Showing

the world it
is possible
Impact Report 2023/2024
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 2

Showing the World it is possible���������������������� 3 Green shipping corridors

“Demonstrating what the
maritime future could look like”�����������������26
What will it take to decarbonize
the maritime industry?�������������������������������������������� 5
Life cycle assessments
“Enabling an alternative fuel market”������29
Success stories

Regulation & Policy

Ship design “There will be no transition
"Bringing the new technologies without regulation”����������������������������������������������31
into reality"����������������������������������������������������������������14
Impact stats�����������������������������������������������������������������33
Ammonia safety
“Enabling the use of ammonia as
a marine fuel”���������������������������������������������������������� 17

Katalist – a book and

claim platform for maritime
“Offering the willing an opportunity to
move faster”������������������������������������������������������������20

Techno-economic modeling
“Fueling the transition with trustworthy
data and insights”�����������������������������������������������23
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 3

Showing the world

it’s possible
By Bo Cerup-Simonsen, CEO

Shipping is a testament to human ingenuity – it’s a global

system of over 100,000 commercial vessels that
embodies effective, reliable, global collaboration.1 The
global maritime industry is the backbone of over 80%
of international trade and we will continue to depend
on shipping for a connected world and future growth. 2
However, something must change to take shipping more
sustainably into the next centuries of trade.

The global commercial fleet consumes around

300 million tonnes of fossil fuels every year, making
the shipping sector account for around 3% of global
greenhouse gas emissions. Curtailing maritime
emissions requires a transition to more sustainable
practices – including adoption of new technologies,
unprecedented investments, and firm regulatory support
across multiple industries in the maritime ecosystem.
The industry is already taking important early steps.
However, keeping the well-to-wake net-zero target within
reach by 2050 requires further maturation, scaling, and
acceleration of transformation activities.

"Something must change to take

shipping more sustainably into
the next centuries of trade."

The Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Center for Zero

Carbon Shipping (MMMCZCS) was established
in 2020 with a mission to be an independent and
significant not-for-profit driver of sustainable maritime
decarbonization. With our extensive partner network,
and in coordination with other leading stakeholders

1
https://www.weforum.org/stories/2021/10/global-shortagof-shipping-containers/
2
https://unctad.org/publication/review-maritime-transport-2021
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 4

in the maritime ecosystem, we generate and freely This report provides examples of the Center’s impact
disseminate knowledge and encourage public and and progress over the past two years. Key activity data
private sectors to act. provides a transparent view of Center performance,
while a set of case success stories showcases
Our unique capacity for generating impact within our approach and ways of working. It is not easy to
the maritime sector rests on our credibility as a source of capture and describe the full depth and complexity of
decarbonization knowledge, insights, and guidance. Our everything we have accomplished in one report, but
unique features include: we hope it will inspire readers to visit our website www.
zerocarbonshipping.com for more information, or to
- Expertise: We apply multi-disciplinarity and develop reach out to us on [email protected] to
science-based evidence and methods when building engage a conversation on the topic of relevance.
the case for decarbonization action.
- Objectivity: We operate independently of any We look forward to hearing from you,
government or industry interests and provide
unbiased recommendations for decarbonization for Bo Cerup-Simonsen.
the greater good.
- Reputation: Our independence, the quality of our
work, and our strong partnerships with respected
entities position us as a valued and trusted advisor to
key stakeholders.

The Center has achieved support from partners across

the ecosystem and has become a collaboration platform
for the needed industry transition. We apply our deep
technical knowledge to cross-disciplinary development
of policies, business frameworks, concrete concepts
and standards, and other necessary building blocks for
decarbonization. By combining an overarching systemic
view on transition pathways with tangible solutions, we
enable industry-wide adoption of scalable, sustainable
solutions in close collaboration with decision-makers in
public and private sectors.
What will it take to
decarbonize the
maritime industry?
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 6

The global maritime industry’s goal to reach net-zero GHG emissions by or before 2050 is an ambitious yet necessary
goal to avoid a global temperature increase beyond 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.3 The details and precise timing
of this transition, however, could follow several different scenarios. In the Center’s annual Maritime Transition Compass
analysis (Figure 1), we examine the present status of specific transition drivers and the relationships among them. In
this way, the Maritime Transition Compass highlights the short and long-term gaps to show what is needed to progress
maritime decarbonization.

From where we stand today, maritime stakeholders need to act now to ensure that the following target outcomes across
four key drivers are in place by the mid-2030s:

Regulation Technology &

and policy infrastructure
Enforceable regulations and policies Vessel and engine technologies are
adequately incentivize the transition compatible with decarbonization solutions
from economic, technical, and – including energy efficiency levers – and
safety perspectives. available at scale. Sufficient port and fuel
bunker infrastructure is available to support
the use of sustainable maritime fuels and
sustainable energy, and alternative fuels are
available in sufficient quantities.

Market
A strong end-customer pull
exists for green/decarbonized
offerings, and funding and Adoption
financing mechanisms exist to
drive development and uptake of Maritime players have the capabilities
decarbonization solutions. and mindset needed to adopt
decarbonization solutions at scale.

Results from the Maritime Transition Compass and input from partners and key industry stakeholders inform our work
programs to ensure we always address the most urgent challenges, and leverage the Center’s unique capabilities for
maximum impact and acceleration of the transition.

During 2025, the Maritime Transition Compass will be made available to the public on the Center’s website, allowing
everyone to obtain guidance from the Center’s assessment of transition progress and relevant next steps.

https://wwwcdn.imo.org/localresources/en/OurWork/Environment/Documents/annex/MEPC%2080/Annex%2015.pdf
3 
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 7

Figure 1: Transition drivers and urgency according to the Center’s 2024 Maritime Transition Compass analysis.

Enforceable There is a strong Funding Vessel Sufficient port Sustainable Maritime

regulation and end-customer and financing and engine and fuel bunker energy & fuels players have
policies are pull for green / are available for technologies infrastructure are available at the requisite
in place to decarbonized decarbonization compatible with is available to scale capabilities,
incentivize the offerings solutions decarbonization support use of mindset shifts
transition shift solutions are sustainable and behavior
(economic, available at scale maritime fuels changes in
technical & place to adopt
safety) decarbonization
levers

Regulation & policy Market Market Technology & Technology & Technology & Adoption &
infrastructure infrastructure infrastructure capabilities

Urgency level High urgency Medium urgency – some areas of high urgency Lower urgency – but continuous traction needed No immediate focus needed

Our work programs

The Center’s four multi-disciplinary work programs aim “Transform the Energy System” program focuses on
to accelerate progress across a strategic selection of producing and activating knowledge to address energy
the transition drivers. production roadblocks and opportunities, and to build
confidence in both the operational and technological
Reduce Fleet Energy Demand fleet solutions needed for decarbonization at scale.

It will be challenging to achieve zero-carbon shipping Catalyze Ecosystem Transition

if the industry’s energy demand continues to grow.
Building on the technical knowledge base of the Center We use green shipping corridors as a demonstration
and our partners, projects within the “Reduce Fleet concept to accelerate sustainable deployment of
Energy Demand” program develop operational, alternative fuels by first movers. Green corridor
commercial, and regulatory measures to reduce projects provide the knowledge needed for replication
energy consumption in shipping. We focus on aligning elsewhere in the ecosystem. While each green corridor
industry incentives to reduce energy demand, helping represents a fraction of global emissions, the overall
stakeholders to realize available financial savings goal of this program is to demonstrate feasibility and
and creating favorable conditions for the necessary best practices in zero-carbon shipping. In doing so,
behavior changes. we inspire an increasing number of actors to establish
their own green corridors together with relevant
Transform the Energy System stakeholders.

The energy that drives maritime transportation is

currently supplied largely by burning conventional
fossil-based fuels. To reach net-zero emissions,
industry needs to replace these fuels with sustainable
forms of energy. To support this transition, our
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 8

Advance the Transition at Scale

Demonstration projects can help get the ball rolling,

but we also need to ensure that decarbonization scales
across the maritime sector. Our “Advance the Transition
at Scale” program targets solutions that will drive
widespread adoption of decarbonization initiatives by
identifying the most impactful global initiatives and by
influencing authorities and commercial stakeholders.
This program works to jump-start an industry paradigm
shift and pave the way to a sustainable maritime value
chain.

It’s important to note that the Center itself does not

develop new technologies, build vessels, produce
any fuels, or enforce regulations. Instead, we work
as an accelerator of a maritime green transition that
heavily depends on the actions of the thousands of
stakeholders involved. In everything we do, therefore,
we seek to inform and mobilize those who hold
the mandate to act, invest, adopt, and demonstrate real
climate action.

Figure 2: Center work programs.

Reduce fleet Transform the Catalyze the Advance the

energy demand energy system ecosystem transition transition at scale

- Influence regulatory design - Enable scalable supply of - Demonstrate viability of - Drive adoption of
and policy making to sustainable maritime fuels sustainable solutions in just sustainable solutions within
accelerate behavior change and equitable Green the maritime value chain,
- Develop vessel and Corridors including interim solutions
- Develop frameworks to operational solutions for
resolve systemic sustainable fuels and - Empower others to act with - Support and influence policy
collaboration challenges low-emission technologies Green Corridors through and initiatives to drive
knowledge and blueprints decarbonization at scale
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 9

Our Partners
A systemic transition requires collective action – no Our partners number over 100 companies and
single player can do this alone. At the Center, we organizations from across the maritime value chain.
acknowledge that new alliances and cross-sectoral Collectively, they represent the enablers of the maritime
collaboration will be fundamental to the successful transition needed to holistically address drivers and
decarbonization of the maritime industry. gaps highlighted by our Maritime Transition Compass.

Figure 3: Center partners are divided into four categories: Strategic, Knowledge, Academic Partners, and
Mission Ambassadors.

23 Strategic Partners

17 Knowledge Partners
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 10

4 Academic Partners

66 Mission Ambassadors
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 11

The Center’s collaborative nature is clearly reflected

in an open-sharing partner model, where partner
companies second employees to the Center’s office in
Copenhagen. Here, the secondees work side by side
across competing companies to develop solutions that
will benefit the entire industry. This model is unique to
the Center and truly shows each partner’s dedication
and desire to make a difference, not only to their own
company but to the entire industry.

Four years after establishing the Center, we have

a strong network of dedicated partners spanning
geographies, competencies, sectors, and segments
that all share the same mission: to show the world that
it really is possible to decarbonize the maritime industry
by 2050.
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 12

How we
select projects
Strategic fit: Everything we do aims
to close an identified transition gap or
accelerate the pace of transition

Center uniqueness: We focus our work

where we can leverage our credibility,
expertise, and objectivity

Advocacy effect: Our work seeks to inform

and inspire influential decision-makers with
the power to act to accelerate the transition

Figure 4: Maritime ecosystem.

Market marker Debt provider

Local Port Bunkering

storage storage Regulatory measures

Port logistics Cargo Financing and

and bunkering regulation

Fuel production Vessels End consumers

Feedstock A​ Alternative Emission

Incl.
logistic fuel engines reduction
and onboard technologies
Fuel storage and energy
Production​ efficiency
Feedstock B​ levers
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 13

Figure 5: Center impact is exemplified in seven case stories covering all selected, strategic areas in our work programs.

Turning new technologies into reality

The Center contributes to fleet renewal by proposing novel
vessel designs and retrofitting guidance that integrate
innovative solutions and new technologies.

Reduce Fleet
Energy Demand
Demonstrating what the maritime future could look like
The Center has developed a framework that provides
a systematic, structured, and phased approach to establishing
green shipping corridors around the world

Catalyze Ecosystem
Transition

Fueling the transition

with trustworthy data
and insights
Transform The Center’s work rests
on a solid foundation
the Energy System
of industry data and
Enabling ammonia knowledge provided by
as a marine fuel our partners, our subject
The Center works across matter experts, and other
disciplines to address credible sources
critical safety risks and
support the qualification Science-driven
of low-carbon ammonia and data-based
as an alternative approach
maritime fuel.

Enabling an alternative Advance

fuel market
Transition at Scale
The Center
has developed “No transition without regulation”
a methodology for The Center actively participates in
making lifecycle the processes of shaping new regulation
assessments (LCA) of and policies.
marine fuels.

Offering the willing an

opportunity to move faster
The Center and US-based thinktank RMI have
launched Katalist, a book and claim platform
for shipping.
Ship design
Turning new
technologies
into reality
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 15

Figure 6: NoGAPS – Nordic Green Ammonia Powered Ships (gas carrier/illustrative).

The average life span of a commercial vessel is between All ship designs created by the Center are made publicly
25 and 30 years, meaning that ships built today will still available to inform the dialogue between shipowners
be sailing in 2050, when we need the fleet to be fully and shipyards looking to retrofit or build new ships. This
decarbonized. Yet, the current newbuilding order book is particularly helpful for small and mid-sized shipowners
indicates that 49% of the vessels on order will be built without the in-house expertise to develop such designs
with engines that run solely on conventional fossil fuels.4 themselves.

This calls for:

1. New ship designs that are energy efficient and
ready to adopt alternative marine fuels as they
mature and become more widely accepted Specific
and available.
2. Retrofitting fossil-fueled vessels so they can run on
examples of
alternative marine fuels. Center ship
The Center contributes to fleet renewal by proposing design projects:
novel vessel designs and retrofitting guidance that
integrate innovative solutions and new technologies.
The knowledge obtained helps build confidence in Overview of concept designs that have
new, alternative fuel types. It strengthens investment received AiP:
cases. It builds baselines for safety acceptance
when considering new power sources. And it outlines - NoGAPS – Nordic Green Ammonia
the requirements for robust regulation. Powered Ships (gas carrier)
- 15,000 TEU ammonia-fueled
During 2023 and 2024, we were involved in several container vessel
exciting vessel design projects with a wide selection - Ammonia-fueled container feeder vessel
of partners. Most of these ship designs have received - Preparation design of conversion of
approval in principle (AiP) – the first approval step a tanker vessel to green fuels
provided by shipping class societies.

4
https://www.dnv.com/maritime/publications/maritime-forecast/
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 16

Recommended reading on this topic:

1
Emerging Ship Design Principles
for Ammonia-Fueled Vessels
Critical component in enabling an ammonia fuel pathway.
Informed the creation of interim guidelines for ammonia ship
design in the International Maritime Organization (IMO).

2 Tackling Methane Slip in Shipping

Increasing awareness around important requirements with
equipment manufacturers and regulatory bodies to prevent
methane slips onboard vessels

3
Nordic Green Ammonia Powered
Ships (NoGAPS)
The NoGAPS project involves producing an initial ship
design that will lay the foundation for a shipyard tender and
the potential construction of the vessel.
Ammonia safety
Enabling the
use of ammonia as
a marine fuel
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 18

Center analysis confirms ammonia as a central part of roundtable. At the roundtable, stakeholders exchange
the future alternative fuel mix for maritime. Ammonia the latest learnings, identify the challenges ahead, and
is already one of the most produced chemicals in initiate joint projects to further pave the way for the safe
the world and widely transported as a commodity deployment of ammonia as fuel.
(fertilizer). However, the shift to using ammonia as a fuel
aboard vessels introduces new challenges. Ammonia is Finally, the Center also drives key industry projects
highly toxic, and leaks are potentially lethal.5 Addressing that aim to demonstrate the safe use of ammonia
the safety challenges of ammonia as a marine fuel is, as a marine fuel both on board vessels and
therefore, critical to realizing its potential to decarbonize when bunkering.
shipping at scale.

The Center works across disciplines to address critical

safety risks and support the qualification of ammonia
as an alternative maritime fuel. Together with multiple
partners, we have published designs for safe storage
and usage of ammonia onboard vessels, as well as
guidelines for bunkering of ammonia in ports, where
the risk of leaks is substantial. Finally, we have addressed
human factors related to safe operations aboard
Areas where
the vessel. the Center contributes
to enabling ammonia
"Addressing the safety challenges
as a fuel:
of ammonia as a marine fuel is,
Inherently safer design of
therefore, critical to realizing its ammonia-fueled vessels
potential to decarbonize shipping
at scale." Bunkering operations and
demonstrators

Safe onboard operations

Building on this work, the Center has contributed to Competence and training of seafarer
the IMO’s interim guidelines for the safety of ships using and shore personnel
ammonia as fuel, which were approved by the IMO
bodies in 2024. Industry acceptance of ammonia fuel

In addition to publishing insights and guidance, Facilitating dialogue among leading

the Center also gathers key enablers (ammonia enablers of ammonia as a fuel
producers, shipping companies, class societies, and
other relevant players) for an annual ammonia safety

5
 ttps://www.emsa.europa.eu/publications/item/5264-study-investigating-the-
h
safety-of-ammonia-as-fuel-on-ships.html
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 19

Recommended reading on this topic:

1
Ammonia as a fuel –
Competencies and training
Implementation of ammonia as a maritime fuel presents hazards
such as toxicity, material incompatibility, and fire/explosion risks.
Seafarers and others across the shipping industry will require
new skills, competencies and training to manage the safety risks
associated with ammonia as fuel.

2 Investigating Maritime Community

Perceptions of Ammonia as a Marine Fuel
The survey covers responses from over 2,000 respondents
across the maritime community who share their opinions,
concerns, and suggested ways forward using ammonia as
a marine fuel.

3
Recommendations for Design and
Operation of Ammonia-Fueled Vessels
Based on Multi-Disciplinary Risk Analysis
Mitigating risks to crew safety related to handling ammonia as
fuel onboard is a key enabler of the ammonia fuel pathway.
Katalist – a book and claim
platform for maritime

Offering the willing

an opportunity to
move faster
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 21

Figure 7: Katalist – a Maritime Book and Claim system.

Freight customers looking to lower their

emissions, but unable to access vessels
using Sustainable Marine Fuel, must report Freight customers can purchase emission
fossil fuel emissions savings from vessels using Sustainable
Marine Fuel, even if their cargo isn’t
transported on these vessels

Carriers outside the value chain using

Sustainable Marine Fuel book these ships’
voyage and fuel information and transfer
them to freight customers through Katalist

Freight customers can claim the benefits

of these emission savings in their
reporting.Carriers and freight customers
share the cost and benefits of Sustainable
Marine Fuel use, sending a clear demand
signal for more low emission transport

While regulations that will drive decarbonization in For example, the ship could be a tanker vessel sailing
the maritime industry are maturing, the pace of progress on biofuels between the Gulf of Mexico and Rotterdam,
is a challenge for the many companies aiming to move where the fuel is available, but customers might
faster than these regulations to meet their 2030 and not be ready to pay the premium for low-emissions
2040 decarbonization targets. In 2024, to support such transport. Meanwhile, the cargo owner could be a shoe
early movers, the MMMCZCS and US-based thinktank manufacturer exporting goods from Southeast Asia to
RMI launched Katalist, a book and claim platform for Los Angeles on board hundreds of different vessels, with
shipping.6 no guarantee that alternative fuels will be used.

Katalist bridges the gap between shipping companies Katalist can connect these parties through an online
using low-emissions fuels today and freight customers registry, enabling customers to claim the environmental
who want to reduce emissions in their value chain. benefits of low-emissions transport without physically
receiving them, while stimulating overall use of
low-emissions fuels.

6
 ook and claim refers to a system where the buyer 'books' a specific quantity of verified sustainable transportation and then 'claims' the emissions reduction toward their
B
sustainability targets.
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 22

How does
it work?

This allows freight customers to take back control of their emissions, as they get credible, auditable, and aligned
documentation for sustainable transportation through a transparent single platform. They no longer need to navigate
different sustainable shipping offerings from individual shipping companies. Instead, customers now have a one-stop shop
where all types of low-emissions shipping are translated into the same units of guaranteed emissions reduction.

Throughout 2023 and 2024, we partnered with RMI to educate the industry on the concept of book and claim, which is novel
to shipping. In November 2024, we launched the Katalist platform. The Katalist software and rules of engagement have
been developed and tested with 29 companies to ensure robust and relevant solutions. The Zero Emission Maritime Buyers
Alliance (ZEMBA) has chosen Katalist as the platform of choice for its request for tenders on decarbonized transportation,
demonstrating industry confidence in this solution.

Would you like to know more?

1 Get more information and the latest news about maritime

book and claim at www.katalist.eco

2 Read the Center’s publication on

Maritime Book and Claim
Techno-economic modeling

Fueling decision-
makers with
trustworthy transition
analytics and insights
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 24

The Center’s work rests on a solid foundation of

industry data and knowledge provided by our partners,
our subject matter experts, and other credible sources.
This data allows us to model future decarbonization
scenarios in detail and derive valuable and credible
transition insights. We openly share our models, results,
and insights via Center publications, at conferences,
and on our website.

Figure 8: Fuel Maturity Pathways.

Fuel storage, Onboard energy

Feedstock Fuel Onboard safety Vessel Regulation &
logistics & storage & fuel
availability production & operations emissions certification
bunkering conversion

e-ammonia

Blue ammonia

e-methanol

Bio-methanol

e-methane

Bio-methane

Bio-oils

e-diesel

Bio-diesel

Solutions are enabled and Solutions exist, but further Solutions are not fully
ready to scale development is needed developed or lack specification

Key examples of data-driven tools created by The map provides an assessment of key parameters
the Center include: such as scalability, sustainability, technology
development, and regulatory acceptance.
Assessments are regularly updated by Center experts.
Fuel Pathway Maturity Map – The Fuel Pathway Maturity Map offers intuitive,
unbiased, and clear information on a complex topic,
unbiased readiness assessments
and is used by a wide range of stakeholders.

Decarbonization requires multiple sustainable fuel

pathways, and enabling these new pathways relies on
developments throughout the value chain. With the Fuel Would you like to
Pathway Maturity Map, the Center offers an interactive
overview of the current value chain readiness for those
know more?
sustainable fuels that we expect to be most important Link to Fuel Maturity Map
in decarbonizing the maritime sector by 2050.
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 25

NavigaTE – the backbone of Fuel Cost Calculator

Center analyses
All shipping companies face bespoke transition
journeys. The right fleet transition strategy depends on
NavigaTE is a simulation model that projects how the type, size, and age of the fleet, as well as numerous
the global fleet and shipping operations may evolve other parameters. The common denominator, however,
under various conditions. We developed NavigaTE, is cost. In fact, one of the major challenges the maritime
which informs most of the Center’s analyses, to provide industry faces is the absence of reliable third-party fuel
insights into shipping’s transition towards net-zero cost estimates.
emissions.
To help mitigate this challenge, the Center has
The NavigaTE model simulates the development developed the Fuel Cost Calculator, an interactive
of the global fleet and operations by imitating tool available for free on our website. The tool allows
the industry’s decision-making on newbuilding, users to calculate the bottom-up production costs
retrofitting, fueling, and the operation of vessels. By of sustainable maritime fuels and benchmark these
tracking these decisions, the model can estimate against fossil fuels. These unbiased insights enable
whether and how decarbonization is likely to play out fuel producers, financiers, and off-takers to assess fuel
under a given set of economic, technological, and options on a like-for-like basis.
regulatory conditions. Furthermore, the model can be
used to quantify the transition impact of, for example, The Fuel Cost Calculator is built on the Center's set
novel technologies, regulatory levers, fuel availability of assumptions provided by our in-house experts and
constraints, and associated timing. derived from a blend of public literature, extensive
industry knowledge, and expert insights.
The NavigaTE model covers shipping’s entire value
chain, from fuel feedstocks to vessel operations. This
end-to-end view allows the model to indicate which
parts of the value chain may be bottlenecks and, Would you like to
therefore, are likely to determine the pace of transition. know more?
Visit the Fuel Cost Calculator
NavigaTE is shared openly with Center partners on the Center’s website
and for academic purposes, and is being used, for
example, in a research project by the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology (MIT). We are currently maturing
the model’s structure and documentation to make it
openly available to a wider public audience.

Would you like to

know more?
Read the Center’s publication
on NAvigaTE here
 image to approve - needs grading

Green shipping corridors

Demonstrating
what the
maritime future
could look like
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 27

e l
Fu
e l
H2 Fu
el
Fu
n Sto H2
u ctio rag
e
Sto
rag
rod e
yP
erg
En

/ Network corridor

/ Point-to-point corridor
Single-point corridor
Bunkering at port
Port of call

Sto
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H2

Changing an entire industry requires someone to be

willing to lead the way, acting before it makes sense "From the earliest phase,
from a commercial or market-driven perspective. In
the Center’s green corridors
the maritime industry, some of these forward-looking
first movers from across the entire value chain come
methodology has focused on driving
together in green shipping corridor projects to a just and equitable transition."
demonstrate what decarbonized shipping looks like in
reality. These projects aim to deliver real decarbonized
transportation between selected ports or in a network
of ports. In the process, green corridor projects help the world. Projects using the methodology can be
to test new solutions and prototype the collaboration initiated by a fuel producer, a port, a shipowner,
and financing required to make decarbonized shipping a government, or a cargo owner.
happen.
Funding green shipping corridors remains a key
A key challenge in this early stage of the transition challenge, as these demonstration projects take place
is funding the cost gap between conventional fossil in a premature market with no immediate return on
fuels and sustainable alternatives in a premature investment. The Center is leading two of the most
market, where regulation has not evened out the cost advanced green corridor projects in the world, and
difference. Two of the most advanced green corridor both focus on solving this systemic funding issue
projects in the world are led by the Center. Both focus by developing models that leverage both public and
on solving this systemic funding issue by developing private funding solutions.
models that leverage both public and private funding
solutions. From the earliest phase, the Center’s green corridors
methodology has focused on driving a just and
We have developed and published a green corridors equitable transition. The methodology is widely
maturation methodology based on learnings from applicable to all regions around the world. Green
the projects we run. This framework provides a phased corridor projects are possible in all economies,
approach to establishing green corridors around thanks to the methodology’s focus on both public
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 28

and private funding solutions, which can be combined

with the potential benefits derived from contributing
to alternative fuel supply chains, independent of
the current fossil grid.

Eventually, green corridors will be replaced by

appropriate regulations that will incentivize the use of
alternative fuels. Until these regulations are in place,
the corridors provide accelerated development of
the solutions and models required for the industry to
move ahead.

Green corridor highlights from the Center 2023 to 2024

Chile Namibia
One of the most advanced green corridor projects Pre-feasibility study is complete. Exploring options
in the world. Pre-feasibility and feasibility studies for alternative fuel production (ammonia) and
are complete, and the next stage is maturing mapping relevant ports.
towards financing and implementation. Includes
several projects, from decarbonized salmon Americas
production to the export of copper and ammonia Several projects including export of dry-bulk cargo
from Chile. to South Korea and Japan from the Gulf of Mexico,
assessing development of a fuel hub in Tacoma/
South Korea to US West Coast Seattle/Vancouver, and decarbonizing cruise lines
Fast-maturing feasibility study looking to provide in Alaska to enable compliance with the Federal
zero-emissions transportation for the South Clean Air Act.
Korean auto industry.

1 QR code to Methodologies
on Center website

2 QR code to publication on Just and

Equitable Green Corridors
 image to approve - needs grading

Life cycle assessments

Enabling an
alternative fuel
market
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 30

Ninety-three percent of the global fleet currently runs The Center is currently implementing our LCA
on traditional fossil-based fuel oils.7 To successfully methodology, confirming that LCA can be applied
decarbonize shipping, the future fuel mix will depend in a shipping context – a task that, for many, had
on the maturation of several low- or zero-emissions previously seemed too complex or academic. By
fuel pathways to cover the demand.8 However, fuels applying LCA, the industry can reap the benefits of
can vary widely in the level of greenhouse gas savings increased transparency of emissions across fuel
they can deliver, and so shipowners or operators production and onboard consumption.
can find it very difficult to select a fuel for their future
fleet. As a result, the industry needs a consistent and HIF Global, one of the world’s largest hydrogen and
transparent method for comparing greenhouse gas Power-to-X fuel producers, has now integrated our
emissions from each alternative fuel type. methodology into its project development process,
enabling the company to serve the maritime industry
To meet this need, the Center has developed with its fuels.
a methodology for making lifecycle assessments (LCA)
of marine fuels. This methodology enables harmonized,

The Mærsk Mc-Kinney

end-to-end analysis of emissions from ‘well to wake’ –
meaning from the initial feedstock source through fuel
production, fuel distribution, bunkering of the fuel onto Møller Center for Zero
the vessels, and ultimately to fuel combustion on board
the vessel.
Carbon Shipping has
developed a Life Cycle
With our LCA methodology, users can assess
the energy and consumables that the fuel value chain
Assessment (LCA)
requires, helping fuel producers to document their fuel’s methodology that:
emissions profile in a maritime context. Center experts
estimate that fuel producers can fast track their LCA Enables end-to-end assessment
analysis by up to a year through using the Center’s of greenhouse gas emissions from
methodology instead of creating their own. alternative marine fuels

Harmonizes the landscape of future

"Because we do not incentivize marine fuels by making their performance
a particular fuel or technology, we comparable
can create a level playing field for
Enables fuel producers to future-proof
maritime decision-makers to take their alternative marine fuel supply chain
guidance from." by indicating areas for targeted mitigation
of emissions

Our independent status means that the Center is Reduces decision-making risks for
uniquely positioned to build such a methodology. fuel producers and regulators wanting
Because we do not incentivize a particular fuel or to stimulate the establishment of an
technology, we can create a level playing field for alternative maritime fuel market
maritime decision-makers to take guidance from.
The Center’s wide network also ensures robust
assumptions across all relevant parts of the value chain
– something that can be difficult for the individual fuel
producers to obtain. Would you like to
know more?
QR code to LCA Methodology
7
" Energy Efficiency of Ships - Report of fuel oil consumption data submitted
to the IMO Ship Fuel Oil Consumption Database in GISIS (Reporting year: 2023)"
on Center website
(MEPC 82/6/38).
8
https://www.zerocarbonshipping.com/fuel-pathways/
 image to approve - needs grading

Regulations and policies

No transition
without regulation
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 32

Unlike other global industries, the maritime industry has Globally: International Maritime Organization (IMO)
the advantage of being regulated centrally in the IMO,
a specialized agency of the United Nations. Centralized - Presentations at the IMO supporting the creation of
regulation is an advantage when you want to incentivize a robust 2023 IMO GHG Strategy.
new ways of operating under equal terms across - Extensive support to regions and countries on
the entire sector. The IMO is responsible for measures shaping their position for the IMO GHG Strategy.
to improve the safety and security of international - Guidance on data collection and reporting – helping
shipping and to prevent pollution from ships.9 In July to ensure that over 30,000 ships now report fuel
2023, the IMO adopted the 2023 IMO Strategy on consumption data at the highest level of granularity.
Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships - Papers submitted to propose the development of
(the IMO GHG Strategy). The IMO GHG Strategy a sustainable marine fuel certification framework
represents a framework for the 176 IMO member (the IMO Certification Framework) at the IMO, which
states, setting out the future vision for international will be crucial to the implementation of the IMO
shipping and including further candidate mid- and net-zero framework.
long-term measures with possible timelines.10 - Expert advice on energy efficiency topics that has
been largely adopted by the IMO. This strengthens
The IMO GHG Strategy includes: new and existing regulations that accelerate
the uptake of energy efficiency technologies across
- an enhanced common ambition to reach net-zero the global fleet.
GHG emissions from international shipping by or - Advice to the IMO on safe ship design, safe onboard
around 2050; handling, and related training needs for seafarers on
- a commitment to ensure uptake of alternative ammonia-fueled vessels – addressing safety as one
zero- and near-zero-GHG fuels by 2030; of the major barriers for the ammonia fuel pathway.
- indicative checkpoints for international shipping to - Participation in workshops at the IMO on
reduce total annual GHG emissions compared to redistribution of the revenue of a potential CO₂ tax,
2008 levels for 2030 (by at least 20%, striving for LCA, and fuel certification.
30%) and 2040 (by at least 70%, striving for 80%).
Regionally
The IMO GHG Strategy also aims to see the carbon
intensity of international shipping reduced by at least - Industry guidance on maximizing opportunities from
40% compared to 2008 levels by 2030. The new level FuelEU Maritime (an EU regulation limiting the GHG
of ambition is linked to the industry’s uptake of zero intensity of energy used aboard vessels that call
or near-zero-GHG emission technologies, fuels, and/ into the EU) in collaboration with the European
or energy sources. These solutions should represent Commission’s Directorate-General for Mobility and
at least 5% (striving for 10%) of the energy used by Transport (DG MOVE) and the European Maritime
international shipping by 2030.11 Safety Agency (EMSA).
- Dialogue with the European Commission to advise on
The Center actively participates in the processes of the technical implementation of FuelEU Maritime.
shaping new regulations and policies. Our independent
status and subject matter expertise across multiple
techno-economic areas, as well as world-class
techno-economic analysis capabilities, make us
trusted advisors to regulators and policymakers. Our
research results have directly impacted relevant global
regulations with the IMO, as well as regionally (especially
in the EU and the US), and at national levels with
governments around the world.

Examples of how the Center has contributed to

developing regulations and policies during 2023 and
2024 include:
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 33

Impact stats
Funding

Founder:
USD 106,000,000
Strategic partner in-kind:
USD raised for maritime decarbonization USD 24,000,000
through Center lifetime Strategic partner cash:
USD 10,000,000
Mission ambassadors:
USD 1,000,000

USD projects funded by external partners through lifetime USD 3,000,000

% of raised USD re-invested in maritime decarbonization 100%

Projects funded by
8
external partners

Total funding raised for the decarbonization of shipping USD 144,000,000

Productivity

Hours spent on research and development projects 2023: 2024:

in 2023 and 2024 by employees and secondees 71,005 hours 94,793 hours

Projects completed 77

Projects ongoing 77
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 34

2023: 2024:
Publications
20 16

2023: 2024:
Unique visitors viewing publications
25,443 34,671

2023: 2024:
Publication downloads
4,479 9,793

Countdown to FuelEU
Receivers: 9,015
Avg. open rate: 57%
Newsletters
Mid-Term Measures
Receivers: 9,511
Avg. open rate: 69%

2023: 2024:
8 6
Webinars held
Registrations: Registrations:
2,997 3,685

2023: 2024:
Webinar participants
1,898 2,361

2023: 2024:
Webinar attendance rate
63% 64%

Papers submitted to IMO 13

Pre-feasibility:
Finalized: 6
Center green corridors
Ongoing/planned: 5
Feasibility: 13

Center deliverables to the ecosystem – ship design Ship designs: 3

and functions Ship design functions: 4

Partners

Partner satisfaction
7,5 out of 10
survey results

Partner coverage of
5,000 commercial vessels (5%)
world fleet
Showing the World it is Possible Impact Report 2023/2024 Page 35

Partner coverage of 300 million gross tonnage (gt)

world tonnage 360 million deadweight tonnage (dwt)

Partner coverage of
2.5%
world energy production

2023: 2024:
Presentations at external conferences and events
100+ 100+

2023: 2024:
Events participated in
87 70

External participants at
588
Partner Accelerate Summit

Presentations at Partner
41
Accelerate Summit

Walking the talk

2023: 2024:
Center GHG emissions,
8.8 tons 5,8 tons
Scope 1 and 2

2023: 2024:
Center GHG emissions,
124.5 tons 298,3 tonnes
Scope 3

Center employees
159
and secondees

Nationalities at the Center 33

Employees: Secondees:
Gender diversity at the Center Female: 47% Female: 32%
Male: 53% Male: 68%

Transparency on funding
100%
allocation and sourcing
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Shipping. All Rights Reserved. Any publication, display or reference (in whole or in
part) of or to this report, shall be made conditional on inclusion of a reference to the
Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Center for Zero Carbon Shipping.