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Multi_bus_optimization

The document presents a model for optimizing energy usage for a fleet of 20 electric buses over 144 time steps, focusing on minimizing grid energy consumption through the use of photovoltaic generation and a centralized Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). It outlines decision variables, constraints, and an objective function aimed at balancing energy supply and demand while maintaining the BESS state of charge within specified limits. A numerical example illustrates the implementation of the model in MATLAB, detailing parameters and expected outcomes.

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Muhammad Waseem
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11 views

Multi_bus_optimization

The document presents a model for optimizing energy usage for a fleet of 20 electric buses over 144 time steps, focusing on minimizing grid energy consumption through the use of photovoltaic generation and a centralized Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). It outlines decision variables, constraints, and an objective function aimed at balancing energy supply and demand while maintaining the BESS state of charge within specified limits. A numerical example illustrates the implementation of the model in MATLAB, detailing parameters and expected outcomes.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Waseem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Multi-Bus Renewable-Priority Energy Optimization with

Centralized BESS

1 Problem Overview
This model optimizes energy usage for a fleet of B = 20 electric buses over T = 144 time steps
(10-minute resolution over 24 hours), minimizing the total grid energy consumption. The system
utilizes photovoltaic (PV) generation, a centralized Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), and
the electrical grid.

2 Sets and Indices


• b ∈ {1, . . . , B}: bus index
• t ∈ {1, . . . , T }: time step index
• ∆t = 61 : duration of each time step in hours

3 Parameters
• Pmax : max power per source (5 kW)
• SOCmin , SOCmax : min/max SoC of BESS (0, 6)
• SOCreq : required SoC before trip (1)
• ηch , ηdis : charge/discharge efficiencies (0.95)
• dbt : demand for bus b at time t (0.4 kWh)
• P Vt : available PV power at t (time-varying)

4 Decision Variables
• xb,PV,t : PV → bus b energy
• xb,Grid,t : Grid → bus b energy
• xPV,BESS,t : PV → BESS
• xGrid,BESS,t : Grid → BESS
• xDis,BESS,t : BESS → buses
• SOCt : BESS SoC at time t

1
5 Objective Function
Minimize total grid energy consumption:
T B
!
X X
min xb,Grid,t + xGrid,BESS,t
t=1 b=1

6 Constraints
A. Energy Balance for Each Bus
1
xb,PV,t + xb,Grid,t + xDis,BESS,t = dbt ∀b, t
B

B. PV Power Limit
B
X
xb,PV,t + xPV,BESS,t ≤ P Vt ∀t
b=1

C. BESS SoC Dynamics


∆t
SOCt = SOCt−1 + ηch ∆t · (xPV,BESS,t + xGrid,BESS,t ) − · xDis,BESS,t
ηdis

D. BESS SoC Bounds


SOCmin ≤ SOCt ≤ SOCmax ∀t

E. SoC Requirement Before Departure


SOC140 ≥ SOCreq

7 Numerical Example
The MATLAB implementation defines the model using:
• B = 20, T = 144, ∆t = 16 , Pmax = 5

• Constant bus demand: 0.4 kWh

• Time-varying P Vt sinusoidally shaped over 24 hours

• BESS SoC initialized at 0 and must meet SOC140 ≥ 1


Each MATLAB section corresponds to a part of this formulation:
• Objective → f vector

• Constraints A-E → rows of A, Aeq

• Variables → positions within vector x

• Plots visualize total energy, grid/PV share, BESS charge/discharge and SoC

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