ET51/TC51

USN 1 M S
(Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to VTU)
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Govt. of Karnataka)

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SUPPLEMENTARY SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS – JULY 2023

B.E:- Electronics and
Program : Semester : V
Telecommunication Engineering
Course Name : Digital Signal Processing Max. Marks : 100
Course Code : ET51 / TC51 Duration : 3 Hrs

Instructions to the Candidates:

 Answer one full question from each unit.

UNIT – I
1. a) State and prove the following DFT properties: CO1 (06)
i) Parseval’s theorem ii) multiplication in time.
b) For the given sequences 𝑥1 (𝑛) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (
2𝜋𝑛
); 𝑥 2 (𝑛) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (
2𝜋𝑛
);0 ≤ 𝑛 ≤ 𝑁 − 1, CO1 (06)
𝑁 𝑁
compute (i) cross correlation of 𝑥1 (𝑛)&𝑥2 (𝑛) (ii) auto correlation of 𝑥1 (𝑛)
(iii) auto correlation of 𝑥2 (𝑛).
c) Compute the convolution of the sequences x(n) and h(n) given below CO1 (08)
using overlap-add fast convolution technique using 4 point DFT.
x(n)={1,2,0,-3,4,2,-1,1} & h(n)={-1,1}.

2. a) State and prove the following DFT properties: CO1 (06)

i) circular time reeversal ii) circular time shift.
b) Compute the DFT of x (n) = (1, 2, 3, 4) using matrix method. Find the CO1 (06)
DFT of x1(n) = (1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0, 4, 0) using minimum number of
operations.
c) Let x(n) = (1,2,1,3,2,2,3,0,1,0,2,2) and h(n) = (1,-1). Find their CO1 (08)
convolution using over-lap save method using 5 point DFT.

UNIT – II
3. a) Find the IDFT of the following frequency outputs using DIF - FFT CO1 (08)
algorithm, given:
X(k) = {4, 1 − j2.414, 0, 1 − j0.414, 0, 1 + j0.414, 0, 1 + j2.414}
b) Describe the method used for generating Chirp-z transform. CO1 (06)
c) Compute X(2) of the 4 point sequence x(n) = (-1)n , 0 ≤ 𝑛 ≤ 3 using CO1 (06)
Goertzel algorithm.

4. a) Compute 4-point circular convolution of the 2 sequences given below CO1 (08)
using radix 2 DIF - FFT method. x1 (n)={1,2,-1,2}, x2(n)={1,2,-3,1}.
b) Obtain the block diagram the I order and II-order Geortzel filter. How it is CO1 (06)
advantageous when compared to FFT algorithms?
c) Develop the FFT algorithm by using DIF approach for computing N-point CO1 (06)
DFT of a length –N sequence x(n). Illustrate for N= 8.

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 ET51/TC51
UNIT – III
5. a) Design a digital filter H(z) that when used in an A/D – H(z) – D/A CO2, (08)
structure gives an equivalent analog filter with following specifications: CO5
(i) Passband ripple: ≤ 3.01 dB.
(ii) Passband edge: 500 Hz.
(iii) Stopband attenuation: ≥ 15 dB.
(iv) Stopband edge: 750 Hz.
(v) Sampling rate: 2 KHz.
The filter is to be designed by performing a bilinear transformation on an
analog transfer function. Use Butterworth prototype and obtain difference
equation realization.
1
Cosh−1 ( )
b) For Chebyshev filter, show that N ≥ d
1 CO2 (06)
Cosh−1 ( )
K
Where ‘d’ is the discriminination factor and ‘K’ is the selectivity factor.
c) What is the order N of an analog Chebyshev filter that has a PB from 0 to CO2, (06)
200 Hz with an acceptable PB ripple of 1dB and monotonic SB which is CO5
down atleast 40dB and beyond 250 Hz. Repeat for a Butterworth filter and
compare the orders. What conclusion can you make?

6. a) Derive an expression for bilinear transformation for the design of digital CO2 (08)
filters and discuss its properties.
b) Design a chebyshev 1 filter by using impulse invariant transformation for CO2, (06)
the following specifications: CO5
0.8 ≤| H(ejω )| ≤ 1 0 ≤|ω|≤ 0.2 𝜋;
|H(ejω )| ≤ 0.2; 0.6 𝜋 ≤|ω|≤ 𝜋
c) A digital lowpass filter is required to meet the following specificatons: CO2, (06)
(i) Passband ripple: ≤ 1 dB. CO5
(ii) Passband edge:4 KHz.
(iii) Stopband attenuation: ≥ 40 dB.
(iv) Stopband edge: 6 KHz.
(v) Sampling rate: 24 KHz
The filter is to be designed by performing bilinear transformation on an
analog system function. Determine the order of Butterworth and
Chebyshev type I analog designs that must be used to meet the
specifications in digital implementation.

UNIT- IV
7. a) An FIR filter is specified by its unit sample response given by: CO4 (06)
1 1 1
ℎ(𝑛) = − 𝛿(𝑛 + 1) + 𝛿(𝑛)- 𝛿(𝑛 − 1)
3 2 3
i) Is it a linear phase filter? Why or why not?
ii) Is it a causal filter? Why or why not?
iii) Is it a LPF? Explain.

b) Derive an expression for the impulse response and frequency response of CO4 (06)
a digital FIR differentiator.
c) Design a Low Pass digital filter to be used in a A/D - H(z) - D/A structure CO4, (08)
that will have a -3dB cutoff @ 30π rad/sec and an attenuation of 50dB CO5
@ 45π rad/sec. Filter is required to have a linear phase in the PB and
system uses a sampling rate of 100 samples/sec.

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 ET51/TC51
8. a) Derive an expression for the impulse response and frequency response of CO4 (06)
a Hilbert transformers.

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b) Determine the filter coefficients h(n) obtained by sampling 𝐻𝑑 (𝜔) given by CO4. (06)
𝑒 −𝑗3𝜔 ; |𝜔| < 𝜋⁄2 CO5
𝐻𝑑 (𝜔) = {
0 ; 𝜋⁄2 < |𝜔| < 𝜋
Also obtain the frequency response H(𝜔)
c) Specifications of bandpass filter are given below: CO4, (08)
|H(ejω )|≤ 0.01; 0 ≤|ω|≤ 0.2𝜋 CO5
0.95 ≤| H(ejω )| ≤1.05; 0.3 𝜋 ≤|ω|≤ 0.7 𝜋;
|H(ejω )| ≤ 0.02; 0.8 𝜋 ≤|ω|≤ 𝜋
Design an FIR filter to meet the specifications given above using Kaiser
window.

UNIT – V
9. a) Discuss direct form-I and direct form-II realizations of an IIR filters. CO4 (06)
b) Determine the coefficients 𝑘𝑚 of the lattice filter corresponding to FIR filter CO4, (06)
described by the system function: CO5
1
𝐻(𝑧) = 1 + 2𝑧 −1 + 𝑧 −2
3
Also draw the corresponding second-order lattice structure.
c) Consider a second order LTI system described by the difference equation, CO4, (08)
1 CO5
𝑦(𝑛) = 𝑥(𝑛) + 𝑦(𝑛 − 2)
16
(i) Determine the unit sample response h(n) of the system.
(ii) Determine the direct form – II, parallel form and cascade form
realizations of the system.
(iii) Find an expression for the frequency of the system.

10. a) Derive & draw the realization for an FIR filter having linear phase for both CO4 (06)
N odd and even.
b) Draw cascade realization in terms of quadratic sections for the Transfer CO4 (06)
Function given below:
8(z − 0.2)(z 2 − 0.313z + 1.3161)
H(z) =
(z − 0.25)(z 2 − z + 0.5)
c) Let the coefficients of a three-stage FIR lattice structure be CO4, (08)
1 1
𝑘1 = , 𝑘2 = 0.6 and 𝑘3 = − 0.7 & 𝑘4 = . Find the coefficients of the direct CO5
2 3
form-1 FIR filter and draw its block diagram.

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