt được mục
achieve something đích

run the length (and breadth) If you travel the length and breadth đi hết mọi ngách của một nơi nào đó
of of a place, you go to every part of it

Chuyên Anh's little cor

of (un)equal length describes objects or elements that không dài bằng nhau
have (or do not have) the same
measurement or duration in terms
of length

in length refers to the measurement of an dùng khi đo độ dài một cái gì đó

object or distance along its longest hoặc đo khoảng cách
dimension

(for any) length of time refers to any period of time, vào bất cứ lúc nào
regardless of its duration

at length - in detail, taking a long time - một cách chi tiết, cặn kẽ,
tốn nhiều thời gian
- at last - sau cùng

LOAD
load sth with/into to put or place a quantity of chất đầy với/trong cái gì
something, often a substance
or items, into or onto a
particular object or vehicle

take a load off (your feet) to sit down and rest, especially ngồi xuống nghỉ ngơi sau khi đứng
when one is tired or has been nhiều hoặc khi mệt
standing for a long time

a (whole) load of an informal expression indicating a [không trang trọng] rất nhiều cái gì
large quantity or amount of đó
something

loads of another informal way to describe a rất nhiều cái gì đó

substantial or abundant quantity of
something

a heavy load to bear/carry refers to a significant burden, một gánh nặng, trách nhiệm gì
responsibility, or problem that is đó khó khǔn mà phải gánh vác
challenging to manage or cope with

LONG

1
7
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

take a long hard look at to carefully and critically examine or xem xét, cȗn nhắc kỹ càng,
consider something, often in a thường là về một vấn đề nghiȃm
thorough and serious manner trọng nào đó

at long last - after a significant amount - sau thời gian dài chờ đợi
of time or waiting
- finally, at a late stage - cuối cùng

long way refers to a considerable distance or còn một quãng đường dài

Chuyên Anh's little cor

extent, either literally in terms of
physical distance or metaphorically
in terms of progress or
achievement

in the long run/term over an extended period of time; lȗu dài

looking at the future consequences
or outcomes of a decision or action

long time no see a friendly greeting used when you đã lȗu không gặp
haven't seen someone for a while

as/so long as a conditional phrase indicating that miễn là

something is true or can happen
only if a particular condition or
requirement is met

long-distance refers to activities, relationships, khoảng cách xa về mặt địa lí (yȃu

or communication that occur over xa, hoạt động xa…)
a significant geographical
distance

all day/week/etc long for the entire duration of a specific kéo dài suốt cả ngày / tuần / tháng /
time period, such as a day, week, or …
other time frame

LOT

that’s your lot an expression indicating that ý nói cái gì để kết thúc rồi, không
something has ended or that there còn nữa
is no more available

have a lot on to be dealing with a large number đang phải đối mặt với nhiều trách
of responsibilities, tasks, or nhiệm, nhiệm vụ, nhiều lo lắng
concerns

lots of a colloquial way to describe a nhiều

large quantity or number of
something

a lot of refers to a considerable amount or nhiều

quantity of something

an awful lot signifies an exceptionally large rất nhiều (nhấn mạnh)

amount or degree of something

1
7
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

a lot on your mind to have many thoughts, worries, có nhiều suy nghĩ, lo lắng, gȗy cǔng
or concerns occupying your thẳng
thoughts and causing stress

the lot refers to everything or the entirety tất cả mọi thứ/mọi người trong một
of a particular group or collection số vật hoặc nhóm người

sb’s lot (in life) describes a person's circumstances, hoàn cảnh, trải nghiệm sống, số
experiences, or fate in life, often phận trong đời của một người

Chuyên Anh's little cor

implying their share of challenges
and opportunities

MONEY
make/earn/spend/cost/etc to create, acquire, use, or kiếm tiền/có giá tiền là/dùng tiền …
money require currency or financial
resources

get your money’s worth to receive good value or benefits in nhận được
exchange for the money spent

put your money where your to take action or invest money to hành động, đầu tư vào cái gì đó
mouth is support one's words or claims mà mình đã nói

pay good money for to spend a significant amount tiȃu một số tiền lớn cho một vật
of money on something, đáng giá
indicating high value or quality

made of money an informal expression suggesting [không trang trọng] ý nói một người
that someone is very wealthy or giàu có, nhiều tiền
has a lot of money

for my money an opinion or perspective based ý kiến, quan điểm dựa vào kinh
on one's personal belief or nghiệm cá nhȗn
experience
PAY
pay dearly for to experience significant negative nhận hậu quả, hình phạt nặng nề vì
consequences or punishment as hành động của mình
a result of one's actions

pay sb a compliment to express admiration or praise for khen ngợi ai đó

someone's qualities, appearance, or
actions

pay your way to pay for everything yourself tự chi trả cho bản thȗn, không phụ
without having to rely on anyone thuộc vào ai
else’s money

pay your (last) respect to to show respect or thể hiện lòng thành cho ai đó khi
condolences, often by attending họ đã mất, nhất là khi dự đám tang
a funeral or memorial service

1
8
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

pay the penalty/price for to face the consequences, often chịu những hậu quả cho hành động,
negative, for one's actions or quyết định của mình
decisions

it pays to indicates that there are benefits or ý nói rằng làm việc gì đó sẽ có
advantages to a particular course of lợi ích, kết quả tốt
action or behavior

pay rise an increase in salary or wages given tǔng lương

Chuyên Anh's little cor

to an employee

pay and display a system where payment is made hệ thống máy thu tiền và trình phiếu
for parking, and a ticket is gửi xe
displayed in the vehicle to prove
payment

pay freeze a situation in which employees do đóng bǔng mức lương (công ty
not receive salary or wage không trả hoặc không tǔng lượng
increases for a period of time một thời gian do hạn chế tài chính)

take-home pay the amount of money an employee lương thực tế / lương ròng (lương
receives after deductions (taxes, nhận được khi lấy tổng lương trừ đi
insurance, etc) have been các khoản khấu trừ)
subtracted from their gross
earnings

POOR
(come a) poor second to finish in second place, often đứng vị trí thứ hai, thường là
with a significant gap or có khoảng cách/thất thế lớn so
disadvantage compared to the với người chiến thắng
winner

poor loser someone who reacts badly or with người thua cuộc nhưng có thái
bad sportsmanship when they lose độ hằn hộc, khó chịu
a game, competition, or argument

poor girl/boy/etc an empathetic or sympathetic (thể hiện sự thương xót, đồng cảm)
expression used to describe miȃu tả người trong tình cảnh kém
someone who is in a difficult or may mắn, khó khǔn
unfortunate situation

poor relation a person or thing considered less người, vật có điểm giống với người,
important or inferior in comparison thứ gì khác nhưng lại không quan
to others trọng, không đáng giá bằng

a poor man’s sth a cheaper or less impressive bản bắt chước theo cái gì đó quý giá,
alternative to something more đắt tiền nhưng rẻ tiền hơn và không
expensive or prestigious bằng

RICH
rich in abundant or possessing a large giàu về, có nhiều (thường là một đặc
quantity of something, often used in điểm hay loại tài nguyȃn gì đó)
the context of resources or qualities

1
8
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

filthy/stinking rich an informal expression indicating giàu nứt đố đổ vách

extreme wealth

rich and famous describes individuals who are both vừa có tiền vừa có tiếng
wealthy and well-known or
celebrated for their achievements

(the) rich and (the) poor a reference to social and economic người giàu và người nghèo
disparities between affluent and

Chuyên Anh's little cor

less affluent individuals or groups

SHARE
share with/between/among to divide or distribute something
among multiple people or groups

share and share alike a principle that encourages equal

sharing or division of resources
or benefits among those involved

share in/of to have a portion or participation in

something, often a business,
investment, or experience

shareholder a person or entity that owns shares cổ đông

or stocks in a company, making
them a partial owner of that
company

share index = stock index a measure that tracks the chỉ số thị trường chứng khoán
performance of a group of stocks or
shares in a financial market

share option = stock option an option to buy or sell shares of a quyền chọn cổ phiếu
company at a specific price within a
certain time frame

share-out the distribution or allocation of sự phȗn chia cho nhiều người

something, such as resources,
responsibilities, or rewards,
among a group

SHORT
(run) short of to have less of something than is
needed or expected; to run out of
a particular resource or item

(have a ) short temper/fuse to become easily irritated or

angered, often over minor issues

1
8
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

draw/get the short straw to be chosen or assigned the least

desirable or most challenging
option or task

make short work of to complete a task or deal with hoàn thành nhanh, hiệu quả,
something quickly and efficiently, thường là làm rất hǔng hái
often with ease

a short while/period/spell a brief or limited duration of time quãng thời gian ngắn, giới hạn

Chuyên Anh's little cor

at short notice with very little advance warning or không báo trước / báo trước rất sát
preparation time ngày, gấp rút

short and sweet concise and to the point, often used

to describe a brief and
straightforward communication or
message

shortlist a list of selected candidates, danh sách gồm những thí sinh,
options, or items that have been những lựa chọn hoặc món đồ đã
chosen from a longer list for further được chọn lọc
consideration

SIZE
that’s about the size of it an informal way of saying that a cách nói không trang trọng rằng
description or explanation is lời miȃu tả hay giải thích nào đó là
accurate or complete chính xác

cut sth to size to trim or adjust something to fit điều chỉnh thứ gì để nó phù hợp, vừa
specific dimensions or requirements vặn với yȃu cầu,

in size refers to the physical dimensions or về kích thước

measurements of an object or entity

full size at the actual or standard size, kích cỡ thực tế, tiȃu chuẩn
without reduction or scaling

size of refers to the dimensions or kích thước của

measurements of
something

downsize to reduce the size or scale of giảm kích cỡ, quy mô của cái gì đó,
something, often used in the thường là một tổ chức, doanh
context of organizations or nghiệp
businesses

SMALL
feel/look small to feel or appear unimportant or trông có vẻ không quan trọng so với
insignificant in comparison to others những thứ khác

(it’s) a small world an expression used to express dùng

surprise at encountering someone

1
8
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

or something unexpectedly in a
distant or unlikely place

in a/some/no small way nidicates that something has had a có ảnh hưởng hoặc đóng góp ít
significant impact or contribution,
even if it may not be immediately
obvious

with a small ‘c’/etc refers to whether a word should be

Chuyên Anh's little cor

capitalized or written in lowercase,
often used in grammar or
typography

small change a small amount of money or a minor khoảng tiền nhỏ hoặc vấn đề nhỏ
matter, often used informally

small hours the early hours of the morning, khoảng thời gian rất sớm vào
typically between midnight and buổi khuya cho đến gần sáng
dawn

small screen refers to television, especially in màn hình nhỏ (ý chỉ ti vi)
contrast to the big screen of a
movie theater

small talk casual and light conversation cuộc trò chuyện nhỏ, tán gẫu
about non-serious topics, often
used in social settings or as an
icebreaker
THIN
have a thin skin to be sensitive to criticism or easily dễ nhạy cảm với lời đánh giá, lời
offended by comments or actions of nhận xét
others

skating on thin ice engaging in risky behavior or being đánh liều

in a precarious situation where a
mistake could lead to negative
consequences

out of/from/into thin air disappearing or appearing suddenly xuất hiện hoặc biến mất một
and mysteriously, often used when
something seems to vanish or
materialize unexpectedly

thin on the ground scarce or in short supply, khan hiếm

referring to the limited
availability of something

thin on top refers to someone who is losing bị thưa tóc, hói dần
their hair and has a receding
hairline
WEAK

1
8
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

weak at the knees to feel physically or emotionally bủn rủn, vì quá xúc động, hào hứng,
unstable, often due to excitement, sợ hãi, …
fear, or attraction

weak on lacking knowledge, ability, or không có kiến thức, khả nǔng,

proficiency in a particular area or sự thuần thục một lĩnh vực, kỹ
skill nǔng nào đó

on weak ground in a situation where one's trong tình thế bất lợi, vị trí hoặc lí lẽ

Chuyên Anh s little

position or argument is kém thuyết phục, đang lung lay
vulnerable or unconvincing

weak argument an argument that lacks sound lời lẽ không thuyết phục, không hợp
reasoning, evidence, or persuasive lý

corner
power

weak point/spot a vulnerability or flaw in a plan, điểm yếu của một kế hoạch, một lý
argument, or system that can be lẽ hoặc hệ thống
exploited

weak-willed lacking the determination or thiếu kiȃn định, thiếu kỷ luật với bản
self-control to resist temptation or thȗn
make difficult decisions

WORD FORMATION:
Word Cate
'
Meaniną

ADD
Nąhĩa

addition n - The act or process of adding sự bổ sung thȃm, sự thȃm vào

something to something else
- An increase or enhancement

addendum n - An additional item, typically phụ lục

added to a book or
document
- A supplement or appendix
addenda (plural of n - Multiple items that are added các phụ lục
addendum) to a book, document, or
other written work
- A collection of supplementary
materials

additive⭐ n - A substance added to chất phụ gia

something in small quantities
to improve or preserve it
- Can also refer to
something that adds or
contributes incrementally

1
8
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

additional(ly) adj - Extra or supplementary; bổ sung (thȃm vào)

added beyond the usual or
expected
- (Additionally) Used to
introduce an extra factor
or further point; in
addition

add-on adj, n - Something added to an phụ kiện, phần bổ sung

Chuyên Anh's little cor

existing structure or
system
- An accessory or extension
BENEFIT
beneficiary⭐ adj A person or group that receives người thụ hưởng
benefits, especially from a will,
trust, insurance policy, or
government program.

beneficial(ly)⭐ adj, Having a good or favorable effect; có lợi (một cách có lợi)
adv advantageous.

benefactor⭐ n A person who gives money or other nhà hảo tȗm

help to a person or cause, typically
in the form of a donation.

benefaction n The act of giving help, often in the việc làm từ thiện
form of financial assistance; a
donation or gift.

BRIEF
debrief⭐ v To question someone after a mission phỏng vấn sau khi hoàn thành
or event to gather information or nhiệm vụ
evaluate their performance.

(de)briefing v The process of interviewing or (sự) phỏng vấn sau khi hoàn thành
questioning someone after an nhiệm vụ
event, usually to gather information
or assess the outcome

brevity⭐ n Conciseness; the quality of sự ngắn gọn

expressing much in a few words.

briefs n - Can also refer to a type of quần lót nam, tài liệu ngắn
short, tight-fitting underwear
- Short, written summaries or
outlines of a legal case,
argument, or other
documents

briefly adv For a short time; in a concise manner một cách ngắn gọn

BROAD

1
8
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

broaden v To widen or expand; to make mở rộng

something wider in scope or range

1
8
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

breadth n The extent or range of something; bề rộng

the distance or measurement
from side to side

broadly adv In a general sense; covering a một cách rộng rãi

wide scope

CONSIDER

Chuyên Anh's little cor

consideration n Thoughtful regard for others; careful sự cȗn nhắc
thought or attention, especially in
making a decision

considered adj Thought through carefully; đã được cȗn nhắc

well-considered or deliberate

considering adj Taking into account; in view of the xét đến

fact that

(in)considerable⭐ adj (In)significant in size, amount, or (không) đáng kể

degree

considerably adv To a large extent; greatly. một cách đáng kể

DEEP
deepen v To make or become more profound, làm sȗu thȃm
intense, or deeper in quality or
quantity

depth n - The distance from the top độ sȗu (chiều cao, kiến thức)
or surface to the bottom of
something
- The extent of profundity or
complexity in thought or
knowledge.

deeply n In a profound way; to a great extent; sȗu sắc

intensely.

DISTANT
(equi)distance n - The amount of space (sự) cách đều
between two points
- The condition of being equally
distant from two or more points

equidistant⭐ adj Equally distant from two or more cách đều

points

(equi)distantly adv - In a manner that shows (một cách) cách đều

distance or
remoteness.
- Positioned at equal distances
from two or more points.

1
8
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

DRAW
withdraw⭐ v To remove or take away rút lui/ rút lại
something; to retreat or disengage
from an activity or situation.

withdrawal n The act of withdrawing, particularly sự rút lui

from a place, position, or
involvement; also refers to the

Chuyên Anh's little cor

removal of money from a bank
account.

drawing n - The act or art of making bản vẽ

pictures or designs with
a pencil, pen, or other
instruments
- Refer to the process of
selecting winners in a lottery or
other random selection
process.

overdrawn adj Having a negative balance in a bank bị thấu chi

account due to withdrawing more
money than is available.

withdrawn adj - Shy or reserved - rụt rè

- Having retreated or removed - thu mình, rút lui
oneself from social
interaction.

drawback n A disadvantage or hindrance; hạn chế

something that reduces the
effectiveness or enjoyment of
something.

drawn-out adj Extended over a long period of time; kéo dài

prolonged.

EXTEND
extent n - The degree, scope, or range mức độ
of something
- The size or scale of something.

extension n The act of expanding or lengthening sự mở rộng

something; an increase in size,
scope, or duration.

(un)extended adj (Not) lengthened or stretched out (không) mở rộng

extensive(ly)⭐ adj Covering a large area or rộng rãi (một cách rộng rãi)
scope; comprehensive.

1
8
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

extendable adj Capable of being extended or có thể mở rộng

prolonged.

extenuate⭐ v To lessen the seriousness or giảm nhẹ

severity of something, often by
providing partial excuses.

extenuation n The act of making something less sự giảm nhẹ

serious or more forgivable; a

Chuyên Anh's little cor

mitigating factor.

FINITE
infinity n The state or quality of being infinite vô cực
or endless; an immeasurable
quantity.

infinitive adj The basic form of a v, often nguyȃn mẫu

preceded by "to" (e.g., "to run"),
used as a n or a complement.

infinite(ly) adj, Without limits or end; immeasurably vô hạn (một cách vô hạn)
adv large or numerous.

infinitesimal(ly)⭐ adj, Extremely small; an amount so tiny vô cùng nhỏ (một cách vô cùng nhỏ)
adv that it is almost negligible.

HIGH
heighten v To increase the intensity, degree, nȗng cao
or amount of something; to make
something more intense or
noticeable

highlight⭐ v To emphasize or make something điểm nổi bật

stand out; to draw attention to
something important.

height n The measurement of something chiều cao

from base to top; the quality of
being tall or elevated.

highness n The state or quality of being high or độ cao

elevated; also a title used to
address royalty.

heightened adj Made more intense or elevated; được nȗng cao

increased in intensity, sensitivity, or
awareness.

highbrow adj Intellectual or cultured; often used học giả, trí thức
to describe something that appeals
to people with sophisticated tastes.

1
8
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

highly adv To a great degree; very much. rất, cao

LARGE
enlarge⭐ v To make something bigger mở rộng, làm to lȃn
or increase in size or scope.

enlargement n The act or process of making sự mở rộng, sự phóng to

something larger; an increase in size

Chuyên Anh's little cor

or extent.

largely adv For the most part; mainly. phần lớn

LONG
prolong⭐ v To extend the duration of kéo dài
something; to make something last
longer.

lengthen⭐ v To make or become longer in làm dài ra

distance or time.

length n The measurement or extent of chiều dài

something from end to end; the
duration or extent of something.

longevity⭐ n Long life; the duration of an tuổi thọ

individual’s life or the lifespan of
something.

longhand Writing done by hand in cursive or viết tay

regular script, as opposed to
typing or shorthand.

longing(ly) n, adv A strong desire or yearning for khao khát (một cách khao khát)
something

long-winded adj Using too many words; tediously dài dòng (dùng nhiều chữ)
lengthy in speech or writing.

lengthy⭐ adj Long in duration or extent; extended dài dòng (thời gian, sự việc), kéo dài
or prolonged.

prolonged adj Lasting longer than usual or kéo dài thời gian
expected; extended in time.

lengthways n In the direction of the length; along theo chiều dài

the longest dimension.

lengthwise⭐ n In a direction parallel to the length; theo chiều dài

similar to lengthways.

elongate⭐ v To make something longer or kéo dài (thường theo chiều rộng)
extend in length.

1
9
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

elongation n The process of lengthening or sự kéo dài

stretching; the state of being
elongated.

longitude n The geographic coordinate that kinh độ

specifies the east-west position of a
point on the Earth's surface.

longitudinal adj Running lengthwise rather than theo chiều dài, theo chiều dọc

Chuyên Anh's little cor

across; relating to or involving the
lengthwise direction.

long-haul n A long distance or journey, đường dài

typically involving significant effort
or duration.

LOT
allot⭐ v To distribute or assign a portion of phȗn bổ
something, often according to a plan
or a need.

allotment n A share or portion of something that sự phȗn bổ

has been allotted; a plot of land
assigned for gardening or other use.

sublot n A smaller division of a larger lot or tiểu phȗn

plot, often used in real estate or
land development.

MAGNIFY
magnificence n The quality of being grand, sự tráng lệ, lớn lao
splendid, or extremely beautiful;
greatness in appearance or
character.

magnification n The process of making sự phóng đại

something appear larger than it
is, typically through a lens or
microscope; the degree to which
an object is enlarged.

magnificent(ly) adj, Impressively beautiful, elaborate, or tráng lệ (một cách tráng lệ)/ một
adv striking; excellent in quality. cách lớn lao, vĩ đại

magnifying adj Causing something to appear phóng đại

larger, especially by using a lens or
other device.

MAJOR
majority n The greater number or part; đa số
more than half of a total.

1
9
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

majorette n A girl or woman who leads a nữ hướng dẫn đội diễu hành
marching band or drill team, often
twirling a baton.

MINOR
minority n The smaller number or part, thiểu số
especially a number that is less than
half of the whole; a group differing

Chuyên Anh's little cor

from the majority, especially in race,
religion, or ethnicity

PAY
overpay v To pay more than the required or trả quá mức
expected amount.

underpay v To pay less than the required or trả không đủ

expected amount.

repay v To pay back money that was trả lại

borrowed or to return a favor or
service.

overpayment n The act of paying more than what is trả quá mức
due or required.

underpayment n The act of paying less than what is trả không đủ

due or required.

(re)payment n - The act of giving money for thanh toán (lại)

goods or services or to settle
a debt.
- The act of paying back
money that was borrowed.

payback n The act of returning money or sự hoàn trả

favor; revenge; the time it takes to
recover an investment.

payee n The person or entity to whom người nhận tiền

money is paid.

payer n The person or entity who pays người trả tiền

money.

payload n The total weight of passengers, trọng tải

cargo, and instruments carried by a
vehicle, especially in a spacecraft or
missile.

payoff⭐ n The return or reward received for an kết quả

effort or investment; the act of

1
9
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

settling a debt or resolving a

situation.

payout n The distribution of money, tiền trả

especially as a result of an
insurance claim, lottery win, or
other financial agreement.

payroll n The total amount of money that a bảng lương

Chuyên Anh's little cor

company pays to its employees; the
list of employees who receive
payment.

payslip n A document given to an employee bảng lương

showing the amount of pay
earned and deductions made.

overpaid⭐ adj Having received more payment than trả quá mức
was due.

underpaid⭐ adj Receiving less payment than is trả không đủ

due for work performed.

payable adj Due to be paid; capable of being có thể trả

paid.

unpayable adj Not capable of being paid, often không thể trả
because the amount is too large or
beyond the means of the debtor.

non-repayable⭐ adj Not required to be paid back, often không thể hoàn trả
used in the context of grants or
financial aid.

PORTION

apportion v To divide and allocate something sự phȗn chia

according to a plan or rule.

proportion n The relationship between parts of a tỷ lệ

whole in terms of size, amount, or
degree; balance or symmetry.

proportional adj Corresponding in size, degree, or tỷ lệ thuận

intensity; having a constant ratio.

disproportionate⭐ adj Not in correct or balanced không cȗn xứng

proportion; excessively large or
small in comparison with something
else.

disproportion adj The lack of proper proportion or sự không cȗn xứng

balance between parts;
imbalance.

1
9
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

WEIGH
weight n The measure of how heavy trọng lượng
something is; the force exerted by
gravity on an object’s mass.

weightlifter n A person who lifts weights, người cử tạ

especially competitively.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

weighlifting n The sport or activity of lifting heavy cử tạ
weights as a form of exercise or
competition.

weighting n The process of assigning different đo cȗn nặng, cȗn nặng

levels of importance or influence to
items in a set; a factor that
influences results in statistical
analysis.

overweight adj Having more body weight than is thừa cȗn

considered healthy or normal.

underweight adj Having less body weight than is thiếu cȗn

considered healthy or normal.

weighted adj Adjusted to account for the được đo cȗn nặng

importance of different factors;
made heavier by adding weight.

weightless adj Lacking weight or the sensation of không trọng lượng

weight, typically experienced in
freefall or outer space.

weighty adj Heavy or substantial in weight; nặng

important or serious in nature.

lightweight adj - Having less weight than nhẹ

average or usual; not
heavy
- Something or someone of little
substance or importance.

1
9
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

Unit 16: MATERIALS & THE BUILT

ENVIRONMENT
Vocab Cate Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. block, chip, crack, crumb, flake, ąrain, lump, speck
block n a solid piece of material khối tảng The construction workers

Chuyên Anh's little cor

or an obstacle that used a block of concrete to
prevents movement or build the wall.
progress

chip n a small piece broken off mảnh vỡ (ly, chén,...), The ceramic cup had
from a larger object or sứt mẻ a small chip on its
surface rim.

crack n a narrow line or fissure vết nứt, khe hở The old window had a
in a surface caused by crack running through it.
damage or stress

crumb n a small fragment or vụn bánh (bánh mì,..), There were crumbs
piece of food, especially mảnh vụn scattered on the table
bread from the morning’s
breakfast.

flake n a small, thin piece that vảy, mảnh vỡ The paint on the wall
has come off from a (glass), bong ra began to peel off in flakes.
larger surface, often in (snow)
layers

grain (of n a small, hard particle or hạt (salt/rice/sand), The grain of the sand was
truth) seed; the texture or viȃn nhỏ rough and gritty.
pattern in materials like
wood

lump n a solid mass or piece of khối, cục There was a lump of

something that is clay that had hardened
irregular in shape in the bucket.

speck n a very small spot or vết nhỏ (dust) The white dress had a tiny
mark; a tiny particle speck of ink on it.

2. opaque, transparent
opaque adj not allowing light to mờ đục, không The opaque curtains kept
pass through; not trong suốt the sunlight from entering
transparent the room.

transparent adj allowing light to pass trong suốt, rõ ràng The transparent glass
through so that objects (không mập mờ…) window let in plenty of
natural light.

1
9
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

behind can be distinctly

seen

3. brittle, fraąile, firm, stiff

brittle adj hard but likely to break giòn, dễ vỡ The brittle ceramic
or shatter easily broke into many pieces
when it fell.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

fragile adj easily broken or mong manh, dễ vỡ The fragile glass
damaged; delicate vase needed to be
handled with care.

firm adj solid and not chắc chắn, cứng The firm mattress
easily moved or provided excellent
changed; strong support for sleeping.
and steady

stiff adj not easily bent or cứng, khó uốn cong The stiff collar of the shirt
moved; rigid made it look more formal.

4. dense, compact, hollow

dense adj closely packed dày đặc, đông đúc The dense fog made it
together; thick difficult to see the road
ahead.

compact adj closely packed nhỏ gọn, chặt chẽ The compact car is
together; small and perfect for city driving due
efficient in space to its small size.

hollow adj having a hole or empty rỗng, có lỗ The hollow tree trunk was
space inside home to several small
animals.

5. crush, ąrind, smash, squeeze, squash, tear

crush v to press or squeeze nghiền, đè nát He accidentally crushed
something with force so the can when he stepped
that it becomes on it.
damaged or deformed

grind v to reduce something to xay ra, nghiền She used a grinder to

small particles or grind the coffee beans
powder by crushing it into a fine powder.

smash v to break into pieces đập vỡ, phá tan The vase was smashed
violently or with great into pieces when it fell off
force the shelf.

squeeze v to press something vắt, nén, ép She squeezed the sponge

firmly, often causing it to to get rid of excess water.
change shape or release
a liquid

1
9
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

squash v to crush or squeeze ép, nén, đè bẹp He accidentally squashed

something so that it the sandwich in his bag.
becomes flat or
deformed

tear v to pull something apart xé, làm rách She accidentally tore the
or make a hole in it by page from the book.
pulling or ripping

Chuyên Anh's little cor

6. stack, pile
stack v to arrange things in an chồng lȃn, xếp chồng They stacked the boxes
ordered pile in the corner of the room.

pile v arrange objects into xếp chồng, xếp đống There was a large pile of
a pile leaves in the yard ready
for raking.

7. dilute, dissolve, concentrate

dilute v to make a liquid weaker pha loãng, làm yếu đi He diluted the orange
by adding water or juice with water to make it
another liquid; to lessen less sweet.
in force

dissolve v to mix a solid into a hòa tan, tan ra The sugar will dissolve
liquid until it disappears completely in the hot
or becomes part of the coffee.
liquid

concentrate v to make a liquid or làm cô đặc Plants and

substance stronger microorganisms can
by removing some of concentrate metals from
its water the environment

8. liquid, solid
liquid n, adj a substance that flows chất lỏng, dạng lỏng Water is a liquid that is
freely and takes the essential for life.
shape of its container;
not solid or gas

solid n, adj a substance that chất rắn, dạng rắn Ice is a solid form of water.
maintains its shape and
volume; not liquid or gas

9. mould, stuff
mould v, n to shape or form a đúc khuôn, tạo hình, định The artisan moulded the
substance using a hình clay into a beautiful vase.
mould; to influence or
shape something or
someone

1
9
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

stuff v, n to fill something tightly làm đầy, nhồi She stuffed the turkey
with material; to pack or with a mixture of herbs
cram something into a and bread before roasting
space it.

10. scrub, polish, pat, stroke

scrub v to clean something by chà, cọ rửa She scrubbed the kitchen
rubbing it hard with a floor until it was spotless.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

brush, cloth, or
sponge

polish v to make a surface shine đánh bóng, làm sáng He polished the
by rubbing it; to improve silverware to make it look
or refine something brand new.

pat v to touch or stroke vỗ nhẹ, xoa nhẹ She patted the dog on the
someone or something head to comfort it.
gently with your hands

stroke v to move your hand vuốt ve (thú cưng) He stroked the cat's fur
gently over something; gently, calming it down.
to touch or caress with
a smooth motion

11. mineral, fabric, substance

mineral n a naturally occurring khoáng chất The geologist studied
substance that is various minerals found in
typically solid and the rock samples.
inorganic

fabric n a material, typically vải, chất liệu The dress was made from
produced by weaving or a soft, luxurious fabric.
knitting textile fibers

substance n a particular kind of chất liệu, vật chất Water is a substance that
matter with uniform is essential for all known
properties; material with forms of life.
a specific chemical
composition

12. district, inner city, suburban, urban

district n an area or section of khu vực, quận The financial district is
a city or town, often known for its
defined by particular concentration of banks
characteristics or and corporate offices.
administrative
boundaries

inner city n the central area of a trung tȗm thành phố The inner city is
major city, often undergoing
characterized by older

1
9
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

buildings and redevelopment to improve

economic challenges housing and amenities.

suburban adj relating to or thuộc về ngoại ô They moved to a suburban

characteristic of a neighborhood to enjoy a
suburb; typically quieter, family-friendly
residential areas outside environment.
the central city

Chuyên Anh's little cor

urban adj relating to or đô thị, thuộc thành phố The urban landscape is
characteristic of a city bustling with activity and
or town diverse cultural
experiences.

13. housiną, hiąh-rise, skyscraper

housing n buildings or nhà, chỗ ở Affordable housing is a
accommodations for major issue in many cities.
people to live in

high-rise n, adj a tall building with tòa nhà cao tầng She lives in a high-rise
many floors, typically overlooking the river,
used for residential or
office purposes

skyscraper n a very tall building with tòa nhà chọc trời The skyscraper dominates
many stories, typically the city's skyline with its
found in large cities impressive height.

14. construct, demolish

construct v to build or put together xȗy dựng, kiến tạo They are planning to
something, such as a construct a new bridge
building or a structure across the river.

demolish v xȗy dựng, kiến tạo phá hủy, dỡ bỏ The old factory was
demolished to make way
for new development.

15. bypass, evict, occupy

bypass v to go around or avoid đi vòng qua, tránh The new road will bypass
something, especially a the town to reduce traffic
congested area or congestion.
obstacle

evict v to force someone to đuổi, khai trừ The landlord had to evict
leave a property or the tenants for not paying
place, usually due to their rent.
legal reasons

1
9
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

occupy v to reside in or use a cư trú The new office building

place will occupy the entire
block.

16. infrastructure, surroundinąs

infrastructur n the basic physical and cơ sở hạ tầng Investments in
e organizational structures infrastructure, such
and facilities needed for as roads and bridges,

Chuyên Anh's little cor

the operation of a are crucial for
society or enterprise economic
development.

surrounding n the area or môi trường xung quanh The peaceful surroundings
s environment around a of the countryside
particular place or thing provided a perfect escape
from the city.

17. Other words

friction n the resistance that one ma sát; sự xung đột, mȗu The friction between the
surface or object thuẫn two surfaces caused
encounters when the wheels to slow
moving over another; down.
conflict or disagreement
between people or
groups

gravity n the natural force that lực hấp dẫn, trọng lực Gravity keeps us
attracts objects toward anchored to the Earth and
the center of the Earth influences the movement
or another celestial body of celestial bodies.

scratch n a mark or injury caused vết xước, vết trầy The cat had a scratch on
by scraping or rubbing a its nose from playing with
surface a rough object.

synthetic adj made by chemical tổng hợp, nhȗn tạo The jacket is made
synthesis, especially to from synthetic
imitate a natural product materials that are
designed to be
waterproof.

texture n the feel, appearance, The texture of the The texture of the
or consistency of a fabric was smooth and fabric was smooth and
surface or substance soft to the touch. soft to the touch.

built-up adj an area that is khu vực đã phát triển, The built-up area of the
developed with xȗy dựng city is densely populated
buildings, roads, and with high-rise apartments
other structures and offices.

2
0
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

dwell v to live in or at a cư trú, sinh sống; đắm They dwell in a charming

particular place; to think chìm, suy nghĩ nhiều về house on the outskirts of
the village.

2
0
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

or speak about
something persistently

(real) estate n a large area of land with tài sản, điền trang The estate includes a
a grand house; property mansion, gardens, and
or assets owned by a private golf course.
someone

populated adj having people living in a The populated area The populated area of the

Chuyên Anh's little cor

place; inhabited of the city is bustling city is bustling with
with activity. activity.

skyline n the outline of a city or đường chȗn trời, The skyline of the city is
landscape against the đường viền của thành dominated by several tall
sky, especially in relation phố skyscrapers.
to the height of its
buildings

PHRASAL VERBS:

Phrasal verb Meaning Nghĩa

board up cover a window or door with wooden cài cửa, đóng cửa, bịt kín cửa, cửa sổ
boards bằng gỗ, kim loại

close up lock the doors of a building or khóa cửa tòa nhà hoặc công ty
business

come out - be removed from sth such as - (quần áo) bị phai màu sau khi
clothing or cloth by washing or tẩy rửa
rubbing
- have a particular result or end - tạo ra kết quả nhất định
in a particular way

cut out - remove sth from a larger piece - cắt nhỏ ra

by cutting
- stop eating sth or doing sth, - ngừng ǔn hay làm việc gì đó (bởi
especially because it is bad vì không tốt cho sức khỏe)
for your health

fix up clean, repair or decorate sth dọn dẹp, sửa chữa hay trang trí

knock/pull/tear down destroy a building or wall phá dỡ tòa nhà hoặc bức tường

pile up if sth piles up or sb piles it up, the gia tǔng, tǔng cao (thường là điều gì xấu)
amount of it increases a lot

prop up - stop sth from falling by - không cho thứ gì ngã bằng cách
putting sth under it or against đặt gì bȃn dưới/chắn lại.
it - chống đỡ, hậu thuận, làm hậu
- help a government, system,

2
0
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

organization, etc continue to phương, giúp đỡ bằng tiền bạc

exist, especially by providing hoặc lực lượng cho chính phủ, tổ
financial or military support chức

put in - fix sth such as equipment in - để thiết bị trong đúng chỗ của nó
the place where it will be used
and make it ready to use
- make an official request, - yȃu cầu, đề nghị chính thức
claim, offer, etc

Chuyên Anh's little cor

put together

put together a plan/

proposal/package
-
-
make sth by joining all its parts
prepare a piece of work by
collecting several ideas and
suggestions and organizing
them
-

-
lắp ráp, nối lại với nhau, xếp lại
với nhau
chuẩn bị cho công việc bằng cách
thu thập nhiều ý kiến, đề xuất và
sắp xếp nó lại
- choose people or things to - chọn người/vật để đưa vào đội
form a team or group

put up - build sth such as a wall, fence - xȗy, dựng gì đó(tường, hàng
sth put or house rào, nhà,...)
sb up - let sb stay in you house - cho ai ở nhờ nhà

set up - build a structure or put it in - xȗy dựng hệ thống, cơ sở, hay

a particular place đặt nó tại đȗu
- make a piece of equipment - cài đặt máy móc để nó sẵn sàng
ready for use sử dụng

spread out if people in a group spread out, they (con người) tỏa ra khắp khu vực
move away from another so that they
cover a

take down - separate a large structure - làm nhỏ thứ gì đó, chia nhỏ thứ gì
into pieces đó ra
- write down information or a - ghi lại thông tin, cȗu nói.
statement

water down - add water to a drink or liquid in - pha loãng nước, dung dịch.
order to make it less strong,
dilute
- make sth such as a statement - nói giảm nói tránh, làm thông tin
or newspaper article less hay tờ báo trở nȃn ít nặng nề
offensive, powerful or detailed hơn

wear down - make sth gradually disappear - làm thứ gì đó trở nȃn biến mất
or become thinner by using or hoặc cạn dần do sử dụng hay tẩy
rubbing it nó nhiều
- make sb gradually lose - làm ai đó kiệt sức, mất tự tin
their energy or confidence

IDIOMS:

2
0
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

Idiom Meaniną Nąhĩa

a home from home if you refer swh as “home from cảm giác như ở nhà
home”, you mean that this is the
place that you feel just as
comfortable as your own house

blot on the landscape sth such as an ugly building that một thứ gì đó xấu xí làm ảnh
spoils a pleasant view hưởng một khung cảnh đẹp

Chuyên Anh's little cor

commuter belt an area around the city where o phía rìa thành phố nơi mà có
many people who work in the city nhiều người làm việc ở thành
live phố sống ở đó

concrete jungle If you refer to a city or area as a những khu vực (dãy nhà cao
concrete jungle, you mean that it tầng) ngột ngạt trong thành phố
has a lot of modern buildings and và thiếu đi tính thiȃn nhiȃn của
you think it is ugly or unpleasant chúng
to live in

home sweet home used as an expression of sử dụng để bày tỏ sự giải tỏa

one's pleasure or relief at hoặc vui sướng khi về đến
being in or returning to one's nhà
own home

in the sticks a long way from a town or city cách xa thành thị

make oneself’s at home act and do things just as normally hành xử như đang ở nhà
as what you do at home

on the street(s) without a home không có nhà ở

on the town enjoying yourself by going to tận hưởng khi đi chơi phố
places of entertainment in a town
or city

satellite town/city A satellite town/city is an urban là đô thị nằm trong một vùng đô
entity that has developed as a thị nào đó và chịu ảnh hưởng
separate metropolitan area trực tiếp bởi thành phố trung tȗm
near to, and largely dependent của vùng đô thị đó.
on a larger city or metropolitan
area.

PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

Idioms Meaniną Nąhĩa
BEND
bend sth into (shape/a to flex or curve something, such as uốn nắn, bẻ cong thành một hình
circle/etc) a material or object, to create a dạng nào đó
specific form or to make it take on
a

2
0
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

circular or desired shape

by applying pressure or
force

(go) round the bend an informal expression meaning to nổi giận đùng đùng, nổi điȃn lȃn
become crazy or extremely
irritated

sharp/tight bend a sharp or tight curve or turn in a khúc cua gấp

Chuyên Anh's little cor

road or path, typically requiring
a significant change in direction

BLOCK
block sb’s way to obstruct or impede someone's cản đường ai đó
path or progress, preventing them
from moving forward

block of flats a large building containing multiple tòa chung cư

separate residential units or
apartments, often stacked on top of
each other

apartment block a synonym for a block of flats, khu chung cư

referring to a building divided into
individual apartments or flats for
residential purposes

high-rise block a block of flats or apartments that is nhà cao tầng

particularly tall, usually found in
urban areas with many stories or
floors

mental/writer’s block a psychological inhibition tình trạng một người viết không thể
preventing a writer from proceeding sáng tạo, viết tiếp một tác phẩm nào
with a piece đó

BRICK
brick and mortar a phrase often used to describe cửa hàng truyền thống
physical, tangible assets or
traditional physical stores or
businesses, as opposed to online or
digital entities

brick wall a solid wall constructed of bricks, or tường gạch; ám chỉ một khó khǔn,
figuratively, an obstacle or thử thách mà có vẻ không thể vượt
challenge that seems qua
insurmountable

bricklayer a skilled tradesperson who thợ nề

specializes in laying bricks and
building structures using them

ERECT
2
0
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

erect (a statue/monument/etc) to assemble, set up, or build a xȗy dựng một công trình để ghi
to sb statue, monument, or similar danh, tưởng nhớ ai đó
structure in honor of someone

stand erect to stand or remain in an upright, đứng thẳng

vertical position

erect posture the act of maintaining an upright giữ dáng đứng thẳng
and straight bodily position

Chuyên Anh's little cor

FLOOR
take/have the floor to have the opportunity to speak or có quyền phát biểu
present one's views or ideas in a
discussion or meeting

ground/first/etc floor different levels or stories within a tầng trệt, tầng một
building, with the ground floor
being the one at street level, the
first floor above it, and so on

floor show a live entertainment performance, trò vui diễn sàn (ở quán cà phȃ, nhà
often involving dancing, singing, or hàng..)
other acts, held on a stage within a
venue

floor plan a diagram or layout illustrating the sơ đồ mặt bằng

arrangement of rooms and
spaces within a building, typically
used in architecture and real
estate

floorboard a flat, typically wooden board used ván sàn

as the surface of a floor

FOLD
fold sth in half/two to bend or crease something so gấp làm đôi
that it is divided into two equal
parts

fold sth neatly/carefully to bend or arrange something with gấp gọn gàng/cẩn thận
precision and tidiness

fold flat to collapse or flatten something so gấp phẳng

that it occupies less space

fold your arms to cross your arms in front of your khoanh tay
chest, with one hand resting on the
opposite shoulder

FOUNDATION
lay the foundations of to establish or create the đặt nền móng cho
fundamental basis or groundwork
for something
2
0
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

have no foundation to lack a solid basis or rationale không có cơ sở

without foundation lacking a valid or credible basis or không có cơ sở

justification

foundation course a preparatory educational program khóa học nền tảng

or course that provides
fundamental knowledge and skills
in a particular field

Chuyên Anh's little cor

foundation stone the first stone laid in the viȃn đá nền tảng
construction of a building, often
ceremonially, signifying the
beginning of the project

HOUSE
move house to change one's place of residence chuyển nhà
or move to a new home

on the house referring to something provided for miễn phí (do cửa hàng mời)
free, often by a business as a
gesture of goodwill

housework domestic chores and tasks related việc nhà

to maintaining a household, such
as cleaning, cooking, and laundry

housekeeping the management and organization quản gia, quản lý nhà cửa
of a household, including cleaning,
maintenance, and other domestic
responsibilities

housekeeper a person responsible for the quản gia

cleaning and general maintenance
of a household

housewife a term historically used to describe nội trợ

a married woman who manages
the household and takes care of
domestic responsibilities

houseproud a term used to describe someone chǔm lo giữ nhà sạch đẹp
who takes great pride in the
cleanliness and appearance of their
home, often to an extreme degree

MARK
mark sth with/on to make a visible impression or đánh dấu với/bằng
notation on something using a
pen, pencil, or other writing or
marking tool

2
0
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

leave a mark on to cause a lasting impression or để lại dấu vết trȃn

blemish on something, often
unintentionally

burn/scratch/etc mark a visible sign or blemish left on an vết cháy/xước, v.v.

object due to burning, scratching, or
other damage

the halfway mark the midpoint or middle point of a điểm giữa

Chuyên Anh's little cor

journey, task, or process

be quick/slow off mark to be fast or slow in starting or phản ứng nhanh/chậm

responding to something

hit/miss the mark to achieve or fail to achieve the đạt/mất mục tiȃu
intended goal or target

MATERIAL
material goods/possessions physical objects or items that have tài sản vật chất
value, such as clothing,
electronics, or furniture

material rewards tangible benefits or advantages phần thưởng vật chất

received as a result of one's efforts
or actions

material resources physical assets or things that can tài nguyȃn vật chất
be used to achieve a specific
purpose, such as equipment,
supplies, or funds

raw material(s) basic, unprocessed substances or nguyȃn liệu thô

components used in
manufacturing or production
processes
MATTER
a matter of refers to something that concerns vấn đề
or is related to a particular issue or
topic

in a matter of (days,etc) within a specific amount of time, trong vòng

usually a relatively short period

no matter how regardless of the method or extent, bất kể thế nào

used to emphasize that something
is true or relevant in all
circumstances

no matter what regardless of the specific details or bất kể điều gì

circumstances, used to emphasize

2
0
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

that something is true or relevant in

any situation

to make matters worse to worsen an already difficult or làm tình hình tồi tệ hơn
problematic situation

as a matter of indicates that something is a fact, thực tế là / theo quy tắc / khẩn cấp
fact/course/urgency a standard practice, or an urgent
concern

Chuyên Anh's little cor

a matter of opinion a subject or issue where different vấn đề ý kiến
people may have varying views or
perspectives

subject matter the specific topic or theme under chủ đề

consideration or discussion

METAL
precious metal a rare and valuable metal, such as kim loại quý
gold, silver, or platinum

metal detector a device used to identify the máy dò kim loại

presence of metal objects hidden
beneath the surface, often used
for security or treasure hunting

SHAPE
shape sth into to mold or form something into a tạo hình thành
specific shape or configuration

take the shape of to assume or adopt a particular có hình dạng của

shape or form

take shape to begin to develop or become hình thành, cấu tạo thành
clear and distinct, often used in the
context of ideas or plans

in/out of shape referring to one's physical - khỏe mạnh / không

condition, either fit and healthy (in khỏe mạnh
shape) or not (out of shape)

all shapes and sizes a variety of different forms, types, or đủ mọi hình dạng và kích cỡ
appearances

SHARP
keep a sharp eye on to watch or monitor something theo dõi kỹ
closely and attentively

sharp rise/increase/drop/fall a sudden and significant increase or tǔng/giảm mạnh

decrease in a quantity or value

2
0
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

sharp criticism harsh and pointed comments or chỉ trích gay gắt
judgments

have a sharp tongue to speak in a critical or cutting miệng lưỡi sắc bén
manner, often making hurtful
remarks

SMOOTH

Chuyên Anh's little cor

smooth the way for to make something easier or more tạo điều kiện cho
efficient, typically by removing
obstacles or difficulties

smooth-talking skilled in using persuasive or nói chuyện khéo léo

flattering language to influence
others

smooth sailing a situation or process that proceeds nói chuyện khéo léo
easily and without problems

smooth operator a person who is skilled at achieving người khéo léo

their goals through clever and
sometimes deceptive means

SURFACE
on the surface referring to the external or bề ngoài, trȃn bề mặt
superficial aspects of something,
without considering deeper or
hidden factors

beneath/under the surface referring to what is hidden or not dưới bề mặt

immediately apparent, often
involving underlying issues or
emotions

surface area the measurement of the outside or diện tích bề mặt

topmost part of an object or space

kitchen surface the countertop or working area in a bề mặt bếp

kitchen

TABLE
set/clear/lay the table to prepare a dining table for a dọn bàn ǔn
meal, including arranging plates,
utensils, and other items

table a proposal/etc… to formally present an idea, đệ trình đề xuất

proposal, or motion for discussion
or consideration, often in a
meeting or legislative context

2
0
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

on the table currently under consideration or up đang được thảo luận

for discussion, often in a formal or
organizational context

table manners etiquette and customs related to phép tắc bàn ǔn

polite behavior while dining

timetable a schedule or plan that outlines thời gian biểu

specific times and activities, often

Chuyên Anh's little cor

used for organizing events or tasks

TOUGH

get tough with to adopt a strict or uncompromising trở nȃn nghiȃm khắc với ai đó
attitude or approach towards
someone or something

tough on a stance or policy that is nghiȃm khắc về

stringent or unyielding towards a
particular issue or behavior

tough luck an expression used to convey thật không may

sympathy or understanding when
someone experiences bad luck or
a difficult situation

tough love a form of discipline or guidance that yȃu thương nhưng nghiȃm khắc
combines strictness with genuine
concern and affection

tough guy a colloquial term for a man who is người đàn ông cứng rắn
perceived as strong, rugged, or
physically and emotionally resilient

TOWN
town planning the process of designing and quy hoạch đô thị
organizing the layout and
development of urban areas

the town of refers to a specific municipality or thị trấn của

urban area with a particular name

the outskirts/edge of town the areas surrounding the central or vùng ngoại ô
urban part of a town, often less
densely populated

town centre the central area of a town, typically trung tȗm thành phố
where commercial, cultural, and
administrative activities are
concentrated

WINDOW

2
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

window-shopping the activity of looking at items in đi ngắm đồ mà không mua

store windows without intending to
make a purchase

window dressing superficial or deceptive đánh bóng bề ngoài

improvements or changes made to
enhance the appearance of
something

Chuyên Anh's little cor

out (of) the window an idiom indicating that something tan biến
has been wasted or lost, often
referring to previous plans or efforts

a window on/onto/into a metaphorical or literal opening or cái nhìn vào

perspective that provides insight
or access to something

WORD FORMATION:
Word CATE Meaniną Nąhĩa

ANALYSE
analysis⭐ n - The process of examining phȗn tích
something in detail to
understand it better or to draw
conclusions
- Breaking down complex
information into simpler
components.

analyst n A person who conducts analysis, nhà phȗn tích

especially as a profession, such as a
financial analyst, data analyst, or
political analyst.

analytical⭐ adj Relating to or using analysis or thuộc phȗn tích

logical reasoning; characterized by
detailed examination of
components.

analytically adv In a manner that involves or relates một cách phȗn tích và lôgic
to analysis or logical reasoning.

psychoanalyze v To examine and treat mental or phȗn tích tȗm lý

emotional disorders using the
principles of psychoanalysis, often
by exploring the unconscious mind.

2
1
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

psychoanalysis n A psychological theory and therapy phȗn tȗm học

focusing on the unconscious mind,
repressed memories, and their
influence on behavior and mental
health.

ARCHITECT
architecture n The art and science of designing kiến trúc

Chuyên Anh's little cor

and constructing buildings

architectural(ly) adj, Relating to architecture or building thuộc về kiến trúc

adv design.

DENSE
density n The degree of compactness of mật độ
a substance; in a broader
sense

densely adv In a closely packed or crowded một cách dày đặc

manner; with little space between
objects or individuals.

HOUSE
housing n - Accommodation or residences nhà ở
- Buildings or structures where
people live

household(er) n - Household: All the people who - hộ gia đình

live together in a single
dwelling; a domestic unit.
- Householder: The person - chủ hộ
who owns or rents a house
and is responsible for it.

houseful adj A house filled to capacity, either đầy người hoặc đồ vật trong nhà
with people, possessions, or
activities.

INHABIT
inhabitant n A person or animal that lives in a cư dȗn
particular place or environment.

habitat n - The natural environment môi trường sống

in which a particular
species lives and grows
- A place that provides the
conditions necessary for life.

habitation n The act of living in or occupying a nơi cư trú

place; a dwelling or residence.

2
1
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

habitable adj Suitable for living có thể ở được

(un)inhabitable adj - Inhabitable: Suitable for living (không/có) thể ở được

in.
- Uninhabitable: Not suitable for
living in; unable to support life.

(un)inhabited⭐ adj - Inhabited: Occupied by people (không) có người ở

or animals.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

- Uninhabited: Not occupied;
devoid of residents.

rehabilitate⭐ v To restore something to a former phục hồi

condition, especially to good health,
functionality, or standing

rehabilitation n The process of restoring someone sự phục hồi

to health or normal life through
training, therapy, or treatment after
imprisonment, illness, or addiction

MANUFACTURE
manufacturer n A person or company that produces nhà sản xuất
goods in large quantities, typically
using machinery in a factory.

manufacturing n The process of making or producing quá trình sản xuất

goods, especially on a large scale,
using machinery and industrial
methods.

MATERIAL
materialize v To become real or actual; to appear hiện thực hóa
or take form

materialism n A belief that physical possessions chủ nghĩa duy vật

and wealth are the most important
aspects of life

materialistic adj Excessively concerned with material theo chủ nghĩa vật chất
possessions or wealth

immaterial adj Not important or relevant không quan trọng

materially adv - In a significant or - quan trọng

substantial way
- With regard to physical - về vật chất
matters or
possessions.

METAL

2
1
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

metallic adj - Made of or resembling metal kim loại, có tính chất kim loại
- Having the qualities or
appearance of metal, such
as luster or hardness.

metallurgical adj Relating to the science and thuộc luyện kim

technology of metals and their
extraction, refining, and processing.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

metallurgy n The branch of science and ngành luyện kim
engineering concerned with the
properties of metals, their
production, and the treatment of
alloys.

OBJECT
objective⭐ adj Not influenced by personal feelings khách quan
or opinions; based on facts; a goal
or purpose.

objection n An expression of disapproval or sự phản đối

disagreement

objectivity n The quality of being impartial, tính khách quan

unbiased, and based on facts
rather than feelings or opinions.

objector n A person who expresses người phản đối

disapproval or disagreement,
especially formally or publicly.

(un)objectionable⭐ adj (Not) arousing không bị phản đối

disapproval; offensive or
unacceptable.

objectively adv In a way that is not influenced by một cách khách quan
personal feelings or opinions;
based on facts and evidence.

REPAIR
repairman/men n A person (or people) who fixes or thợ sửa chữa
mends machinery, equipment, or
other items, often professionally.

repairer n A person or entity that fixes or người sửa chữa

restores something to a good
condition.

reparation n Compensation or amends made for sự bồi thường

a wrong or injury, often in the
context of war or injustice.

2
1
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

repairable adj Capable of being fixed or restored có thể sửa chữa được
to good condition.

irreparable⭐ adj Impossible to fix or restore; not không thể sửa chữa
able to be repaired.

irreparably adv In a way that cannot be repaired or một cách không thể sửa chữa
restored; permanently damaged.

RESIDE

Chuyên Anh's little cor

residence

residency
n

n
A place where a person lives; a
home or dwelling.

The condition of living in a particular

nơi cư trú

sự cư trú
place

resident n A person who lives in a particular cư dȗn

place or a person who lives in a
place permanently or for a long
period.

residing n The act of living or dwelling in a việc cư trú

particular place.

residential(ly) adj, Pertaining to or designed for thuộc khu dȗn cư

adv people to live in; relating to
residences.

residue n A small amount of something that phần còn lại

remains after the main part has
gone or been removed.

residual adj Remaining after the greater part has còn sót lại
been used, removed, or dealt with.

RIGID
rigidity n The quality of being stiff, inflexible, sự cứng nhắc
or not easily changed.

rigidly adv In a manner that is inflexible, strict, một cách cứng nhắc
or not open to change.

ROUND
surround v To encircle or enclose on all sides; bao quanh
to be all around something.

surroundings⭐ n The environment or area around môi trường xung quanh

a person, place, or thing.

roundness n The quality or state of being round sự tròn trịa

in shape; circularity.

2
1
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

roundabout⭐ n An indirect way of getting to a place đường vòng

or achieving something.

surrounding adj - Existing or happening xung quanh

around something
- Adjacent or nearby.

roundly adv In a forceful or emphatic manner; một cách mạnh mẽ

often used to describe strong

Chuyên Anh's little cor

criticism or disapproval.

SHELF
shelve⭐ v To put something aside or hoãn lại
postpone it

shelves n Flat, horizontal surfaces used for kệ, giá

storing or displaying items, typically
fixed to a wall or in a cabinet.

shelving n The act of putting something on a việc sắp xếp lȃn kệ

shelf or the materials used to create
shelves.

SLIP
slippage n The act of slipping or the amount sự trượt ngã
by which something slips, typically
used in finance, construction, or
schedules.

slippery⭐ adj Difficult to hold, stand on, or control trơn trượt

because of a smooth, wet, or
greasy surface

SOFT
soften v To make or become less hard, less làm mềm
intense, or more gentle.

soft-pedal⭐ v To downplay the importance or làm giảm mức độ nghiȃm trọng

severity of something

soft-soap⭐ v To flatter or persuade someone by nịnh bợ

using gentle or insincere praise.

softener n A substance or device used to chất làm mềm

make something softer, such as
fabric softener or water softener.

softly adv In a gentle, quiet, or subdued một cách nhẹ nhàng

manner.

SOLID

2
1
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

solidify v To make or become solid or firm; to củng cố

strengthen.

consolidate⭐ v - To become, or cause sth hợp nhất, làm vững chắc

to become stronger, and
more certain.
- To combine or bring together
into a single, more effective
or coherent whole.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

solidity

solidarity⭐
n

n
The quality or state of being firm,
strong, or stable.

Unity or agreement of feeling or

action, especially among
sự vững chắc

sự đoàn kết

individuals with a common interest

or goal.

consolidation n The process of combining sự hợp nhất

or merging things into a
single, stronger entity.

SPACE
spacing n The amount of space between khoảng cách
objects or elements

spaciousness n The quality of having a lot of space; sự rộng rãi

roominess.

spacious(ly)⭐ adj, Having ample space; large rộng rãi

adv and open.

STRUCTURE
infrastructure⭐ n The basic physical and cơ sở hạ tầng
organizational structures and
facilities needed for the operation
of a society or enterprise (e.g.,
buildings, roads, power supplies).

structural(ly) adj, Relating to or affecting the structure thuộc về cấu trúc

adv of something, particularly in
architecture or engineering.

(un)structured⭐ adj - Structured: Arranged or (không) có cấu trúc

organized according to
a system or plan.
- Unstructured: Lacking a
definite structure or
organization; informal
or loosely organized.

SUBSTANCE

2
1
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

substantiate⭐ v To provide evidence or proof to chứng minh

support a claim or assertion.

substantiation n The process of providing evidence sự chứng minh

to prove or support a claim.

unsubstantiated⭐ adj Not supported by evidence or proof; không được chứng minh
lacking verification.

(in)substantial(ly)⭐

Chuyên Anh's little cor

adj, - Substantial: Of considerable (không) đáng kể
adv importance, size, or worth;
solid or strongly built.
- Insubstantial: Lacking strength,
solidity, or significance.
- Substantially: To a great
or significant extent.
- Insubstantially: In a way that
lacks significance or strength.

substantive adj - Having a firm basis in reality thực chất, quan trọng
- Meaningful and important

2
1
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

Unit 18: REACTIONS & HEALTH

Vocab Cate Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. chuckle, ąiąąle, ąrin, mock, smirk
chuckle v to laugh quietly or softly cười khúc khích, cười He couldn’t help but
thầm chuckle at the joke, even
though it wasn’t very

Chuyên Anh's little cor

funny.

giggle v to laugh in a silly or cười rúc rích (không The children giggled
uncontrolled way, often kiểm soát được) when the teacher made
out of nervousness or a funny face.
amusement

grin v to smile broadly, often cười toe toét He couldn’t stop grinning
showing the teeth after hearing the good
news.

mock v to tease or laugh at chế giễu, chế nhạo ai đó They mocked his accent,
someone in a scornful or bằng cách bắt chước making him feel
derisive way hành động họ self-conscious.

smirk v to smile in a cười nhếch mép (logo He smirked as if he

smug, self- nike), cười mỉa knew something no one
satisfied, or else did.
conceited way
2. comfort, contentment, diąnity
comfort n a state of physical sự thoải mái She found comfort in her
ease and freedom friend's words during a
from pain or stress; a difficult time.
feeling of reassurance
and consolation

contentment n a state of happiness and sự hài lòng, mãn nguyện After a long day's work, he
satisfaction felt a sense of
contentment sitting by the
fireplace.

dignity n the state or quality of phẩm giá, sự tự trọng Despite the

being worthy of honor challenges, she carried
and respect; a herself with dignity and
composed or serious grace.
manner
3. behavior, conduct, manners
behavior n the way in which one hành vi, cách ứng xử His behavior at the
acts or conducts meeting was very
oneself, especially professional and
towards others respectful.

2
1
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

conduct n the manner in which a cách cư xử, hành vi The committee reviewed
person behaves, his conduct during the
especially in a project to ensure it met
professional or formal company standards.
context

manners n the socially phép tắc, cách cư xử lịch Good manners are
acceptable ways of sự essential for making a
behaving or speaking; positive impression

Chuyên Anh's little cor

polite or proper on others.
behavior
4. disillusioned, fed up, ąlum
disillusioned adjj disappointed or unhappy thất vọng, vỡ mộng After years of working for
because something is the company, he felt
not as good as one disillusioned with its
believed it to be lack of progress and
transparency.

fed up (with) adj annoyed or upset with chán nản, chán ngẩm She was fed up with the
something that has been constant delays and
going on for a long time decided to speak up.

glum adh looking or feeling u sầu, buồn bã He looked glum after

unhappy and hearing the news about
dejected the canceled vacation.

5. ąloat, rejoice
gloat v to take excessive hả hȃ, đắc thắng She couldn't help but
(about/over) pleasure or satisfaction gloat when she won the
in one's own success competition.
or another's misfortune

rejoice v to feel or show great joy vui mừng, hȗn hoan They rejoiced at the
or delight news of their friend's safe
return.

6. resent, snap
resent v to feel bitterness or bực bội, phẫn nộ He resented the way his
indignation at a ideas were dismissed
situation, action, or without consideration.
person

snap v to suddenly become cáu gắt, nổi giận She snapped at her
very angry or lose colleague after a long day
control of one's temper of work.

7. ąlance, ąlimpse, peep, peer

glance (at) v to look quickly or briefly liếc qua, nhìn qua She glanced at the clock
to check the time.

2
2
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

glimpse v to see something or nhìn lướt qua, thoáng He glimpsed a figure

someone briefly or thấy standing in the shade
partially

peep v to look quickly and nhìn trộm, hé nhìn She peeped through the
(through) secretly, often through a keyhole to see who was at
small opening the door.

peer (into) v to look closely or nhìn chằm chằm, soi mói He peered into the fog,

Chuyên Anh's little cor

intently, often because trying to make out the
something is difficult to shapes ahead
see

8. maneuver, tactic
maneuver n a planned and động tác, kế hoạch điều The general's maneuver
controlled movement or động on the battlefield was
series of movements crucial to their victory.

tactic n a carefully planned chiến thuật, The team used several

action or strategy used phương pháp tactics to gain an
to achieve a specific advantage over their
goal opponents.

9. avoid, neąlect, prevent

avoid v to keep away from or tránh, ngǔn ngừa She tried to avoid the
prevent from happening heavy traffic by taking a
different route.

neglect v to fail to care for or bỏ bȃ, lơ là The garden was neglected

pay attention to for months, resulting in
something or overgrown weeds.
someone.

prevent v to stop something from ngǔn ngừa, phòng chống Vaccinations are used to
happening or arising prevent the spread of
infectious diseases.

10. aąonize, disąust, ąrimace, moan

agonize v to suffer or undergo chịu đựng đau đớn, khổ He agonized over
great mental or physical sở the decision,
pain or distress weighing all possible
outcomes.

disgust v to cause someone to làm kinh tởm, ghȃ tởm The sight of the spoiled
feel revulsion or strong food disgusted her.
disapproval

grimace v to make a twisted facial nhǔn mặt, làm mặt quái He grimaced when
expression, often as an gở he tasted the overly
indication of pain or sour lemon.
disgust

2
2
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

moan v to make a low sound of rȃn rỉ, kȃu ca She moaned in discomfort
pain or discomfort; to as she shifted her
complain or grumble position.

11. apathy, inertia

apathy n a lack of interest, sự thờ ơ, lãnh đạm His apathy towards the
enthusiasm, or project was evident when
concern he missed the deadline

Chuyên Anh's little cor

without any explanation.

inertia n a lack of motivation or sự thụ động The project failed due to

action the team's inertia and lack
of enthusiasm.

11. administer, prescribe, inoculate

administer v to manage or oversee quản lý, thực hiện; phȗn The nurse administered
the execution of phát, áp dụng the medication to the
something; to give out patient.
or apply something,
especially medication

prescribe v to authorize the use of kȃ đơn, chỉ định The doctor prescribed
medicine or treatment; antibiotics to treat the
to recommend a course infection.
of action

inoculate v to administer a vaccine tiȃm chủng, tiȃm phòng The children were
to protect against inoculated against
disease measles.

12. diaąnosis, proąnosis

diagnosis n the identification of the chẩn đoán The doctor’s diagnosis
nature of an illness or confirmed that he had the
other problem by flu.
examination of the
symptoms

prognosis n the likely course or dự đoán (về sự tiến triển The prognosis for
outcome of a của bệnh) recovery was good after
medical condition or the surgery.
disease
13. nursiną home, ward
nursing n phr a residential facility for viện dưỡng lão She moved her elderly
home elderly or disabled mother into a nursing
people who need home for better care.
constant medical care

2
2
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

ward n a separate room or area phòng bệnh, khu vực The patient was placed in
in a hospital for patients bệnh viện; khu vực trong the surgical ward for
with similar needs; a thành phố recovery.
district within a city or
town

14. antidote, vaccine

antidote n a substance that thuốc giải độc The doctor administered

Chuyên Anh's little cor

counteracts the the antidote to counteract
effects of a poison or the snake bite.
disease

vaccine n a substance used to vắc-xin phòng bệnh The flu vaccine is

stimulate the production recommended annually to
of antibodies and help prevent the flu.
provide immunity
against diseases

15. syrinąe, plaster, paralysis

syringe n a device used to inject ống tiȃm The nurse used a syringe
or withdraw fluids, to administer the vaccine.
typically consisting of a
hollow needle and a
plunger

plaster n a material used to bǔng dán, thạch cao He applied a plaster to the
cover and protect a cut on his finger.
broken bone or wound;
a type of adhesive
bandage

paralysis n a condition in which one liệt, tȃ liệt The accident resulted

or more parts of the in paralysis of his legs.
body are unable to
move due to nerve
damage
16. Other words
acknowledge v to accept or admit the công nhận, thừa nhận She acknowledged his
existence or truth of presence with a nod of her
something; to show that head.
one has noticed or
recognized someone or
something

consequence n a result or effect of an hậu quả, kết quả The consequences of

action or condition; ignoring the safety
something that logically protocols were severe.
or naturally follows

2
2
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

handle v to manage or deal with xử lý She handled the difficult

a situation or problem; situation with great
skill and composure.

2
2
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

to touch or hold
something with hands

impatient adj unable to wait calmly thiếu kiȃn nhẫn He was impatient for the
or tolerate delays or results of the test and kept
difficulties checking his watch.

resolute adj determined and kiȃn quyết, quyết tȗm She was resolute in her
unwavering in purpose decision to complete the

Chuyên Anh's little cor

or action marathon despite the
challenges.

terror n intense fear or dread; a sự kinh hoàng, nỗi sợ hãi The sudden loud noise
state of extreme fear filled him with terror.

admit v to allow entry or access nhận vào The patient was admitted
to the hospital after
suffering from fever and
severe rash.

agony n severe pain or suffering, sự đau đớn, sự She was in agony after the
either physical or thống khổ accident and needed
emotional immediate medical
attention.

consultant n a professional who cố vấn, chuyȃn gia tư vấn The company hired a
provides expert advice consultant to improve
in a particular area their business strategy.

irritation n a feeling of discomfort sự kích thích, sự khó chịu The constant noise
or annoyance; the state outside was a source of
of being irritated irritation for the residents.

numb adj lacking physical tȃ liệt, không cảm thấy His fingers were numb
sensation or feeling; after being exposed to the
emotionally insensitive cold for too long.

preventative n phr medical practices aimed y học dự phòng Vaccinations are a

medicine at preventing diseases key aspect of
or conditions before preventative
they occur medicine.

sick leave n time away from work nghỉ ốm, phép bệnh She took sick leave to
due to illness or health recover from a flu
issues infection.

side effect = n an unintended tác dụng phụ The medication caused

aftereffect secondary effect or several side effects,
consequence of a drug including dizziness and
or treatment nausea.

2
2
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

PHRASAL VERBS:

Phrasal verb Meaniną Nąhĩa

black out - suddenly become unconscious - đột nhiȃn bất tỉnh, mất nhận thức
blackout(n) - make a place dark by turning - làm khu vực nào đó trở nȃn tối,
off all the lights cúp điện

Chuyên Anh's little cor

come out in become cover in spots nổi lȃn da, mặt thứ gì đó (mụn,..)

come round - become conscious again - có nhận thức trở lại sau khi bất tỉnh
after being unconscious - một sự kiện nào đó lại đến/diễn
- if an event that happens ra như thường lệ
regularly comes round/around,
it happens as its usual time - đến thǔm ai đó
- go to a place where sb is, to
visit them - bị thuyết phục làm cho đổi ý
- be persuaded to change
come round (to sth) your opinion or decision

cotton on (to sth) begin to realize or understand sth bắt đầu nhận ra hay hiểu gì đó

crease (sb) up laugh a lot, or make sb laugh a lot cười, hoặc làm cho ai đó cười

follow up - check the health of sb who - theo dõi sức khỏe của người
follow-up(n) has received medical vừa được chữa trị
treatment - lục tìm thông tin
- try to find out more about sth
get down make sb feel sad or lose hope làm ai đó trở nȃn buồn và mất tinh thần,
hy vọng

get over - start to feel happy or well - trở nȃn khỏe hơn sau một thời
again after sth bad has gian bệnh, khó khǔn
happened - giải quyết hay vượt qua vấn đề gì
- solve or deal with a problem đó khó khǔn

go down (well/badly) produce a particular reaction phản ứng (tốt/xấu) với ai đó

(with sb)

lash out (at sb) - try to hit or attack sb suddenly - đột nhiȃn tấn công ai đó dữ dội
and violently
- speak angrily to or against sb - giận dữ chỉ trích ai đó

pass away/on die (used to avoid saying ‘die’ when qua đời
you think this might upset sb)

play up - cause difficulties or pain for sb - gȗy nȃn khó khǔn hay đau đớn
cho ai đó
- behave badly - cư xử tệ

pull through - manage to stay alive after - thành công sống sót sau khi
you have been very ill or very bệnh hay bị thương nặng
badly

2
2
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

injured
- succeed in a very difficult - vượt qua được tình huống
situation, or help sb do hiểm nghèo, hay giúp ai đó
this vượt qua

shrivel up - become smaller and thinner - bị nhỏ lại và không hợp vệ sinh
and not look fresh and healthy hay khỏe mạnh
- become weaker or smaller - trở nȃn ốm yếu, gầy gò, không
còn sức lực

Chuyên Anh's li tle

summon up (the
courage)
manage to produce a quality or a
reaction that helps you deal with a
difficult situation
dồn hết can đảm, sức lực để làm gì đó

corner
ward off do sth to prevent sb or sth from phòng ngừa, phòng tránh
harming you

IDIOMS:
PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:
Idioms

act in good/bad faith

Meaniną
ACT t
To behave honestly/dishonestly,
Nąhĩa

Cư xử chȗn thật/ không chȗn

with sincerity/insincerity, and with thật với sự thật lòng và ngược
the intention of being fair and lại
trustworthy in a given situation.

act out of desperation/necessity - act out of desperation: to take - Hành động dựa trȃn sự
a course of action driven by tuyệt vọng (vd: bần
extreme hopelessness or a cùng sinh đạo tặc,..)
sense of urgency due to - Hành động một cách/ cho
difficult circumstances. một việc (thực sự) cần
- act out of necessity: to take thiết
a course of action because
it is required or compelled
by unavoidable
circumstances.

act the part/role of - act the part: to portray or play Đóng vai trò trong một nhȗn vật,
a character, role, or persona vai diễn trong một ngữ cảnh
convincingly, often in a trong tác phẩm,...
theatrical or dramatic context.
- act the role of: to assume and
perform a specific role, whether
in a play, movie, or real-life
situation, by behaving in a
manner appropriate to that
role.

2
2
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

act on sb’s advice/orders/behalf - act on someone's advice: Hành động dựa trȃn sự cho
to take action based on the phép, lời khuyȃn, danh dự của ai
guidance or suggestions đó
provided by another
person.
- act on someone's orders: to
carry out tasks or follow
instructions given by
someone in authority.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

- act on someone's behalf: to act
or make decisions for another
person, representing their
interests or fulfilling their
wishes when they are unable to
do so themselves.

put on an act To pretend or feign a particular Giả vờ ( nhằm đánh lừa ai đó)
demeanor, emotion, or behavior,
often with the intention of deceiving
others or creating a false
impression.

get your act together To organize and improve one's Ổn định, sắp xếp lại các hành
behavior, performance, or life in vi, thái độ, các vấn đề trong
general, often in response to a cuộc sống
need for greater responsibility or
efficiency.

in the act (of doing) Engaged in the process of doing Trong công cuộc làm một việc
something; currently involved in or gì đó
performing a specific action or task.

BEHAVIOUR
behavior towards The way one acts or behaves in Cách hành xử đối với ai đó
relation to something or someone,
indicating their demeanor, attitude,
or actions in response to a situation
or individual.

pattern of behavior A consistent and recurring set of Một khung cách ứng xử
actions or behaviors that can be
observed over time, often
indicating a person's typical way of
acting.

on your best behavior Behaving in a polite, courteous, Ở trạng thái hành xử chuẩn mực
and well-mannered way, often in a nhất
formal or public setting.

aggressive/antisocial/violent/ba Different ways to describe behavior: Hành xử hùng hổ/ chống đối/
d/good/exemplary behavior - Aggressive behavior: hung bạo/ tệ/ tốt/ đáng noi theo
Actions that are hostile,
forceful, or

2
2
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner
confrontational.

2
2
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

- Antisocial behavior:
Actions that are harmful or
disruptive to society or
others.
- Violent behavior: Actions
that involve physical harm
or force against others.
- Bad behavior: Actions
that are considered

Chuyên Anh's little cor

morally or socially
unacceptable.
- Good behavior: Actions
that are considered
virtuous, ethical, or socially
acceptable.
- Exemplary behavior:
Actions that serve as a
positive example,
demonstrating high moral
standards or excellence.

CONSEQUENCE
accept/face the consequences - accept the consequences: to Chấp nhận hậu quả/ kết quả
acknowledge and be willing to
endure the results or
outcomes of one's actions or
decisions.
- face the consequences: Đối mặt hậu quả/ kết quả
to confront and deal with
the results or
repercussions of one's
actions or decisions.

consequence of The result or effect that follows as a Kết quả/ hậu quả của một thứ
direct outcome of a particular gì đó
action, event, or decision.

serious/disastrous/dire Different levels of severity in the Những hậu quả nghiȃm trọng/
consequences outcomes of an action or event: mang tính thảm họa/ tồi tệ, thay
- Serious consequences: đổi cuộc sống
Significant or important results,
often with negative
implications.
- Disastrous consequences:
Extremely negative and
catastrophic results.
- Dire consequences: Outcomes
that are grave and potentially
life-altering.

2
2
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

as a consequence Referring to something happening Dựa vào kết quả/ do hậu quả
as a result or outcome of a prior
action or event.

in consequence As a result or consequence of Do hậu quả/ kết quả

something; consequently.

of no/little consequence Having little or no importance or Không có hoặc có rất ít sự ảnh

significance; not having a hưởng

Chuyên Anh's little cor

substantial impact.

CRY
cry with pain/happiness/relief To shed tears due to feelings of pain, Khóc trong đau khổ/ hạnh phúc/
joy, or relief, respectively. sự giải thoát

cry over/about To express sadness, regret, or Trở nȃn buồn bã, hối tiếc về việc
sorrow concerning something. gì đó

cry for help To seek assistance or support, often Tìm kiếm sự trợ giúp một cách
in a desperate or urgent situation. khẩn cấp

cry yourself to sleep To cry until falling asleep, typically Khóc đến khi ngủ
as a response to emotional
distress.

cry your eyes/heart out To cry intensely or for an extended Khóc một cách mãnh liệt
period, often as a way to release
strong emotions.

cry on sb’s shoulder To confide in or seek comfort from Bộc lộ cảm xúc/ bí mật cho ai đó
someone by expressing one's
feelings or problems.

have a (good) cry To allow oneself to cry as a way of Khóc để giải tỏa cǔng thẳng
releasing pent-up emotions or
stress.

cry of An exclamation or shout that Tiếng hét, tiếng kȃu vang

expresses a particular emotion or
sentiment.

a far cry from Significantly different from Rất khác so với một thứ gì đó
something; not remotely similar.

DEAD
go dead To stop working or become Ngưng hoạt động ( thường sử
inactive, often in reference to dụng đối với các thiết bị điện tử)
electronic devices or engines.

drop dead A colloquial expression used to Sử dụng để bày tỏ sự không

express strong disapproval or ưa thích/ khó chịu với ai đó
annoyance with someone.

2
2
1
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

dead (set) against (doing) Strongly opposed to or firmly Bày tỏ sự đối lập mãnh liệt với
against doing something.

in dead trouble In a serious or difficult situation, Đang ở trong một vấn đề lớn
often with negative
consequences.

dead and buried Something that is definitively Hoàn thành/ trôi vào dĩ vãng,
resolved or finished, with no chance không thể lặp lại

Chuyên Anh's little cor

of revival.

dead silence Complete and utter silence, often Sự im lặng tuyệt đối
in a situation where one might
expect noise or conversation.

dead center The exact middle or central point of Ngay tại điểm ở giữa
something.

dead and gone No longer alive or existing; a Không còn sống, tồn tại/chết
reference to the deceased.

dead tired Extremely exhausted or fatigued. Rất mệt mỏi & kiệt sức

dead ahead Directly in front; in the immediate Phía trước mặt

forward direction.

EFFECT

have an/no/little/some effect To produce an/no/little/some impact Gȗy ra ít/ không/ một vài ảnh
(on) on someone or something; to hưởng/ tác động nȃn
cause a change or influence.

come into effect To begin to be operational or Bắt đầu gȗy ra ảnh hưởng/ tác
applicable; to start having an impact động
or being enforceable.

put/bring sth into effect To implement or enforce something, Khiến thứ gì đó trở nȃn có hiệu
such as a law, policy, or plan, lực
making it operational or applicable.

adverse/beneficial effect - A negative or harmful Ảnh hưởng tiȃu cực/ gȗy

impact or result that may hại Ảnh hưởng tích cực/ có
occur as a consequence lợi
of an action, event, or
condition.
- A positive or
advantageous impact or
result that may occur as a
consequence of an action,
event, or condition.

for effect To do something with the intention Tạo ra hiệu ứng, sự lôi cuốn
of creating a particular impression,

2
3
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

often without genuine purpose or

need.

in effect Currently in operation or being Trong quá trình có hiệu lực

applied; essentially or practically.

with effect from Starting from a particular date or Với hiệu lực từ khoảng thời
time; indicating when a gian nhất định
decision, rule, or change

Chuyên Anh's little cor

becomes valid or operational.

FEEL
get/have a feel for To develop an understanding or Phát triển sự hiểu biết/ cảm
sensitivity to something, often nhận về một việc gì đó
through experience or practice.

feel free An invitation or permission to act as Sử dụng để nói rằng ai đó hãy

one wishes; without hesitation or hành xử thoải mái
restraint.

feel like (doing) To have a desire or inclination to do Cảm giác muốn làm việc gì đó
something.

feel as if/as though To have a sensation or impression Cảm giác như/ giống với
similar to a particular situation or
feeling.

feel strongly about To have deep and passionate Cảm giác mãnh liệt về
emotions or convictions about
something.

feel the effects/benefits of To experience the consequences or Nhận thấy/ trải nghiệm ảnh
advantages resulting from a hưởng/ lợi ích của …
particular action or condition.

feel guilty To experience a sense of remorse or Cảm thấy tội lỗi

culpability for one's actions or
decisions.

feel your way To proceed cautiously or gradually, Hành động cẩn thận ( đặc biệt
often when navigating an unfamiliar trong môi trường mới)
situation or environment.

feel at home To feel comfortable and relaxed in a Cảm giác thȗn thuộc/ ȃm ái
particular place or environment. như ở nhà

HEALTH
good/bad for your health Referring to something that has a tốt/ có hại cho sức khỏe
positive or negative impact on your
physical or mental well-being.

2
3
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

in good/poor health Referring to something that has a Trong tình trạng sức khỏe ổn
positive or negative impact on your định/ tồi tệ
physical or mental well-being.

ill health Poor physical condition or the state Sức khỏe yếu
of being unwell or diseased.

health and safety The measures and practices aimed Bộ luật liȃn quan đến đảm bảo
at ensuring the well-being and sức khỏe và sự an toàn cho công

Chuyên Anh's little cor

safety of individuals in various dȗn
environments.

health hazard/risk A potential threat or danger to one's Nguy cơ ảnh hưởng sức khỏe (
health, often associated with thông qua chất phóng xạ)
substances or conditions that can
cause harm.

health center A facility or place where healthcare Trung tȗm y tế/ sức khỏe
services are provided, typically for
primary care.

health club A fitness and recreational facility Cȗu lạc bộ sức khỏe
where members can exercise and
engage in wellness activities.

health food Food that is believed to have Thức ǔn có lợi cho cơ thể
particular health benefits or is
considered nutritious and
wholesome.

health service Services related to the prevention, Dịch vụ thǔm khám/ chữa trị
diagnosis, and treatment of medical
conditions and the promotion of
overall well-being.

ILL

fall/be taken ill (with) - Fall ill: To become sick Bị bệnh

or unwell. Cảm nhận triệu chứng bệnh
- Be taken ill (with): To
experience the onset of
an illness or health issue.

critically/seriously/terminally ill Different levels of severity when Bệnh nặng/ nghiȃm trọng/ dẫn
describing someone's health đến cái chết
condition:
- Critically ill: In extremely
serious or unstable
health.
- Seriously ill: In a severe
or significant state of
illness.

2
3
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

- Terminally ill: Suffering from

an illness that is expected
to result in death.

KIND
kind of sb to to An expression used to acknowledge Lòng tốt của ai đó trong việc
someone's kindness or considerate

Chuyên Anh's little cor

actions.

respond in kind To react or behave in a similar or Trả lời/ đối đáp với sự tử tế
equivalent manner as someone else
has done.

kind(s) of Referring to various types or Một dạng/ kiểu của thứ gì đó

categories of something.

of some/any kind Referring to a category or type of Của một/ vài dạng giống như
something, with an unspecified
or non-specific nature.

of a/the kind Referring to a particular category or Of a kind : Một thứ gì đó không

type, often used to specify a còn tốt như ban đầu được kì
specific quality or characteristic. vọng Of the kind : Giống với
(sửa) những gì được nói ra trước đó

kind regards A polite and friendly closing phrase Một cụm đặt ở cuối email, lá thư
often used in written để bày tỏ sự tôn trọng sȗu sắc
communication, expressing goodwill
or best wishes.

LAUGH

laugh at/about - Laugh at: To find Cảm thấy buồn cười về một ai/
amusement or thứ gì đó
entertainment in someone
or something, often at
their expense.
- Laugh about: To find
something humorous
and share laughter about
it.

laugh in sb’s face To openly and scornfully laugh at Cười vào mặt ai đó ( ám chỉ sự
someone, often in a mocking or giễu cợt và thiếu tôn trọng)
disrespectful way.

make sb laugh To cause someone to laugh or find Làm ai đó cười

something amusing.

2
3
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

have a good laugh To enjoy a hearty or enjoyable bout Có một cuộc vui
of laughter; to find something funny
and laugh together.

have the last laugh To enjoy a hearty or enjoyable bout Người cuối cùng còn cười/
of laughter; to find something funny người thành công sau cùng
and laugh together. ( sửa lại)

don’t make me laugh An expression used to dismiss Không khiến ai đó cười

Chuyên Anh's little cor

something as absurd or unlikely to
be funny.

for a laugh For the sake of enjoyment or Cho sự giải trí/ vui nhộn
amusement, without any serious
intent.

a laugh a minute Describing something as Gȗy cười liȃn tục

consistently funny or amusing, with
frequent moments of laughter.

LIFE
put sb’s life at risk To expose or jeopardize someone's Để mạng sống của ai đó gặp
safety or well-being, potentially nguy hiểm
leading to life-threatening situations.

lose a life In various contexts, this can refer to Mất mạng sống ( phần lớn được
losing a character's life in a game mô tả trong game)/ Chết
or, in a more serious context,
experiencing a loss of human life.

bring sth to life To make something more vibrant, Mang thứ gì đó vào đời sống/
active, or animated, often by nhȗn hóa/ tạo nȃn sự sống
infusing it with energy, creativity, or động cho một thứ
vitality.

come to life To become lively, active, or Trở nȃn sống động/ nhanh
animated after a period of inactivity nhẹn sau một thời gian chậm
or dullness. chạp/ ủ rũ

not on your life An emphatic way of saying Một cách khác để nói “tuyệt đối
"absolutely not" or expressing không”
strong disagreement or refusal.

save sb’s life To rescue or prevent someone from Cứu mạng ai đó

dying or experiencing a
life-threatening situation.

take your own life To commit suicide; to intentionally Tự sát

end one's own life.

that’s life An expression used to accept or Sử dụng để nói rằng cuộc sống
resign oneself to the ups and downs luôn có những lúc thǔng trầm, ta
of life, often in the face of adversity. phải chấp nhận điều đó

2
3
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

this is the life An expression used to convey a Đȗy mới là cuộc sống ( thường
sense of contentment or satisfaction nói ra ở thời điểm khi ai đó/ một
with one's current situation or thứ gì đó trở nȃn tốt hơn so với
lifestyle. quá khứ)

quality of life A measure of an individual's Chất lượng cuộc sống

overall well-being and satisfaction
with their living conditions,
health, and circumstances.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

live a life of crime/luxury -
LIVE

Live a life of crime: To lead

a lifestyle characterized by
criminal activities.
Sống một cuộc sống tội phạm/
sang trọng

- Live a life of luxury: To lead

a lifestyle of great comfort,
opulence, and extravagance.

live to the age of To reach a specific age before one's Sống tới tuổi …
death.

can live with To be able to tolerate or accept a Có thể chịu đựng hoặc
particular situation, condition, or chấp nhận một việc gì đó
person.

live and let live An attitude or principle of allowing Sống và để cho người khác
others to live their lives as they sống, không tham gia, xen vào
choose, without interfering or cuộc sống của người khác
imposing one's own beliefs or
preferences on them.

live and learn To gain knowledge or wisdom Sống và học hỏi trong suốt cuộc
through life experiences, often by đời
making mistakes or encountering
challenges.

live beyond/within your means - Live beyond your means: Sử dụng nhiều tiền lȃn một
To spend or commit more thứ gì đó hơn số tiền của một
money than one can afford. người có được
- Live within your means: Ǫuản lí tài chính của cá nhȗn
To manage one's finances hợp lí
in a way that does not
exceed their income or
resources.

live in hope To maintain optimism and Sống với/ trong hi vọng

expectation, typically in the face of
uncertainty or difficulties.

2
3
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

live a lie To pretend or present a false image Giả vờ/ phô trương hình ảnh
of oneself or one's life, concealing không thật về cuộc sống của
the truth. bản thȗn

live to tell the tale To survive a dangerous or Trải qua những tình huống khó
challenging situation and be able to khǔn để sau này có thể kể lại
recount the experience afterward.

MEDICINE

Chuyên Anh's little cor

take medicine To consume or use medical Sử dụng/ tiȃu thụ thuốc/ dược
treatment, such as pills, injections, liệu
or other prescribed remedies, to
alleviate or cure an illness or
medical condition.

alternative/complementary/her Different approaches to medical Loại thuốc thay thế/ trị liệu bổ
bal medicine treatment: sung/ dược thảo, thuốc
- Alternative medicine:
Non-traditional medical
practices used instead
of conventional
medicine.
- Complementary medicine:
Non-traditional medical
practices used alongside
conventional medicine.
- Herbal medicine: The use
of plant-based substances
for medicinal purposes.

medicine cabinet A storage unit, typically in a Tủ đựng thuốc và các dụng cụ

bathroom, used to store medical sơ cứu
supplies, medications, and first-aid
items.

POLITE
polite to showing good manners or respect Lịch sự đối với ai đó
for someone else’s feelings by one’s
words or actions.

polite of showing good manners or respect Lịch sự

for someone else’s feelings by
doing something.

just/only being polite saying or doing something not Sử dụng để nói rằng một ai đó
because one really means it or đang cố gắng hành xử lịch sự
wants to, but because one wants to nhằm tránh né việc xúc phạm
show good manners or avoid người khác
offending someone.

2
3
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

polite conversation a type of conversation that is socially Đoạn hội thoại lịch sự/ đúng quy
correct or proper, and that avoids cách/ không gȗy tranh cãi
topics that might be controversial,
offensive, or unpleasant.

polite company/society a group of people who consider Một nhóm người tin rằng họ ở
themselves to be socially superior đẳng cấp cao và là người tạo ra
and to set standards of behavior for quy chuẩn cho người khác
everyone else.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

react to
REACT
To respond or respond emotionally
to a stimulus or situation.
Phản ứng về

react by doing To respond to a situation or stimulus Phản ứng bằng việc làm một
by taking a specific action. việc gì đó

react accordingly/appropriately To respond in a suitable or Phản ứng một cách phù hợp,
appropriate manner to a given đúng đắn dựa trȃn một ngữ
situation or context. cảnh cho trước đó

react with To respond or show a particular Phản ứng đối với

emotion or behavior in response to
something.

react against To respond with opposition or Phản ứng chống lại với
resistance to a particular idea, action,
or influence.

REACTION
cause/produce/provoke/trigger To be the stimulus or reason Gȗy ra/ tạo nȃn/ kích thích phản
a reaction (to) behind a response or reaction in a ứng cho/ đến một thứ gì đó
person or thing.

reaction against A response or resistance to a Phản ứng lại một thứ gì đó

particular idea, practice, or influence,
often as a result of disagreement or
opposition.

adverse/gut/immediate reaction Different types of responses: Phản ứng tiȃu cực, gȗy hại (
- Adverse reaction: A thường sử dụng trong y khoa,
negative or harmful tác dụng phụ)/ phản ứng bản
response to a stimulus, nǔng/ phản ứng ngay lập tức
often used in the context
of medication side effects.
- Gut reaction: An
instinctive or immediate
emotional response, often
based on intuition or a
"gut feeling."

2
3
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

- Immediate reaction: A
response that occurs
without delay or hesitation.

chain reaction A series of events or reactions in Phản ứng dȗy chuyền

which each one triggers the next,
often with cumulative or widespread
effects.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

RESPONSE

response to A reaction or reply to a particular Cȗu trả lời/ lời giải đáp về một
situation, statement, or action. vấn đề/ trường hợp cụ thể nào
đó

in response to In reaction to or as a reply to a Để giải đáp/ trả lời cho một tác
specific stimulus or event. nhȗn kích thích/ cȗu hỏi/ sự kiện

response from A reply or reaction received from Cȗu trả lời/ hồi ȗm từ
someone or something.

no response The absence of a reply or reaction. Không phản hồi

response time The amount of time it takes to react Thời gian phản hồi
or reply to a stimulus or request.

SICK

call in sick To notify one's employer or Thông báo nghỉ làm/học vì bệnh
supervisor that one cannot come to
work due to illness.

feel sick To experience nausea or discomfort, Cảm giác mệt mỏi, như bị bệnh
often related to illness or a feeling of
unease.

make sb sick to cause someone to feel disgusted, Khiến ai đó cảm giác ghȃ tởm/
angry, or annoyed. khó chịu/ quấy rầy

sick as a parrot An idiom used to express extreme Rất buồn bã/ thất vọng
disappointment or unhappiness

worried sick extremely worried or anxious about Rất lo lắng về việc gì đó

someone or something.

sick and tired (of) fed up with or bored of someone or Mệt mỏi và chán nản với ai hoặc
something. việc gì đó

sick with fear/worry/etc experiencing a strong emotion that Trải qua những cảm xúc
makes one feel ill or unwell. mạnh khiến ai đó bị bệnh
hoặc cảm giác lo lắng/ không
khỏe,..

sick at heart very sad and upset. Không thực sự hạnh phúc

2
3
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

sick bag a small bag provided to people, Túi nôn

especially passengers in vehicles, to
allow for the sanitary disposal of
vomit in case of motion sickness or
air sickness.

TREAT
treat - Treat cruelly: To behave in Đối xử tàn nhẫn/ tồi tệ/ đúng

Chuyên Anh's little cor

cruelly/badly/fairly/unjustly a harsh and unkind manner đắn/ không đúng đắn
towards someone, causing
them emotional or physical
harm.

- Treat badly: To mistreat

or act unfairly towards
someone, often causing
them distress or harm.

- Treat fairly: To treat

someone with equity and
impartiality, ensuring that
they are given just and
equal treatment.

- Treat unjustly: To treat

someone in a manner that
is not fair, equitable, or just,
often involving bias or
discrimination.

treat sb with To interact with someone using a Đối xử ai đó với ( vd: sự chȗn
particular attitude or approach, such thành, tôn trọng,...)
as respect, kindness, or courtesy.

treat sb for To provide medical care or therapy Cung cấp thuốc hoặc phương
to someone to alleviate or cure a pháp chữa bệnh cho một cá
specific illness or medical condition. nhȗn

treat sb like To behave towards someone in a Đối xử với ai đó như là

manner similar to how one would
treat another person or group.

treat sb to To do something special or Làm việc gì đó tốt bụng và tử tế

generous for someone, often as a với một ai
gesture of kindness or appreciation.

treat a/an To provide medical care, therapy, or Điều trị một bệnh nhȗn/ loại
illness/disease/patient/etc medication to address or alleviate an bȃnh,..
illness, disease, or condition in a
patient or individual.

2
3
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

in for a treat An expression used to indicate that Sử dụng để ám chỉ rằng ai đó

someone is about to experience sẽ được trải nghiệm những việc
something enjoyable, exciting, or vui vẻ, hứng thú
pleasant.

WORD FORMATION:

r
Chuyên Anh's little cor
Word formation Cate Meaniną

ACT
Nąhĩa

enact⭐ v - To make a law or pass legislation ban hành (luật)

- To put something into action.

react v To respond to a stimulus or event; to act in phản ứng

response to something.

counteract v To act against something in order to chống lại, phản kháng

reduce its force or neutralize it.

interact v To communicate or engage in mutual tương tác

action with others

transact v To carry out business, negotiations, or giao dịch

exchanges

overact v To act in an exaggerated or overly diễn quá lố

dramatic manner, especially in a
performance.

overreact v To respond to something with more phản ứng quá mức

emotion or force than is necessary or
appropriate.

(de/re)activate⭐ v - Deactivate: To make - ngừng hoạt

something inactive or turn it động, vô hiệu
off. hóa
- Reactivate: To restore something - kích hoạt lại
to its active state or turn it on
again.

acting n - The art or profession of diễn xuất, tạm thời giữ

performing in plays, movies, or chức vụ
television
- Temporarily holding a position.
actor/actress n A person who performs in plays, movies, nam/nữ diễn viȃn
or television shows

action n The process of doing something, typically hành động

to achieve an aim

2
4
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

(in)activity n - Activity: The state of being active; - hoạt động

something that requires movement - sự không
or effort. hoạt động, sự
- Inactivity: Lack of action trì trệ
or movement; idleness.

radioactivity⭐ n The emission of radiation from the decay phóng xạ

of atomic nuclei

Chuyên Anh's little cor

transaction n An exchange or transfer of goods, services, giao dịch
or funds

activist⭐ n A person who campaigns for social, nhà hoạt động (xã
political, or environmental change. hội, chính trị, môi
trường)

activism n The practice of taking direct action to chủ nghĩa hoạt động, phong
achieve political or social goals. trào hoạt động

interaction n The process of communicating or working sự tương tác

together with others

(over)reaction n - Reaction: A response to a phản ứng (quá đà)

stimulus or situation.
- Overreaction: A reaction that is
too extreme or exaggerated for
the situation.

overacting adj Performing in an exaggerated, dramatic diễn xuất quá mức (quá lố)
manner, often beyond what the situation
requires.

reactionary adj Opposing political or social progress or phản động, chống lại sự cải
reform cách

reactor n A device or structure in which a nuclear lò phản ứng (hạt nhȗn)

reaction occurs

transactional adj Relating to transactions or exchanges, thuộc về giao dịch, thương

often in business contexts. mại

active adj Engaged in action; participating or moving; nǔng động, tích cực
lively and energetic.

hyperactive adj Extremely active; overly energetic, often to hiếu động quá mức
the point of being disruptive.

radioactive adj Emitting radiation due to the decay of thuộc phóng xạ, phát ra
atomic nuclei phóng xạ

overactive adj Functioning or behaving in an excessively hoạt động quá mức

active manner.

2
4
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

(in)actively adv - Actively: In a way that involves - một cách tích cực
action or participation. - một cách thụ động
- Inactively: In a manner that
lacks activity or movement.

proactive(ly)⭐ adj, adv Taking action in advance to address or chủ động

prevent problems; acting before a situation
becomes urgent.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

action-packed⭐ adj Filled with exciting or dynamic events; full đầy kịch tính, chứa nhiều
of activity or drama. hoạt động

actualize v To make something real or concrete; to hiện thực hóa

realize or achieve something.

self-actualization n The realization of one's full potential and sự tự hiện thực hóa, sự
personal growth, often seen as the highest phát triển tối đa tiềm nǔng
need bản thȗn

APPROVE
disapprove v To have or express an unfavorable opinion không đồng ý, phản đối
about something

(dis)approval⭐ n - Approval: Official permission - sự đồng ý,

or agreement; a positive phȃ duyệt
opinion. - sự không đồng
- Disapproval: A feeling or ý, phản đối
expression of dislike or
objection; lack of approval.

(dis)approved adj (Not) accepted or authorized or (not) given (không) được chấp nhận,
permission. (không) được phȃ duyệt

(dis)approving(ly)⭐ adj, adv In a manner that shows (dis)approval or (thể hiện) sự (không) đồng ý
(dis)agreement.

AVOID
avoidance n The act of keeping away from or sự tránh khỏi, sự
preventing something phòng tránh

(un)avoidable⭐ adj - Avoidable: Capable of (không/có) thể tránh khỏi

being prevented or avoided.
- Unavoidable: Impossible to
prevent or evade; inevitable.

unavoidably adv In a manner that cannot be avoided; một cách không thể tránh
inevitably. khỏi

CONTENT
(dis)contentment n - Contentment: A state of - sự hài lòng, sự
happiness or satisfaction. thỏa mãn

2
4
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

- Discontentment: A state of - sự không hài

dissatisfaction or unhappiness. lòng, sự bất mãn

discontent n A feeling of dissatisfaction or unhappiness cảm giác không hài

with a situation or condition. lòng, bất mãn

(dis)contented adj Feeling or showing (dis)satisfaction or - hài lòng, thỏa mãn

(un)happiness. - không hài lòng,
bất mãn

Chuyên Anh's little cor

DEPEND
(in)dependence n - Independence: The state of being - sự độc lập
self-sufficient or free from reliance - sự phụ thuộc
on others.
- Dependence: The state of relying
on or being controlled by
someone or something else.

dependant n A person, typically a child or family người lệ thuộc vào người

member, who relies on someone else for khác
financial support.

dependency n A state of relying on or needing someone tình trạng phụ thuộc, sự lệ

or something for support or survival. thuộc

depending adj Relying on or being contingent upon phụ thuộc vào, tùy
something else. thuộc vào

dependable adj Reliable and trustworthy; able to be đáng tin cậy, có thể dựa vào
counted on.

(in)dependent(ly) adj, adv - Independent: Free from control - độc lập

or influence by others; self- - phụ thuộc
reliant.
- Dependent: Relying on someone
or something else.
- Independently: In a manner that
is self-reliant or free from external
control.
- Dependently: In a manner
that relies on others.
interdependent⭐ adj Mutually reliant on each other phụ thuộc lẫn nhau

DERIVE
derivation n The origin or source of something nguồn gốc, sự phát sinh

derivative adj Something that is based on or derived from dựa trȃn, phát sinh từ
another source

EFFECT

2
4
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

(in)effectiveness n The (in)ability to produce a desired result sự (không) hiệu quả

or achieve a goal.

(in)effectual adj (Not) successful in producing a desired or (không hiệu quả, (không) có
intended result tác dụng

(in)effective(ly) adj, adv (Not) producing the intended result or một cách (không) hiệu quả
having a successful impact.

FOLD

Chuyên Anh's little cor

enfold

unfold⭐
v

v
To surround or wrap someone or
something completely, often with warmth
or affection.

To reveal or develop over time.

ôm lấy, bao bọc

mở ra, phát triển

folder n A container, typically made of paper, tập hồ sơ, thư mục

plastic, or digital, used for organizing and
storing documents or files.

(un)folding n - Folding: The act of bending or - sự gấp lại, sự

creasing something so that uốn lại
one part lies over another. - sự mở ra, sự
- Unfolding: The process of phát triển
something being opened, revealed,
or developed.

foldaway adj Designed to be folded for easy storage; có thể gấp lại để dễ lưu trữ
something that can be folded away when
not in use (e.g., a foldaway bed).

FRUIT
fruitfulness n The quality of producing good results, sự sinh sôi, sự phong phú
abundance, or success; fertility.

fruitlessness n The lack of productivity, results, or success; sự không có kết quả, sự vô

barrenness. ích

fruition n The realization or fulfillment of a plan, sự hoàn thành, sự thực hiện

project, or goal

fruitful(ly) adj, adv Producing good results, success, or hiệu quả, phong phú
abundance.

fruitless(ly) adj, adv Failing to produce the desired result; không hiệu quả, vô ích
unproductive.

HAND
handle v To manage, deal with, or control something xử lý, quản lý

2
4
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

handler n A person who manages, controls, or người xử lý, người quản lý

directs something, often referring to
animals, equipment, or performers.

mishandle⭐ v To manage or deal with something poorly xử lý sai, quản lý kém

or incompetently

handout n Something distributed for free. tài liệu phát tay, sự phȗn
phát miễn phí

Chuyên Anh's little cor

handover n The act of passing control, responsibility, sự bàn giao
or possession of something to someone
else.

handful n, adj - A small quantity or number that một lượng nhỏ, một nhúm
can be held in one hand
- Used figuratively to describe
something difficult to manage.

handmade adj Made by hand, rather than by machine, làm bằng tay, thủ công
often implying craftsmanship and quality.

underhand⭐ adj, adv Done in a secretive, deceitful, or bí mật, lén lút

dishonest way

beforehand⭐ adv In advance; earlier in time or preparation. trước đó, sớm hơn

handy adj Convenient, easily accessible, or useful tiện lợi, dễ sử dụng

ILLUSION
disillusion v To cause someone to realize that a belief làm ai đó nhận ra rằng niềm
or idea they had is false or unrealistic; to tin hoặc ý tưởng của họ là
strip away illusions. sai lầm

disillusionment n The feeling of disappointment or loss of sự thất vọng khi nhận ra

faith that arises when one is disillusioned điều gì đó không như
mong đợi

disillusioned⭐ adj Feeling disappointed or let down after thất vọng, không còn tin
realizing that something or someone is not tưởng
as good as one had believed.

illusory⭐ adj Based on illusion; not real or misleading ảo tưởng, không thực tế

KNOW
acknowledge⭐ v To accept, admit, or recognize công nhận, thừa nhận
something's existence, truth, or
importance; to express recognition or
gratitude.

knowledge n Facts, information, and skills acquired kiến thức

through experience or education

2
4
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

acknowledgement n The act of accepting or sự công nhận, sự thừa nhận

recognizing something or
someone

knowledgeable adj Well-informed and educated; possessing a am hiểu, thông thạo

deep understanding of a particular subject

acknowledged adj Recognized or accepted as true or valid được công nhận, thừa nhận

(un)known adj (Not) recognized, familiar, or understood. không được biết đến,

Chuyên Anh's little cor

chưa được biết

knowing adj Showing awareness, understanding, hiểu biết, sáng suốt

or insight

unbeknownst⭐ adj Without the knowledge of someone; không được biết đến, không
unknown to someone. hay biết

unknowing(ly)⭐ ad, advj Not aware or conscious of something một cách không biết, vô
tình

NEGLECT
negligence n Failure to take proper care in doing sự lơ là, sự bất cẩn
something

negligible⭐ adj So small or unimportant as to be not worth không đáng kể, không
considering; insignificant quan trọng

negligibly adv In a manner that is so small or insignificant một cách không đáng kể
as to be unworthy of consideration.

negligent(ly) adj, adv Failing to take proper care or to fulfill one's một cách bất cẩn, lơ là
responsibilities; careless.

neglectful(ly) adj, adv Failing to care for or give attention to một cách thiếu quan tȗm,
something or someone properly. lơ là

PATIENT
patience n The ability to endure difficult circumstances sự kiȃn nhẫn
without becoming annoyed or anxious;
tolerance and persistence.

impatient adj Having or showing a lack of patience; thiếu kiȃn nhẫn, dễ cáu kỉnh
easily irritated or frustrated by delays or
difficulties.

(im)patiently adv - Patiently: In a way that shows một cách (thiếu) kiȃn nhẫn
tolerance and calm
endurance.
- Impatiently: In a manner that
shows irritation or frustration due
to delays or difficulties.
PREVENT

2
4
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

prevention n The action of stopping something from sự phòng ngừa

happening or arising.

preventative adj Something designed to stop or reduce the phòng ngừa

risk of something undesirable happening

preventive adj Designed to prevent or reduce the risk of phòng ngừa

something undesirable; relating to the
prevention of something

Chuyên Anh's little cor

(un)preventable adj (In)capable of being prevented or stopped. không thể phòng ngừa

REGRET
regrettable adj Deserving of regret or disappointment; đáng tiếc, đáng hối tiếc
unfortunate.

regrettably adv In a manner that causes regret or một cách đáng tiếc
disappointment; unfortunately.

regretful(ly) adj, adv Feeling or showing sorrow or cảm thấy tiếc nuối, hối tiếc
disappointment for something that has
happened.

RESOLVE
(ir)resolution⭐ n - Resolution: The firm decision to - quyết tȗm, sự
do or not to do something; the kiȃn định
quality of being determined. - sự do dự, sự
- Irresolution: Hesitation or không quyết đoán
uncertainty; lack of
resolution.

resoluteness n The quality of being firm, determined, and sự kiȃn định, sự quyết tȗm
unwavering in purpose or belief.

(un)resolved adj - Resolved: Decided or chưa/đã quyết định, chưa/đã

determined; settled or completed. giải quyết
- Unresolved: Not settled,
decided, or resolved; still open
or pending.
(ir)resolute(ly)⭐ adj, adv - Resolute: Admirably determined (thiếu) kiȃn định
and unwavering.
- Irresolute: Showing or
feeling hesitancy; uncertain.
- Resolutely: In a determined
and unwavering manner.
- Irresolutely: In an uncertain
or hesitant manner.

soluble adj - Capable of being có thể hòa tan, có thể giải

dissolved, especially in a quyết
liquid
- Able to be solved or explained.

2
4
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

insolvent⭐ adj Unable to pay debts or meet financial - không có khả

obligations nǔng trả nợ, phá
sản

unsolved adj Not solved or explained; still a mystery or không được giải quyết, chưa
problem. được giải thích

solvency n The ability to meet long-term financial khả nǔng trả nợ

obligations

Chuyên Anh's little cor

RESPOND
response n A reply or reaction to something phản hồi, phản ứng

respondent adj A person who replies or answers, người trả lời, người phản hồi
especially in a survey or legal case.

(un)responsive(ly) adj, adv - Responsive: Reacting quickly - nhạy cảm,

and positively to something; phản ứng
showing interest or attention. nhanh
- Unresponsive: Not reacting or - không phản
responding to something; ứng, không
indifferent or insensitive. nhạy cảm
- Responsively: In a manner that
shows quick and positive
reaction.
- Unresponsively: In a manner
that shows no reaction or
response.
RESULT

resultant adj Occurring as a consequence or outcome of xảy ra như một hệ quả

something

resulting adj Arising as a consequence or outcome of phát sinh, là kết quả của
something

SENSE
(de)sensitise⭐ v - Desensitise: To make someone - làm bớt nhạy
less sensitive to stimuli or to cảm, làm vô cảm
reduce emotional responsiveness - làm nhạy cảm,
to a particular experience or làm tǔng sự nhận
condition. thức
- Sensitise: To make someone more
sensitive or responsive to stimuli
or to increase awareness of
something.

sensation n A physical feeling or perception resulting cảm giác

from something that happens to or comes
into contact with the body

2
4
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

(in)sensitivity n - Sensitivity: The quality of being - độ nhạy cảm

easily affected by stimuli or - sự thiếu nhạy cảm

2
4
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

emotions; the capacity to perceive

and respond to slight changes.
- Insensitivity: Lack of sensitivity;
the inability to perceive or respond
to changes, emotions, or others'
feelings.

hypersensitivity n An exaggerated or abnormally high level of sự nhạy cảm quá mức

sensitivity, particularly to allergens or

Chuyên Anh's little cor

stimuli.

hypersensitive⭐ adj Extremely sensitive, either emotionally or nhạy cảm quá mức
physically

oversensitive adj Excessively or unreasonably sensitive, nhạy cảm thái quá

particularly to criticism or emotional
triggers.

sensuality n The enjoyment, expression, or pursuit of sự theo đuổi những khoái

physical pleasures, especially those cảm thể xác
involving the senses.

sensuousness n The quality of being pleasing to the sự dễ chịu cho các

senses, especially in an aesthetic or artistic giác quan
way

sensor n A device that detects and responds to cảm biến

changes in the environment, such as
temperature, light, or pressure.

sensory adj Relating to sensation or the physical thuộc về cảm giác

senses

(in)sensitive(ly)⭐ adj, adv - Sensitive: Ǫuick to detect or (không) nhạy cảm

respond to slight changes,
signals, or emotions; aware of
and responsive to others' feelings.
- Insensitive: Showing or feeling
no concern for others' feelings;
unresponsive to stimuli.

(un)sensational(ly) adj, adv - Sensational: Causing great public (không) gȗy nhiều sự chú ý
excitement or interest, often in a
way that is exaggerated or
overblown.
- Unsensational: Not causing great
excitement or interest; presented
in a more factual or restrained
manner.

sensual(ly) adj, adv Relating to or involving gratification of the liȃn quan đến sự thoải mái
senses, especially physical or sexual của giác quan
pleasure.

2
4
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

sensuous(ly) adj, adv Affecting or appealing to the senses, một cách dễ chịu cho các
especially in a pleasing or aesthetic way giác quan

Chuyên Anh's little cor

2
5
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

UNIT 20: POWER & SOCIAL ISSUES

Vocab Cateąory Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. minister, monarch, dictator, commander, authority
minister n a high-ranking bộ trưởng The Minister of Health
government official in announced new policies to
charge of a specific improve public health.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

department or ministry

monarch n a sovereign head of state, quốc vương, The monarch's role is

especially a king, queen, hoàng đế largely ceremonial in a
or emperor constitutional monarchy.

dictator n a ruler with absolute độc tài, nhà cầm The dictator's regime was
power, often ruling in an quyền chuyȃn marked by severe
oppressive or autocratic chế restrictions on freedom
manner and human rights.

commander n a person in authority, chỉ huy, người chỉ huy The commander directed
especially in the military; the troops during the
a leader who gives military operation.
orders

authority n the power or right to give quyền lực, thẩm The principal has the
orders, make decisions, quyền authority to implement new
and enforce obedience school policies.

2. enforce, label, impose, prohibit, restrict

enforce v to compel observance thi hành, thực thi The police are responsible
or compliance with a for enforcing traffic laws.
law, rule, or obligation

label v to assign a category or gán nhãn, dán nhãn The company labels its
description to something products to provide
or someone consumers with essential
information.

impose (sth v to force something to áp đặt, bắt buộc The government imposed
on) be accepted or put in new taxes to increase
place; to establish or revenue.
apply by authority

prohibit v to formally forbid cấm, ngǔn cấm Smoking is strictly

(sb/sth from) something by law, rule, prohibited in all public
or other authority areas of the building.

2
5
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

restrict v to limit or control the hạn chế, giới hạn The club restricts
extent or range of membership to residents of
something the neighborhood.

3. administer, command, summon

administer v to manage or oversee quản lý, thực hiện The nurse will administer
the execution of the vaccine to all the
something; to give or patients.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

apply something

command v to give an authoritative ra lệnh, chỉ huy The general commanded

order or instruction the troops to advance.

summon v to call upon someone to triệu tập, gọi đến The manager summoned
be present, often in an the team for an urgent
official capacity meeting.

4. superior, inferior, entitled, mainstream

superior adj higher in rank, status, cấp trȃn, ưu việt The superior officer
or quality reviewed the reports before
they were submitted.

inferior adj lower in rank, status, or cấp dưới, kém hơn The new model was
quality considered inferior to its
predecessor due to
performance issues.

entitled adj having a right to có quyền, được Employees are entitled to

something; deserving of hưởng a lunch break during their
something shift.

mainstream adj representing the chính thống, phổ biến The film's success was
prevalent or most widely due in part to its appeal to
accepted trends or ideas mainstream audiences.

5. bully, intimidate, victimize, undermine

bully v to use superior strength bắt nạt, ức hiếp The older students bullied
or influence to intimidate the younger ones on the
or coerce someone playground.

intimidate (sb v to frighten or make hù dọa, đe dọa The manager's harsh tone
into) someone feel afraid, was intended to intimidate
often to influence or the employees into
control them compliance.

victimize v to single out someone for làm nạn nhȗn, He felt victimized by the
cruel or unjust treatment trừng phạt unfair criticism he received.

2
5
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

undermine v to weaken or harm phá hoại, làm suy yếu His constant gossip was
something gradually or intended to undermine her
covertly confidence.

6. dominate, conquer, reinforce, reiąn, submit

dominate v to have control or chiếm ưu thế, thống The company's new product
influence over something trị quickly dominated the
or someone market.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

conquer v to overcome and take chinh phục, The empire sought to
control of a place or chiến thắng conquer neighboring
people by force territories.

reinforce v to strengthen or support củng cố, tǔng cường The team reinforced their
something, often by defense to secure the win.
additional means

reign v to hold royal office; to trị vì, cai trị The queen reigned over the
rule as a monarch country for several decades.

submit v to present or offer phục tùng, chịu khuất We protested about the
something for phục changes for a long time, but
consideration or in the end we had to submit.
judgment; to yield or
surrender

7. exempt, liberate
exempt (from) adj to free someone from an miễn trừ, loại trừ Certain organizations are
obligation or requirement exempt from paying taxes.

liberate v to set someone free from giải phóng, giải thoát The army's mission was to
imprisonment or liberate the city from enemy
oppression control.

8. reluctant, vulnerable
reluctant (to) adj unwilling or hesitant to do dự, lưỡng lự She was reluctant to accept
do something the promotion due to the
increased workload.

vulnerable adj susceptible to physical or dễ bị tổn thương, The small town was
(to) emotional harm; open to dễ bị hại particularly vulnerable to
attack or damage the economic downturn.

9. controversy, unrest
controversy n a prolonged public sự tranh cãi, sự The new policy sparked a
disagreement or bất đồng controversy among the
heated discussion community members.

2
5
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

unrest n a state of sự bất ổn, sự rối loạn, The recent economic

dissatisfaction, sự bất đồng downturn has led to
disturbance, or agitation widespread social
in a group of people, unrest.
often leading to protests
or strikes
10. prosecute, persecute, convict

Chuyên Anh's little cor

prosecute v to initiate legal truy tố, kiện tụng The district attorney
proceedings against decided to prosecute the
someone; to conduct a suspect for theft.
criminal case against
someone

persecute v to subject someone to ngược đãi, truy bức Many people were unfairly
hostility and persecuted for their
ill-treatment, especially religious beliefs during the
because of their race, period of intolerance.
political, or religious
beliefs

convict v to declare someone kết án, tuyȃn án có The jury convicted the
guilty of a criminal tội defendant of all charges.
offense; to find
someone guilty in a
court of law
11. institution, charity, community
institution n an organization or tổ chức, cơ quan The institution provides
establishment, especially support for underprivileged
one dedicated to children.
education, public service,
or social issues

charity n an organization that tổ chức từ thiện; lòng The charity organizes

helps people in need; từ thiện annual fundraisers to
the act of giving help to support disaster relief
those who are less efforts.
fortunate

community n a group of people living cộng đồng The local community came
in the same area or together to support the new
having a particular community center.
characteristic in common

12. prejudice, corruption

prejudice n preconceived opinion or định kiến, thành kiến Prejudice against certain
judgment, often based on groups can lead to
insufficient knowledge or discrimination and
irrational feelings inequality.

2
5
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

corruption n dishonest or fraudulent tham nhũng, sự đồi The investigation

conduct by those in bại revealed widespread
power, typically involving corruption within the
bribery government.

13. Other words

aggression n hostile or violent sự xȗm lược, hành vi The country's aggression
behavior or attitudes hung hǔng towards its neighbor led to

Chuyên Anh's little cor

towards another; a prolonged conflict.
readiness to attack
or confront

benign adj gentle and kindly; not hiền lành, tốt bụng The new manager was
harmful or dangerous (con người), lành tính known for her benign
(khối u), không nguy attitude, always
hiểm approachable and
supportive to her team.

consent n, v permission or agreement sự đồng ý, sự The patient gave consent

for something to happen cho phép for the surgery after
or be done discussing the risks with the
doctor.

former adj having previously been cựu, trước đȗy The former president
a particular thing; attended the ceremony
preceding in time or as an honored guest.
order

resist v to withstand or fight chống lại, kháng cự She struggled to resist the
against something; to temptation to check her
refuse to accept or phone during the meeting.
comply with something

society n a community of people xã hội, cộng đồng The society organized

living together in a more events to raise awareness
or less ordered about environmental issues.
community; an organized
group of people with a
common purpose

subject v, n a person or thing that is chủ đề, đối tượng The subject of the lecture
being discussed, was the impact of climate
described, or dealt with; change on coastal cities.
a topic or area of study

subjective adj based on or influenced chủ quan, cá nhȗn Her review of the book was
by personal feelings, highly subjective, reflecting
tastes, or opinions; not her personal preferences.
objective

2
5
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

abolish v to formally put an end bãi bỏ, hủy bỏ The government decided to
to a system, practice, abolish the outdated law.
or institution

advocate (for) v to publicly support or ủng hộ, khuyến khích She advocates for
recommend a environmental protection
particular cause or and sustainability.
policy

Chuyên Anh's little cor

alleviate v to make a problem or làm giảm bớt, giảm The new measures are
suffering less severe nhẹ designed to alleviate traffic
congestion in the city.

bureaucracy n a system of government hệ thống quan liȃu, The bureaucracy often

or management where bộ máy hành chính slows down the
decisions are made by implementation of new
state officials or policies.
administrators rather
than by elected
representatives; the
administrative system
governing any large
institution

class n a group of people tầng lớp, lớp học The social class system
sharing a common has a significant impact on
social, economic, or one's opportunities in life.
educational status; a
category of people or
things with shared
characteristics

deterrent n something that yếu tố rǔn đe, The heavy fines act as a
discourages or is sự ngǔn chặn deterrent to those
intended to considering illegal parking.
discourage someone
from doing something

heritage n property that is or may di sản, tài sản vǔn The museum showcases
be inherited; something hóa the rich cultural heritage of
that is handed down the region.
from the past, especially
an inheritance or
cultural tradition

immigration n the action of coming to sự nhập cư Immigration policies can

live permanently in a greatly affect a country's
foreign country; the demographic composition.
movement of people into
a country for the purpose
of settling there

2
5
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

industrial n phr measures taken by hành động công The union organized
action workers, such as strikes nghiệp (đình industrial action to negotiate
or work stoppages, to công, biểu tình) higher wages for the
protest against working employees.
conditions or to achieve
better terms of
employment

legislation n laws, considered pháp luật, lập pháp New legislation was

Chuyên Anh's little cor

collectively; the process introduced to address the
of making or enacting issues of climate change.
laws

prison reform n phr changes made to cải cách hệ thống nhà The new prison reform aims
improve the conditions tù to reduce recidivism rates
and practices within the and improve rehabilitation
prison system programs.

privileged adj having special đặc quyền, ưu đãi She felt privileged to have
rights, advantages, received such a high level of
or immunities; education.
favored

state n a politically organized nhà nước, bang, The state is responsible for
body of people usually trạng thái maintaining public order
occupying a definite and providing essential
territory; a government or services.
political entity

PHRASAL VERBS:

Phrasal verb Meaniną Nąhĩa

back down (from/on) stop asking for sth or stop saying thừa nhận sai, nhận thua bởi vì nhiều
that you will do sth, because a lot of người phản đối
people oppose you

blend in if sb or sth blends in, they are similar hòa lẫn, kết hợp với nhau
to the other people, objects, buildings,
etc around them, and so they seem
appropriate or you do not notice them

bring about make sth happen, especially cause gȗy ra, tạo nȃn điều gì đó, đặc biệt là
changes in a situation thay đổi tình huống

crack down (on) start dealing with sb or sth much phạt, xử phạt, trừng phạt, giải quyết vấn
more strictly đề gì đó nghiȃm ngặt

get in be elected for a political job được bầu cho một chức vụ nào đó trong
chính trị

2
5
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

get off - not be punished severely or at - được giảm nhẹ tội

all for sth you have been
accused of in court
- have a particular period of - đi nghỉ dưỡng, có thời gian
time as a holiday nghỉ dưỡng
- send sth, for example in the post - gửi đi (thư)

give in - stop competing or arguing - chịu thua, nhượng bộ, đầu hàng
and accept that you cannot

Chuyên Anh's little cor

give in (to sth) win - từ bỏ ham muốn gì đó
- if you give in to sth, you can
no longer control the feeling
of wanting it

hit back - criticize sb who has criticized you - chỉ trích ngược lại (người đã chỉ
- deliberately hurt sb who has hurt trích mình trước đó)
you - cố tình gȗy tổn thương, thương
tích cho ai đã làm với bạn

lock up - put sb in a prison - bỏ tù ai đó

- lock all the doors and - khóa cửa, đóng cửa hoặc cửa sổ
windows of a building so that để không cho ai vào
no one can get in

opt out (of) decide not to take part in sth or stop lựa chọn không tham gia
taking part in it

phase out gradually stop using sth dần dần từ bỏ dùng thứ gì đó

push sb about/around keep telling sb what to do in an unfair bắt ép, thúc đẩy ai đó
or unpleasant way

single out (of) choose one person from a group for gȗy sự chú ý đặc biệt về một người nào
special attention đó (để chỉ trích hoặc tuyȃn dương)

stand up to not allow yourself to be treated badly, đương đầu với ai đó để không bị đối xử
especially by sb in authority không công bằng, đặc biệt là chính
quyền

take over - take control of sth - kiểm soát thứ gì đó

- begin to do sth that sb else was - đảm nhận công việc của ai đang làm
doing

talk down to talk to sb as if you think they are not nói chuyện tỏ vẻ xem thường,
as clever or important as you are giọng khinh bỉ

IDIOMS:
Idiom Meaniną Nąhĩa
bury/have your head in the sand to refuse to think about từ chối nghĩ về điều gì đó (phần

2
5
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

unpleasant facts, although they lớn là sự thật, nghĩa vụ, nguy

will have an influence on your hiểm tiềm tàng) và vờ như
situation chúng không hiện hữu

gain/get/have/take the upper If you have the upper hand, you có quyền lực lớn hơn cả
hand have more power than anyone
else and so have control

get/have one’s own way get or do what one wants despite làm việc gì đó mà bản thȗn

uyên Anh's little

opposition hoặc ai đó muốn bất chấp sự
phản đối

live and let live said to mean that people should sử dụng để khuyȃn người khác
accept the way other people live nȃn chấp nhận cách sống và hành

corner
and behave, especially if they xử khác biệt của mỗi người
do things in a different way

pull (a few) strings to be in control of an bí mật nắm giữ, điều khiển một
organization or a situation, often tổ chức, vụ việc nào đó.
secretly

red tape official rules and processes that quy định, quy tắc, thủ tục không
seem unnecessary and cause cần thiết và gȗy ra sự chậm trễ
delays

take the law into sb’s own hands to try to punish sb for breaking a cố gắng để trừng trị ai đó bằng
law even though one does not chính bản thȗn vì biết rằng pháp
have the right to do that luật sẽ không trừng trị thích đáng

the powers that be important people who have the những người quan trọng và
authority over others. có tầm ảnh hưởng lȃn người
khác

throw the book at sb To punish sb as severely as trừng trị ai đó một cách khắt
possible khe nhất có thể

to be under sb’s thumb to be under one’s complete dưới sự kiểm soát và ảnh hưởng
control and influence hoàn toàn của ai đó

PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

Ch Idioms Meaniną
ARM
Nąhĩa

arm sb with To provide someone with the trang bị ai đó với cái gì

necessary tools, information, or
resources to accomplish a task or
defend themselves.

arm yourself against to prepare or protect oneself from a bảo vệ bản thȗn khỏi điều gì đó
potential threat or danger.
2
5
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

take up arms (against) To engage in armed conflict or nȗng cao vũ trang (chống lại)
warfare, often as a form of rebellion
or defense

lay down (your) arms To cease hostilities or surrender in a đầu hàng, từ bỏ vũ trang
conflict by putting down weapons.

up in arms (about) To be very angry, upset, or agitated phẫn nộ, tức giận về điều gì đó
about something.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

arms control Policies, agreements, or measures kiểm soát vũ khí
designed to limit or regulate the
production, possession, and use of
weapons, especially in the context
of international relations.

arms race A competitive and often dangerous cuộc đua vũ trang

cycle of military build-up between
two or more nations, driven by the
desire to outdo each other in terms
of weaponry and defense
capabilities.

AUTHORITY
have the authority to do To possess the legal or official có thẩm quyền làm
power to perform a specific action
or make decisions.

grant sb the authority to do To give someone the official or legal cấp quyền cho ai làm
power to perform a particular task or
make decisions.

have authority over To hold a position or role that allows có thẩm quyền đối với
one to make decisions or exercise
control over others.

have sth on good authority To believe or trust information có thông tin đáng tin cậy về điều
because it comes from a reliable or gì đó
credible source.

in authority Refers to individuals or entities in trong tư cách có thẩm quyền

positions of power, often in official or
leadership roles.

with authority Acting or speaking confidently and có uy tín, quyền lực

decisively, often due to
possessing expertise or being in a
position of power.

the authorities Typically refers to government or các cơ quan chính quyền

law enforcement officials

2
6
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

responsible for enforcing laws and

maintaining order in a jurisdiction.

local authority A government body responsible for chính quyền địa phương
governing and providing services
at the local or municipal level, such
as a city or county government.

CHARGE

Chuyên Anh's little cor

charge sb with To formally accuse someone of chính quyền địa phương
committing a crime, leading to legal
proceedings against them.

charge sb for To request payment or impose a fee tính phí, buộc tội ai về việc gì đó
for a product or service.

take charge To assume control or responsibility đảm nhận trách nhiệm,

for a situation or task. điều hành

(put) in charge (of) To appoint someone as the leader or đặt ai đó chịu trách nhiệm
person responsible for a particular
group, department, or task

overall charge Having ultimate responsibility or trách nhiệm tổng cảnh

control over something, often used
in the context of management or
leadership.

CLASS
class sb/sth as to put someone or something in a xếp loại ai/cái gì đó như là
particular group according to
their qualities.

social class a group of people within a society tầng lớp xã hội

who possess the same
socioeconomic status and share
similar values, beliefs, and lifestyles.

working/middle/upper class subgroups of social class that are tầng lớp lao động/trung
based on income, education, lưu/thượng lưu
occupation, and cultural preferences.

ruling class the social class or group that tầng lớp cầm quyền
holds the primary power and
control in a society.

class system a system of social stratification that hệ thống tầng lớp

divides a society into a hierarchy of
social positions based on factors
such as wealth, power, culture, and
prestige.

2
6
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

class differences the variations in psychological sự chȃnh lệch giữa các tầng lớp
tendencies, behaviors, and
outcomes that emerge across
individuals from different social
classes.

class war conflict or struggle between people chiến tranh giai cấp
of different social classes, that may
involve violence or political

Chuyên Anh's little cor

action.
CRIME

commit/report/witness/solve a To engage in unlawful activities that phạm tội/báo cáo/chứng kiến/giải

crime violate established laws or quyết một tội ác
regulations.

report a crime To inform law enforcement or báo cáo một tội ác

authorities about a criminal incident.

witness a crime To observe a criminal act làm chứng mắt cho một tội ác
taking place.

solve a crime To successfully investigate and giải quyết một tội ác

resolve a criminal case, often
resulting in the identification and
apprehension of the perpetrator.

fight/combat crime To take actions and implement đấu tranh chống tội phạm
measures aimed at reducing or
preventing criminal activities within
a community or society.

the scene of a crime The location where a criminal hiện trường tội ác
incident occurred, often examined by
law enforcement for evidence.

organized crime Criminal activities carried out by tội phạm tổ chức

structured and often secretive
groups involved in illegal
enterprises, such as drug
trafficking or racketeering.

crime prevention Strategies, policies, and efforts phòng ngừa tội phạm
designed to reduce the occurrence
of criminal activities and enhance
public safety.

crime rate The frequency or incidence of tỷ lệ tội phạm

criminal offenses within a specific
area or population, usually
expressed as a per capita statistic.

2
6
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

crime wave A sudden and significant increase in làn sóng tội phạm
criminal activity over a relatively

2
6
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

short period, often leading to

concerns about public safety.

DENY
deny sb sth To refuse or withhold something từ chối cung cấp cái gì đó cho ai
from someone. đó

deny a request To reject or decline a specific request từ chối yȃu cầu

Chuyên Anh's little cor

made by someone.

deny that To state or assert that something is phủ nhận gì đó

not true.

deny doing To reject the claim or accusation phủ nhận làm gì

that one has performed a particular
action.

deny having done To refute the assertion that one has phủ nhận đã làm
completed a specific action or
committed an offense.

deny (all) responsibility To disavow or reject any từ chối trách nhiệm

accountability or blame for a
situation or outcome.

EXAMPLE
for example Used to introduce an instance or ví dụ
illustration of something previously
mentioned or as a means of
providing clarification or emphasis.

make an example of To use someone or something as a làm mẫu, làm ví dụ từ

warning or demonstration to others

set an example To behave in a way that serves as làm gương, tạo ra một ví dụ
a model for others to follow or
emulate, often in terms of behavior,
attitude, or performance.

follow an example To imitate or replicate the actions, theo đuổi một ví dụ

behavior, or qualities of someone
who serves as a positive role model
or reference point.

give an example To provide a specific instance or đưa ra một ví dụ

illustration to clarify or support a
point or argument.

an example of A specific case or instance that một ví dụ về

represents a broader category
or concept.

2
6
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

classic/prime example A particularly noteworthy or ví dụ kinh điển

exceptional instance that perfectly
represents a specific category or
concept.

FORCE
force sb to do To compel or require someone to ép buộc ai phải làm gì
perform an action against their will

Chuyên Anh's little cor

or desire.

force sth on sb To impose or insist on something, áp đặt cái gì lȃn ai

such as an idea, belief, or
responsibility, onto another
person, often without their
consent.

force your way into/through To use physical strength or mở đường bằng cách ép buộc
determination to enter or pass hoặc chui qua
through a barrier, obstacle, or
situation.

force a smile To put on a smile, often insincerely, cười giả tạo

despite feeling unhappy or
uncomfortable.

with force Using physical strength, power, or bằng cách ép buộc

intensity to accomplish a task or
achieve an objective.

police force A governmental organization lực lượng cảnh sát

responsible for maintaining law and
order, preventing and investigating
crimes, and ensuring public safety
within a particular jurisdiction.

armed force The military organizations, including lực lượng vũ trang

the army, navy, air force, and
marines, are responsible for
defending a nation and carrying out
military operations.

GRANT
grant sth to To give or bestow something, such cấp cái gì cho ai
as a privilege, right, or benefit, to
another person or entity.

grant sb permission/authority To officially allow or authorize cấp phép/quyền cho ai

someone to do something.

grant a request To approve or fulfill a request made chấp thuận yȃu cầu
by someone.

2
6
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

grant sb’s wish To fulfill or make a desire or wish đáp ứng mong muốn của ai
come true for someone.

LAW

become law Refers to the process by which a bill trở thành luật
or legislation is officially enacted
and becomes part of the legal
system.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

break the law

follow the law

To violate or act contrary to
established laws or regulations.

To obey and adhere to established

laws and regulations.
phạm pháp

tuȗn theo pháp luật

uphold the law To maintain and enforce existing bảo vệ, duy trì pháp luật
laws and legal standards.

pass a law The legislative process by which a thông qua một luật
proposed bill is approved and
becomes a new law.

amend a law To make changes or modifications to sửa đổi một luật

an existing law through the
legislative process.

repeal a law To officially revoke or abolish hủy bỏ một luật

an existing law through
legislative action.

lay down the law To assert authority or make đặt ra quy tắc, yȃu cầu người
authoritative declarations, often in a khác phải tuȗn theo
strict or commanding manner.

practise law To work as a lawyer, providing hành nghề luật

legal advice, representation, and
services to clients.

against the law Prohibited or unlawful, not in vi phạm pháp luật

accordance with established legal
regulations.

above the law The belief or perception that certain không phải tuȗn theo pháp luật
individuals or entities are exempt
from obeying the law due to their
status, power, or influence.

by/under law In accordance with or subject to theo/phục tùng theo pháp luật
legal regulations and requirements.

law and order The maintenance of a stable and trật tự và an toàn

orderly society through the

2
6
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

enforcement of laws and

regulations.

LOCK
lock sth in To secure or enclose something khóa cái gì lại
inside a locked container or space.

lock horns with To engage in a conflict or argument va chạm, cãi nhau với ai đó

Chuyên Anh's little cor

with someone, often in a
confrontational or combative
manner.

under lock and key Safely secured and protected, an toàn, được giữ cẩn thận
typically through the use of locks
and keys.

locksmith A professional who specializes thợ sửa khóa

in opening, repairing, and
installing locks and keys.

PEER
peer group A social group consisting of nhóm bạn, nhóm người cùng
individuals who share similar lứa tuổi
characteristics, interests, or
experiences, often belonging to the
same age cohort.

peer pressure The influence exerted by one's peers áp lực từ bạn bè, đồng lứa
to conform to their attitudes,
behaviors, or expectations, often
leading to changes in one's own
behavior or choices.

POWER
take/seize/hold/exercise/exert/w - To assume control or - đảm nhận hoặc giữ
ield/abuse power authority over a situation, quyền lực và thẩm
organization, or government. quyền đối với một
tình huống, tổ chức
- To forcefully and often hoặc chính phủ.
unlawfully acquire control or - Chiếm đoạt quyền lực
authority. mạnh mẽ và thường
là một cách không
- To maintain and continue to hợp pháp.
exercise control or authority. - Duy trì và tiếp tục thực
- To actively use and hiện quyền lực và
apply authority or thẩm quyền.
influence to make - Sử dụng và áp dụng
decisions or affect quyền lực hoặc ảnh
outcomes. hưởng mạnh mẽ để
đưa

2
6
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

- To apply force, effort, ra quyết định hoặc ảnh

or influence in a hưởng đến kết quả.
specific direction or to - Áp dụng lực, nỗ lực
achieve a particular hoặc ảnh hưởng một
goal. cách tích cực để đạt
được một hướng cụ thể
- To possess and effectively hoặc mục tiȃu cụ thể.
use authority or influence - Sở hữu và sử dụng
to achieve desired results. một cách hiệu quả

Chuyên Anh's little cor

quyền lực hoặc ảnh
hưởng để đạt được kết
- To misuse or exploit quả mong muốn.
authority or influence for - Lạm dụng hoặc khai
personal gain or to thác quyền lực hoặc ảnh
harm others. hưởng vì lợi ích cá nhȗn
hoặc gȗy hại cho người
khác.

in power Refers to being in a position of đang nắm giữ quyền lực

authority or control, often in a
political context.

beyond sb’s power Out of one's control or capability to vượt quá khả nǔng của ai đó
manage or influence.

power to do The ability or authority to carry out a quyền lực để làm gì

specific action or task.

power struggle A conflict or competition for cuộc đấu tranh quyền lực
authority or control, often within an
organization or between individuals
or groups.

power structure The hierarchical arrangement of cấu trúc quyền lực

authority and influence within an
organization, society, or group.

power base The source of an individual's or cơ sở quyền lực

group's authority or influence, often
derived from resources, support, or
connections.

PRISON
go to prison To be incarcerated or sentenced to vào tù
serve time in a correctional facility.

send sb to prison To impose a legal judgment that bắt ai đó vào tù

results in an individual being
incarcerated.

2
6
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

in prison The state of being confined in a đang ở trong tù

correctional facility as a result of a
criminal conviction.

prison term The duration of time an individual is thời kỳ tù

sentenced to spend in prison.

prison sentence The formal judgment issued by a hình phạt tù

court imposing a specific period of

Chuyên Anh's little cor

incarceration as punishment for a
crime.

prison reform Efforts and initiatives aimed at cải cách hệ thống tù

improving the conditions and
outcomes of the prison system.

prison officer An employee responsible for nhȗn viȃn tù nhȗn

supervising and managing inmates
within a correctional facility.

open prison A correctional facility with less nhà tù mở

stringent security measures where
inmates may have more freedoms
and responsibilities.

PROVOKE
provoke sb into doing To incite or stimulate someone to khiȃu khích ai đó làm gì
engage in a particular action or
behavior.

provoke a To cause a strong emotional or khiȃu khích phản ứng/phản

reaction/protest/response behavioral response in others, đối/phản hồi
often by actions or statements.

provoke outrage To elicit intense anger, shock, or khiȃu khích sự phẫn nộ

indignation in people.

RIGHT
have a/the/no/every right to do To possess, lack, or be entitled có quyền làm gì đó
to perform a particular action or
exercise a specific privilege or
freedom.

give sb the right to do To grant someone permission or cấp quyền cho ai đó làm
authority to engage in a particular
action or exercise a specific privilege
or freedom.

right and wrong Moral principles or ethical đúng và sai

distinctions regarding what is

2
6
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

considered acceptable (right)

and unacceptable (wrong)
behavior.

right in To be correct or accurate in one's đúng khi nói/suy nghĩ/tin

saying/thinking/believing statements, thoughts, or beliefs.

right (of sb) to do The entitlement or privilege of an quyền (của ai đó) làm gì
individual to perform a specific

Chuyên Anh's little cor

action or make a certain
decision.

equal rights The principle that all individuals are quyền lợi bình đẳng
entitled to the same legal, social,
and political privileges and
protections, regardless of differences
such as race, gender, or ethnicity.

human rights Fundamental rights and freedoms to quyền con người

which all humans are entitled, often
including the right to life, liberty, and
security.

animal rights The ethical consideration of the quyền động vật

well-being and humane treatment
of animals, often advocating for their
protection from harm and
exploitation.

RULE
break/bend/follow the rules - To violate established vi phạm/ bẻ cong/ tuȗn theo quy
regulations or tắc
guidelines.
- To deviate from
established regulations or
guidelines in a flexible or
lenient manner.
- To adhere to established
regulations or
guidelines.

against the rules Contrary to established regulations vi phạm quy tắc

or guidelines.

as a rule Generally or typically, in accordance như một quy tắc

with a common practice or norm.

rule of law The principle that all individuals and chế độ pháp luật
institutions are subject to and
accountable under the law.

2
6
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

rule of thumb A general guideline or heuristic for nguyȃn tắc tổng quát
making decisions or estimates based
on practical experience.

2
6
1
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

rules and regulations Established guidelines, policies, or quy tắc và quy định
laws governing behavior, conduct, or
procedures.

SENTENCE

sentence sb to To impose a specific punishment, tuyȃn phạt ai đó

often in the form of imprisonment,
as a result of a legal judgment.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

pass sentence The act of a judge or court officially tuyȃn án
pronouncing and imposing a
punishment or penalty on a
convicted individual.

serve a sentence (of five To spend a designated period thụ án (5 nǔm, vv.)
years,etc) in prison as a consequence of
a criminal conviction.

prison sentence A judgment imposing the hình phạt tù

punishment of execution for a
serious crime.

prison officer a uniformed law enforcement official nhȗn viȃn tù nhȗn

who is responsible for the custody,
supervision, safety, and regulation of
prisoners.

open prison a prison in which prisoners are nhà tù mở

allowed more freedom than in other
prisons.

SOCIAL
social conditions The prevailing circumstances, điều kiện xã hội
environment, and factors that
influence the well-being and quality
of life within a society.

social contact Interaction and communication with giao tiếp xã hội

other individuals in society.

social security Government programs and an sinh xã hội

initiatives designed to provide
financial assistance and support to
individuals or families in need,
often during times of
unemployment, disability, or
retirement.

social services Public or private organizations and dịch vụ xã hội

agencies that provide various forms
of assistance and support to
individuals or communities, often

2
7
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

related to health, welfare, and

education.

social call A visit made to socialize or maintain cuộc gặp gỡ xã hội

relationships with friends or
acquaintances.

social worker A professional trained to provide nhȗn viȃn xã hội

social services, support, and

Chuyên Anh's little cor

assistance to individuals or families
facing various challenges or crises.

social club An organization or group formed for cȗu lạc bộ xã hội

socializing, recreation, or common
interests.

social life The aspects of life related to cuộc sống xã hội

socializing, interacting with others,
and participating in social activities.

SUBJECT
subject sb to To expose or make bắt ai phải chịu đựng
someone experience
something, often negative
or unpleasant.

bring up/get onto a subject To introduce or begin discussing a nȃu ra một chủ đề
particular topic in conversation.

drop/change the subject To divert or shift the focus of a chuyển chủ đề

conversation away from a particular
topic.

subject to Being vulnerable or exposed tùy thuộc vào

to something, often a condition
or external influence.

the subject of Something that is the topic or focus chủ đề của

of discussion, examination, or
consideration.

British subject A term historically used to describe thần dȗn Anh

individuals who were citizens or
residents of the United Kingdom or
its territories, although it has been
largely replaced by the concept of
British citizenship in modern times.

WORD FORMATION:
Word Cate Meaniną Nąhĩa

2
7
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

AGGRESSION
aggressiveness n The quality of being forceful, assertive, or sự hung hǔng, quyết đoán
ready to attack or confront

aggressor n A person or country that initiates an attack kẻ tấn công, kẻ xȗm lược
or conflict

aggressive(ly) adj - Ready or likely to attack or confront hung hǔng, sẵn sàng tấn

Chuyên Anh's little cor

- Pursuing goals with force công; mạnh mẽ, quyết liệt
and determination.

passive-aggressive adj A type of behavior characterized by hành vi bị động gȗy hấn

indirect resistance to the demands of (cư xử gián tiếp để chống
others and an avoidance of direct đối mà không đối đầu trực
confrontation, often expressed through tiếp)
procrastination, stubbornness, or sarcasm.

ARGUE
argument n - A reason or set of reasons given lý lẽ; cuộc tranh cãi
to persuade others that an action
or idea is right or wrong
- A dispute or disagreement.

argumentative(ly) adj Given to arguing or disputing thích tranh luận, hay cãi

(un)arguable adj - Arguable: Open to debate or có thể (không thể) tranh

doubt; capable of being argued. cãi, còn (không còn) nghi
- Unarguable: Not open to debate vấn
or dispute; indisputable.

arguably adv It can be argued that; possibly, but not có thể cho rằng
certainly.

CHARITY
charitableness n The quality of being kind and generous, lòng từ thiện, sự nhȗn ái
especially in giving to those in need.

(un)charitable adj (Not) generous in giving help to those in (không) từ thiện, nhȗn ái
need

(un)charitably adv - Charitably: In a generous or một cách (không) nhȗn từ

kind manner; leniently.
- Uncharitably: In a manner that
is unkind or harsh in judgment.

CRIME
(de)criminalize⭐ v - Decriminalize: To reduce or hợp pháp hóa/tội phạm hóa
remove the criminal status of
something, often making it legal or
less severely punished.

2
7
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

- Criminalize: To make
something illegal or subject to
criminal penalties

incriminate⭐ v To make someone appear guilty of a buộc tội, đổ tội

crime or wrongdoing

criminal adj Relating to crime or its punishment thuộc về tội phạm, liȃn
quan đến tội ác

Chuyên Anh's little cor

criminality n The state of being criminal; involvement in tình trạng tội phạm
criminal activities or behaviors.

criminology⭐ n The scientific study of crime, its causes, tội phạm học
effects, and prevention.

criminally adv In a manner that relates to or involves một cách phạm pháp
crime; in a way that is illegal.

DOMINATE
domineer v To assert one's will over others in an áp đặt, cưỡng ép một
arrogant or domineering manner; to be cách độc đoán
overbearing.

domination n The exercise of control or power over others; sự thống trị, sự áp đảo
supremacy or authority.

(pre)dominance n - Predominance: The state of sự chiếm ưu thế/vượt trội

being greater in number,
strength, influence, or
importance.
- Dominance: The state of
having control or power over
others.

dominant adj Having power, influence, or control over có quyền lực, có ảnh
others; more important or noticeable than hưởng lớn
others.

domineering adj Asserting one's will over others in an độc đoán, hống hách
overbearing or arrogant way; bossy and
controlling.

dominating adj Exerting strong control or influence over thống trị, kiểm soát
others; commanding.

predominant(ly)⭐ adj, adv - Predominant: Present as the nổi bật, chủ yếu
strongest or main element;
having dominance.
- Predominantly: Mainly or for
the most part.

DUTY

2
7
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

dutiful adj Conscientiously or obediently fulfilling one's có trách nhiệm, biết bổn
duty or responsibilities phận

dutifully adv In a manner that shows a sense of duty or một cách có trách nhiệm,
obligation; obediently. chu đáo

EXAMPLE
exemplify v - To serve as a good example làm gương, minh họa

Chuyên Anh's little cor

or model of something
- To illustrate or clarify by giving
an example.

exemplification n The act of showing or illustrating by sự minh họa, ví dụ

example

exemplary adj Serving as a desirable model or example; gương mẫu, đáng noi theo
worthy of imitation; commendable.

GOVERN
misgovern⭐ v To govern or rule in a way that is cai trị tồi, quản lý kém
inefficient, corrupt, or unjust; to manage
public affairs poorly.

government n The governing body of a nation, state, or chính quyền, sự cai quản
community; the system or organization by
which a political unit is ruled.

governor n A person who is the official leader of a state thống đốc

or region, typically within a country

governess n A woman employed to educate and train gia sư (nữ)

children in a private household, often with
responsibilities for their moral and
intellectual development.

governing n The act or process of ruling or managing a sự cai trị, điều hành
country, organization, or people; having
authority to control or direct.

governmental⭐ adj Relating to the government or its functions thuộc về chính phủ

ungovernable⭐ adj Impossible to control or manage; defying không thể cai trị, không thể
governance or regulation. kiểm soát

HARD
harden v To make or become hard, firm, or solid làm cứng lại, trở nȃn
cứng rắn

hardship⭐ n Severe suffering or privation; a condition gian khổ, khó khǔn

that is difficult to endure, often due to lack
of resources or adversity.

2
7
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

hardness n The quality or condition of being hard; độ cứng, sự cứng rắn

firmness or severity in character, behavior, or
substance.

hardy adj Capable of enduring difficult conditions, dẻo dai, mạnh mẽ

particularly of surviving adverse weather;
robust and strong.

hardly adv Scarcely or barely; only just, often used to hiếm khi, khó có thể

Chuyên Anh's little cor

indicate that something is unlikely or
difficult to believe.

INDICATION
indication n A sign or piece of information that suggests dấu hiệu, sự biểu thị
something

indicator n A device or sign that shows the condition or chỉ số, thiết bị chỉ thị
existence of something

indicative adj Serving as a sign or indication of something biểu lộ, biểu thị

contraindication⭐ n A reason or factor that makes a particular chống chỉ định (y tế)
treatment or procedure inadvisable or
harmful.

INSTITUTE
institutionalize v To establish something as a norm or thể chế hóa; đưa vào cơ sở
standard within an organization or culture; chǔm sóc dài hạn
to place a person in a long-term care
facility, such as a mental institution.

institution n An established organization, particularly tổ chức, cơ quan, viện

one with a public, educational, or charitable
purpose

institutional adj Relating to or characteristic of an thuộc về tổ chức, cơ quan

institution or institutions

institutionalized adj Established as a norm or system within an được thể chế hóa, cố định
organization or culture trong hệ thống

MIGHT
mighty adj Possessing great power or strength; mạnh mẽ, to lớn
impressive in size, scope, or importance.

mightily adv In a powerful or forceful manner; to a great một cách mạnh mẽ

extent or degree.

almighty adj Having complete power; often used to refer toàn nǔng, có quyền lực
to a supreme being or deity with unlimited tuyệt đối
power.

2
7
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

MORAL
moralize v To comment on issues of right and lȃn lớp về đạo đức,
wrong, often with a condescending or phán xét đạo đức
judgmental tone

demoralize⭐ v To cause someone to lose confidence, spirit, làm mất tinh thần, làm nản
or hope lòng

Chuyên Anh's little cor

(im/a)morality n - Morality: Principles concerning the đạo đức/vô đạo đức/không
distinction between right and wrong có đạo đức
or good and bad behavior.
- Immorality: Behavior that
goes against moral norms or
ethical standards;
wrongdoing.
- Amorality: The absence of, or
indifference to, morality; lacking
a sense of right and wrong.

moralist n A person who teaches or promotes morality, nhà đạo đức học, người
often in a strict or judgmental manner. giảng đạo

morale n The confidence, enthusiasm, and discipline tinh thần, khí thế
of a person or group at a particular time

immoral(ly) adj, adv Not conforming to accepted standards of vô đạo đức

morality; unethical.

amoral(ly)⭐ adj, adv Lacking a sense of morality; not concerned không quan tȗm đến đạo
with whether something is right or wrong. đức

OFFICE
officiate⭐ v To act as an official in charge of an event, làm nhiệm vụ, làm trọng tài
particularly a ceremony or sporting event

official(dom) n The realm or domain of officials, particularly lĩnh vực của các quan chức,
in government or bureaucracy quan liȃu

officer n Someone who has been appointed to a quan chức, sĩ quan

position of responsibility.

officious⭐ adj Assertive of authority in an annoyingly quan liȃu, can thiệp quá
domineering way, especially with regard to mức
trivial matters

(un)official(ly) adj, adv - Official: Authorized or recognized (không) chính thức

by a proper authority; relating to an
office or position of responsibility.
- Unofficial: Not recognized or
authorized by a proper
authority; informal.

PERMIT

2
7
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

permission n The act of allowing someone to do sự cho phép

something

permissiveness n A tendency to be overly lenient or tolerant, sự dễ dãi, phóng túng

especially in allowing behavior that is
traditionally seen as inappropriate or
unacceptable.

(im)permissible⭐ adj (Not) allowed or permitted according to (không) được phép

Chuyên Anh's little cor

rules or laws

permissive adj Allowing or characterized by great freedom dễ dãi, cho phép nhiều
of behavior quyền tự do

PERSUADE
dissuade⭐ v To persuade someone not to take a khuyȃn ngǔn, can ngǔn
particular course of action

persuasion n The act of convincing someone to do or sự thuyết phục

believe something through reasoning or
argument

persuasiveness n The quality of being able to convince others tính thuyết phục
to do or believe something

persuasive(ly) adj, adv Good at persuading someone to do or có tính thuyết phục

believe something

POWER
empower⭐ v To give someone the authority or power to trao quyền, làm cho có thể
do something

overpower v To defeat or overcome by superior force áp đảo, khuất phục

empowerment n The process of giving individuals or groups sự trao quyền, sự làm chủ
the power and confidence to control their
own lives and make their own decisions.

powerlessness n The state of being without power or sự bất lực, không có quyền
influence

powerful(ly) adj, adv Having great strength, influence, or control mạnh mẽ, có quyền lực

powerless(ly) adj, adv Lacking the ability, strength, or influence to không có quyền lực, yếu ớt
do something

PREJUDICE
(un)prejudiced⭐ adj - Prejudiced: Having or showing a (không) thành kiến,
preconceived opinion or bias, thiȃn kiến
often based on irrational or
unjustified reasons.

2
7
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

- Unprejudiced: Free from bias or

preconceived opinions; impartial or
fair-minded.

prejudicial adj Causing harm or disadvantage, especially by có hại, gȗy bất lợi
creating prejudice or bias

PROVOKE

Chuyên Anh's little cor

provocation n An action or statement that deliberately sự khiȃu khích
annoys or angers someone

provocative(ly)⭐ adj, adv In a manner that is intended to provoke or khiȃu khích, kích động
stimulate a strong response.

SIGNIFY
(in)significance n - Significance: The quality of tầm quan trọng/vô nghĩa
being important or worthy of
attention; the meaning or
implication of something.
- Insignificance: The state of
being unimportant or trivial; lack
of importance or influence.

(in)significant(ly) adj, adv - Significant: Important or quan trọng/không đáng kể

noteworthy; having meaning or
influence.
- Insignificant: Not important or
worthy of attention; trivial or minor.

2
7
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

UNIT 22: QUALITY & THE ARTS

TOPIC VOCABULARY:
Vocab Cateąory Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. aąąravate, exacerbate
aggravate v to make a problem, làm trầm trọng thȃm His constant complaining

Chuyên Anh's little cor

injury, or offense worse only served to aggravate
or more severe the situation.

exacerbate v to increase the severity, làm nghiȃm trọng The lack of funding
bitterness, or violence hơn, làm tồi tệ thȃm exacerbated the already
of a situation; to worsen dire conditions in the
hospital.
2. better, enhance, streamline
better v to improve something; to cải thiện She worked hard to better
make it of higher quality her understanding of the
or more effective subject

enhance v to increase or improve nȗng cao, cải thiện The new features were
the quality, value, or designed to enhance
extent of something the user experience.

3. refurbish, reinforce, renovate

refurbish v to renovate or redecorate tȗn trạng, cải tạo They decided to refurbish
something, typically a (sửa chút ít) the old hotel to attract more
building or a room, to guests.
improve its condition or
appearance

reinforce v to make a building, củng cố, tǔng cường Crews started work today to
structure or object reinforce the seriously
stronger damaged bridge.

renovate v to restore to a good state cải tạo, làm mới lại The family plans to renovate
of repair; to renew or their home to make it more
update something, modern and comfortable.
especially a building

4. blemish, defect, flaw

blemish n a small mark or flaw that vết nhơ, khuyết điểm The photograph was perfect
spoils the appearance of except for a small blemish
something on the surface.

(birth) defect n a shortcoming, khuyết điểm, lỗi The child was born with a
imperfection, or lack in rare birth defect that
something affected the development of
his heart, requiring

2
7
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

immediate medical
intervention.

flaw n a fault or weakness in a thiếu sót, sai lầm Despite the flaws in the
person’s character, design, the product was a
something that is not commercial success.
perfect

5. chaos, shambles, rumpus, fracas

Chuyên Anh's little cor

chaos n complete disorder and sự hỗn loạn The power outage
confusion caused chaos in the city
as traffic lights stopped
working.

shambles n a state of total disorder; a tình trạng hỗn loạn, After the party, the house
situation of confusion or rối ren was in shambles with trash
mess everywhere.

rumpus n a noisy commotion sự ồn ào, náo động The announcement of the

or uproar new rules caused a rumpus
among the students.

fracas n a noisy disturbance or cuộc cãi lộn, ẩu đả The fracas in the street
quarrel woke up the entire
neighborhood.

6. contaminate, decay, decline, devastate, worsen, wreck

contaminate v to make something làm ô nhiễm, nhiễm The water supply was
impure or harmful by bẩn contaminated by industrial
exposure to or addition of waste.
a poisonous or polluting
substance

decay v to rot or decompose mục nát, thối rữa The abandoned house
through the action of began to decay, with paint
bacteria and fungi; to peeling off the walls.
deteriorate over time

decline v to decrease in quality, giảm sút, suy tàn The company's profits
quantity, or importance have been in decline for
several years.

devastate v to cause great destruction tàn phá, phá hủy The hurricane devastated
or damage to something the coastal town, leaving
thousands homeless.

worsen v to make or become worse làm xấu đi, làm tồi tệ His condition worsened
hơn after he refused to take the
prescribed medication.

wreck v, n to destroy or severely phá hủy, hủy hoại The car was completely
damage something wrecked after the
accident.
2
8
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

7. exquisite, first-rate
exquisite adj extremely beautiful and tinh tế, tuyệt đẹp The artist's work is known
delicate; of the highest for its exquisite detail.
quality

first rate adj of the best quality; đứng đầu, chất lượng The hotel is known for its
excellent cao first-rate service and
luxurious amenities.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

8. defective, shoddy
defective adj having a flaw or bị lỗi The defective product was
imperfection; not working quickly returned to the
properly manufacturer.

shoody adj poorly made or done; of kém chất lượng, tồi tệ The shoddy construction
inferior quality work led to numerous
problems in the building.

9. rotten, rusty, stale

rotten adj decayed or spoiled, mục nát, thối The fruit was left out too
typically referring to food; rữa (trong tình long and became rotten.
corrupt or bad trạng phȗn hủy)

rusty adj covered with or affected gỉ sét The old bicycle was rusty
by rust; impaired by from years of being left in
lack of recent practice the rain.
or use

stale adj no longer fresh; having ôi thiu, không The bread was left out for
lost its original taste, còn tươi too long and had become
texture, or quality due to stale and hard.
age

10. outclass, surpass

outclass v to be far superior to vượt trội hơn hẳn The home team
someone or outclassed their opponents
something in every aspect of the
game.

surpass v to exceed or go vượt qua, vượt trội Her latest novel surpasses
beyond; to be better or all her previous works.
greater than something

11. ideal, optimum, prime, ultimate

ideal adj perfect or most suitable; lý tưởng She was searching for
representing the best the ideal location to open
possible version of her new café.
something

2
8
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

optimum adj most favorable or tối ưu, tốt nhất The car's engine was tuned
desirable; best possible to perform at its optimum
under the circumstances level.

prime adj of the best possible hàng đầu, tốt nhất This is a prime example of
quality; excellent or most modern architecture.
important

ultimate adj being the best or most tối thượng, cuối cùng The ultimate goal of the

Chuyên Anh's little cor

extreme example of project is to improve public
something; the final or health.
most significant

12. audition, recital, retrospective

audition n a trial performance to buổi thử giọng, She was nervous before
evaluate a performer's buổi thử vai her audition for the lead
skills or suitability for a role in the play.
role

recital n a performance of buổi biểu diễn (ca The pianist gave a stunning
music or dance, nhạc hoặc múa) recital that captivated the
typically by a soloist audience.

retrospective n an exhibition or buổi triển lãm để The museum hosted a

compilation showing the hồi tưởng lại quãng retrospective of the painter's
development of an thời gian nào đó work, showcasing pieces
artist's work over a period from his entire career.
of time

13. lyrics, lines, score

lyrics n the words of a song lời bài hát The lyrics of the song were
both poetic and meaningful.

lines n the words spoken by a lời thoại The actor practiced his
character in a play, film, lines before the rehearsal.
or other performance

score n the music composed for nhạc phim, nhạc kịch The movie's score was
a film, play, or other composed by a
performance famous musician.

14. paperback, bestseller

paperback n a book with a flexible sách bìa mềm I prefer reading paperbacks
paper cover, as because they are lighter and
opposed to a hard cover more portable than
hardcovers.

bestseller n a book or other sách bán chạy nhất The novel quickly became
publication that has sold a bestseller, topping the
charts for months.

2
8
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

in large numbers and is

very popular

15. fine art, installation, masterpiece, sketch, work of art

fine art n visual arts that are mỹ thuật, nghệ thuật The museum is renowned
created primarily for their cao quý for its collection of fine art
aesthetic value and from the Renaissance
intellectual stimulation, period.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

such as painting,
sculpture, and drawing

installation n a form of art that involves tác phẩm nghệ thuật The artist's latest
creating a specific sắp đặt installation features
environment or setting for interactive elements that
the viewer to experience, invite visitors to engage
often including various with the work.
media

masterpiece n a work of outstanding kiệt tác Leonardo da Vinci’s "Mona

artistry, skill, or Lisa" is considered a
workmanship; the best masterpiece of Renaissance
work of an artist art.

sketch n, v a rough or unfinished bản phác thảo, The artist's sketch of the
drawing or painting, often phác họa landscape captured the
used as a preliminary essence of the scene
study for a more detailed before he started the final
work painting.

work of art n a creation that is tác phẩm nghệ thuật The sculpture was hailed as
considered to have a remarkable work of art,
aesthetic value or artistic showcasing exceptional
merit, such as a painting, craftsmanship.
sculpture, or other artistic
creation

16. priceless, worthless

invaluable adj extremely useful or vô giá, cực kỳ quý giá Her advice was invaluable
indispensable; too in helping me make the
valuable to be measured right decision.
in monetary terms

priceless adj having such great vô giá The ancient artifact was
value that it cannot be considered priceless due to
measured or its historical significance.
quantified; extremely
valuable

worthless adj having no value; of little không có giá trị The old coins were deemed
or no use or importance worthless by collectors
because they were not rare
or historically significant.

2
8
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

17. Other words

cheapen v to make something làm giảm giá trị, làm The mass production of the
seem less valuable or of rẻ item cheapened its
lower quality; to reduce exclusivity.
the perceived value

detrimental adj causing harm or damage; có hại, gȗy tổn hại The excessive use of plastic
(to) harmful is detrimental to the

Chuyên Anh's little cor

environment.

evaluate v to assess or determine đánh giá The expert was called in to

the value, quality, or evaluate the authenticity of
significance of the artwork.
something

inadequate adj not sufficient or không đủ, thiếu thốn The report was deemed
satisfactory; lacking the inadequate due to its lack of
necessary quality or detailed analysis.
quantity

redeeming n phr a positive quality or điểm tích cực, điểm Despite the film's poor
feature aspect of something that mạnh (trong số mấy script, its stunning visuals
compensates for its điểm xấu) were a redeeming
negative aspects feature.

satisfactory adj meeting the expectations đáng hài lòng, thỏa The project received a
or requirements; đáng satisfactory review from the
acceptable but not client.
outstanding

sound adj in good condition; reliable vững chắc, đáng tin The financial report was
or well-founded cậy sound and showed a
positive growth trend.

abstract adj, n relating to ideas or trừu tượng The artist's abstract

concepts rather painting featured bold
than physical colors and shapes that
objects; not easily represented emotions
understood or rather than concrete
grasped objects.

auction n a public sale in which buổi đấu giá The painting was sold at
goods or properties are auction for a record
sold to the highest bidder price.

collector’s n an object valued for its vật phẩm sưu tập The limited-edition comic
item rarity, historical book became a prized
significance, or collector’s item.
desirability among
collectors

2
8
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

period n a specific historical era or thời kỳ, giai đoạn The furniture in the museum
time frame during which is from the Victorian period.
certain styles, trends, or

2
8
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

characteristics were
prominent

PHRASAL VERBS:

Phrasal verb Meaniną Nąhĩa

Chuyên Anh's little cor

brighten up - start to have more color or light - trở nȃn sáng hơn, nhiều màu
sắc hơn
- give sth more color or light - làm thứ gì đó sáng lȃn
- start looking or feeling happier - trở nȃn vui tươi, vui vẻ
- if the weather brightens up, it - thời tiết đẹp hơn
becomes sunnier

brush up (on) practice and improve your skills or luyện tập và cải thiện kĩ nǔng hay kiến
knowledge of sth thức về lĩnh vực gì đó

check out - examine sb or sth in order to be - kiểm tra ai hay thứ gì để đảm
certain that everything is bảo chắc chắn mọi thứ
correct, true or satisfactory
- if information checks out, you - kiểm tra thông tin
feel that it is true after
examining it

liven up - make sth more interesting - làm thứ gì đó trở nȃn có sức
or exciting, or become more sống hơn
interesting or exciting
- give sth a more - tȗn trang lại, làm thứ gì đó tốt
interesting appearance, hơn, có hồn hơn
taste or other quality

make over - change or improve - thay đổi hoặc cải thiện vẻ ngoài
makeover(n) the appearance of sb của ai hoặc cái gì
or sth

mess up - make a mistake or do sth badly - gȗy nȃn lỗi lầm hoặc làm gì
đó không đúng
- make sth dirty or untidy - làm mọi thứ trở nȃn hỗn độn
- be the cause of sb’s physical, - gȗy ra vấn vấn đề về tinh thần
emotional or mental problems hoặc thể chất cho ai đó

paper over hide a problem or disagreement trốn tránh vấn đề thay vì đối diện nó
rather than finding a satisfactory
solution to it

patch up - repair sth, often quickly and - sửa chữa thứ gì đó cách
not very well nhanh chóng
- become friends with sb - làm bạn trở lại sau khi cãi nhau,
again after a disagreement cứu vãn mối quan hệ với ai

2
8
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

- give basic medical treatment - sơ cứu cho ai đó

to sb who is injured improve

pick up improve cải thiện

run down if an organization or area is run trở nȃn xuống cấp (tổ chức, khu vực,..)
run-down(adj) down, its size, importance and
activity is reduced

uyên Anh's little

scrape through succeed in doing sth, but not in a trót lọt làm gì đó
very impressive way

smarten up - improve the appearance of sth, - cải thiện vẻ ngoài của thứ gì
for example by cleaning painting bằng cách dọn dẹp hoặc sơn lại

corner
it
- if you smarten up or smarten - làm bạn trở nȃn đẹp, gọn gàng hơn
yourself up, you make
yourself look tidy and clean

stand out - be much more impressive - trở nȃn quan trọng hơn những
outstanding(adj) or important than others người khác
- be easy to see or notice - nổi bật, dễ thấy bởi vì khác biệt
because of being different

touch up make a surface look better with small trang trí, tȗn trang lại bề mặt của thứ gì
improvements

waste away gradually become thinner and gầy, ốm yếu, xanh xao đi
weaker over a period of time, usually
because of an illness

write off - damage a vehicle so badly that - gȗy thiệt hại cho phương tiện
write-off(n) it is not worth repairing đến mức không đáng để sửa
- decide that sb or sth will not - bỏ mặc ai, mặc kệ ai vì biết họ
succeed and stop giving sẽ không thành công
them your attention and
energy

IDIOMS:

Ch Idiom
a sight for sore eyes
Meaniną
a person or thing that one is
extremely pleased and delighted
Nąhĩa
một người hoặc khung cảnh tuyệt
đẹp
to see

achilles’ heel your weakness or vulnerable điểm yếu, khuyết điểm

point

add fuel to the fire escalate / worsen a situation gȗy cǔng thẳng hơn một sự việc
nào đó/ tạo ra sự kích động để
một sự xung đột nào đó xảy ra

2
8
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

below/under par ill/ worse than the usual or bị bệnh/ dưới tiȃu chuẩn
expected standard trung bình được mong đợi

clean as a whistle extremely clean or clear/ if a chỉ một hiện trường “sạch sẽ”,
place is clean as a whistle, it không có bất cứ chứng cứ phạm
has no incriminating evidence tội nào
when the police come in.

draw the line (at) set a limit on what one is đặt ra giới hạn khi ai đó đang

n Anh's little corne

willing to do or accept, beyond làm gì
which one will not go.

last word in sth the best or most modern example là thứ tốt nhất và hiện đại nhất
of sth của một mảng/điều gì đó

out of this world extremely good cực kì tốt

over the top too extreme and not suitable, or không phù hợp, đòi hỏi quá
demanding too much attention or nhiều sự chú ý hoặc công sức
effort, especially in an
uncontrolled way

have/take pride of place to have the most important có vị trí và tầm ảnh hưởng quan
position in a group or an trọng nhất trong một nhóm hoặc
organization. tổ chức

steal the show/scene to be the most remarkable or trở thành thứ nổi bật nhất trong
popular in an event or situation một vụ việc hoặc sự kiện

have the edge over/on sb/sth to be slightly better than sb or sth tốt hơn một chút so với thứ gì/
else. ai đó

PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

ê
Chuy Idioms Meaniną
ART
Nąhĩa

have/get sth down to a fine art To become exceptionally skilled or trở nȃn xuất sắc, thượng thừa
proficient in doing something trong một công việc, khuôn khổ
through practice and mastery. nào đó

art of doing The skill or technique required to nghệ thuật/ kĩ nǔng của việc
perform a particular task or activity
effectively.

art to doing A variant phrase that emphasizes kĩ thuật, nghệ thuật cần cho việc
the skill or proficiency required for
a specific activity.

2
8
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

art deco A style of visual arts, architecture, một trường phái nghệ thuật
and design characterized by mang đầy tính chiết trung
geometric shapes, bold colors, and
ornate detailing, popular in the early
20th century.

art form A category or medium of artistic dạng nghệ thuật

expression, such as painting,
sculpture, literature, music, dance, or

Chuyên Anh's little cor

theater.

art gallery A place or establishment where bảo tàng, kho tàng nghệ thuật,
works of art, such as paintings and tranh ảnh,..
sculptures, are displayed for public
viewing or sale.

art house A cinema or theater that typically một khán phòng chiếu, lưu giữ
screens independent, foreign, or các tác phẩm nghệ thuật
avant-garde films and productions.

BAD
go bad To deteriorate or spoil, often trở nȃn ôi thiu, hư hỏng đi, mất
referring to food or perishable giá trị
items becoming unfit for
consumption.

go from bad to worse To worsen progressively or càng ngày càng tệ

deteriorate further over time.

feel bad (about) To experience negative emotions or cảm giác buồn lòng về
guilt in relation to a particular
situation, action, or event.

bad for Harmful or detrimental to someone's có hại cho

health or well-being.

bad at (doing) Lacking skill or proficiency in a tồi tệ ở việc gì đó

particular activity or task.

in a bad way In poor condition or health, often o tình trạng sức khỏe kém
used to describe someone who is
unwell or struggling.

(in) bad faith Acting dishonestly or with hành xử với ý định xấu xa,
deceitful intent, often in a manner ngược lại với đức tin
contrary to trust or good faith.

bad apple A person who behaves poorly or sử dụng chỉ một người hành xử
disruptively within a group, tồi tệ, khó chịu trong một tập thể
organization, or community.

bad blood Ongoing hostility or ill feelings cảm giác bệnh, không khỏe
between individuals or groups.

2
8
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

BEST
make the best of To make the most of a challenging đối diện với một thử thách một
or difficult situation, often by trying cách hiệu quả nhất
to find the positive aspects.

do your best To make the greatest possible effort cố gắng nhất có thể
or attempt to achieve a goal or
perform a task.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

(all) for the best A belief that a particular outcome or ( tất cả) vì những gì tốt nhất (sau
decision, although not immediately này)
apparent, is ultimately the most
favorable or advantageous.

at best In the best-case scenario or o điều kiện tốt nhất

under the most favorable
conditions.

at your best Performing at your highest level of o trạng thái tốt nhất/ hiệu suất
capability or proficiency. nhất

to the best of my knowledge To the fullest extent of one's own o mức hiểu biết cao nhất của
understanding or awareness. một ai đó

to the best of sb’s ability To the maximum extent of o khả nǔng tốt nhất của một
someone's skills or capabilities. người

the best of both worlds An ideal situation in which one can vẹn cả đôi đường
enjoy the advantages of two
different or opposing options
simultaneously.

best friend One's closest and most trusted bạn thȗn nhất
friend.

BETTER
get better To recover or improve one's health hồi phục
or condition.

get the better of To overcome or outsmart someone trở nȃn vượt trội, thông minh
or something. hơn ai đó

had better Used to suggest that it is advisable tốt nhất nȃn + làm việc gì đó
or necessary to do something.

(all) the better for Improved or benefiting from a có lợi cho một sự kiện hoặc trải
particular experience or nghiệm
circumstance.

better than nothing A phrase used to express có còn hơn không

satisfaction with a less-than-ideal
situation when no better alternatives
are available.

2
8
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

better luck next time An expression of encouragement or sử dụng để chúc may mắn
consolation when someone has lần sau
faced disappointment or failure.

better off In a more advantageous or o một vị trí có lợi thế, cao cả

improved condition or situation. hơn ( sử dụng phần lớn trong
kinh doanh, tài chính)

better yet An expression used to suggest tốt hơn nữa ( thường nằm ở đầu

Chuyên Anh's little cor

an even more favorable or cȗu)
preferable option.

for the better (for worse) Regardless of the circumstances, có lợi/ có hại ( cuối cȗu)
whether they are positive or
negative.

better half Affectionate slang for one's spouse (từ lóng) chỉ vợ hoặc
or romantic partner.

BOTTOM
come bottom To finish at the lowest position or về chót, về cuối cùng
rank in a competition or ranking.

get to the bottom of To investigate or discover the tìm hiểu cặn kẽ một sự việc nào
underlying cause or truth about a đó
situation or problem.

the bottom drops/falls out of A sudden and severe collapse or sử dụng để nói về sự sụp đổ bất
failure of something, often used ngờ của một thứ
metaphorically.

at the bottom (of) In the lowest part or position of o dưới đáy, tận sȗu của một sự
something. việc, một thứ

from the bottom of my heart A sincere expression of deep tận sȗu trong trái tim ( ám chỉ
and heartfelt feelings, gratitude, cảm xúc)
or emotion.

bottom line The fundamental or most important khía cạnh khởi nguồn, cơ bản
aspect or result of a situation or nhất của một quyết định/ điểm
decision. cốt yếu

CLEAN
give sth a (good) clean To thoroughly clean and remove dirt, làm sạch một thứ gì đó
dust, or impurities from something.

make a clean break To decisively and completely end a chấm dứt một mối quan hệ, thói
relationship, habit, or situation. quen,.. một cách quả quyết

make a clean breast of To confess or admit trải lòng, thừa nhận một cách
something openly and thẳng thắn
honestly.

2
9
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

clean and tidy Neat, organized, and free of clutter sạch sẽ, ngǔn nắp
or mess.

a clean bill of health A report or assurance that một báo cáo sức khỏe đang ở
someone is in good health or that tình trạng ổn định
something is in good condition.

a clean slate/sheet A fresh start or opportunity without khởi đầu/ cơ hội hoàn toàn mới
any past mistakes or burdens. mẻ

Chuyên Anh's little cor

clean sweep A comprehensive victory or success chiến thắng/ thành công càng
in which everything is won or quét ( không có bất cứ thất bại/
accomplished without any losses or trận thua nào )
failures.

CLEAR
make/get sth clear To ensure that something is easily hiểu rõ một thứ
understood or well-defined.

make yourself clear To express yourself in a way that is diễn giải (ý kiến ) bản thȗn một
easily understood by others. cách rõ ràng

(have) a clear conscience To feel free of guilt or moral cảm giác không bị trói buộc
wrongdoing regarding one's actions bởi trách nhiệm và lỗi lầm, việc
or decisions. làm sai trái

clear in your mind (about) Having a definite and well-formed cảm giác thông hiểu rõ ràng về
understanding or opinion about
something.

clear as a bell Extremely clear and easy to rất dễ hiểu/ nhận thấy ( ȗm
understand, often used to describe thanh hoặc bài nói)
sound or speech.

clear as mud Completely unclear or confusing, không rõ ràng/ quá khó hiểu
often used to describe
something that is difficult to
comprehend.

clear case (of) A situation or example that is một trường hợp (với tình tiết) rõ
undeniably and obviously what it ràng về
appears to be.

clear evidence/indication Conclusive proof or signs that bằng chứng, dấu hiệu rõ ràng
strongly support a particular
conclusion or assertion.

DIRTY
do the dirty on To betray or deceive someone, lừa dối, phản bội ai đó
often by engaging in dishonest or
harmful actions against them.

2
9
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

do sb’s dirty work To carry out unpleasant or unethical làm việc sai trái cho một ai khác
tasks on behalf of someone else.

get your hands dirty To actively participate in or become làm những công việc nặng nhọc
involved in a task that may be
physically or morally challenging.

give sb a dirty look To glare or scowl at someone lườm một ai

disapprovingly or with hostility.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

dirty word A term or expression that is những lời nói thô tục
considered offensive, vulgar, or
inappropriate in polite conversation.

dirty tricks Deceptive or underhanded những trò lừa gạt

tactics used to achieve a goal,
often in politics or competition.

FINE
cut it fine To leave very little margin for error hoàn thành với gần như không
or arrive just in time to meet a một sai sót hoặc đến vừa đúng
deadline or requirement. lúc cần thiết (deadline hoặc
cuộc họp)

fine by sb Indicates that someone is đồng ý, đồng lòng bởi ai đó

in agreement or approval of
a particular action or
decision.

fine details/points Specific and often subtle aspects or chi tiết, điểm rất tinh xảo, nhỏ bé
elements that require careful
attention or consideration.

fine line between A narrow distinction or separation sử dụng để nói rằng hai thứ gì
between two things, often with đó rất giống nhau và có một sự
similar characteristics or outcomes. khác biệt giữa chúng

with a fine-tooth(ed) comb To examine or investigate kiểm tra, điều tra rất sȗu, có
something very thoroughly and chi chi tiết
meticulously.

fine print The small, often less noticeable text một đoạn nhỏ được in nhỏ hơn
in a document, contract, or các đoạn khác ( thường chứa
agreement that contains important những điều khoản quan trọng)
details or conditions.

FRESH

fresh from Recently arrived or obtained from a vừa lấy, nhận được từ
particular source or experience.

fresh out of Completely lacking or depleted of vừa hết hàng hoặc vừa hoàn
something, often used humorously. thành việc gì đó

2
9
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

fresh-faced Having a youthful and healthy một diện mạo trẻ trung và khỏe
appearance, often with smooth and mạnh
unblemished skin.

freshwater Water that is not saline or salty, nước tinh khiết, sạch
typically found in lakes, rivers, and
ponds.

fresh start A new beginning or opportunity to một khởi đầu mới ( sau

Chuyên Anh's little cor

start over, often after a difficult or những thời điểm khó khǔn)
challenging period.

fresh air Clean and unpolluted air, often không khí trong lành
associated with outdoor
environments.

NEW
new to Inexperienced or unfamiliar with a mới mẻ về, không có kinh
particular situation or activity. nghiệm về

brand new Completely new and unused, often hoàn toàn mới
referring to products or items that
have never been used before.

whole new Signifying a significant and sử dụng để chỉ sự thay đổi lớn
complete change or shift to tạo ra một thứ mới mẻ
something entirely different.

good as new In a condition that is virtually o tình trạng như mới

identical to when it was originally
new or undamaged.

new-look Referring to something that has diện mạo mới

been redesigned or changed to
have a different appearance or
style.

new age A term often associated with thời kì mới

spiritual or cultural movements that
emphasize personal growth,
alternative therapies, and holistic
well-being.

NICE

nice of sb (to do) Expressing appreciation for sử dụng bày tỏ sự trȗn trọng cho
someone's kindness or considerate một người trong việc
action.

nice for sb (to do) Indicating that an action is tốt cho ai đó khi họ
considerate or thoughtful on
someone's part.

2
9
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

nice to sb Friendly, pleasant, or kind in one's thȗn thiện, dễ gần với một người
interactions with someone.

nice to meet/see sb A polite and friendly greeting upon rất vui khi gặp bạn
meeting someone for the first time
or reuniting.

nice and Describing a comfortable and sử dụng để chỉ một vật, thứ
warm/comfortable/clean pleasant condition or state. thoải mái và ở điều kiện tốt

Chuyên Anh's little cor

nice as pie Exceptionally pleasant, friendly, or rất thȗn thiện, dễ gần ( cách
agreeable in behavior or demeanor. hành xử, thái độ,..)

nice one An expression of approval or bày tỏ sự ngưỡng mộ hoặc đồng

appreciation for someone's action tình cho một hành động, thành
or achievement. công của ai đó

OLD
get/grow old To age or become older over time. trở nȃn già đi, cũ đi

poor old Expressing sympathy or pity for sử dụng nhằm bày tỏ sự

someone, often used humorously. tiếc thương cho ai đó (
thường để chȗm chọc, mua
vui)

old age The period of life that comes after tuổi già ( sau nghỉ hưu, lớn tuổi)
middle age, characterized by
advanced age and often
retirement.

old flame A former romantic partner or love người tình cũ

interest from the past.

old folk(s) A colloquial term referring to elderly (sử dụng thường ngày, không
individuals. ở trong vǔn bản) những người
già

old hand Someone with a lot of experience or tuổi nghề cao, nhiều kĩ nǔng,
expertise in a particular field or kinh nghiệm
activity.

old hat Something that is no longer new or một thứ gì đó mất đi sự cải tiến
innovative, often considered và mới mẻ, hết thời
outdated.

old people's home An institution or facility where viện dưỡng lão

elderly individuals receive care
and accommodation.

the Old Testament The first part of the Christian Bible, phần đầu của Kinh Thánh
containing religious texts and
teachings from the Hebrew Bible.

QUALITY

2
9
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

high/good/top quality Indicating excellence or o tình trạng chất lượng cao/ tốt
superiority in terms of
performance, craftsmanship, or
value.

poor/bad/low quality Signifying subpar or inferior o tình trạng chất lượng kém
performance, craftsmanship, or
value.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

personal qualities The characteristics, traits, or phẩm chất cá nhȗn
attributes that define an individual's
personality and behavior.

leadership qualities The specific attributes and phẩm chất lãnh đạo
characteristics that make someone
effective in a leadership role.

quality control The process of ensuring that kiểm định chất lượng
products or services meet
established quality standards and
specifications.

quality of life The overall well-being and standard chất lượng cuộc sống
of living enjoyed by an individual or
a community.

quality time Time spent in meaningful and khoảng thời gian được tận dụng
fulfilling activities or interactions, một cách triệt để qua các hoạt
often with loved ones. động có ích, chất lượng

STYLE
style sth/yourself as To present or arrange something or tạo nȃn phong cách của
someone in a particular manner or riȃng mình như
fashion, often reflecting a chosen
aesthetic or image.

style of A particular manner or distinctive phong cách của/về

way of doing or presenting
something, often reflecting a
characteristic design or artistic
approach.

in style Fashionable or trendy; conforming to phong cách

the current popular or fashionable
trends.

out of style No longer fashionable or trendy; not hết thời, không còn nổi
conforming to current popular
trends.

with style In a manner that reflects elegance, với hành xử toát lȃn sự nhẹ
flair, or distinctive character. nhàng, tinh tế, khác biệt

2
9
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

TOP
come out on top To emerge as the winner or victor trở thành người chiến thắng sau
in a competition, contest, or cùng
situation.

sth gets on top of you To become overwhelmed or bị choáng ngợp bởi một thứ gì đó
stressed due to a challenging
situation or problem.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

at the top of Being in a position of authority, o trȃn đỉnh ( địa vị, khả nǔng)
prominence, or superiority within a của một thứ gì đó
hierarchy or ranking.

on top (of) In a position that is physically above trȃn đỉnh một thứ gì đó (núi, đồi,
something else; in control or ahead tòa nhà,..)
of something.

off the top of your head To provide information or answers từ trong đầu có sẵn, không cần
without prior thought or preparation; suy nghĩ và chuẩn bị trước
spontaneously.

on top of the world Feeling extremely happy, successful, cảm giác rất hạnh phúc, vui vẻ
or content.

top prize The highest or most valuable award giải thưởng cao nhất trong một
or recognition in a competition or cuộc thi
contest.

top priority The most important and urgent task ưu tiȃn hàng đầu
or objective that requires
immediate attention.

top secret Information or knowledge that is bí mật tối cao

highly classified and restricted from
public disclosure due to its sensitive
nature.

WORSE
get worse To deteriorate or decline in quality, trở nȃn tồi tệ hơn
condition, or health.

make matters/things worse To exacerbate or worsen a làm (mọi thứ)/ một việc gì đó trở
situation or problem through one's nȃn tệ hại hơn
actions or decisions.

(take a turn) for the worse To undergo a negative change trải qua một thay đổi, phát triển
or development in a situation, tiȃu cực
often implying deterioration.

worse for wear In a poor or damaged condition, o tình trạng hư hỏng ( do thời
often as a result of wear and tiết hoặc sử dụng nhiều)
tear.

2
9
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

WORST

2
9
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

do your worst (To challenge or provoke làm tệ nhất/ gȗy ra nhiều tổn
someone to) act as badly or thất nhất có thể
aggressively as they can.

fear the worst To anticipate or have a pessimistic sợ rằng điều tồi tệ nhất sẽ xảy ra
expectation that a negative outcome
or disaster will occur.

be your own worst enemy To behave or act in a self- hành xử như đang phá hoại bản

's little
destructive or self-sabotaging thȗn, cản trở sự phát triển của
manner, hindering one's own cá nhȗn đó
success or
well-being.

corner
if (the) worst comes to (the) In the most extreme or unfavorable o tình trạng không thể tồi tệ hơn
worse circumstances; as a last resort. được nữa

at worst In the worst-case scenario or under o tình trạng, trường hợp xấu nhất
the most unfavorable conditions.

the worst of all/both worlds A situation or condition that nhận lấy tất cả những gì tồi tệ
combines the disadvantages or nhất từ hai phía
negative aspects of two or more
things, resulting in an
undesirable outcome.

WORD FORMATION:

h
Chuyên An
Word Cate Meaniną
ADEQUATE
Nąhĩa

(in)adequacy n - Adequacy: The state of being - sự đầy đủ, sự

sufficient or satisfactory in quality or tương xứng
quantity; the condition of meeting - sự thiếu thốn,
minimum requirements. sự không đủ
- Inadequacy: The state of being
insufficient or not meeting
standards; a shortfall or deficiency in
quality or quantity.

inadequate adj Lacking the quality or quantity required; không đủ, không tương
insufficient for a purpose. xứng

(in)adequately adv - Adequately: In a manner that - một cách đầy

is sufficient or satisfactory; to a đủ, thoả đáng
reasonable extent. - một cách không
- Inadequately: In a manner that is đầy đủ, không
insufficient or unsatisfactory; failing thoả đáng
to meet a standard.

ADMIRE

2
9
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

admiration n A feeling of respect and approval sự ngưỡng mộ

admirer n A person who respects or esteems someone, người ngưỡng mộ

often romantically or appreciatively

admirable adj Deserving respect and approval đáng ngưỡng mộ

admiring(ly) adj, adv Expressing admiration or approval tỏ vẻ ngưỡng mộ, khen ngợi

Chuyên Anh's little cor

ART
arts n Various branches of creative activity, such as nghệ thuật
painting, music, literature, and dance

artfulness n The quality of being skillful or clever, often in sự khéo léo, sự tinh ranh
a crafty or cunning way

artificiality n A sense of being unnatural or contrived. sự giả tạo

artist n A person who creates art, such as paintings, nghệ sĩ

sculptures, music, or performances

artiste n A professional performer, especially in diễn viȃn, nghệ sĩ chuyȃn

dance, music, or theater nghiệp (nhất là trong múa,
nhạc)

artistry n Creative skill or ability; the talent or nghệ thuật, tài nghệ
craftsmanship of an artist, particularly in
producing something of high quality.

artlessness n The quality of being simple, natural, or sự đơn giản, tự nhiȃn

unsophisticated

artwork n The visual elements of a creative work, such tác phẩm nghệ thuật
as a painting, drawing, or illustration

artifact/artefact⭐ n An object made by a human being, typically cổ vật, hiện vật

of historical or cultural interest

artifice n Clever or cunning devices or expedients, mưu kế, mưu mẹo

especially used to deceive others

arty adj Pretentiously or overly concerned with giả tạo, làm bộ nghệ thuật
artistic style or effect

artistic(ally) adj, adv Relating to or characteristic of art or artists; thuộc về nghệ thuật; có
showing skill and imagination in creating nǔng khiếu nghệ thuật
something.

artful(ly) adj, adv Skillful in achieving a goal, often in a crafty or khéo léo, tinh vi
cunning way

2
9
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

artless(ly) adj, adv Without deceit, cunning, or pretension; ngȗy thơ, chȗn thật
natural, simple, and honest.

AWE
awfulness n The quality of being extremely bad or sự kinh khủng
unpleasant

awesomeness n The quality of being extremely impressive, sự tuyệt vời, gȗy kinh ngạc

Chuyên Anh's little cor

inspiring admiration, or wonder

awestruck⭐ adj Filled with awe or wonder kinh ngạc, choáng ngợp

awful(ly) adj, adv Extremely bad or unpleasant; causing dread, kinh khủng, khủng khiếp
fear, or deep respect.

awesome(ly) adj, adv Extremely impressive, inspiring admiration or tuyệt vời, đáng ngưỡng mộ
wonder; causing a sense of awe.

CLASS
outclass v To be far superior to someone or something vượt trội hơn
in terms of ability, quality, or performance

(de)classify⭐ - Classify: To arrange or organize phȗn loại/loại ra khỏi bí mật,

into categories based on shared công khai bí mật
qualities or characteristics; to
designate something as confidential
or secret.
- Declassify: To officially declare that
classified information is no longer
confidential or secret; to remove
from a restricted category.

classics n Works of literature, art, music, or other tác phẩm kinh điển
cultural achievements that are widely
recognized as being of high quality and
enduring value

classifieds⭐ n A section in newspapers or online platforms quảng cáo phȗn

where small advertisements are placed, loại (thường trȃn
typically for jobs, housing, or sales of goods. báo)

classification n The process of organizing or categorizing sự phȗn loại

things based on their shared qualities or
characteristics

classlessness n The absence of a class system or social không có giai cấp

hierarchy

classic adj A work of art, literature, or other cultural kinh điển, cổ điển
achievement that is recognized as being of
the highest quality and enduring significance

classy adj Stylish, elegant, and sophisticated sang trọng, quý phái

2
9
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

classless adj Lacking social distinctions or divisions không có giai cấp, không
based on class phȗn biệt giai cấp

(de)classified adj - Classified: Officially designated as (không) được phȗn loại

confidential or secret; restricted
from general access.
- Declassified: Information that
has been officially declared no
longer confidential or secret.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

classical(ly) adj Relating to ancient Greek or Roman culture,
or to traditional forms of art, music, and
literature

COLLECT
cổ điển

collector n A person who gathers or accumulates items người sưu tập

of a particular type, often as a hobby

collection n A group of items gathered together, often of bộ sưu tập

a particular type or for a specific purpose

collectable adj An item that is considered valuable or đáng sưu tầm

desirable to collect, often because of its
rarity or uniqueness.

collected adj Calm and composed điềm tĩnh, bình thản

collective(ly)⭐ adj, adv Done by or characteristic of a group of tập thể, chung

individuals acting together; shared or
common.

DESTROY
destroyer n A person or thing that causes destruction người phá hủy

destruction n The act or process of causing sự phá hủy

significant damage or annihilation

indestructible⭐ adj Incapable of being destroyed or damaged; không thể phá hủy
extremely durable or resilient.

destructive(ly) adj, adv Causing great damage or harm; tending to phá hoại, tàn phá
destroy or ruin.

GOOD
goods n Items that are produced and sold, typically hàng hoá
tangible products such as merchandise or
commodities.

goodness n The quality of being morally good or virtuous; sự tốt lành, lòng tốt
also used to express admiration, approval, or
surprise.

3
0
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

goodwill n The friendly or cooperative feelings and thiện chí

attitude toward others

goody/goodies n A small, desirable item, especially one given món quà nhỏ
as a reward or treat

betterment⭐ n Improvement sự cải thiện

IDEAL

Chuyên Anh's little cor

idealize v To regard or represent something as perfect lý tưởng hóa
or better than it actually is

idealism n The belief in or pursuit of noble principles, chủ nghĩa lý tưởng

often with an emphasis on what ought to be
rather than what is

idealisation n The process of making something sự lý tưởng hoá

seem perfect or better than it really is

idealist n A person who cherishes or pursues high or người theo chủ nghĩa lý
noble principles, often in a way that is tưởng
impractical or unrealistic

idealistic adj Having or pursuing high ideals, often with theo chủ nghĩa lý tưởng
a focus on what ought to be rather than
what is

idealized adj Regarded or represented as perfect or better được lý tưởng hóa

than reality

ideally adv In a perfect or ideal situation; in the best một cách lý tưởng
possible way.

IMITATE
imitation n The act of copying or replicating someone or sự bắt chước
something, often with the goal of resembling
the original

imitator n A person who copies or mimics the behavior, người bắt chước
style, or actions of another

imitative adj Characterized by copying or mimicking mang tính bắt chước

something else

inimitable⭐ adj Impossible to imitate or replicate; unique or không thể bắt chước
exceptional in a way that cannot be copied.

inimical adj Harmful or hostile; unfriendly or antagonistic. có hại, thù địch

IMPRESS

3
0
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

impression n A lasting effect or influence produced by ấn tượng

someone or something

(un)impressiveness n - Impressiveness: The quality of sự (không) ấn tượng

making a strong impact or being
remarkable; something that evokes
admiration or respect.
- Unimpressiveness: The lack
of impact or the quality of

Chuyên Anh's little cor

being ordinary or
unremarkable.

impressionism n A style of painting that emerged in the late chủ nghĩa ấn tượng
19th century, characterized by the use of
light and color to capture fleeting moments
and impressions rather than detailed
realism.

impressionist n An artist, especially a painter, who practices họa sĩ theo trường phái ấn
Impressionism tượng

(un)impressed⭐ adj (Not) feeling admiration or respect for (không) bị ấn tượng

something

impressionable adj Easily influenced or affected by others, dễ bị ảnh hưởng

(age)⭐ especially due to a lack of maturity or
experience

impressionistic adj Relating to or characteristic of Impressionism thuộc về trường phái ấn

tượng

(un)impressively adv - Impressively: In a manner một cách (không) ấn tượng

that evokes admiration or
respect; remarkably or
strikingly.
- Unimpressively: In a manner
that fails to impress;
unremarkably or ordinarily.
IMPROVE
improvement n The process of making something better or sự cải thiện
more effective

improvable adj Capable of being improved or made better có thể cải thiện

improved adj Made better or more effective được cải thiện

MATCH
matchmaker n A person who arranges marriages or người mai mối
romantic relationships; someone who pairs
people together based on compatibility.

3
0
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

matchmaking n The process of arranging marriages or sự mai mối

romantic relationships

3
0
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

unmatched⭐ adj Without equal or rival; superior to all others không có đối thủ

matchless adj Incomparable or without equal; so good that vô song, không ai sánh kịp
nothing else can compare.

well-matched⭐ adj Two or more people or things that tương xứng, hợp nhau
are compatible or suitable for each
other; well-suited or harmonized.

ill-matched⭐

Chuyên Anh's little cor

adj Two or more people or things that are không tương xứng
incompatible or unsuitable for each other;
poorly suited or mismatched.

PERFECT
(im)perfection n - Perfection: The state of being sự hoàn hảo/không hoàn
flawless or without defects; the hảo
highest degree of excellence.
- Imperfection: A flaw, defect,
or deficiency; the state of
being incomplete or flawed.

perfectionist⭐ n A person who strives for or demands người cầu toàn

perfection in every aspect of their life

perfectionism n The pursuit of or belief in perfection, often to chủ nghĩa cầu toàn
an excessive degree

perfectible adj Capable of being made perfect or improved có thể hoàn thiện
to a state of perfection.

perfectly adv In a flawless or ideal manner; without any một cách hoàn hảo
flaws or defects.

imperfect(ly) adj, adv Having flaws or defects; not complete or không hoàn hảo
ideal.

QUALITY
qualitatively⭐ adv In terms of quality rather than quantity về mặt chất lượng

qualified adj Having the necessary skills, knowledge, or đủ tiȃu chuẩn

credentials for a particular role or task

unqualified⭐ adj Lacking the necessary skills, knowledge, không đủ tiȃu chuẩn
or credentials

overqualified adj Having more skills, experience, or education quá thừa tiȃu chuẩn
than is necessary for a particular job or task.

disqualify v To declare someone ineligible or unfit for a loại, tước quyền

competition, position, or task due to failing to
meet specific criteria or rules.

3
0
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

STRONG
strengthen v To make something stronger or more làm mạnh thȃm
resilient; to reinforce or enhance.

strength n - The quality or state of being sức mạnh, điểm mạnh

physically strong, mentally tough, or
powerful
- Refers to an advantage or asset.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

stronghold n A fortified place or a center of power or pháo đài, cǔn cứ
support

strongly adv In a forceful, powerful, or intense manner; một cách mạnh mẽ

with great emphasis or conviction.

TERROR
terrorise v To create fear or terror in someone; to khủng bố, gȗy sợ hãi
intimidate or threaten through violence or
coercion.

terrify v To cause extreme fear or terror in someone; làm khiếp sợ

to frighten greatly.

terrorist n A person who uses violence, especially kẻ khủng bố

against civilians, to achieve political,
religious, or ideological goals.

terrorism n The use of violence and intimidation, chủ nghĩa khủng bố

especially against civilians, to achieve
political or ideological objectives.

terrible adj Extremely bad, dreadful, or unpleasant; kinh khủng

causing fear, horror, or distress.

terrific adj Excellent, wonderful, or extraordinary; also tuyệt vời (hoặc rất lớn)
used informally to describe something very
large or intense.

terrifying adj Extremely frightening or alarming; causing đáng sợ

great fear or dread.

terrified adj Overcome with fear or terror; very frightened. khiếp sợ

terribly adv In an extremely bad or unpleasant manner; rất tệ, rất khủng khiếp
also used informally to intensify a statement

USE
abuse⭐ v The misuse or improper treatment of lạm dụng
something or someone, often involving
cruelty, violence, or harm.

3
0
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

misuse v The incorrect or inappropriate use of sử dụng sai mục đích

something; to use something in a way that is
not intended or proper.

reuse v To use something again, often for a different tái sử dụng

purpose or in a different way; to recycle or
repurpose.

overuse v To use something too much or too often, sử dụng quá mức

Chuyên Anh's little cor

often to the point of exhaustion or depletion.

(ab)user n - User: A person who uses or người dùng/người lạm dụng

operates something.
- Abuser: A person who mistreats or
exploits something or someone,
often in a harmful or cruel way.

usefulness n The quality of being practical, functional, or sự hữu ích

beneficial

usage n The way in which something is used; the cách sử dụng

practice of using something.

uselessness n The quality of being of no use, value, or sự vô dụng

purpose

(un)used adj (Not) having been utilized or put into service (không) được sử dụng

(un)useable adj (Un)capable of being used (không/có) thể sử dụng

reusable⭐ adj Capable of being used more than có thể tái sử dụng
once; designed for multiple uses.

abused adj Treated improperly or cruelly; misused or bị lạm dụng

mistreated.

abusive(ly) adj Characterized by cruelty, mistreatment, or lạm dụng, ngược đãi

improper use.

useful(ly) adj Capable of serving a purpose or being hữu ích

helpful.

useless(ly) adj Incapable of serving a purpose or being vô dụng

helpful.

utilitarian⭐ adj Focused on practicality and functionality thực dụng, thiết thực,
rather than aesthetics or luxury. thực tế

utilitarianism n A moral philosophy that advocates for chủ nghĩa vị lợi (hành động
actions that promote the greatest happiness được coi là đúng đắn khi nó
or benefit for the greatest number of people. mang lại nhiều lợi ích cho
nhiều người)

3
0
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

VALUE

devalue v To reduce or underestimate the worth or làm giảm giá trị

importance of.

revalue v To assess or estimate the value of định giá lại

something again, often in a new context or
after a change in circumstances.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

overvalue v To assign too high a value to something. đánh giá cao, định giá cao

evaluate⭐ v To assess or appraise something carefully, đánh giá

often to determine its worth, significance, or
quality.

self-evaluate v To assess or appraise one's own tự đánh giá

performance, abilities, or qualities.

(re)valuation n - Valuation: The process of sự định giá (lại)

determining the worth or value of
something, often in a financial or
market context.
- Revaluation: The process of
reassessing the value of something,
particularly when the initial valuation
is considered outdated or incorrect.

evaluation n The process of judging or assessing the sự đánh giá

value, quality, or significance of
something; an appraisal.

overvaluation n The act of assigning too high a value to sự đánh giá cao quá mức
something.

valuers n Professionals who determine the value of người định giá

assets, properties, or goods; appraisers.

values n The beliefs people have, especially giá trị, nguyȃn tắc đạo đức
about what is right and wrong and what
is most important in life, that control their
behavior.
valuables⭐ n Items of great worth, especially personal vật có giá trị
possessions that are valuable, such as
jewelry or electronics.

valuable adj Having a high monetary value or being of có giá trị

great importance or utility.

invaluable⭐ adj Extremely valuable; too valuable to be vô giá

measured or quantified; indispensable.

valueless adj Having no worth or value; worthless. không có giá trị

3
0
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

WORTH
worthlessness n The state or quality of having no value, use, sự vô giá trị
or significance; being without worth.

self-worth n The sense of one's own value or self-esteem; giá trị bản thȗn
how much one values oneself.

worthy adj Having or showing the qualities or abilities xứng đáng

Chuyên Anh's little cor

that merit recognition, respect, or reward;
deserving of something.

worthless adj Having no value, use, or significance; lacking không có giá trị
in worth.

worthwhile adj Worth the time, effort, or expense involved đáng giá

-worthy⭐ suffix Indicating that something or someone (ví dụ: đáng tin cậy, đáng
e.g: creditworthy, deserves or is suitable for a particular thing ghi nhận)
trustworthy,
newsworthy

3
0
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

UNIT 24: RELATIONSHIPS & PEOPLE

TOPIC VOCABULARY:
Vocab Cateąory Definition Nąhĩa Example
1. attach, bond, link, identify

Chuyên Anh's little cor

attach

bond
v

v
to fasten, join, or connect
something to another
thing
gắn, đính kèm

to form a close connection gắn bó, kết nối

Please attach
document to the
before sending it.
the
email

The strong emotional bond

or relationship with between the mother and
someone or something; to her child was evident.
join or unite

link v a connection or liȃn kết, kết nối The new bridge will link
relationship between two the two cities together
or more things; to connect more efficiently.
or join

identify v to recognize or be able to xác định, nhận diện The witness was able to
name someone or identify the suspect in the
something; to establish lineup.
the identity of

2. conflict, contradict, dispute

conflict v, n to be in disagreement or xung đột, mȗu thuẫn
opposition; to clash or be
at odds with something

contradict v to say or do something mȗu thuẫn, Her actions contradicted

that is opposite or in trái ngược her statements about being
disagreement with environmentally conscious.
something else

dispute v, n to argue or discuss tranh cãi, tranh chấp

a disagreement; to
challenge or contest
something

3. coexist, cooperate
coexist v to exist together at the cùng tồn tại, đồng The two species coexist
same time or in the same sống peacefully in the same
place without conflict habitat.

3
0
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

cooperate v to work together hợp tác The two countries agreed

with others to to cooperate on
achieve a common environmental protection
goal initiatives.

4. comprise, involve
comprise v to consist of or be made bao gồm, cấu thành The committee comprises
up of; to include or ten members from different

Chuyên Anh's little cor

contain departments.

involve v to include or make liȃn quan, bao gồm The project involves
someone or something multiple stakeholders and
a part of something; to requires careful planning.
engage in an activity

5. distinąuish, divorce, exclude

distinguish v to recognize or point phȗn biệt (giữa) It’s important to distinguish
(between) out the differences between fact and opinion in
between two or more a debate.
things

divorce v, n to separate or split chia cắt, tách ra, ly After years of conflict, they
something hôn decided to divorce.

exclude v to intentionally leave out loại trừ, không bao The company decided to
(sb/sth from) or not include someone or gồm exclude certain items from
something the sale.

6. interfere, intervene
interfere v to involve oneself in a can thiệp, xen vào It’s important not to
situation where one is not (không ai mượn) interfere in other people’s
wanted or is not needed; personal matters.
to meddle

intervene v to come between or can thiệp, can thiệp The teacher intervened to
involve oneself in vào (để làm nó tốt prevent a conflict between
a situation to alter hơn) the students.
or improve it

7. compatible, intimate
compatible adj able to exist or work tương thích, hợp The teacher intervened to
(with) together without conflict; nhau prevent a conflict between
harmonious the students.

intimate (with) adj closely acquainted or thȗn thiết, quen They are very intimate
familiar with someone; to thuộc friends, having known
have a close, personal each other for years.
relationship

8. correspond, liken

3
0
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

correspond v to match or be in tương ứng với The results correspond to

(to) agreement with the predictions made by the
something; to be scientists.
equivalent or similar

liken (sb/sth v to compare or describe so sánh, ví von The author likened the
to sb/sth) someone or something as protagonist to a hero from
similar to someone or classical literature.
something else

Chuyên Anh's little cor

contrasting adj
9. contrastiną, diverse
showing differences when
compared; very different
from something else
đối lập, tương phản The contrasting colors of
the painting made it visually
striking.

diverse adj showing a great deal of đa dạng The city is known for its
variety; very different from diverse cultural and ethnic
each other communities.

10. coherent, consistent, equivalent

coherent adj logical and consistent; mạch lạc, rõ ràng Her argument was coherent
well-organized and easy and well-supported by
to understand evidence.

consistent adj acting or done in the same nhất quán, đồng nhất The study's findings were
way over time, especially consistent with previous
so as to be fair or accurate research.

equivalent adj equal in value, tương đương The two job positions are
amount, function, or equivalent in terms of
meaning responsibility and pay.

11. external, internal

external adj relating to or located on bȃn ngoài The external appearance of
the outside; outer the building is very modern.

internal adj relating to or located on bȃn trong The internal structure of the
the inside; inner machine is complex and
intricate.

12. inteąrate, merąe

integrate v to combine or bring tích hợp, hợp nhất The new software was
together parts into a integrated into the existing
whole; to make something system to improve
part of a larger system efficiency.

merge (with) v to combine two or more hợp nhất, sáp nhập The two companies decided
entities into one; to join to merge to expand their
together market reach.

3
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

13. compromise, neąotiate

compromise v to reach an agreement by thỏa hiệp They reached a
making concessions; to compromise that satisfied
settle a dispute by mutual both parties involved in the
agreement negotiation.

negotiate v to discuss and reach an đàm phán, thương The team negotiated the
agreement on something lượng terms of the contract with

Chuyên Anh's little cor

through discussion and the new supplier.
compromise

14. related, relative

related adj connected or associated có liȃn quan The two theories are
with something; having a closely related and build
relationship with upon each other.

relative adj considered in relation to tương đối, liȃn quan The term “small” is relative,
something else; not depending on the context in
absolute but dependent which it is used.
on context

15. adopt, foster

adopt v to take up or accept nhận nuôi, They have no children of
something, such as a new chấp nhận, áp their own, but they're
idea, method, or policy; to dụng hoping to adopt.
legally take a child into
one's family

foster v to encourage the growth nuôi dưỡng, Would you consider

or development of khuyến khích fostering a child?
something; to take care
of a child or animal
temporarily

16. ancestor, descendant, predecessor, successor

ancestor n a person from whom one tổ tiȃn My ancestors migrated to
is descended, typically this country over 200 years
one more remote than a ago.
grandparent

descendant n a person who is con cháu, hậu duệ She is a direct descendant
descended from a of a famous royal family.
particular ancestor
or family

predecessor n a person who held a người tiền nhiệm His predecessor had left the
position or office before company in excellent
the current holder financial health

3
1
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

successor n a person who người kế nhiệm The new CEO was

succeeds another in a announced as the successor
position or office to the retiring executive.

17. acquaintance, companion, dependant, partner

acquaintance n a person one knows người quen - An acquaintance
slightly but who is not a invited me out for
close friend a drink.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

- I am so pleased
to make your
acquaintance, Mr
Tweed.

companion n a person or animal with bạn đồng hành He took his dog as his
whom one spends a lot of constant companion on all
time or with whom one his trips.
travels

dependant n a person who relies on người phụ thuộc His three children are all
another, especially for dependants under his
financial support health insurance policy.

partner n a person who shares in a đối tác, bạn đời She is my business
business, life, or activity partner, and we've worked
together for ten years.

18. ąuardian, sibliną, spouse, stepmother/son/etc

guardian n a person who is legally người giám hộ After their parents passed
responsible for someone away, their aunt became
else, especially a minor their legal guardian.

sibling n a brother or sister anh chị em ruột She has two siblings, both
of whom live in different
countries.

spouse n a husband or wife vợ hoặc chồng He was invited to the event

along with his spouse.

stepmother/ n a parent or child by mẹ kế/con riȃng,... His stepmother has been

son/etc marriage rather than by part of the family since he
birth was five.

19. extrovert, introvert

extrovert n a person who is outgoing người hướng ngoại As an extrovert, she enjoys
and socially confident meeting new people and
thrives in social settings.

introvert n a person who tends to be người hướng nội He is an introvert who

reserved and enjoys prefers reading books over
solitude attending parties.

3
1
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

ambivert n a person whose người có tính As an ambivert, she

personality has a cách vừa hướng enjoys socializing but also
balance of both introvert nội vừa hướng values her alone time to
and extrovert features ngoại recharge.

20. empathize, sympathize

empathize v to understand and share đồng cảm As someone who had been
the feelings of another through a similar situation,

Chuyên Anh's little cor

she could truly empathize
with his struggles.

sympathize v to feel pity or sorrow for thông cảm I sympathize with you after
someone else's hearing about your recent
misfortune loss.

21. Other words

adjacent adj next to or adjoining liền kề, sát cạnh Our offices are adjacent to
something else each other on the same
floor.

confront v to face or deal with a đối mặt, đương đầu She had to confront her
difficult situation or boss about the unfair
person treatment.

integral adj essential or necessary for không thể thiếu Trust is integral to any
completeness successful relationship.

intermediate adj occurring between trung gian, trung cấp He enrolled in an

two extremes, in the intermediate course
middle stage to improve his skills.

joint adj shared, held, or done chung, hợp tác They made a joint
by two or more people decision to invest in the
together project.

mutual adj shared by two or more chung, lẫn nhau They have a mutual
parties understanding about the
project's goals.

(bear a) v the state of being alike or sự giống nhau He bears a striking

resemblance similar, especially in resemblance to his
appearance grandfather, especially
in his facial features.

citizen n a legally recognized công dȗn She became a citizen after

subject or national of a living in the country for ten
state years.

peer v a person of the same bạn đồng trang lứa Children are often
age, status, or ability as influenced by their peers at
another school.

3
1
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

PHRASAL VERBS:
Phrasal verb Meaniną Nąhĩa
answer back reply rudely to sb who has more phản bác, cãi lại ai đó
authority than you

ask out invite sb to go with you to a cinema, hẹn hò, mời ai đó đi chơi

Chuyên Anh's little cor

restaurant, etc because you want to
start a romantic or sexual
relationship with them

break up - if two people break up, they - chia tay, kết thúc một mối mối
end their relationship quan hệ
- break sth to make smaller pieces - chia nhỏ ra thành nhiều phần
- if a meeting or other event - giải tán, kết kết thúc buổi họp,
breaks up, or if you break it up, buổi gặp mặt
it ends and people leave

bring out - make sb or sth show a - làm giới tính của ai đó, hay đặc
quality that they have tính của thứ gì biểu lộ
- produce a new product and - đưa sản phẩm ra bán
start to sell it

bring together create a situation in which people tụ tập lại với nhau (lȗu rồi chưa gặp)
meet and do sth together, especially
when they would not usually do so

bump into - meet sb unexpectedly - tình cờ gặp ai đó

- accidentally hit against sth - vô tình tấn công ai

cancel out stop sth from having any effect làm tiȃu tan hiệu ứng, tác tác dụng của
thứ gì đó

come between if sth comes between two people, it can thiệp, xen vào mối quan hệ
harms their

crowd around move to particular place at the same bu quanh, xúm lại
time as a lot of other people

go together - if two or more things go - xuất hiện cùng nhau

together, they frequently exist
together
- if two things go together, they - kết hợp với nhau, đi đôi với nhau
seem good, natural or
attractive in combination with
each other

meet up come together with sb, either vô tình gặp lại ai đó

unexpectedly or as planned

open up - talk more about your personal - cởi mở, khai thông cảm xúc

3
1
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

feelings and experiences

- open a locked door,
container or building - mở một cái gì đó bị khóa
- make it easier to travel or
do business in a country - giúp tiếp cận và lập nghiệp dễ
dàng hơn

pick on keep treating sb badly or unfairly, bắt nạt, ǔn hiếp ai đó

especially by criticizing them

Chuyên Anh's little cor

sound out

take after
try to find out sb’s opinions, ideas,
feelings

look or behave like an older relative

kiểm tra cảm xúc, ý kiến, suy nghĩ của
người khác

giống với ai

take to - begin to like sb or sth - thích ai hoặc việc gì

- start doing sth as a habit - bắt đầu một thói quen

IDIOMS:
Idiom Meaniną Nąhĩa
be born with a silver spoon in sb’s have advantages because ngậm thìa vàng
mouth you come from a rich family

be on the same wavelength understand the way another trȃn cùng một tần số (lối suy nghĩ,
person thinks because you often quan điểm, ý kiến)
have the same ideas and
opinions they do

get on like a house on fire quickly become good friends and dễ dàng và rất nhanh trở thành
have a lot to talk to each other bản thȗn của nhau
about

in sb’s bad/good books used for saying that sb is trong mảng thích/không thích
annoyed/ pleased with you của ai đó

like two peas in a pod used for saying that two people dùng để chỉ hai người giống hệt
look, think and behave exactly nhau về cách suy nghĩ, hành động
the same.

on good terms (with) on a good relationship with sb có một mối quan hệ tốt với ai đó

put sth in perspective provide a sensible way of judging đặt một thứ gì đó vào sự so sánh
how good, bad, important, etc,. với những thứ khác để đánh giá
sth is in comparison with other một cách hợp lý
things

sb is only human sb’s weak behavior is typical of ai đó cũng chỉ là con người (ý nói
everyone. một điểm yếu của ai đó là
chuyện thường tình)

3
1
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

see eye to eye (with sb) agree with or have the same chung quan điểm/ đồng ý với ai
opinion with sb đó

sb’s flesh and blood your relative họ hàng

PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

Chuyên Anh's little cor

Idioms Meaniną Nąhĩa
BORN
born to do suggests that someone has a được sinh ra để làm việc gì đó
natural talent or inclination for a
particular activity or purpose.

born on/in Refers to the date and place of a sinh vào ngày/ sinh ở
person's birth.
- "born on" typically
relates to the day
- "born in" relates to the
location.

born into Describes the circumstances and sống/ sinh ra trong một hoàn
environment a person is born into, cảnh, môi trường
typically in terms of family, social
class, or culture.

born and bred Indicates that a person was not only không chỉ sinh ra ở nơi đó mà
born in a particular place but also còn lớn lȃn, chịu ảnh hưởng bởi
raised and shaped by that vǔn hóa và môi trường ở nơi đó
environment or culture.

born-again Refers to a religious or spiritual cuồng tín

experience where a person
undergoes a profound
transformation or renewal of faith.

newborn An adjective describing a recently trẻ/ vật mới sinh

born baby or infant, usually within
the first few weeks of life.

CHILD
as a child Refers to something that occurred or lúc nhỏ
was experienced during one's
childhood, typically up to the age of
12 or 13.

only child A person who has no siblings and is con một, không có anh chị em
raised without brothers or sisters.

3
1
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

a child of Indicates one's parentage or lineage. một đứa con của

child abuse Refers to the mistreatment or harm bạo hành trẻ em

of a child, including physical,
emotional, or sexual abuse, neglect,
or exploitation.

childcare The care and supervision of việc chǔm sóc và bảo vệ trẻ em
children, often provided by parents,

Chuyên Anh's little cor

guardians, or professional
caregivers, such as daycare
centers.

child’s play refers to something very easy or sử dụng để nói một thứ gì đó dễ
simple, often used to describe a task dàng mà không đòi hỏi kĩ nǔng
or activity that requires little effort or
skill.

child support Financial assistance provided by one khoản hỗ trợ trẻ em

parent to another for the upbringing
and well-being of their child or
children, typically after a separation
or divorce.

COMMON
have sth in common (with sb) Shared characteristics, interests, có cùng một sở thích/ ý nghĩ/
or traits between two or more quan điểm về một thứ gì với ai
individuals or things. đó

common for sb/sth to do Indicates that a particular action or để nói một việc thường được
behavior is typical or expected for a thực hiện bởi một đó
person or group.

common to Shared or belonging to multiple giống nhau ở hầu hết các trường
entities; something that is present or hợp
applicable in more than one case or
situation.

common language A language that is widely spoken or ngôn ngữ địa phương
understood by a group of people
within a specific region or
community.

the common people Refers to the general population những công dȗn ở tầng lớp bình
or ordinary citizens as opposed to thường, không phải vua chúa
the elite or privileged class.

common practice A customary or widely accepted phong tục tập quán, thông lệ
way of doing something within a
particular profession, industry,
or culture.

EQUAL

3
1
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

of equal size/quality/value Refers to two or more things that are cùng kích thước, chất lượng,
identical or have the same giá trị,..
measurements, quality, or value.

equal in size/quality/value Describes objects or entities that cùng kích thước,,,,

share the same size, quality, or
value, making them equivalent.

equal to Indicates that something is the bằng với

Chuyên Anh's little cor

same as or equivalent to something
else in terms of size, quality, or
value.

roughly equal (to) Suggests that two things are gần như bằng với/ xấp xỉ
approximately the same but not
necessarily identical in size, quality,
or value.

equal rights The principle of providing the same công bằng quyền lợi
legal and social rights and
opportunities to all individuals,
regardless of their characteristics
or background.

FAMILY
have/start a family Refers to the decision or process tạo ra/ bắt đầu xȗy dựng một gia
of getting married or having đình
children.

nuclear family A family unit consisting of two gia đình chỉ có cha mẹ và con
parents and their biological or cái kiểu mẫu
adopted children living together in a
household.

extended family A family structure that includes not gia đình gồm nhiều họ hàng
only parents and children but also cùng chung sống
grandparents, aunts, uncles,
cousins, and other relatives living in
proximity or maintaining close
relationships.

single-parent family A family structure in which there is gia đình chỉ có một phụ huynh
only one parent responsible for the
care and upbringing of the
children.

a family of Indicates membership within a một gia đình gồm/ thuộc loại
particular family group or lineage.

in the family Refers to something that is shared xung quanh/ giữa những người
or known by members of a particular thȗn trong gia đình
family.

3
1
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

one of the family Describes a person who is một người không cùng huyết
considered a close and integral thống nhưng được xem như một
part of a particular group or family, phần của một gia đình
even if not related by blood.

family tree A diagram or chart that shows the một bản, sơ đồ chỉ ra lịch sử
relationships and ancestry of thành viȃn của các thế hệ trong
individuals within a family, typically một gia đình
tracing back multiple generations.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

family name The last name or surname shared
by members of a family, often
passed down from one generation
to the next.
tȃn họ

family values The moral and ethical principles giá trị đạo đức hình thành trong
that guide the behavior and gia đình
relationships within a family unit.

FEATURE
feature sb/sth in To highlight or showcase a person or kết hợp cùng ai đó trong một
thing in a prominent or significant việc gì đó
way, often in media or presentations.

a feature of An aspect or characteristic that is sự kết hợp với

distinctive or notable within a
particular context.

distinguishing feature A unique or remarkable tính chất khác biệt

characteristic that sets someone
or something apart from others.

safety features Elements or mechanisms designed tính nǔng an toàn

to enhance safety and reduce risks
in products, vehicles, or
environments.

feature film A full-length movie intended for phim điện ảnh

theatrical release, typically with a
substantial plot and production
values.

feature writer A journalist or writer who người viết phóng sự báo chí
specializes in creating in-depth
articles or stories on a particular
subject or topic, often for
newspapers or magazines.

FRIEND
make friends (with) The act of forming new social kết bạn với
connections or acquaintances with
other people, typically characterized

3
1
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

by developing a friendly and positive

relationship.

close/good/great friend A person with whom one shares a bạn thȗn/ tốt
strong and meaningful bond of
friendship.

old friend Someone with whom one has been người bạn cũ
friends for a long time, often

Chuyên Anh's little cor

implying a history of friendship that
spans many years.

friend of the family A person who is considered a friend người bạn của nhiều người thȗn
by multiple members of a particular trong một gia đình
family and is often treated as an
honorary family member.

family friend Someone who is a friend of a bạn của một gia đình, được
particular family, often close enough đối xử như một thành viȃn
to be considered part of the
extended family.

circle of friends A group of individuals who are vòng, khoảng, số lượng bạn bè
friends with one another, forming a
social network or closely-knit social
group.

friends with Indicates a positive and friendly là bạn với

relationship between two
individuals or groups.

GENERATION
the older/younger generation Refers to different age groups within thế hệ già/ trẻ
a society, with the "older
generation" typically representing
older individuals and the "younger
generation" representing younger
individuals.

generation gap The cultural, social, and ideological khoảng cách thế hệ
differences and misunderstandings
that can arise between different
generations due to varying life
experiences, values, and
perspectives.

Generation X A term used to describe the thế hệ sinh từ giữa 1960 đến
generation born roughly between đầu 1980
the mid-1960s and early 1980s,
following the Baby Boomer

3
2
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

generation and preceding the

Millennial generation.

future generations Refers to the people who will be thế hệ tương lai
born and live in the years to come,
often considered in discussions
about the long-term impact of
decisions and actions.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

HUMAN
human behaviour The actions, conduct, and responses hành vi con người
exhibited by human beings in
various situations and contexts,
influenced by cultural, social,
psychological, and biological
factors.

human being A person một con người đúng nghĩa

human error Mistakes or errors made by human lỗi con người (liȃn quan đến
beings, often in the context of work, hoàn thành công việc hay xử lí
decision-making, or tasks, resulting vấn đề
from oversight, misunderstanding, )
or lapses in judgment.

human nature The inherent or fundamental bản chất con người

characteristics and qualities that are
believed to be common /The
fundamental rights and freedoms to
which all human beings are entitled,
typically including rights such as
freedom of speech, equality, and
protection from
discrimination.otions, instincts, and
social tendencies.

human race The collective term for the species chủng tộc loài người
Homo sapiens, encompassing all
human beings regardless of their
cultural, racial, or ethnic background.

human rights The fundamental rights and quyền con người

freedoms to which all human beings
are entitled, typically including rights
such as freedom of speech,
equality, and protection from
discrimination.
LOVE

love to do Expresses a strong preference or yȃu thích công việc gì đó

enjoyment for a particular activity or
action.

3
2
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

love doing Indicates the pleasure or thích việc gì đó

satisfaction derived from engaging
in a specific activity.

give/send your love to A warm and affectionate expression gửi sự quan tȗm của bản thȗn
used to convey feelings of love, đến với ai đó
care, and affection to someone,
especially when unable to do so in
person.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

(fall) in love (with sb) The experience of developing yȃu một ai đó
deep romantic affection and
emotional attachment to another
person.

love for A deep emotional attachment or sự yȃu thích đối với một ai/ thứ
affection directed towards someone gì đó
or something.

true love A deep and genuine romantic tình yȃu thật sự

affection and commitment between
two individuals, often characterized
by selflessness and unwavering
loyalty.

love at first sight The concept of instantly feeling a tình yȃu từ cái nhìn/ cuộc hẹn
strong romantic attraction or đầu tiȃn
connection to someone upon first
meeting them.

love affair Typically refers to a romantic or chuyện tình yȃu

passionate relationship between
two individuals who are not married
to each other or are involved in an
extramarital relationship.

loved ones Refers to people who are dearly những người bản thȗn tin yȃu
loved and cherished, often used to
describe close family members and
friends.

MARRIAGE
(related) by marriage Describes relationships formed quan hệ thông qua việc kết hôn
through marriage rather than by giữa một thành viȃn trong gia
blood, such as a brother-in-law or đình
mother-in-law.

marriage guidance Counseling or therapy aimed at tham vấn, cách thức hòa giải,
helping couples resolve issues, giải quyết các vấn đề liȃn quan
improve communication, and đến đời sống hôn nhȗn
strengthen their marital relationship.

3
2
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

marriage vows Promises and commitments made tuyȃn thệ trong đám cưới
by individuals during a wedding

3
2
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

ceremony, outlining their intentions

to love, honor, and cherish each
other in marriage.

marriage of convenience A marriage primarily based on quan hệ cưới hỏi dựa vào nhiều
practical considerations, such as yếu tố thay vì tình yȃu đúng
social status, financial benefits, nghĩa
or legal advantages, rather than
romantic love.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

the mother of

mother country
MOTHER
the origin or source of something.

Refers to the homeland or native

nguồn gốc ban đầu của thứ gì đó

quốc gia nguồn gốc ( nơi

country of a person, especially if là nguồn gốc sinh ra của
they have emigrated or moved một người)
to another country.

mother-in-law The mother of one's spouse, mẹ ( ở phía rể)

typically referring to the mother of a
husband or wife.

motherland Another term for one's native đất mẹ

country or homeland, often used to
convey a strong sense of patriotism
or attachment.

Mother Nature A personification of nature, often mẹ thiȃn nhiȃn

used to describe the natural world
and its forces.

Mother’s Day A holiday dedicated to honoring and ngày của mẹ

celebrating mothers and
motherhood, typically observed with
gifts, cards, and expressions of love
and gratitude.

mother-to-be A woman who is expecting or một người sắp trở thành mẹ (

pregnant, preparing to become a đang mang bầu,..)
mother.

mother tongue The first language a person learns ngôn ngữ đầu tiȃn, bản địa
and speaks from childhood, often
associated with one's cultural and
linguistic heritage.

NATIONAL
in the national interest Actions or decisions made for the vì mục tiȃu, định hướng tốt đẹp
benefit and well-being of a nation as của quốc gia
a whole, often taking precedence
over individual or private interests.

3
2
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

national anthem A patriotic song or musical quốc ca

composition designated as the
official anthem of a country, typically
performed on important national
occasions.

national costume/dress Traditional clothing or attire that is quốc phục

representative of a particular
nation's culture and heritage, often

Chuyên Anh's little cor

worn on special occasions or as a
symbol of national identity.

national debt The total amount of money that a tổng nợ của quốc gia
government owes to creditors or
bondholders, resulting from
borrowing to cover budget deficits or
finance public projects.

national holiday A special day designated by a ngày lễ toàn quốc

country to commemorate significant
events, historical figures, or national
achievements, often observed with
a day off from work or special
celebrations.

NATIVE
go native To adopt the customs, lifestyle, or thu nhận, tiếp nhận một vǔn
habits of the local people when hóa, lối sống của người bản địa
living or traveling in a foreign or từ một khu vực, quốc gia khác
unfamiliar culture.

native to Describes something that naturally quen thuộc với thứ gì đó ( vì

originates or occurs in a particular bản thȗn là người bản địa hoặc
place. tự động theo thời gian am hiểu
chúng)

a native of Refers to a person's place of birth là một người bản địa của
or origin, indicating the location
where they were born or grew up.

native speaker A person who speaks a particular người nói bản địa
language as their first or primary
language, typically from childhood.

non-native speaker A person who speaks a language người nói một thứ tiếng
that is not their first or primary không phải của họ
language, often acquired later in life.

native land The homeland or country where a đất mẹ, nơi một người được sinh
person was born or where their ra và là nơi tổ tiȃn hình thành
ancestors originated.

3
2
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

native species Plants, animals, or organisms that động vật bản địa
naturally occur in a specific region or
ecosystem and are not introduced or
invasive species.

NEAR
near to (doing sth) Indicates a close proximity or gần với việc làm thứ gì đó
likelihood of performing a specific

Chuyên Anh's little cor

action.

the near future A period of time that is close in time tương lai gần
to the present, typically within the
coming days, weeks, or months.

from near and far Refers to a wide range of locations từ nhiều nguồn gần xa
or sources, including both nearby
and distant places or origins.

a near thing A situation where success or failure tình huống mà thành công hoặc
was narrowly avoided, often thất bại chỉ cách một tí
implying a close call or a very small
margin of difference.

the nearest thing to Something that closely resembles or một thứ gì đó gần giống nhất
approximates another thing, often
used when there is no exact match.

your nearest and dearest The people who are closest to you người thȗn gần gũi nhất
and hold a special place in your
affections, such as family and
close friends.

PERSON
do sth in person To perform an action or task in làm việc gì đó thông qua con
physical presence, rather than người, không sử dụng robot
remotely or through other means.

meet sb in person To encounter or interact with gặp ai đó ngoài đời thật

someone face-to-face, rather than
through virtual or online
communication.

RELATIVE
it’s (all) relative The idea that the interpretation or chúng đều liȃn quan đến nhau,
significance of something ngụ ý rằng cần xem xét/ so sánh
depends on the context or việc gì đó dựa trȃn nhiều khía
perspective in which it is cạnh
considered.

3
2
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

relative to In relation to or with respect to liȃn quan đến

something else, often used to
compare or contextualize.

close/near relative A family member who is closely có quan hệ gần gũi nhau
related by blood or marriage, such
as a parent, sibling, or spouse.

distant relative A family member who is related by họ hàng xa

Chuyên Anh's little cor

blood or marriage but is not closely
connected in terms of proximity or
relationship.

a relative of yours Someone who is related to you by một người họ hàng

blood or marriage, emphasizing the
personal connection.

relative clause/pronoun In grammar, a clause or pronoun mệnh đề quan hệ

that provides additional information
about a noun in a sentence and
typically begins with words like
"who," "which," or "that."

RESPECT
respect for sb To hold someone in high regard or tôn trọng ai đó
esteem because of their qualities,
achievements, or actions.

respect sb as To treat someone with respect and tôn trọng ai đó như

consideration due to their status,
position, or personal qualities.

gain/lose sb’s respect To earn or lose someone's mất/ có được sự tôn trọng của ai
admiration and approval based on đó
one's actions, behavior, or character.

command/deserve/earn/win To establish respect through gȗy dựng sự tôn trọng thông

respect authority, merit, or actions. qua hành động, quyền lực, phúc
lợi

treat sb with respect To behave towards someone in a đối xử ai đó với sự tôn trọng
courteous and considerate manner,
acknowledging their worth and
dignity.

with respect to Concerning or in reference to a liȃn quan đến

specific matter or topic.

in this/that respect used to specify or clarify the dựa vào đó

particular aspect or regard under
consideration in a given context

SUPPORT

3
2
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

support doing sth To endorse or favor a particular ủng hộ làm việc gì đó

action or activity.

support sb (financially) To provide financial assistance or hỗ trợ kinh tế cho người khác
help to someone, often in the form of
money or resources.

support an idea To express agreement with or ủng hộ một ý tưởng/ đức tin
advocacy for a particular concept,

Chuyên Anh's little cor

proposal, or belief.

support a team To be a fan or follower of a sports ủng hộ một đội

team or organization, often including
attending games and showing
loyalty.

offer support To extend help, assistance, or hỗ trợ

encouragement to someone who
may be in need or facing
challenges.

in support of To express or demonstrate solidarity mang tính hỗ trợ cho

with a cause, idea, or group, often
through actions or statements.

WEDDING
wedding anniversary The yearly celebration of the date on kỉ niệm ngày cưới
which a couple was married.

wedding cake A special cake prepared and served bánh cưới

at a wedding reception, often
elaborately decorated.

wedding ceremony The formal and ritualistic event lễ cưới/ kết hôn
where a marriage is solemnized and
celebrated.

wedding dress The special attire worn by a bride on váy cưới

her wedding day, typically a white
gown.

wedding invitation A formal request or card inviting thiệp mời tham dự lễ kết hôn
guests to attend a wedding.

wedding ring A piece of jewelry exchanged by the nhẫn kết hôn

bride and groom during the wedding
ceremony as a symbol of their
commitment and love.

wedding present A gift given to the newlyweds to quà tặng ngày cưới
celebrate their marriage and offer
best wishes for their future together.

3
2
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

WORD FORMATION:
Word Cate Meaniną Nąhĩa
APPEAR
disappear v To go out of sight or become invisible. biến mất

Chuyên Anh's little cor

reappear v To become visible or evident again after xuất hiện lại
being absent.

disappearance n The event of ceasing to be visible or sự biến mất

vanishing.

reappearance n The act of becoming visible or noticeable sự xuất hiện lại

again after absence.

non-appearance⭐ n The condition of not being present when sự không xuất hiện
expected.

apparition n A sudden and often ghostly appearance. sự xuất hiện đột ngột
(thường liȃn quan đến ma
quỷ)

apparent(ly)⭐ adj, adv Clearly visible or easily understood; evident rõ ràng / có vẻ như
to the senses or mind.

APPRECIATE
appreciation n Recognition or enjoyment of value or sự cảm kích, sự đánh
qualities. giá cao

appreciable adj Noticeably large or significant enough to be đáng kể

measured or perceived.

appreciably adv To a degree that is significant or noticeable. một cách đáng kể

(un)appreciative(ly) adj, adv (Not) feeling or showing gratitude or (không) cảm kích /
recognition; (not) being thankful for (không) một cách cảm
something or acknowledging its value. kích

ASSOCIATE
dissociate⭐ v To separate or detach from a connection tách ra, rời khỏi mối quan hệ
or relationship.

association n A connection or relationship between entities sự liȃn kết, hiệp hội

or concepts.

associate v To link or connect one thing with another; a liȃn kết, cộng sự
partner or colleague in a group.

3
2
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

associated adj Connected or related to something in some liȃn quan, có liȃn hệ

way.

ATTACH
reattach v To fasten or connect something back to its gắn lại
original position.

attachment n An object or component connected to or sự gắn kết, tệp đính kèm

Chuyên Anh's little cor

added to another thing.

(un)attached adj Not connected or fastened to something else; không được gắn kết,
lacking attachment. không bị ràng buộc

CHARACTER
characterize v To describe or define the distinct qualities or miȃu tả tính cách, biểu thị
features. đặc điểm

characterization n The process of outlining distinctive traits or sự miȃu tả tính cách

attributes.

(un)characteristic adj Not typical or usual for a person or thing; (không) đặc trưng
out of the ordinary.

characterless adj Lacking distinctive or notable features or không có tính cách nổi bật
qualities

CONNECT
disconnect v To separate or detach from a connection ngắt kết nối
or system.

reconnect v To reestablish a connection or link. kết nối lại

interconnect v To connect multiple elements or systems kết nối với nhau

with each other.

(dis/re)connection n The state or process of linking or unlinking sự ngắt / tái kết nối
elements or systems.

(inter)connecting adj The process of establishing connections đang kết nối với nhau
between multiple elements.

(un/dis/inter)connected adj Not linked, separated, or linked in a manner (không) được kết nối /
⭐ that shows connection. bị ngắt kết nối

connector n A device or component used to join or link thiết bị kết nối

elements.

FAMILIAR
familiarize⭐ v To make someone acquainted with làm quen với
or knowledgeable about something.

3
2
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

(un)familiarity n To make someone acquainted with (sự không) quen thuộc

or knowledgeable about something.

unfamiliar adj Not known or recognized; lacking knowledge không quen thuộc
or experience.

familiarly adv In a manner that shows close acquaintance một cách thȗn quen
or easy recognition.

INDIVIDUAL

Chuyên Anh's little cor

individualize

individualisation
v

n
To make something distinct or tailored to an
individual.

The process of making something unique to

an individual.
cá nhȗn hóa

sự cá nhȗn hóa

individuality n The qualities or characteristics that make cá tính, sự khác biệt

someone or something unique.

individualist n A person who emphasizes the importance of người theo chủ nghĩa cá
individual freedom and self-reliance. nhȗn

individually adv In a manner that pertains to each person or một cách riȃng lẻ
thing separately

INHERIT
inheritance n The assets or traits passed down from one tài sản thừa kế
generation to another.

heritage n The traditions, achievements, and cultural di sản vǔn hóa

values inherited from previous generations

heredity n The genetic transmission of characteristics di truyền học

from parents to offspring

hereditary⭐ adj Related to or transmitted through inheritance thuộc về di truyền

from one's ancestors

INTIMATE
intimacy n Close familiarity or deep personal sự thȗn mật
connection.

intimately adv In a manner showing deep personal một cách thȗn mật
connection or knowledge.

LOYAL
(dis)loyalty n Lack of allegiance or faithfulness. sự (không) trung thành

disloyal adj Lacking allegiance or faithfulness. không trung thành

(dis)loyally adv (Not) in a faithful way (không) trung thành

3
3
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

OBSERVE
observation n The act of watching or monitoring something sự quan sát
carefully.

observance n The act of following or adhering to rules or sự tuȗn thủ

customs.

observer n A person who watches or monitors người quan sát

Chuyên Anh's little cor

something.

observatory n A place or facility equipped for observing and đài quan sát
studying phenomena.

observable adj Capable of being seen or noticed. có thể quan sát được

observant⭐ adj Ǫuick to notice or perceive things. tinh ý

observably adj, adv In a manner that can be noticed or seen. một cách có thể quan sát
được

PARENT
parenting n The process of raising and nurturing children. việc nuôi dạy con cái

parentage n The lineage or ancestry of one's parents. dòng dõi, nguồn gốc

parenthood n The state or responsibilities of being a cương vị làm cha mẹ

parent.

parental(ly)⭐ adj, adv Pertaining to or relating to parents or their thuộc về cha mẹ

role

PERCEIVE
perception n The process of becoming aware sự nhận thức
or understanding through the
senses.

perceptiveness n The ability to notice or understand things sự nhận biết nhạy bén
quickly and accurately.

perceptible adj Able to be perceived or noticed. có thể nhận thấy

imperceptible⭐ adj Too slight or subtle to be noticed. khó nhận ra

(im)perceptibly adv In a manner that is so slight it is not easily (không) một cách dễ nhận
noticed. thấy

perceptive(ly) adj, adv In a manner that shows keen understanding một cách nhạy bén
or insight.

PERSON
personalize v To make something tailored to or suited for cá nhȗn hóa
an individual.

3
3
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

impersonate⭐ v To pretend to be someone else, often to giả mạo, đóng giả

deceive.

personality n The combination of traits and characteristics tính cách, nhȗn cách
that form an individual's character.

personnel⭐ n The people employed in an organization or nhȗn sự

engaged in a specific activity.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

interpersonal adj Relating to interactions or relationships giữa các cá nhȗn với nhau
between people.

personalized adj Made to fit or suit an individual. được cá nhȗn hóa

(im)personal(ly) adj, adv Lacking personal connection or warmth. (không) cá nhȗn, (thiếu) sự
thȗn mật

RACE
racism n Discrimination or prejudice based on race. phȗn biệt chủng tộc

racist n Someone who holds prejudiced views kẻ phȗn biệt chủng tộc
based on race.

interracial⭐ adj Involving or occurring between different đa dạng chủng tộc

races

racial(ly) adj, adv Pertaining to or based on race thuộc về chủng tộc

RELATE
relation n A connection or association between entities. sự liȃn hệ

relationship n The way in which two or more people or mối quan hệ

things are connected.

correlation n A mutual relationship or connection between mối tương quan

two or more things.

interrelation n A mutual or reciprocal connection between mối liȃn hệ qua lại

multiple elements.

(un)related adj Not connected or associated with something (không) có liȃn quan
else.

relative(ly) adj, adv In comparison with something else; tương đối

somewhat.

correlate v To show a mutual relationship or connection có tương quan với

between two or more things.

SELF
(un)selfishness n The quality of being selfless and prioritizing sự (không) ích kỷ
others' needs.

3
3
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

selflessness n The quality of putting others' needs before lòng vị tha

one's own.

selfish adj Lacking consideration for others; concerned ích kỷ

only with one's own needs.

unselfish adj Considerate of others' needs and feelings. không ích kỷ

(un)selfishly adv In a manner that is concerned only with one's một cách (không) ích kỷ

Chuyên Anh's little cor

own needs.

selfless(ly) adj, adv In a manner that puts others' needs before một cách vị tha
one's own.

self-made⭐ adj Achieved success through one's own efforts tự lập, tự mình đạt được
rather than relying on others. thành công

SEPARATE

separation n The act of dividing or disconnecting. sự chia tách

separable adj Capable of being divided or detached. có thể tách rời

inseparable⭐ adj Unable to be divided or separated. không thể tách rời

separated adj Divided or kept apart. đã tách ra

separately In a manner that keeps things apart or một cách riȃng biệt
distinct.

SYMPATHY
sympathize v To share or understand another's feelings or đồng cảm
troubles.

sympathiser n A person who shares or understands người đồng cảm

another's feelings or troubles.

(un)sympathetic adj Lacking understanding or concern for (không) cảm thông

another's feelings.

(un)sympathetically adv In a manner that shows understanding or một cách (không) cảm
concern for another's feelings. thông

YOUNG
youngster⭐ n A young person, typically a child or thanh niȃn
adolescent.

youth n The period of life between childhood and tuổi trẻ

adulthood; young people collectively.

youthful⭐ adj Having the qualities or characteristics of trẻ trung

young people.

3
3
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

UNIT 26: PREFERENCE AND

LEISURE ACTIVITIES

TOPIC VOCABULARY:

adore
r
Chuyên Anh's little cor
Vocab Cateąory

v
Definition

1. adore, appeal, fancy, favor

to love and respect
Nąhĩa

yȃu quý, sùng bái

Example

She absolutely adores

someone deeply her little brother and
spends hours playing
with him.

appeal (to) v to be attractive or thu hút, hấp dẫn The idea of traveling to
interesting remote places really
appeals to me.

fancy v to feel a desire or liking for thích, muốn Do you fancy going out for
something dinner tonight?

favor v to support or prefer one ưa chuộng, thiȃn vị The manager tends to favor
option or idea over another employees who are
punctual and hardworking.

2. aspiration, craviną, yearniną, lonąiną

(have) n a strong desire to khát vọng Her aspiration is to
aspiration achieve something high become a successful
or great entrepreneur.

craving (for) n an intense desire cơn thèm muốn He had a sudden craving
for something for chocolate late at night.

yearning (for) n a deep longing, especially sự khao khát She felt a deep
when it is for something yearning for her
unattainable hometown after living
abroad for many years.

longing n a strong desire for niềm ao ước There was a sense of

something, especially longing in his eyes when he
something unattainable spoke about his childhood.

3. addiction, fascination, likiną, passion, taste

addiction n a strong and harmful need sự nghiện ngập His addiction to video
to regularly have or do games started affecting his
something work performance.

3
3
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

fascination n the power to attract or hold sự mȃ hoặc, hấp dẫn She has a fascination with
interest; intense interest ancient history and spends

3
3
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

hours reading about it.

liking (for) n a feeling of attraction or sự yȃu thích He has a liking for classical
fondness music and attends concerts
regularly.

passion n a strong or barely niềm đam mȃ Her passion for painting is

controllable emotion or evident in every piece of
enthusiasm artwork she creates.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

(have a) n a person's liking or sở thích He has a taste for fine
taste preference for wines and often visits
(for) something vineyards.

4. desire, strive, yearn, hanker

desire v to wish for or want mong muốn He desires to travel the
something strongly world and experience
different cultures.

strive (for) v to make great efforts to phấn đấu She strives for excellence
achieve something in all aspects of her work.

yearn (for) v to have an intense feeling khao khát After years of living in the
of longing for something, city, he yearned for a
often something quieter life in the
unattainable countryside.

hanker (after) v to strongly desire thèm muốn He hankers after adventure

something and dreams of climbing
mountains.

5. compulsory, optional
compulsory adj required by law or a rule; bắt buộc Wearing a helmet while
obligatory riding a motorcycle is
compulsory in many
countries.

optional adj available to be chosen but tùy chọn The extra insurance
not obligatory coverage is optional,
not mandatory.

6. devote, sacrifice
devote (to) v to give all or most of one's cống hiến cho He devotes most of his free
time or resources to time to charity work.
something

sacrifice (for) v to give up something hy sinh cho She sacrificed her career
important for the sake of for her family’s well-being.
something else

7. decline, welcome

3
3
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

decline v to politely refuse an offer or từ chối He declined the invitation to

invitation the party because he had
other plans.

welcome v to greet someone or chào đón We welcomed the new

something with pleasure or members to our team with a
acceptance warm reception.

8. content, obsessed

Chuyên Anh's little cor

content adj in a state of peaceful hài lòng He is content with his
happiness simple life and doesn't wish
for more.

obsessed adj preoccupied with or bị ám ảnh bị ám ảnh

constantly thinking about
something

9. arbitrary, impulse
arbitrary adj based on random choice tùy tiện His decision to change the
or personal whim, rather meeting time was
than any reason or system completely arbitrary.

(on) impulse adj a sudden strong and sự thôi thúc, ngẫu She bought the dress on
unreflective urge or desire hứng impulse, even though
to act she didn’t need it.

10. mediocre, mundane, temptiną, tedious

mediocre adj of only average quality; not trung bình, tầm The movie received
very good thường mediocre reviews, with
critics saying it lacked
originality.

mundane adj lacking interest or tẻ nhạt, bình thường She found the repetitive
excitement; dull tasks at her job mundane
and uninspiring.

tempting adj appealing to or attracting hấp dẫn, đầy cám dỗ The cake looked so
someone, even if wrong or tempting that I couldn't
unwise resist having a slice.

tedious adj too long, slow, or dull; chán ngắt Filling out all the paperwork
tiresome or was a tedious process.
monotonous
11. idle, sedentary
(bone) idle adj extremely lazy cực kỳ lười biếng He’s bone idle and avoids
doing any work unless
absolutely necessary.

sedentary adj characterized by much ít vận động A sedentary lifestyle can

sitting and little physical lead to numerous health

3
3
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

activity problems.

12. pastime, recreation

pastime n an activity done for trò tiȃu khiển Reading is my
enjoyment favorite pastime when
I’m not working.

recreation n activities done for giải trí Emma’s only form of

Chuyên Anh's little cor

enjoyment when one is not recreation seems to
working be shopping.

13. absorbiną, casual, exhilaratiną

absorbing intensely interesting or hấp dẫn, lôi cuốn The novel was so
engrossing absorbing that I finished it
in one sitting.

casual relaxed and unconcerned; không trang trọng, His casual attitude towards
done without much thought bình thường deadlines often caused
delays.

exhilarating making one feel very làm phấn khởi, Skydiving was the most
happy, animated, or elated hào hứng exhilarating experience
of my life.

14. induląe, pursue

indulge (in) v to allow oneself to enjoy tận hưởng, đắm chìm On her birthday, she
the pleasure of something decided to indulge in
her favorite dessert.

purse v to follow or chase after theo đuổi He decided to pursue a

something, often a goal or career in law after finishing
ambition university.

15. respite, solitude

respite n a short period of rest or thời gian nghỉ The weekend provided a
relief from something ngơi, tạm nghỉ brief respite from the
difficult or unpleasant stressful work week.

solitude n the state of being alone, sự cô đơn, tĩnh lặng She enjoys the solitude of
often for reflection or her morning walks in the
peacefulness park.

16. Other words

(in) n the action of expecting or sự mong đợi She waited in eager
anticipation waiting for something to anticipation for the
(for) happen results of the competition.

bear v to endure or tolerate chịu đựng He could no longer bear the

3
3
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

something unpleasant pain and decided to go to

the hospital.

dedicated adj devoted to a task or tận tụy, cống hiến She is a dedicated teacher
purpose who spends extra hours
helping her students.

delight v, n to give someone great - làm cho ai - The performance

pleasure or happiness đó vui delighted the

Chuyên Anh's little cor

sướng audience with its
- sự vui sướng breathtaking
choreography.
- He takes delight
in gardening,
spending hours
every weekend
tending to his
plants.

differentiate v to recognize or show the phȗn biệt It’s important to

(between) difference between two or differentiate between facts
more things and opinions in an
argument.

envy v, n to feel discontent or longing ghen tị - She envied her

for someone else’s colleague's ability
possessions, qualities, or to travel
luck frequently for
work.
- She felt a pang of
envy when she
saw her friend's
new car.

greedy adj having an excessive tham lam The greedy man hoarded
desire for wealth or all the money for himself,
possessions refusing to share with
others.

inclined adj having a tendency to do có khuynh hướng He is inclined to agree with

something most of the decisions
made by his colleagues.

motive n a reason for động cơ Her motive for volunteering

doing something was to gain experience in
the medical field.

praise v, n to express approval or khen ngợi The manager praised the

admiration for someone or team for their hard work and
something dedication.

3
3
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

resolve v to make a firm quyết tȗm She resolved to finish the

decision about project by the end of the
something week.

3
3
1
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

urge v, n to strongly encourage or thúc giục He urged her to apply for

persuade someone to the job, believing she would
do something be a great fit.

worthwhile adj worth the time, effort, or đáng giá The hours of practice were
money spent worthwhile when she won
first place in the
competition.

uyên Anh's little

fatigue n extreme tiredness sự mệt mỏi After working long hours, he
or exhaustion was overcome with fatigue
and fell asleep immediately.

corner
lifestyle n the way in which a person lối sống A healthy lifestyle includes
lives, including habits, regular exercise and a
attitudes, and balanced diet.
preferences

outing n a short trip taken for chuyến đi chơi ngắn They went on a family
pleasure or leisure outing to the beach
over the weekend.

socialize v to interact or engage with giao tiếp, hòa nhập He enjoys socializing with
(with) others in a friendly or his colleagues after work.
sociable way

trivial adj of little importance or không quan trọng They argued about trivial
(matters) significance matters, such as who
would take out the trash.

unwind v to relax and release tension thư giãn After a long day at work,
she likes to unwind by
reading a book.

venue n the place where an event or địa điểm tổ chức The wedding venue was a
activity is held beautiful garden
surrounded by flowers.

h
PHRASAL VERBS:

C Phrasal verbs
centre around
Meaniną
if sth centers around sb or sth, or you
center sth around them, they are its
main subject of attention or interest
Nąhĩa
xoay quanh ai hay một chủ đề nào đó

get into - start enjoying sth or - bắt đầu hứng thú với điều gì đó
become enthusiastic about
it - đến một địa điểm nào đó (xe
- if a train, plane, etc gets into lửa, máy bay)
a place, it arrives there - dính líu vào một tình huống xấu
- become involved in a bad
3
3
1
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

situation

go in for - enjoy a particular thing or activity - thích thú về một chủ chủ đề,
- choose sth as a subject of hoạt động gì đó
study or as your career - chọn điều gì đó làm chủ đề học
tập hay sự nghiệp

go off - stop liking sb or sth - dừng thích ai đó

- explode or be fired - nổ, nổ súng

Chuyên Anh's little cor

- leave a place, especially for - rời khỏi một nơi vì lý do cá nhȗn
a particular purpose nào đó
- if food or drink goes off, it is - thực phẩm bị hư hỏng, thiu,
no longer fresh không còn tươi

sth grow on sb if sth or sb grows on you, you start to ai đó bắt đầu thích việc gì
like them more

hang out - spend time in a particular - dành thời gian với ai tại một nơi
hang-out(n) place or with particular people nào đó
- lean out of a window so that the - rướn người ra cửa sổ
top part of your body is outside

keep up - continue to do sth - tiếp tục làm việc gì đó

- move at the same speed as sb - chạy đuổi theo ai đó
or sth

laze around relax and enjoy yourself, doing no thư giãn và không làm gì cả
work

mess about/around - spend time doing things in - dành thời gian làm gì thư giãn
a relaxed way
- behave in a silly way - cư xử một cách ngu ngốc

pick up - learn a new skill or start a habit - bắt đầu học kĩ nǔng hay sở thích
without intending to mới cách vô tình
- go and meet sb or sth that - đi đến gặp ai để gặp ai
you have arranged to take
swh in a vehicle

put in spend a particular amount of time dành thời gian hay công sức làm việc gì
input(n) doing sth, or make a particular
amount of effort in order to do sth

seek out find sb or sth by looking for them in a quyết tȗm tìm kiếm ai đó
determined way

take in include sth bao gồm

take off - have a particular amount of - có thời gian nghỉ

take-off (n) time away from work
- become successful or popular - trở nȃn thành công và nổi tiếng
very fast rất nhanh

3
4
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

take out take sb to a place like a cinema or a dẫn ai đó đến rạp chiếu phim hay nhà
restaurant and usually pay for them hàng và khao tiền

warm up prepare for a sport or activity by doing khởi động (trước khi chơi thể thao)
gentle exercises or practicing just
before it starts

IDIOMS:

Chuyên Anh's little cor

at a loose end
Idiom Meaniną
with nothing in particular to do
Nąhĩa
không thực sự có điều gì để làm

couch potato used for sb who spends a lot of sử dụng để nói một người nào
their time sitting at home đó dành nhiều thời gian để ngồi
watching television nhà tận hưởng và xem ti vi

do sth on a whim do sth on impulse làm việc gì đó dựa trȃn cảm

xúc và ham muốn nhất thời

have time on sb’s hands have more time available than có nhiều thời gian để hoàn thành
you need việc gì đó hơn cần thiết

let sb hair down relax and enjoy yourself thư giãn và tận hưởng (khi đang
because you are in a ở trong một môi trường thoải
comfortable environment mái)

life and soul of the party sb who is very lively at social một người rất nhộn nhịp trong
events những bữa tiệc

put sb’s feet up sit down and relax, especially ngồi xuống và nghỉ ngơi (đặc biệt
with your feet raised off the với hai chȗn gác lȃn khỏi mặt đất)
ground

recharge sb’s batteries rest after being busy, so that nghỉ ngơi sau công việc nhằm có
you will have enough energy to đủ sức để làm việc tiếp
start working again

set sb’s heart on sth decide that you will follow sth/ quyết định bản thȗn sẽ đi theo
want sth very much cái gì đó/ muốn một cái gì đó rất
nhiều

variety is the spice of life used for saying that different sự đa dạng mới là hương vị của
experiences and situations make cuộc sống (ý nói những kinh
life enjoyable or interesting. nghiệm, tình huống khác nhau
mới làm cuộc sống thȃm thú vị)

3
4
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

PHRASES & COLLOCATIONS:

Idioms Meaniną Nąhĩa

CHOICE

Chuyên Anh's little cor

make a choice To select or decide on something. đưa ra sự lựa chọn

exercise choice To use one's right or ability to thực hiện sự lựa chọn
choose something.

have no choice To be in a situation where only one không có sự lựa chọn

option is available.

choice between The decision to select between two chọn lựa giữa thứ gì đó
or more options.

choice of The selection from a range of sự lựa chọn về

available options.

personal/parental/consumer The decision or preference made by sự lựa chọn của cá nhȗn/cha

choice an individual, parent, or consumer. mẹ/người dùng

informed choice A decision made based on full sự lựa chọn có hiểu biết
understanding and accurate
information.

wide choice A large variety of options. sự lựa chọn phong phú

obvious choice The selection that is clear or evident lựa chọn hiển nhiȃn
as the best option.

CHOOSE
choose from To select one or more options from a chọn từ
list or group.

choose between To decide on one option out of two chọn giữa

or more alternatives.

choose sb/sth at To select something or someone chọn ai/hay cái gì

from a group, often at a specific
place.

choose sb/sth out of To pick someone or something chọn ai/cái gì trong số

from a larger group or set.

choose to do To decide to take a specific action.

chọn để làm gì

3
4
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

pick and choose To have the luxury of selecting the chọn lựa kỹ lưỡng
best option or something that meets
all requirements.

nothing/little to choose Very little or no difference between

between two or more things. không có/lựa chọn ít giữa

DECIDE

Chuyên Anh's little cor

decide to do To make a choice to take an action. quyết định làm gì

decide against/in favour of To make a decision to quyết định chống lại/ủng hộ

oppose/support something.

decide that To make a conclusion or judgment quyết định rằng

about something.

decide between To make a choice between two or quyết định giữa

more options.

decide for yourself To make a personal decision without tự quyết định

external influence.

decide on To select or settle on a particular quyết định về

option.

DELIGHT

delight in doing To take great pleasure or vui thích khi làm gì

enjoyment in performing an activity.

take (great) delight in sth To experience great pleasure from rất vui thích trong việc gì
something.

to sb’s delight To someone’s great pleasure or làm ai đó rất vui

happiness.

with/in delight Experiencing or expressing great với niềm vui thích

pleasure or happiness.

EAGER
eager to do Keen or enthusiastic about háo hức làm gì
doing something.

eager for Having a strong desire or háo hức chờ đợi điều gì
anticipation for something.

only too eager to do Very willing to do something, rất sẵn lòng làm gì
sometimes excessively so.

FREE
set sb free To release someone from captivity or thả ai đó tự do

3
4
3
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

obligations.

let sb go free To allow someone to leave or cho ai đó tự do

escape.

free sb from To release someone from a duty or giải thoát ai đó khỏi

burden.

walk free To be released from confinement, được thả tự do

Chuyên Anh's little cor

often legal, without punishment.

free to do Having the liberty or permission to tự do làm gì

do something.

free from Not subject to or affected by không bị ảnh hưởng bởi

something.

free and easy Relaxed and without strict rules or thoải mái, tự nhiȃn
pressure.

free time Time not occupied by work or thời gian rảnh

obligations.

IMPULSE
act on impulse To do something spontaneously or hành động theo cảm hứng
without prior planning.

do sth on impulse To take action suddenly and without làm gì theo hứng
planning.

control/resist an impulse To hold back or suppress the sudden kiểm soát/chống lại sự thôi thúc
desire to do something.

an impulse to do A sudden desire or urge to perform thôi thúc làm gì

an action.

KEEN
keen (for sb) to do To be eager or enthusiastic mong chờ, háo hức ai đó làm gì
for someone to do something.

keen on To be interested in or enthusiastic thích, quan tȗm đến

about something.

keen interest in A strong interest in something. sự quan tȗm sȗu sắc đến

LEISURE
have the leisure to do To have free time to do something. có thời gian rảnh để làm gì

at your leisure At a time when it is convenient or khi nào rảnh rỗi

without hurry.

leisure centre A facility where people can trung tȗm giải trí

3
4
4
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

participate in recreational activities.

leisure pursuits Activities done for enjoyment in hoạt động giải trí
one's free time.

leisure time Time free from work or duties, used thời gian rảnh
for relaxation or hobbies.

LIKE

Chuyên Anh's little cor

like (sb) to do To prefer someone to do something. thích ai đó làm gì

like doing To enjoy an activity. thích làm gì

like it when To enjoy or appreciate a specific thích cái gì đó tại thời điểm nhất
situation. định

just like Similar to or exactly as something giống như

else.

anything/nothing like Describes a comparison where không giống

something is either very similar or
completely different.

it's not like sb to do To indicate that someone's behavior không giống ai đó làm gì
is unusual or unexpected.

like crazy/mad To a great extent or with great làm gì đó một cách điȃn cuồng
energy.

like so In this way or manner. như thế này

something like Approximately or similar to khoảng, gần giống

something.

NEED
need (sb) to do To require someone to perform cần ai đó làm gì
a task.

need do A less common form of saying cần làm

someone only needs to do a specific
action.

need doing Something that requires attention or cần được làm gì

action.

meet a need To fulfill or satisfy a requirement. đáp ứng nhu cầu

have no need of Not requiring something. không cần cái gì

in need (of) Requiring something, often help or

assistance. cần cái gì

3
4
5
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

OFF
have/take/be given the day off To not work for a day, either by có ngày nghỉ
choice or permission.

have/take/ be given time off To take a break from work or duties có thời gian nghỉ
for a period of time.

off work/college Not attending work or school. nghỉ làm/đại học

Chuyên Anh's little cor

off sick Not at work or school because of nghỉ ốm
illness.

OPT
opt for To choose or select something. chọn lựa

opt to do To choose to take a particular action.

chọn làm gì

OPTION
have no option (but to do) To be left with only one possible không có lựa chọn nào ngoài việc
choice.

consider your options To think carefully about the different xem xét các lựa chọn của bạn
possibilities available.

the option of doing The possibility or choice to do tùy chọn làm gì

something.

the option to do The possibility or right to take an tùy chọn để làm gì

action.

keep/leave your options open To avoid making a final decision

so that other possibilities remain giữ cho các tùy chọn của bạn mở
available.

PLAY
play against/for To compete with someone or
play on behalf of a team. thi đấu với/cho

play at To pretend or engage in an activity

without full commitment. giả vờ làm gì

play by yourself To engage in an activity chơi một mình

alone, without others.

play for time To deliberately delay an action to trì hoãn để kéo dài thời gian
gain more time.

3
4
6
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

play the fool To behave in a silly or foolish giả vờ ngốc nghếch

manner, often for attention.

play sth by ear To handle a situation as it unfolds, ứng biến

without a fixed plan.

at play Being active or influencing a đang diễn ra

situation.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

play down To minimize or downplay the
importance of something. giảm nhẹ (mức nghiȃm trọng)

PRAISE
praise sb for doing To express admiration or khen ngợi ai đó vì làm gì
approval for someone’s actions.

win/earn/deserve praise To receive or be worthy of

admiration for achievements. xứng đáng nhận lời khen

full of praise for Expressing a great deal of

admiration or approval. khen ngợi hết lời

in praise of Expressing admiration or approval of

someone or something. ca ngợi ai/cái gì

PREFER

prefer sth to To like something more than another

thing. thích cái gì hơn cái gì

prefer (sb) to do To want someone to do something thích ai đó làm gì hơn

rather than another action.

prefer doing To like one activity over another. thích làm gì hơn

would prefer (that) Used to express a preference for muốn rằng

how a situation should be handled.

would prefer it if To express that one would rather a thích nếu..

situation be a certain way.

REST

rest sth on/against To place something on or against a đặt cái gì lȃn/dựa vào
surface for support.

rest assured that To be confident or certain about hãy yȃn tȗm rằng
something.

3
4
7
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

take/have a rest (from) To stop working or take a break from nghỉ ngơi khỏi
something.

get some rest To sleep or relax in order to regain nghỉ ngơi một chút
energy.

come to rest To stop moving or to settle into a dừng lại

position.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

at rest Not moving or in a state of
relaxation. o trạng thái nghỉ

TASTE
develop/have a taste for To acquire a liking or appreciation dần dần thích cái gì
for something.

in good/bad taste To be in line with accepted có gu tốt/xấu

standards of behavior,
either acceptable (good
taste) or unacceptable (bad
taste).

sense of taste The ability to appreciate or discern gu thẩm mỹ

what is tasteful or appealing.

acquired taste Something that one comes to sở thích có được sau nhiều lần
appreciate only after experiencing it thử
multiple times.

WANT
want (sb) to do To desire or expect someone to muốn ai đó làm gì
do something.

want sth done To expect or require something to be muốn cái gì được làm
completed.

for want of Due to the lack of something. vì thiếu cái gì

WORD FORMATION:

Word Caľe Meaning Nghĩa

AVAILABLE
availability n The state of being able to be used or sự có sẵn
obtained.

unavailability n The state of not being available or sự không có sẵn

3
4
8
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

accessible.

unavailable adj Not able to be obtained, reached, or used. không có sẵn, không
thể tiếp cận

CHOOSE
chosen adj Selected from a group as the best or most được chọn
appropriate.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

choice n The act of selecting between two or more sự lựa chọn
options.

choosy adj Overly selective or particular in making kén chọn

choices.

DESIRE
desirable adj Worth having or wanting; attractive. đáng mong muốn

undesirable adj Not wanted or not welcome. không mong muốn

desirous⭐ adj Having or showing a strong desire for mong muốn

something.

desired adj Wanted or wished for. mong muốn

(un)desirably adv In a (not) attractive or wanted manner. (không) một cách

mong muốn

DO
overdo v To do something to an excessive degree. làm quá mức

outdo⭐ v To perform better than someone else. làm giỏi hơn

redo v To do something again, often to improve or làm lại

correct it.

undo v To reverse the effect of something or remove tháo gỡ, làm lại
it.

doing n The act of performing an action. việc làm

undoing n A cause of a person’s downfall or failure. nguyȃn nhȗn sụp đổ

doings n Actions, especially ones that are secretive or hành động

unusual.

wrongdoings⭐ n Illegal or dishonest behavior. hành vi sai trái

doable adj Possible to do or accomplish. có thể làm được

misdeed n A bad or illegal action. hành động sai trái

3
4
9
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

ENVY
enviable adj Arousing or likely to arouse envy; desirable. đáng ghen tị

unenviable⭐ adj Not desirable or attractive; difficult or không đáng ghen tị

unpleasant.

(un)enviably adv In a manner that (does not) causes envy. (không) một cách đáng
ghen tị

Chuyên Anh's little cor

envious adj Feeling or showing envy of others' ghen tị
possessions or qualities.

LEISURE
leisured adj Having ample free time and no need to work. nhàn rỗi

leisurely adv Done in a relaxed or unhurried manner. thong thả

MOTIVE
(de)motivated adj (Not) Having a strong reason to act or (thiếu) có động lực
accomplish something.

(de)motivator n Something that (decreases) increases a (yếu tố làm giảm) yếu tố

person’s motivation. thúc đẩy

(de)motivation n (A lack of) a reason or enthusiasm to (mất) động lực

accomplish something.

(de)motivating adj (Not) Inspiring or encouraging action. làm mất động lực/thúc đẩy

motivational adj Providing encouragement or motivation. mang tính thúc đẩy

motiveless adj Without a clear reason or purpose. không có động cơ

OBSESS
obsession n An unhealthy preoccupation with something sự ám ảnh
or someone.

obsessed adj Unable to stop thinking about something or bị ám ảnh

someone.

obsessive(ly) adv In an excessive or unhealthy manner. một cách ám ảnh

PLAY
replay v To play again, especially a recording or game. phát lại

overplay v To give too much emphasis or importance to nhấn mạnh quá mức
something.

downplay⭐ v To make something appear less important giảm nhẹ

than it is.

3
5
0
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

outplay⭐ v To perform better than an opponent in a chơi giỏi hơn

game or contest.

player n A person who participates in a game or người chơi

sport.

playful(ly) adj Full of fun and high spirits; in a lively or vui tươi
mischievous manner.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

unplayable adj Impossible to play or very difficult to handle không thể chơi được
(in sports).

PREFER
preference n A greater liking for one alternative over sự ưa thích
another.

preferable adj More desirable or suitable. thích hợp hơn

preferred adj Favored or liked better. được ưa chuộng

prerential⭐ adj Giving or showing an advantage to ưu đãi

someone or something.

preferably adv Ideally; if possible. tốt nhất là

PURSUE
pursuit⭐ n The act of trying to achieve something. sự theo đuổi

pursuer n Someone who is chasing or trying to catch người theo đuổi

something or someone.

pursuance n The act of carrying out or following sự thực hiện

something, such as a plan or goal.

RELAX
relaxation n The act of relaxing or being free from sự thư giãn
tension.

relaxing adj Making someone feel less stressed or tense. thư giãn

relaxed adj Free from tension or anxiety. thoải mái

REST
restlessness n The inability to stay still or calm due to sự bồn chồn
anxiety or boredom.

unrest⭐ n A state of dissatisfaction, disturbance, or bất ổn, lo nghĩ

agitation, often leading to protests or
rebellion.

3
5
1
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

restive adj Unable to stay still or silent due to bồn chồn

impatience or dissatisfaction.

restful(ly)⭐ adj, adv Providing or feeling calm, peace, or yȃn tĩnh

relaxation.

restless(ly)⭐ adj, adv Unable to relax or rest; with constant một cách bồn chồn
movement or activity.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

rested adj Feeling refreshed after having rested. cảm thấy khỏe khoắn

RHYTHM
rhythmic(al) adj Having a regular or repeated pattern of có nhịp điệu
movement or sound.

rhythmically adv In a manner that follows a regular pattern or một cách có nhịp điệu
rhythm.

SATISFY
dissatisfy v To fail to satisfy or meet expectations. làm thất vọng

(un)satisfactory adj (Not) acceptable or adequate; fulfilling (không) thỏa đáng

expectations or needs.

(dis)satisfied adj (Not) pleased or content with something. (không) hài lòng

(un)satisfying(ly) adj, adv (Not) providing fulfillment or pleasure. (không) thỏa mãn

satisfactorily adv In a way that is adequate or meets một cách thỏa đáng
expectations.

SELECT
deselect v To remove a selection or choice. bỏ chọn

selection n The action or fact of carefully choosing sự lựa chọn

something or someone.

selective(ly) adj, adv Relating to or involving the careful choice of có chọn lọc
something or someone.

SPORT
sportsman/woman/per n A man, woman, or person who participates in vận động viȃn
son sports.

sportsmanship n Fair and generous behavior or treatment of tinh thần thể thao
others in a sporting context.

sports n Physical activities involving skill and thể thao

competition.

(un)sportsmanlike adj (Not) fair, polite, and respectful behavior (không) có tinh thần thể

3
5
2
Chuyên Anh’s Little Corner

during sports or competition. thao

sporting adj Related to or characteristic of sports. thuộc về thể thao

sporty adj Fond of or good at sports; physically active. nǔng động

STIMULATE
stimulation n The act of encouraging something to develop sự kích thích
or become more active.

Chuyên Anh's little cor

stimulant

stimulus
n

n
A substance that raises levels of
physiological or nervous activity in the body.

Something that causes growth, activity, or

development.
chất kích thích

tác nhȗn kích thích

stimuli n Multiple things that cause growth, activity, or những tác nhȗn kích thích
development.

stimulating adj The students responded positively to visual kích thích

and auditory stimuli in the classroom.

stimulated adj Encouraging or arousing interest or bị kích thích

enthusiasm.

TEND

tendency n An inclination toward a particular type of xu hướng

behavior or characteristic.

tenacious adj Very determined and persistent. kiȃn trì

tenacity n The quality of being determined and sự kiȃn trì

persistent.

ZEAL
zealot n A person who is fanatical and người cuồng tín
uncompromising in pursuit of their beliefs.

zealous adj Showing great energy or enthusiasm in hǔng hái

pursuit of a cause or objective.

zealously adv In a way that shows great energy or một cách hǔng hái
enthusiasm.

3
5
3