1.

WRITE A C ++ PROGRAM TO EXECUTE THE BASIC COMMANDS OF AN ARRAY

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

// Declare an array of 5 integers

int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

// Accessing and printing array elements

cout << "Array elements: ";

for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

cout << arr[i] << " ";

cout << endl;

// Modify an array element

arr[2] = 10; // Changing the third element to 10

// Print array after modification

cout << "Array after modification: ";

for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

cout << arr[i] << " ";

cout << endl;

// Find sum of array elements

int sum = 0;

for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

sum += arr[i];
 }

// Find average of array elements

double average = sum / 5.0;

// Print sum and average

cout << "Sum of array elements: " << sum << endl;

cout << "Average of array elements: " << average << endl;

return 0;

Output:

Array elements: 1 2 3 4 5

Array after modification: 1 2 10 4 5

Sum of array elements: 22

Average of array elements: 4.4

2.Write a C++ Program to create a Matrix and Perform the operations Addition ,Inverse, Transpose,and
multiplication operations.

#include <iostream>

#include <iomanip>

#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

// Function to display a matrix

void displayMatrix(double matrix[3][3], int rows, int cols) {

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {

cout << setw(5) << matrix[i][j] << " ";

}
 cout << endl;

// Function to add two matrices

void addMatrices(double matrix1[3][3], double matrix2[3][3], double result[3][3], int rows, int cols) {

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {

result[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j];

// Function to find the transpose of a matrix

void transposeMatrix(double matrix[3][3], double result[3][3], int rows, int cols) {

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {

result[j][i] = matrix[i][j];

// Function to calculate the determinant of a matrix

double determinant(double matrix[3][3], int n) {

double det = 0;

if (n == 2) {

det = matrix[0][0] * matrix[1][1] - matrix[0][1] * matrix[1][0];

} else if (n == 3) {

det = matrix[0][0] * (matrix[1][1] * matrix[2][2] - matrix[1][2] * matrix[2][1])

+ matrix[0][2] * (matrix[1][0] * matrix[2][1] - matrix[1][1] * matrix[2][0]);

return det;

// Function to find the inverse of a matrix

bool inverseMatrix(double matrix[3][3], double inverse[3][3], int n) {

double det = determinant(matrix, n);

if (det == 0) {

cout << "Inverse cannot be calculated as determinant is zero!" << endl;

return false;

double adjoint[3][3];

// Finding adjoint

adjoint[0][0] = matrix[1][1] * matrix[2][2] - matrix[1][2] * matrix[2][1];

adjoint[0][1] = -(matrix[1][0] * matrix[2][2] - matrix[1][2] * matrix[2][0]);

adjoint[0][2] = matrix[1][0] * matrix[2][1] - matrix[1][1] * matrix[2][0];

adjoint[1][0] = -(matrix[0][1] * matrix[2][2] - matrix[0][2] * matrix[2][1]);

adjoint[1][1] = matrix[0][0] * matrix[2][2] - matrix[0][2] * matrix[2][0];

adjoint[1][2] = -(matrix[0][0] * matrix[2][1] - matrix[0][1] * matrix[2][0]);

adjoint[2][0] = matrix[0][1] * matrix[1][2] - matrix[0][2] * matrix[1][1];

adjoint[2][1] = -(matrix[0][0] * matrix[1][2] - matrix[0][2] * matrix[1][0]);

adjoint[2][2] = matrix[0][0] * matrix[1][1] - matrix[0][1] * matrix[1][0];

// Finding inverse
 double invDet = 1.0 / det;

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {

inverse[i][j] = adjoint[i][j] * invDet;

return true;

// Function to multiply two matrices

void multiplyMatrices(double matrix1[3][3], double matrix2[3][3], double result[3][3], int rows, int cols)
{

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {

result[i][j] = 0;

for (int k = 0; k < cols; k++) {

result[i][j] += matrix1[i][k] * matrix2[k][j];

int main() {

// Define two 3x3 matrices

double matrix1[3][3] = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}};

double matrix2[3][3] = {{9, 8, 7}, {6, 5, 4}, {3, 2, 1}};

double result[3][3];

double inverse[3][3];
// Display matrices

cout << "Matrix 1: " << endl;

displayMatrix(matrix1, 3, 3);

cout << "Matrix 2: " << endl;

displayMatrix(matrix2, 3, 3);

// Matrix Addition

addMatrices(matrix1, matrix2, result, 3, 3);

cout << "\nMatrix Addition (Matrix1 + Matrix2): " << endl;

displayMatrix(result, 3, 3);

// Matrix Transpose

transposeMatrix(matrix1, result, 3, 3);

cout << "\nMatrix1 Transpose: " << endl;

displayMatrix(result, 3, 3);

// Matrix Inverse

if (inverseMatrix(matrix1, inverse, 3)) {

cout << "\nInverse of Matrix1: " << endl;

displayMatrix(inverse, 3, 3);

// Matrix Multiplication

multiplyMatrices(matrix1, matrix2, result, 3, 3);

cout << "\nMatrix Multiplication (Matrix1 * Matrix2): " << endl;

displayMatrix(result, 3, 3);

return 0;
}

Output:

Matrix 1:

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

Matrix 2:

9 8 7

6 5 4

3 2 1

Matrix Addition (Matrix1 + Matrix2):

10 10 10

10 10 10

10 10 10

Matrix1 Transpose:

1 4 7

2 5 8

3 6 9

Inverse of Matrix1:

Inverse cannot be calculated as determinant is zero!

Matrix Multiplication (Matrix1 * Matrix2):

30 24 18

84 69 54

138 114 90
3.Write a C ++ Program to execute the statistical function:mean,median,mode

#include <iostream>

#include <vector>

#include <algorithm>

#include <unordered_map>

using namespace std;

// Function to calculate mean

double mean(vector<int>& data) {

double sum = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {

sum += data[i];

return sum / data.size();

// Function to calculate median

double median(vector<int>& data) {

sort(data.begin(), data.end());

int n = data.size();

if (n % 2 == 0) {

return (data[n / 2 - 1] + data[n / 2]) / 2.0; // Average of two middle elements

} else {

return data[n / 2]; // Middle element

// Function to calculate mode

vector<int> mode(vector<int>& data) {

vector<int> result;

int maxFrequency = 0;

// Calculate frequency of each element

Output:

Enter the number of elements in the data set: 7

Enter the data elements: 1 2 2 3 3 3 4

Mean: 2.57143

Median: 3

Mode: 3

4. Write a C ++ Program to execute the statistical functions : Std deviation,Varience and covariance

#include <iostream>

#include <vector>

#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

// Function to calculate mean

double mean(const vector<double>& data) {

double sum = 0;

for (double num : data) {

sum += num;

return sum / data.size();

// Function to calculate variance

double variance(const vector<double>& data) {

double var = 0;

for (double num : data) {

var += pow(num - meanValue, 2);

return var / data.size(); // population variance

// Function to calculate standard deviation

double stdDeviation(const vector<double>& data) {

return sqrt(variance(data)); // Standard deviation is the square root of variance

// Function to calculate covariance between two datasets

double covariance(const vector<double>& data1, const vector<double>& data2) {

if (data1.size() != data2.size()) {

cout << "Datasets must have the same number of elements for covariance calculation!" << endl;

return -1;

double mean1 = mean(data1);

double mean2 = mean(data2);

double cov = 0;

for (size_t i = 0; i < data1.size(); ++i) {

cov += (data1[i] - mean1) * (data2[i] - mean2);

return cov / data1.size(); // population covariance

int main() {
// Input the data sets

vector<double> data1, data2;

int n;

cout << "Enter the number of elements in the data set: ";

cin >> n;

cout << "Enter the elements of the first dataset: ";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

double value;

cin >> value;

data1.push_back(value);

cout << "Enter the elements of the second dataset: ";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

double value;

cin >> value;

data2.push_back(value);

// Calculate Standard Deviation, Variance, and Covariance

double stdDev1 = stdDeviation(data1);

double variance1 = variance(data1);

double stdDev2 = stdDeviation(data2);

double variance2 = variance(data2);

double cov = covariance(data1, data2);

// Output the results

cout << "Standard Deviation: " << stdDev1 << endl;

cout << "Variance: " << variance1 << endl;

cout << "\nSecond Dataset Statistics:" << endl;

cout << "Standard Deviation: " << stdDev2 << endl;

cout << "Variance: " << variance2 << endl;

cout << "\nCovariance between the two datasets: " << cov << endl;

return 0;

Output:

Enter the number of elements in the data set: 5

Enter the elements of the first dataset: 1 2 3 4 5

Enter the elements of the second dataset: 5 4 3 2 1

First Dataset Statistics:

Standard Deviation: 1.41421

Variance: 2

Second Dataset Statistics:

Standard Deviation: 1.41421

Variance: 2

Covariance between the two datasets: -2

5 Write a C ++ Program to draw the skewness.

#include <iostream>

#include <vector>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

// Function to calculate mean

double mean(const vector<double>& data) {

double sum = 0;

for (double num : data) {

sum += num;

return sum / data.size();

// Function to calculate standard deviation

double standardDeviation(const vector<double>& data) {

double m = mean(data);

double sum = 0;

for (double num : data) {

sum += pow(num - m, 2);

return sqrt(sum / data.size());

// Function to calculate skewness

double skewness(const vector<double>& data) {

double m = mean(data);

double sd = standardDeviation(data);

double sum = 0;

for (double num : data) {

return (data.size() * sum) / ((data.size() - 1) * (data.size() - 2));

int main() {

vector<double> data;

int n;

cout << "Enter the number of data points: ";

cin >> n;

cout << "Enter the data points: ";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

double value;

cin >> value;

data.push_back(value);

double skew = skewness(data);

cout << "Skewness: " << skew << endl;

return 0;