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THE EYE

The document outlines the structure and function of various parts of the eye, including the sclera, cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and retina. It explains how the pupil size adjusts in response to different light intensities and describes the process of accommodation, where the lens changes shape to focus on near or distant objects. The eye's ability to control light entry and focus is crucial for proper vision.

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cherylzenda02
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4 views

THE EYE

The document outlines the structure and function of various parts of the eye, including the sclera, cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and retina. It explains how the pupil size adjusts in response to different light intensities and describes the process of accommodation, where the lens changes shape to focus on near or distant objects. The eye's ability to control light entry and focus is crucial for proper vision.

Uploaded by

cherylzenda02
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE EYE

Structure
Function of eye parts

Sclera - is the tough, white outer coating which protects the eye from mechanical damage. The front part of the
sclera is clear and allows light to enter the eye. This part is called the cornea.

Cornea – allows light to enter into the eye.

Aqueous & Vitreous humour – liquids which help to maintain the shape of the eye. They also ensure that light
travel in a straight line through them.

Iris – control the size of the pupil.

Pupil – a gap that allows light to enter into the eye.

Lens – it refracts (bend) light onto the retina.

Suspensory ligaments – attaches lens to ciliary muscle.

Ciliary muscle – controls the shape of the lens.

Retina – contains photoreceptors (which detect light)

Optic nerve – contains sensory and motor neurones to and fro the CNS. Also contains blood vessels to and from
the eye.

Blind spot – does not contain photoreceptors because that the site of the optic nerve.

Eye response to different light intensities

X shows the size of the pupil when there is a lot of light. The small pupil allows little light to enter into the eye
because too much light entering the eye will bleach the retina.

Y show the size of the pupil when there is little light e.g. in the dark. The large pupil allows the eye to gather as
much light as possible in the dark.

Control of pupil size is a reflex action.


Accommodation

Accommodation is when the lens change their shape so as to focus on near or distant objects.

When light from a near object reaches the eye it will be diverging therefore it requires a lot of refractive power to
be focused onto the retina. This is achieved by thick (more convex) lens.

When light from a distant object reaches the eye it will be parallel therefore it requires less refractive power to be
focused onto the retina. This is achieved by thin (less convex) lens.

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