History
History
The Portuguese were the first European to enter in Bihar. Hooghly was
the first place in the region where the Portuguese established their factory in
1579-80 when Emperor Akbar gave permission to a Portuguese captain Pedro
Tavares.
The Dutch company established their factory in Northern part of Patna
college in 1632.
The French established their warehouse at Patna in 1734.
The Danish built a factory at Nepali Kothi (Patna) to process Saltpetre in
1774.
The east India Company established their factory in 1620 at Alamganj
in Patna for the trade of saltpetre. In 1651 the company established a
factory in Gulzar Bagh.
Bihar organisations
1913 सचिंद्र नाथ सान्याल ने 1913 में पटना में अनुशीलन समिति की एक शाखा की
स्थापना की। बीएन कॉलेज के बंकिमचंद्र मित्र को संगठन का नेतृत्व करने के लिए
जिम्मेदारियां दी गयीं।
1930 Patna swadeshi Committee in patna , pres- ali imam against chowki
dari tax
Nangi hadtal in chapra jail demanding swadeshi dress
6 april 1930 was chosen date of salt satyagrah in Bihar
1931 bihar socialist party by ganga sharan sinha, ram vriksh beni puri,
ramanand mishra, Abdul Bari, phulon prasad verma, Begusarai Golikand
1932 united political party by zamindars to suppress peasants.
1934 Aupcharik sthapna in anjuman islamia hall Bihar socialist party,
pres-acharya narendra dev, secretary jp narayan
1936 akhil bhartiya kisan sabha , pres- sahaj anand sarswati,
mahasachiv- NG ranga
Triveni sangh- n p mehta, jagdev singh, shiv pujan singh (Yadav, Kurmi
and other OBC)
Bakasht Andolan at Munger
1938 Momin congress by abdul kayyum ansari,
Adivasi Mahasabha by Theodor surin
1939 Ambari satyagrah by rahul sankrityayan (Father of Hindi
travelogue, Ganga meri Jeevan yatra, Madhya Asia ka itihas etc.)
1940 forward block in bihar, patna by Shilbhadra yachi
Individual Satyagrah: 1st satygrahi- Krishna singh, 2nd – Anugrah
Narayan Sinha
Gauri Shankar singh did satyagrah from Gaya, Shyam Narayan Singh from
Silao.
Kisan Andolan
1918 UP kisan sabha by Gauri Shankar Mishra & Indra Narayan Dwivedi
supported by Madan Mohan Malviya
Swami Vidyanand led cultivators in Darbhanga,Madhubani, Bihar
against zamindars during non- cooperation movement.
A kisan sabha at Hilsa organised by Jagannath Pathak on 27 oct 1920
under presidentship of shah gafoor.
A kisan sabha at munger led by muhammad zubair sri krishna singh
Bihar provincial kisan sabha in sonpur 1929 formed by sahajanand
saraswati (wrote hunkar journal) to mobilise peasant grievances against
zamindar
In action, 1932 zamindars formed United Political party to supress
peasants.
In 1936, All india Kisan sabha was formed at Lucknow.
In Bihar, peasant movement was led by Sahajanad Saraswati and his
followers Pandit Yamuna Karjee, Rahul sanskrityayan and others.
A hindi weekly HUnkar from Bihar in 1940 by followers Pandit Yamuna
Karjee & Rahul sanskrityayan. Hunkar became mouthpiece of peasant
movement and Agrarian movement.
NEWSPAPER-
1874 bihar bandhu, hindi
1890 sarva hitaishi, 1st daily Hindi
1875 english, The bihar herald, guru prasad sen
1876 1st urdu, ara, urul anwar by mhmd hashim
1881patna indian chronical
1903 bihar times, patna
1906 the bihari
1918 searchlight editor saiyad haider hussain
The searchlight newspaper by syed Hasan imam. On death of Tilak, this
newpaper published an article ‘Bihar is Mourning’.
1924 patna times by mohammad yunus
1931 the indian nation by kameshwar singh, darbhanga
Literature:
India struggle for freedom by J.P. Narayan, Sampadak- Yusuf Mehrally
Ambika kant singh & Jagdish Narayan- Yuvak patrika
India for indians- cr das
Poverty and in british rule by dada bhai naroji
EDUCATION -
Nalanda- kumar gupta
Vikramashila, odantpuri(1st principal- shantarakshit)- dharampal
Rajaram mohan rai learnt parsi from patna
Vidyapati(mithila)- kirtimala, kirti pataka
Western education- 1833 , Bentinck ,lord Macaulay planning.
1835 patna, school
1847 st joseph girls
CULTURAL REFORMS
Raja Ram Mohan rai in patna for Parsi language
1866 brahma samaj by krishna nandan ghosh in Bhagalpur
1872 Bihar Scientific society by Imdad Ali Khan in Muzaffarpur
1885 aryasamaj kanapur
1891 Khudabaksh Library
1894 theosophical society, shri Krishna singh secretary from 1919-23
1917 jamate-ullemah- Hind, Maulana mohhamad sajjad
1920 ramkrishna mission jamshedpur
1921 Imarte Shariah, Md sajjad, phulwarisharif