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Lesson 4

Gay-Lussac's Law states that the temperature and pressure of a gas are directly proportional when volume is constant. The document provides sample problems illustrating this law, including calculations for pressure changes at different temperatures and real-world applications such as aerosol cans and pressure cookers. It emphasizes the importance of converting temperatures to Kelvin for accurate calculations.

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3 views

Lesson 4

Gay-Lussac's Law states that the temperature and pressure of a gas are directly proportional when volume is constant. The document provides sample problems illustrating this law, including calculations for pressure changes at different temperatures and real-world applications such as aerosol cans and pressure cookers. It emphasizes the importance of converting temperatures to Kelvin for accurate calculations.

Uploaded by

2082444
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 4: Gay-Lussac’s Law 596,300 psi • K P 2 (293.

15 K)
=
Temperature and Pressure 293.15 K 293.15 K

Gay-Lussac’s Law, named after Joseph Louis 2034psi = P2


Gay-Lussac, states that the temperature and
Sample Problem #2:
pressure of gas are directly proportional to each
other, provided that the volume remains At 10°C, a gas exerts 0.95atm of pressure. At
constant. what temperature (in Celsius) will it exerts a
pressure of 0.75atm?
Since temperature and pressure are directly
proportional, this means that as temperature Given:
increases, pressure increases. Also, as
temperature decreases, pressure decreases. P1 = 0.95atm

T 1 = 10°C + 273.15K = 283.15K

P2 = 0.75atm

T2 =

Required to find:T 2

Equation:
P1 P2
Units of Pressure: =
1 atm = 760 torr T1 T 2
1 atm = 101325 Pa
Solution:
1 atm = 760 mmHg
0.95 atm 0.75 atm
Units of Temperature: =
283.15 K T2
°C = (°F – 32) / 1.8
°F = (°C X 1.8 ) + 32 (283.15 K )(0.75 atm)
K = °C + 273.15 T2 =
0.95 atm
Note: For the purposes of gas laws, the standard
212.37 K • atm
unit for temperature is the Kelvin. It is suggested T2 =
to convert all temperatures to Kelvin at the 0.95 atm
beginning of a problem. T 2 = 223.54K
Convert Kelvin to Celsius:
Sample Problem #1:
223.54K – 273.15 = 49.6 °C
A canister of nitrogen gas has a pressure of 2000
T 2 = 49.6 °C
psi (pounds per square inch) at 20°C. What will
the pressure be if you increase the temperature to Sample Problem #3:
25°C?
A 30.0 L sample of nitrogen gas inside a rigid,
Given: metal container at 20.0 °C is placed inside an
oven whose temperature is 50.0 °C. The pressure
P1 = 2000 psi
inside the container at 20.0 °C was at 3.00 atm.
T 1 = 20°C + 273.15K = 293.15K What is the pressure of the nitrogen after its
temperature is increased to 50.0 °C?
P2 =

T 2 = 25°C + 273.15K = 298.15K

Required to find: P2

Equation:
P1 P2
=
T1 T 2
Solution:

2000 psi P2
=
293.15 K 298.15 K
they are directly proportional as Gay Lussac
imposed. By increasing the temperature of the
system, we increase the pressure of the gas.
When the pressure of the gas exceeds the elastic
capability of the tire, the tire explodes. This
phenomenon expresses Gay Lussac's Law of
Temperature and Pressure.

Answer: Aerosol Cans


P2 = 3.31 atm An aerosol can is another example of an
The final pressure of the nitrogen sample is 3.31 application of Gay Lussac's Law. When it is
atm. exposed to a flame, the temperature will increase
so the pressure will increase too. In time, the
Sample Problem #4: pressure would build up causing the can to
explode. Moreover, there are warnings on these
Determine the pressure change when a constant
cans because of that.
volume of gas at 1.00 atm is heated from 20.0
°C to 30.0 °C. Pressure cooker
Given: The pressure cooker is another example of Gay
Lussac's law. The temperature increase causes
P1 = 1.00 atm
the pressure to increase above the food that's
T1 = 20.0 °C + 273.15 = 293.15 K being cooked which makes the food faster to be
cooked.
P2 =
T2 = 30.0 °C + 273.15 = 303.15 K
Required to find: P2
Equation: P1 = P2
T1 T2

Answer:
P2 = 1.03 atm
The final pressure of the gas is 1.03 atm.

ELABORATE:
Uses of Gay Lussac’s Law
Car tires in hot weather
Usually, hot tires tend to explode in hot weather
because hot weather means more temperature
which will let the pressure increase also because

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