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Timeline activity - Indian National Movement

The document outlines key events in the Indian National Movement, including the establishment of the Muslim League, the partition of Bengal, and various phases of nationalism, including the Gandhian phase and the Quit India Movement. It highlights the shift from pro-British sentiments to anti-British actions among Indians, culminating in India's independence and partition in 1947. The timeline also notes significant events such as the Lahore session of Congress and the formation of the Forward Bloc led by Subash Chandra Bose.

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9 views6 pages

Timeline activity - Indian National Movement

The document outlines key events in the Indian National Movement, including the establishment of the Muslim League, the partition of Bengal, and various phases of nationalism, including the Gandhian phase and the Quit India Movement. It highlights the shift from pro-British sentiments to anti-British actions among Indians, culminating in India's independence and partition in 1947. The timeline also notes significant events such as the Lahore session of Congress and the formation of the Forward Bloc led by Subash Chandra Bose.

Uploaded by

mihikapoduval
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Timeline Activity - The Indian National Movement

Read the text below each event carefully. Identify the


chronology of events and create a timeline in
chronological order.

1. The Lucknow session of Congress

The Pro-British attitude of the Muslims changed into


Anti-British. Large number of educated Muslims
started to support the Nationalist movement.

2. Establishment of the Muslim league.

The objectives were to promote a feeling of loyalty


among the Muslims towards the British government. To
protect and promote the political rights of the Muslims
and prevent hostilities towards other communities. It
was a league for the upper-class Muslims. It supported
the Partition of Bengal.
3. Partition of Bengal - East and West Bengal

The British pursued the policy of divide and rule. The


policy created a gap between Muslims and Hindus.

4. The Surat Split

The partition of Bengal briefly brought the early


nationalists and the assertive nationalists together. In
the Surat session of the Congress, there were
differences on the Swadeshi and the Boycott
movement. Hence, the early nationalists expelled the
assertive nationalist leaders from the Congress.

5. Assertive Nationalist phase

They had no faith in the British sense of justice. They


realised that the British interests clashed with the
Indians.
6. Early Nationalist phase
They believed that they were not ready to govern
themselves. They wanted to remain under British rule.

7. Gandhian phase

The emergence of Mahatma Gandhi who firmly believed


in Satyagraha (Truth and non-violence), non-violent and
peaceful methods. The non-violent methods consisted
of the non-cooperation movement with the British
government through peaceful demonstration, use of
Khadi, non-payment of the oppressive taxes by the
British, defiance of the unjust British laws, boycott of
British goods. He believed strongly in social justice and
Hindu-Muslim unity.
8. Civil disobedience movement

It was a form of non-cooperation which aimed to break


government laws. It was launched by Gandhiji. It
started with the breaking of the unjust salt tax and
the historic Dandi march (From Sabarmati Ashram to
Dandi) took place. The movement extended to the
refusal of paying other taxes, violation of laws and
boycotting of foreign goods. The government
suppressed the movement with brutality. Gandhi,
Nehru and other freedom fighters were arrested.

9. Lahore session of the Congress

It was led by Jawarhalal Nehru. The Congress passed a


resolution declaring Poorna Swaraj or complete
independence as its goal and it declared 26th January,
1930 as its independence day. The tricolour flag was
unfurled and people took the pledge of freedom. 26th
January was celebrated as the independence until India
achieved freedom in 1947. From 1950 onwards, 26th
January is celebrated as the Republic Day.
10. Indian independence and partition of India

The British declared that the powers would be


transferred to India by June 1948. Lord Mountbatten,
a new viceroy, arrived to prepare a plan to transfer the
power. He held discussions with several leaders.

Communal riots took place and the partition of India


and Pakistan was inevitable. The British parliament
passed the Independence act in July 1947. British rule
came to an end on 15th August, 1947.

11. Formation of the Forward Bloc.

Subash Chandra Bose resigned from the Congress and


formed a new party called the Forward Bloc. He
decided to go abroad, ally with the enemies of the
British and drive the British out of India. The
objectives of the Forward Bloc was to win freedom
without any delay, promote world peace and to rebuild
India on the principles of Socialism (equal distribution
of wealth). Subash Chandra Bose headed the Indian
National Army.

12. The Quit India Movement.


It was launched by Gandhiji emphasising od ‘Do or Die’
which meant ‘we shall either free India or die in the
attempt’. Freedom fighters were arrested. The
Congress was banned by the British and people were
fired upon.

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