TOPIC.

General Domains of Teaching Competence

A. Educational Foundations

Teachers should have a solid understanding of educational foundations-subjects and disciplines that
have important contribution to the understanding of education as a field of study and educational
processes. These subjects and disciplines are as follows: History of Education, Philosophy, Legal
Foundations of Education, Sociological and Anthropological Foundations of Education, and Educational
Psychology. Over the years, these disciplines and fields have contributed several theories, ideas, laws,
and principles to enrich education as a field of study. The following are some standards that teachers
need to know in the area of Educational Foundations:

1. Demonstrate understanding of the historical foundations of education, especially on Philippine

Literatures on the history of education would tell us that the Greeks, the Romans, the Egyptians, and
even the ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia, Persia, China, and other areas of the world have
contributed a lot in the development of educational ideas. In the Philippines, the educational system of
the pre-Spanish Filipinos, the Roman Catholic Church during the Spanish period and the Protestant
Churches, during the American Commonwealth, have contributed to the development of Philippine
education. The Americans also established the public school system in the country. There are many
other events in history that shaped our education system even to this day. Teachers need to learn,
reflect, and unlearn from history. They should develop critical minds and historical literacy to make
education more relevant and responsive to the needs of the people and communities.

2. Analyze educational philosophies, theories, and researches on education. Teachers should learn how
to analyze and interpret different educational philosophies. Educational philosophies serve as a guide in
making any curricular and instructional decisions. They also influence the beliefs and behaviors of
teachers as well as shape their personalities, teaching styles, and values.

Teachers also need to understand the different educational theories and apply and interpret them in
teaching. These theories guide teachers in engaging students in meaningful learning. They provide
alternative solutions and explanations to educational issues and concerns. In the same manner, teachers
need to be updated with latest researches in the field of education and from allied
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5. Enrolling in graduate and post graduate education courses. Teachers should

enroll in graduate and postgraduate courses not for promotion purposes but to improve their
knowledge and skills. There are currently several graduate schools in the country that are diploma mills-
that is, they do not offer quality graduate and postgraduate education. Teachers should be encouraged
to take graduate courses in recognized centers of excellence. Their thesis and diploma should determine
their expertise and specialization in their chosen fields.Remember this: Teacher's Reflection

Teachers need to develop a certain degree of expertise on different domains to perform all their duties
and responsibilities in the school and in the whole education system effectively.

Educational Foundations Teachers need to understand how educational foundations, like psychology,
philosophy, sociology, history, and legal studies, influence the educational process of teaching and
learning.

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Learning Environment - Teachers need to create a learning environment that is conducive, safe,
enjoyable, and appropriate for every learner.

Diversity of Learners - Teachers need to realize that learners have different needs, learning styles,
abilities, talents, and types of motivation. They also have different socioeconomic
backgrounds.Curriculum and Instruction Teachers need to have a high level of content knowledge and
pedagogical knowledge.

Community Linkages -Teachers need to link with parents, community leaders, and other stakeholders to
rally support for quality education.

Assessment and Evaluation Teachers need to know the different types of assessment tools can be used
to evaluate students' learning progress.

School Leadership - Teachers need to perform several duties in the school that require leadership,
decision-making, and critical thinking.

Professional Growth - Teachers need to grow professionally and be a part of a professional community.
Classroom Management -Teachers need to manage the students' behavior in the classroom.

Topic: General Domains of Teaching Competence

Content Knowledge and Pedagogy

Learning Environment

Personal Growth and Professional Development

7 DOMAINS OF TEACHING EXCELLENCE

Diversity of Learners

Community Linkages and Professional Engagement

Assessment and Reporting

Curriculum and Planning

The content of the National Competency-Based Teacher Standards (NCBTS, 2007), as a national program
of the DepEd, CHED, and the Teacher Education Council (TEC), identified necessary competencies that all
teachers should possess. These competencies are considered in developing curriculum standards for
pre-service and in-service teacher education in the country.Table 1. CHED-TEC-DepEd National
Competency-Based Teacher Standards

Domains

Strands
1. Social Regard for Learning

Acts as a positive role model for students

2. Learning Environment

Creates an environment that promotes fairness

Makes the physical environment safe and conducive to learning

Communicates higher learning expectations to each learner

Establishes and maintains consistent standards of learners' behavior

3.

Diversity of Learners

Is familiar with learners' background knowledge and experiences

4. Curriculum

Demonstrates concern for holistic development of learners

Demonstrates mastery of the subject matter

Communicates clear learning goals that are appropriate for learners

Makes good use of allotted instructional time

5. Planning, Assessing, and Reporting

Communicates the progress of the learners promptly and clearly to them as well as to their parents and
superiors

Develops and uses a variety of appropriate assessment strategies to monitor and evaluate learning

Monitors regularly and provides feedback on learners' understanding of content

6. Community Linkages

7.

Establishes a learning environment that responds to the aspirations of the community

Personal Growth and Professional Development

Takes pride in the nobility of teaching as a profession

Builds professional links with colleagues to enrich teaching practice

Reflects on the extent of the attainment of learning goals

Source: DepEd Order no. 47 s. 2017

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Career Stage 4: Distinguished Teachers

a. Embody the highest standard for teaching grounded in global best practices

b. Exhibit exceptional capacity to improve their teaching practice and that of others

C. Are recognized as leaders in education, contributors to the profession, and initiators of collaborations
and partnerships

d. Create lifelong impact in the lives of colleagues, students, and others

e. Consistently seek professional advancement and relevance in pursuit of teaching quality and
excellence

f. Exhibit commitment to inspire the education community and stakeholders for the improvement of
education provision in the Philippines

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Remember this: Teacher's Reflection

Teachers are considered professionals. They need to perform their teaching duties based on the
standards set by the government for all professional teachers. In the Philippines, there are seven
domains of teaching excellence that constitute the professional standards of teachers in the country:

Content Knowledge and Pedagogy - Teachers must have mastery or expertise in the subjects and
courses they teach. They should also have excellent pedagogical skills to teach different subjects and
courses.

Learning Environment-Teachers need to maintain a healthy emotional and physical environment for
learners.

Diversity of Learners - Teachers need to understand and respect the individual differences of learners.
Curriculum and Planning-Teachers are curriculum and instructional leaders in their schools. They help
implement the curriculum and plan appropriate instruction for the learners.

Assessment and Reporting Teachers need to use various assessments that are appropriate for measuring
the success of every learning outcome. They also need to know how to communicate the result of
assessment effectively to improve learning and motivate the learners in their studies.

Community Linkages and Professional Engagement -Teachers should act as social agents that advocate
positive changes in society through education.

Personal Growth and Professional Development -Teachers are encouraged to grow professionally and
personally by attending seminars, trainings, conferences, and establishing linkages with other educators
to update their curriculum knowledge and pedagogical skills. They are also encouraged to enroll in
graduate programs to broaden their knowledge in the teaching profession.