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The Ultimate Guide To Strawberry Varieties Around The World

The document is a comprehensive guide to strawberry varieties worldwide, detailing their origins, species, and diverse characteristics such as size, color, and flavor. It explores different strawberry types by continent and climatic zones, as well as rare and heirloom cultivars. Additionally, it provides insights on growing strawberries and modern breeding practices aimed at improving disease resistance and flavor.

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magicgenetics
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4 views6 pages

The Ultimate Guide To Strawberry Varieties Around The World

The document is a comprehensive guide to strawberry varieties worldwide, detailing their origins, species, and diverse characteristics such as size, color, and flavor. It explores different strawberry types by continent and climatic zones, as well as rare and heirloom cultivars. Additionally, it provides insights on growing strawberries and modern breeding practices aimed at improving disease resistance and flavor.

Uploaded by

magicgenetics
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Ultimate Guide to Strawberry

Varieties Around the World


Exploring Origins, Climates, Sizes, Colors, and Rare
Types
Strawberries are one of the most beloved fruits on Earth — sweet, fragrant, and full of
cultural and horticultural diversity. But did you know that not all strawberries are red, or even
the same species? From tiny alpine berries in Europe to massive tropical cultivars and white
"pineberries" that taste like pineapple, the world of strawberries is much more colorful and
diverse than most people realize.

In this comprehensive guide, we will explore:

●​ The botanical origins and species of strawberries​

●​ Strawberry varieties by continent and climatic zone​

●​ Differences in size, shape, color, and flavor​

●​ Rare, heirloom, and modern cultivars​

●​ How and where to grow them​

🍓 Part 1: Origins and Botanical History


Modern cultivated strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa) are hybrids — descendants of two
wild species:

●​ Fragaria virginiana (North America) – small, flavorful, cold-hardy​

●​ Fragaria chiloensis (South America) – large, juicy, coastal adaptation​

They were first crossed in France around 1750, giving rise to the strawberry we now buy in
supermarkets. But this is just one part of the story.

Wild Species of Strawberry:


Species Origin Traits

F. vesca (Alpine) Europe, Asia Tiny, aromatic, shade-loving

F. virginiana North America Flavorful, small, cold-tolerant

F. chiloensis Chile/California Large fruit, soft skin, salt-tolerant

F. moschata Europe Musky flavor, rare


F. iinumae, F. nipponica Japan Rare, part of genetic studies

🌎 Part 2: Strawberries by Continent


🗺 Europe:
●​ Alpine strawberries (F. vesca): Wild or cultivated. Sweet, intense flavor.​

●​ Mara des Bois (France): Perpetual fruiting, floral aroma.​

●​ Senga Sengana (Germany): Cold-hardy, high-yielding.​

🗺 North America:
●​ Tristar, Seascape: Day-neutral types.​

●​ Sparkle: Classic American June-bearer.​

●​ Wild Virginiana: Used in breeding for cold tolerance.​

🗺 South America:
●​ Fragaria chiloensis: Found on Chilean coasts. One parent of modern strawberry.​

●​ Rare native cultivars still grown in Andean regions.​

🗺 Asia:
●​ Tochiotome (Japan): Commercial sweet strawberry.​

●​ Awayuki: Japanese white strawberry, high-end luxury fruit.​

●​ Cold-hardy wild types in Siberia and Hokkaido.​

🗺 Africa:
●​ Mostly grown in North Africa (Morocco, Egypt) for export.​

●​ Varieties adapted to heat: Camarosa, Festival.​


🗺 Australia:
●​ Popular varieties include Albion, Monterey.​

●​ Grown in Queensland and Victoria.​

🌡 Part 3: Strawberries by Climatic Zones


Zone Characteristics Recommended Varieties

Alpine Short season, frost-hardy, shady F. vesca, Rügen, Reine des


Vallées

Temperate Cool winters, warm summers Senga Sengana, Elsanta, Jewel

Subtropical Mild winters, long growing season Festival, Camarosa, Sweet


Charlie

Tropical Difficult but possible in shade, San Andreas, Albion,


elevation day-neutrals

Mediterranea Mild wet winters, hot dry summers Mara des Bois, Monterey,
n Chandler

🔍 Part 4: Strawberry Colors and What They Mean


🔴 Red – Classic
Most cultivated strawberries are red, but shades vary from pale pink to deep crimson
depending on anthocyanin concentration.

⚪ White
●​ Pineberry (white with red seeds): Cross of F. chiloensis types. Pineapple-like taste.​

●​ White Soul: Alpine strawberry. Delicate and aromatic.​

🟡 Yellow
●​ Rare Alpine types, like Yellow Wonder, are pale yellow.​

●​ Typically less acidic, with mild flavor.​


🟣 Purple / Black
●​ No truly black strawberries exist — "black" types like Dark Strawberry are just dark
burgundy.​

●​ Purple tones are rare and often a marketing term.​

📏 Part 5: Strawberry Sizes


Type Example Varieties Notes

Giant Albion, Chandler, Tochiotome Large fruit, common in markets

Medium Senga Sengana, Tristar Most garden strawberries

Mini F. vesca, Golden Alexandria Wild or alpine, intense flavor

🌸 Part 6: Unusual & Rare Strawberry Varieties


●​ Musk Strawberry (F. moschata) – European heirloom with perfume-like aroma​

●​ Awayuki (Snow Strawberry) – Luxury fruit in Japan, grown under strict conditions​

●​ Purple Wonder – Deep reddish-purple, compact plant​

●​ Pink Panda – Ornamental strawberry with pink flowers​

●​ Variegata – Rare foliage with white-pink variegation​

🌱 Part 7: Growing and Caring for Diverse Strawberries


●​ June-bearing types produce one large crop. Best for jam or freezing.​

●​ Everbearing produce two flushes (spring and fall).​

●​ Day-neutral produce all season long if temps stay between 10–30°C.​

Tips:
●​ Alpine and mini types are best in containers or shaded beds.​

●​ Tropical climates require raised beds and partial shade.​

●​ Use straw mulch to protect berries and retain moisture.​

🧬 Part 8: Breeding and Hybridization Today


Modern breeders focus on:

●​ Disease resistance (especially to Verticillium and Botrytis)​

●​ Flavor and texture​

●​ Shelf life​

●​ Color innovation​

Countries like Japan and the U.S. lead in creating commercial cultivars, while hobbyist
growers keep heirlooms alive.

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