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Screening Canadian Guidelines. 3

The document outlines cancer screening guidelines for various populations, emphasizing age-specific recommendations for colon, prostate, breast, cervical, ovarian, endometrial, lung cancers, and osteoporosis. It also details screening protocols based on family history and hereditary conditions. Additionally, it includes guidelines for sexually transmitted infections like chlamydia and gonorrhea for sexually active individuals under 30.

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Ifeoluwa Adewumi
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0 views

Screening Canadian Guidelines. 3

The document outlines cancer screening guidelines for various populations, emphasizing age-specific recommendations for colon, prostate, breast, cervical, ovarian, endometrial, lung cancers, and osteoporosis. It also details screening protocols based on family history and hereditary conditions. Additionally, it includes guidelines for sexually transmitted infections like chlamydia and gonorrhea for sexually active individuals under 30.

Uploaded by

Ifeoluwa Adewumi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Colon Cancer

- General Population:

Ages 50-74: Screen with fecal occult blood test (FOBT) or fecal immunochemical test
(FIT) every 2 years, or flexible sigmoidoscopy every 10 years.

Ages 75 and over: No routine screening recommended.

Colonoscopy: Not recommended as a screening test.

- Family History:

If you have a first-degree relative with colon cancer, start screening earlier, typically at
age 40 or 10 years younger than the age at which the relative was diagnosed,
whichever comes first. Colonoscopy is often recommended as the preferred screening
method.

- Hereditary Conditions:

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP): Individuals with FAP should begin


colonoscopy screening in their teenage years, typically around age 10-12, and continue
with annual colonoscopies due to the high risk of developing colorectal cancer.

Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome (JPS): Screening colonoscopy should start at about age
15. If polyps are found, repeat annually; if no polyps are found, repeat every 2-3 years.
The frequency may decrease after age 35 if no polyps are detected.

Lynch Syndrome (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer,


HNPCC): Screening should start at age 20-25, or 2-5 years earlier than the youngest
case in the family if it is diagnosed before age 25. Colonoscopy should be performed
every 1-2 years.

- Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s


Disease: Every 1-2 years after 8
years of symptoms' onset.
Prostate Cancer

General Population:

Do not screen with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test.

Family History:
The general recommendation against PSA screening still applies.

Breast Cancer
General Population:

Ages 40-49: Do not routinely screen with mammography; decision should be based on
individual values and preferences.

Ages 50-74: Screen with mammography every 2-3 years.

Family History:

Women with a family history of breast cancer, especially with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene
mutations, should start screening earlier and may need additional tests like MRI. The
exact age and frequency should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Cervical Cancer
General Population:

Ages <20-24: Do not screen.

Ages 25-69: Screen every 3 years.

Ages ≥70: Cease screening if adequately screened (3 successive negative Pap tests in
the last 10 years); otherwise, continue until 3 negative tests are obtained.

Family History:

The guidelines do not change based on family history.

Ovarian Cancer
General Population:

Screening is not recommended due to the high false-positive rate and lack of evidence
showing mortality benefit from screening.

Family History:

Women with a family history of ovarian cancer or genetic predispositions (e.g., BRCA
mutations) should discuss personalized screening options with their healthcare provider.
Endometrial Cancer
There are no specific guidelines.

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)

Men aged 65-80: One-time screening with ultrasound.

Men older than 80: Do not screen.

Women: Do not screen.

Family history does not alter this guideline.

Lung Cancer
Ages 55-74: For adults with at least a 30 pack-year smoking history who currently
smoke or quit less than 15 years ago, annual screening with low-dose computed
tomography (LDCT) is recommended for up to three consecutive years.

All other adults: screening is not recommended.

Chest X-ray (CXR): Not recommended for lung cancer screening, with or without sputum
cytology .

Osteoporosis Screening
General Population:

Women aged 65 and older: Bone Mineral Density (BMD) testing.

Men aged 70 and older: Bone Mineral Density (BMD) testing.

Younger Postmenopausal Women and Men aged 50-69: Screen if they have risk factors
such as a previous fracture, family history of osteoporosis, or other conditions that
increase fracture risk.

Risk Factors:

Previous fractures, family history of osteoporosis, and other conditions that increase
fracture risk.
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea
Screening:
Sexually active individuals under 30 years: Annual screening at primary care visits
using a self- or clinician-collected sample.

Individuals aged 30 and older: No routine screening recommended unless they


belong to a high-risk group.

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