Exponent Log [112 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 5] 24M.1.SL.TZ1.3

It is given that log10 a =
1

3
, where a > 0.

Find the value of

(a) log10 (
1
); [2]
a

(b) log1000 a. [3]

2. [Maximum mark: 15] 22N.1.SL.TZ0.8

Calculate the value of each of the following logarithms:

(a.i) log2
1
. [2]
16

(a.ii) log9 3. [2]

(a.iii) log√
3
81. [3]

It is given that logab a = 3, where a, b ∈ R , ab ≠ 1.

+

(b.i) Show that logab b = −2. [4]

(b.ii) Hence find the value of logab

3
√a
.
√b
[4]

3. [Maximum mark: 5] EXN.1.SL.TZ0.2

Solve the equation 2 ln x = ln 9 + 4. Give your answer in the
form x = pe
q
where p, q ∈ Z
+
. [5]
4. [Maximum mark: 7] 19M.1.AHL.TZ2.H_7
Solve the simultaneous equations

log26x = 1 + 2 log2y

1 + log6x = log6 (15y − 25). [7]

5. [Maximum mark: 5] 24M.1.AHL.TZ2.2

Solve 3 × 9x + 5 × 3x − 2 = 0. [5]

6. [Maximum mark: 17] EXN.2.SL.TZ0.9

The temperature T °C of water t minutes after being poured into a cup can be
modelled by T = T0e
−kt
where t ≥ 0 and T0, k are positive constants.

The water is initially boiling at 100 °C. When t = 10, the temperature of the
water is 70 °C.

(a) Show that T0 = 100. [1]

(b) Show that k =

1
ln
10
. [3]
10 7

(c) Find the temperature of the water when t = 15. [2]

(d) Sketch the graph of T versus t, clearly indicating any

asymptotes with their equations and stating the coordinates of
any points of intersection with the axes. [4]

(e) Find the time taken for the water to have a temperature of
50 °C. Give your answer correct to the nearest second. [4]

(f ) The model for the temperature of the water can also be

t

expressed in the form T = T0a 10

for t ≥ 0 and a is a

positive constant.
 Find the exact value of a. [3]

7. [Maximum mark: 14] 24N.1.SL.TZ1.8

The function f is defined as f (x) = log2 (8x), where x > 0.

(a) Find the value of

(a.i) f (2); [2]

(a.ii) f(
1
). [1]
8

(b) Find an expression for f −1(x). [4]

(c) Hence, or otherwise, find f −1(0). [1]

The graph of y = f (4x ) can

2
be obtained by translating and stretching the
graph of y = log2 x.

(d) Describe these two transformations specifying the order in

which they are to be applied. [6]

8. [Maximum mark: 12] 24M.2.SL.TZ1.7

3
Consider the function defined by f (x) =
2
x−2
e , 0 ≤ x ≤ 4.

(a) Show that the inverse function is given by

f
−1
(x) = 2 + ln (
2x

3
). [3]

The graphs of f and f −1 intersect at two points P and Q, as shown on the

following diagram.
 (b) Find PQ. [3]

The graph of f is reflected in the x-axis and then translated parallel to the y-axis
by 5 units in the positive direction to give the graph of a function g.

(c) Write down

(c.i) an expression for g(x); [2]

(c.ii) the domain of g. [1]

(d) Solve the equation f (x) = g(x). Give your answer in the
form x = a + ln b, where a, b ∈ Q. [3]

9. [Maximum mark: 5] 24N.2.SL.TZ1.6

Consider the function h(x) = log10 (3x
2
− rx + r − 2), where

x ∈ R.

Find the possible values of r. [5]

10. [Maximum mark: 6] 23M.1.SL.TZ1.5
Find the range of possible values of k such that e2x + ln x
k = 3e

has at least one real solution. [6]

11. [Maximum mark: 15] 22M.1.SL.TZ1.8

Consider the series ln x + p ln x +
1

3
ln x + …, where x ∈ R, x > 1

and p ∈ R, p ≠ 0.

Consider the case where the series is geometric.

(a.i) Show that p = ±

1
. [2]
√3

(a.ii) Given that p > 0 and S∞ = 3 + √ 3, find the value of x. [3]

Now consider the case where the series is arithmetic with common difference d.

(b.i) Show that p =

2
. [3]
3

(b.ii) Write down d in the form k ln x, where k ∈ Q. [1]

(b.iii) The sum of the first n terms of the series is −3 ln x.

Find the value of n. [6]

12. [Maximum mark: 6] 20N.1.SL.TZ0.T_12

Jean-Pierre jumps out of an airplane that is flying at constant altitude. Before
opening his parachute, he goes through a period of freefall.

Jean-Pierre’s vertical speed during the time of freefall, S , in m s−1, is modelled

by the following function.

−t
S(t) = K − 60(1. 2 ) , t ≥ 0
where t, is the number of seconds after he jumps out of the airplane, and K is a
constant. A sketch of Jean-Pierre’s vertical speed against time is shown below.

Jean-Pierre’s initial vertical speed is 0 m s−1.

(a) Find the value of K . [2]

(b) In the context of the model, state what the horizontal

asymptote represents. [1]

(c) Find Jean-Pierre’s vertical speed after 10 seconds. Give your

answer in km h
−1
. [3]

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