Multiple-Choice Questions

1. What is the primary function of aluminum foil sheets in residential roofing systems?

A) Vapor barrier
B) Insulation
C) Structural support
D) Aesthetic appeal

2. Which material is known for being very light and having low moisture absorption, making it suitable for
sidings?

A) Vinyl
B) Wood
C) Stone
D) Fiber Cement

3. What is the term for the finished frame that surrounds a door?

A) Door Jamb
B) Door Casing
C) Door Sill
D) Door Frame

4. What type of door consists of two separate leaves that can operate independently or together?

A) Sliding Door
B) Bi-fold Door
C) Dutch Door
D) French Door

5. What is the term for a twisting force applied to a structural element?

A) Shear
B) Tension
C) Torsion
D) Compression

6. What is the appearance of concrete called when rocks are visible and void areas are present?

A) Aggregate Finish
B) Exposed Aggregate
C) Stamped Concrete
D) Poured Concrete

7. What is the purpose of sheet piling in construction?

A) Electrical conduit
B) Soil stabilization
C) Insulation
D) Aesthetic enhancement

8. What is the standard concrete mix used for structural elements like beams and columns?

A) Standard Mix
B) Reinforced Concrete
C) Lightweight Concrete
 D) High-Strength Concrete

9. What type of fastener is used to hold mitered joints together?

A) Clamp Nail
B) Nail Gun
C) Rivet
D) Wood Screw

10. Which type of mortar joint is considered the most waterproof?

A) Struck Joint
B) Raked Joint
C) Flush Joint
D) Weathered Joint

11. What is the name of the rafters that are laid diagonally from the corners of a plate to the ridge?

A) Common Rafters
B) Jack Rafters
C) Valley Rafters
D) Hip Rafters

12. What are the horizontal boards nailed to corner posts to assist in layout called?

A) Ledger Boards
B) Foundation Plates
C) Layout Boards
D) Blocking

13. What type of columns have a concrete core reinforced with steel?

A) Hollow Columns
B) Composite Columns
C) Load Bearing Columns
D) Nonbearing Columns

14. What tool is used to check vertical and horizontal lines?

A) Level Tool
B) Plumb Bob
C) Measuring Tape
D) Square

15. What is the term for a wall that supports no load other than its own weight?

A) Shear Wall
B) Nonbearing Wall
C) Retaining Wall
D) Load Bearing Wall

16. What is the term for the occupancy load that may not always be present?

A) Total Load
B) Dead Load
C) Design Load
D) Live Load
17. What is the process of removing concrete forms from cured concrete called?

A) Demolition
B) Formwork
C) Stripping
D) Curing

18. What is the name of the structural member that spans from truss to truss?

A) Rafter
B) Beam
C) Purlin
D) Joist

19. What is the term for a wall that holds back earth embankments?

A) Shear Wall
B) Load Bearing Wall
C) Partition Wall
D) Retaining Wall

20. What is the term for the internal angle formed by two roof slopes?

A) Eave
B) Ridge
C) Valley
D) Hip

21. What type of lumber still contains moisture or sap?

A) Seasoned Lumber
B) Kiln-Dried Lumber
C) Green Lumber
D) Composite Lumber

22. What is the purpose of a caisson in construction?

A) Foundation support
B) Water drainage
C) Insulation
D) Aesthetic feature

23. What is the term for the material used to make a roof watertight at intersections?

A) Sealant
B) Caulk
C) Membrane
D) Flashing

24. What is the name of the hardware that accommodates a doorknob and lockset keyhole?

A) Latch
B) Strike Plate
C) Escutcheon
D) Hinge

25. What is the term for a wall that serves two dwelling units?
 A) Partition Wall
B) Common Wall
C) Nonbearing Wall
D) Load Bearing Wall

26. What is the term for the distance between two structural supports?

A) Length
B) Span
C) Rise
D) Run

27. What is the name of the small member that divides glass in sash or doors?

A) Rail
B) Stile
C) Muntin
D) Mullion

28. What is the term for the process of placing glass in windows or doors?

A) Framing
B) Sealing
C) Glazing
D) Fitting

29. What is the term for a short wood bracket or cantilever that supports an overhang portion of a roof?

A) Lookout
B) Scarf
C) Corbel
D) Outrigger

30. What is the process of putting up the skeleton of a building called?

A) Framing
B) Formworks
C) Sheathing
D) Structuring

31. What is the name of the wedge-shaped stone at the top of an arch?

A) Capstone
B) Archstone
C) Cornerstone
D) Keystone

32. Which type of door is fireproof and has a metal covering?

A) Hollow Core Door

B) Steel Door
C) Kalomein Door
D) Fiberglass Door

33. What is the triangular decorative member that supports a mantel or shelf called?

A) Rafter
 B) Truss
C) Bracket
D) Corbel

34. What type of lumber is not squared or finished?

A) Rough Lumber
B) Engineered Lumber
C) Milled Lumber
D) Finished Lumber

35. What is the simplest type of fiber carpet weaving where the pile forms as the wrap yarns loop over
removable wires?

A) Woven Pile
B) Tufted Weave
C) Loop Pile
D) Cut Pile

36. What is the pretreatment of poured concrete that provides a surface for excellent plaster adhesion?

A) Masonry Neutralizer
B) Grout Layer
C) Scratch Coat
D) Bonding Agent

37. What type of wood end joint involves cutting both pieces at equal angles diagonally?

A) Lap Joint
B) Dado Joint
C) Scarf Joint
D) Butt Joint

38. What is the term for a type of terrazzo floor where the stone is intentionally exposed?

A) Polished Terrazzo
B) Exposed Aggregate
C) Aggregate Finish
D) Standard Terrazzo

39. What is an extension of a rafter beyond the wall line called?

A) Eave
B) Overhang
C) Gable
D) Outrigger

40. What type of window has a sash that rotates 90 to 180 degrees?

A) Casement Window
B) Awning Window
C) Sliding Window
D) Pivoted Window

41. What is used to fill a joint with mastic or asphalt plastic cement to prevent leaks?

A) Caulking
B) Grout
 C) Sealant
D) Adhesive

42. What type of joint is used to install glass into a lite of a French window?

A) Dado Joint
B) Rabbet Joint
C) Mortise Joint
D) Biscuit Joint

43. What is the term for a crosswise groove at the end of a board?

A) Dado
B) Notch
C) Groove
D) Rabbet

44. What type of glass is used to construct a door that allows natural light but is opaque?

A) Laminated Glass
B) Frosted Glass
C) Figured Wired Glass
D) Tinted Glass

45. What is the act of excavating or filling earth in preparation for a finishing surface?

A) Excavation
B) Compaction
C) Backfilling
D) Grading

46. What is an adjustable metal column used to support a beam called?

A) Monopost
B) Post
C) Column
D) Brace

47. What is the term for a floor finish made from clay and fired in a traditional manner?

A) Porcelain Tiles
B) Vigan Tiles
C) Terrazzo
D) Ceramic Tiles

48. What is the name of the horizontal beam that supports shorter rafters?

A) Joist
B) Beam
C) Rafter
D) Barge

49. What is the term for a wall that supports weight from above as well as its own dead weight?

A) Partition Wall
B) Load Bearing Wall
C) Non-load Bearing Wall
 D) Shear Wall

50. What is the distance between two structural supports called?

A) Width
B) Span
C) Height
D) Length

51. What is the name of a brick laid on its edge so that its end is visible?

A) Rowlock
B) Soldier
C) Header
D) Stretcher

52. What is the term for finely divided solid particles added to paint to contribute color and durability?

A) Pigment
B) Binder
C) Filler
D) Solvent

53. What is the name of a structural element that is shorter than usual, such as above a door?

A) Stud
B) Cripple
C) Jack Stud
D) Header

54. What is a bar used to hold the reinforcement on a beam called?

A) Tie
B) Reinforcement Bar
C) Web
D) Stirrups

55. What is the minimum thickness of a suspended reinforced concrete slab?

A) 75mm
B) 200mm
C) 150mm
D) 100mm

56. What is the most important component to determine the strength of concrete?

A) Water
B) Aggregate
C) Admixture
D) Cement

57. What is the purpose of a short metal "T" beam in suspended ceiling systems?

A) To act as a decorative element

B) To bridge spaces between main beams
C) To support the roof structure
D) To provide insulation
58. What shape does a Pantile roofing tile resemble?

A) An "S" laid on its side

B) A flat rectangle
C) A circle
D) A triangle

59. What is the primary characteristic of a Dado in construction?

A) A structural beam
B) A type of roofing material
C) A groove cut into a board or panel
D) A decorative element on walls

60. What does dampproofing refer to in building foundations?

A) A decorative finish
B) A type of insulation
C) A method of framing
D) A waterproofing material applied to foundation walls

61. What is the function of a shear wall in a building?

A) To enhance aesthetic appeal

B) To support the roof
C) To provide insulation
D) To resist lateral forces parallel to the wall

62. What is a cantilever beam?

A) A beam used only in roofing

B) A beam that projects beyond one or both of its supports
C) A decorative beam
D) A beam that is fully supported at both ends

63. What is the standard height of window sills for office rooms in upper floors?

A) 0.75 m
B) 0.90 m
C) 0.60 m
D) 1.00 m

64. What is the purpose of a control joint in masonry walls?

A) To support the roof structure

B) To provide insulation
C) To accommodate movement and reduce restraint
D) To enhance aesthetic appeal

65. What is a hybrid girder?

A) A type of insulation
B) A type of roofing material
C) A decorative element in construction
D) A special plate girder consisting of tees, angles, and multiple webs

66. What is the primary use of wrought iron in construction?

 A) As a roofing material
B) As a flooring material
C) For its corrosion resistance and ductility
D) For decorative purposes

67. What does the term "backset" refer to in lock installation?

A) The height of the lock

B) The width of the door
C) The distance from the lock to the door edge
D) The type of lock used

68. What is the function of a baluster in a railing system?

A) To act as a decorative element

B) To insulate the building
C) To support the roof
D) To provide vertical support between the top and bottom rails

69. What is a double glass window?

A) A window with two panes of glass and a sealed air space

B) A window with a single pane of glass
C) A decorative window
D) A window with no glass

70. What is the purpose of a gang nail plate in truss construction?

A) To enhance aesthetic appeal

B) To support the roof
C) To provide insulation
D) To connect joints of a truss

71. What is the primary characteristic of a one-way slab?

A) It has equal spans in all directions

B) The ratio of short span to long span is less than 0.50
C) It is a decorative element
D) It is used only for roofing

72. What is the function of a chase in building construction?

A) To provide insulation
B) To enhance aesthetic appeal
C) To create a recess for pipes and ducts
D) To support the roof

73. What is the primary use of aluminum foil sheets in roofing systems?

A) As insulation
B) As a decorative element
C) As a structural support
D) As a vapor barrier

74. What is the purpose of a post-tensioning method in construction?

A) To enhance aesthetic appeal

 B) To provide insulation
C) To stress unbounded tendons after concrete has cured
D) To support the roof

75. What is the standard size overlap for corrugated G.I. roofing?

A) 2 inches
B) 1 1/2 inches
C) 3 inches
D) 1 inch

76. What is the primary characteristic of a running bond in brickwork?

A) A decorative pattern
B) Entirely composed of headers
C) Entirely composed of stretchers
D) Alternating courses of headers and stretchers

77. What is the purpose of a control joint in concrete?

A) To support the roof

B) To enhance aesthetic appeal
C) To provide insulation
D) To control where the concrete should crack

78. What is the function of a deadbolt in door security?

A) To provide aesthetic appeal

B) To act as a decorative element
C) To secure doors with a key or thumb-turn
D) To insulate the door

79. What is the primary use of corkboard in construction?

A) As a structural support
B) As a decorative element
C) As a vapor barrier
D) As insulating material in flat roofs

80. What is the purpose of beam blocking in construction?

A) To give the appearance of a larger beam

B) To enhance aesthetic appeal
C) To provide insulation
D) To support the roof

81. What is the primary characteristic of a shear wall?

A) It is a decorative element
B) It is a type of insulation
C) It is used only in roofing
D) It is designed to resist lateral forces

82. What is the function of a butt joint in construction?

A) To fasten the ends of two members together

B) To enhance aesthetic appeal
 C) To support the roof
D) To provide insulation

83. What is the primary purpose of a foundation wall?

A) To act as a decorative element

B) To provide insulation
C) To support the structure above grade
D) To enhance aesthetic appeal

84. What is the significance of atmospheric pressure in building design?

A) It is only relevant for insulation

B) It is irrelevant to construction
C) It is only a concern for roofing
D) It affects the structural and architectural design of tall buildings

85. What is the term for the distance between two structural supports?

A) Lintel
B) Chord
C) Purlin
D) Span

86. What is the purpose of Rip-rap in construction?

A) To provide insulation
B) To support roof structures
C) To enhance aesthetic appeal
D) To prevent erosion

87. Which tool is classified as a striking tool?

A) Pliers
B) Screwdriver
C) Hammer
D) Wrench

88. What is the process of removing concrete forms from cured concrete called?

A) Stripping
B) Casting
C) Molding
D) Curing

89. What structural member spans from truss to truss or supports rafters?

A) Lintel
B) Rafter
C) Stud
D) Purlin

90. What is the purpose of anchor bolts in masonry construction?

A) To support roofing materials

B) To hold insulation
C) To secure wood or plates to concrete
 D) To create decorative elements

91. What is the term for the horizontal piece of material above a door or window opening?

A) Beam
B) Stud
C) Rafter
D) Lintel

92. What does glazing refer to in construction?

A) The process of painting walls

B) The finishing of wood surfaces
C) The installation of roofing materials
D) The placing of glass in windows and doors

93. What is a cull in the context of building materials?

A) A structural support
B) A rejected building material due to below standard grade
C) A decorative element
D) A type of insulation

94. What type of joint is formed by lapping two pieces of material?

A) Dovetail joint
B) Butt joint
C) Lap joint
D) Mortise joint

95. What is green lumber?

A) Lumber that is used for outdoor projects

B) Lumber that still contains moisture or sap
C) Lumber that has been painted green
D) Lumber that has been treated with chemicals

96. What is the term for the internal angle formed by two roof slopes?

A) Gable
B) Eave
C) Valley
D) Ridge

97. What is the function of a fascia in construction?

A) To provide insulation
B) To act as a decorative element
C) To support the roof
D) To cover the ends of rafters

98. What is a spike in construction terminology?

A) A large heavy nail

B) A type of anchor
C) A fastening device
D) A type of screw
99. What is the scientific name for wood?

A) Lignin
B) Phloem
C) Cellulose
D) Xylem

100. What type of wall is designed to hold back earth embankments?

A) Shear wall
B) Load-bearing wall
C) Retaining wall
D) Partition wall

101. What is the term for the top and lower principal members of a roof or bridge truss?

A) Purlin
B) Chord
C) Rafter
D) Beam

102. What are sleepers in construction?

A) Vertical supports for walls

B) Horizontal pieces of wood laid over a concrete slab floor
C) Decorative elements for ceilings
D) Insulation materials

103. What is a stud in construction?

A) A decorative trim
B) A horizontal support
C) A type of fastener
D) A vertical structural member in a wall or partition

104. What is a Tyrolean finish?

A) A smooth plaster finish

B) A decorative paint technique
C) A rough plaster finish obtained by flinging plaster on a wall
D) A type of wood finish

105. What is adiabatic curing?

A) Curing with heat gain or loss

B) Curing with added moisture
C) Curing without heat gain or loss
D) Curing in a controlled environment

106. What is vinyl tile primarily made of?

A) Polyvinyl chloride
B) Ceramic
C) Wood
D) Stone

107. What does creep refer to in materials science?

 A) The expansion of materials
B) The contraction of materials
C) The process of hardening
D) The permanent deformation under sustained load

108. What is the vertical face of a stair called?

A) Landing
B) Tread
C) Riser
D) Stringer

109. What is a plough in woodworking?

A) A type of joint
B) A finishing technique
C) A tool for cutting
D) A groove extended along the edge of wood

110. What is post-tensioning in concrete construction?

A) A type of joint
B) The stressing of unbonded tendons after curing
C) A method of curing concrete
D) A finishing technique

111. What is a cold joint in concrete?

A) A joint that is insulated

B) A joint that is reinforced
C) A joint formed when concrete hardens before the next batch is placed
D) A joint that is decorative

112. What is the term for soil in its natural state before any disturbance?

A) Compacted Soil
B) Bank Soil
C) Disturbed Soil
D) Natural Soil

113. What process involves increasing the density of soil by mechanically forcing particles closer together?

A) Densification
B) Compaction
C) Consolidation
D) Compression

114. What is a special form of cast-in-place concrete pile that has an enlarged base formed during driving?

A) Driven Pile
B) Friction Pile
C) Bell Pile
D) Bored Pile

115. What type of beam is used to distribute horizontal forces to footings?

A) Load-Bearing Beam
 B) Tie Beam
C) Shear Beam
D) Cantilever Beam

116. What type of glass is produced by heating annealed glass to near melting point and then chilling it?

A) Laminated Glass
B) Insulating Glass
C) Tempered Glass
D) Annealed Glass

117. What type of paint produces a very smooth and glossy surface and is sometimes referred to as pigmented
lacquer?

A) Enamel
B) Oil Paint
C) Acrylic
D) Varnish

118. What is the term for a horizontal layer of mortar on which bricks are laid?

A) Bed Joint
B) Brick Joint
C) Mortar Bed
D) Course Joint

119. What are walls made up of two masonry wythes separated by an air space called?

A) Insulated Wall
B) Cavity Wall
C) Composite Wall
D) Double Wall

120. What type of formwork is supported by trusses and frames along its span?

A) Adjustable Formwork
B) Flying Form
C) Rigid Formwork
D) Soft Formwork

121. What is the Class AA concrete mixture ratio?

A) 1:1.5:3
B) 1:1:2
C) 1:3:6
D) 1:2:4

122. What is a column constructed below the ground surface usually made of reinforced concrete called?

A) Footing
B) Pier
C) Column Base
D) Foundation

123. What defect in lumber is characterized by a round edge or bank along an edge at a corner?

A) Splitting
B) Wane
 C) Checking
D) Warping

124. What is the liquid component of paint that increases its fluidity and evaporates during drying?

A) Pigment
B) Binder
C) Additive
D) Solvent

125. What type of paint is made with varnish as the vehicle and is applied to wood and metal?

A) Latex Paint
B) Oil Paint
C) Acrylic
D) Enamel

126. What whitish powder forms on the surface of bricks or stone walls due to moisture evaporation?

A) Scaling
B) Chalking
C) Efflorescence
D) Blistering

127. What is the most widely used type of building brick made of natural sand and clay or shale?

A) Concrete Brick
B) Kiln Burned Brick
C) Fired Brick
D) Fly Ash Brick

128. What is the term for vertical joints between brick wythes?

A) Control Joint
B) Mortar Joint
C) Expansion Joint
D) Collar Joint

129. What paint defect is caused by a soft undercoat, forming shallow cracks at irregular intervals?

A) Alligatoring
B) Checking
C) Peeling
D) Chalking

130. What is the term for a double unit glass that provides insulation?

A) Insulating Glass
B) Tempered Glass
C) Low-E Glass
D) Laminated Glass

131. What is the purpose of a dispersal agent in concrete?

A) To enhance color
B) To reduce weight
C) To ensure thorough mixing of cement and water
 D) To increase strength

132. What type of coatings are used for aluminum, including fluoropolymers and powder coatings?

A) Protective Coatings
B) Decorative Coatings
C) Industrial Coatings
D) Architectural Coatings

133. What process involves coating steel products by immersing them in molten zinc?

A) Coating
B) Plating
C) Galvanization
D) Anodizing

134. What is another term for ASTM A572 high strength low alloy structural steel?

A) Alloy Steel
B) Weathering Steel
C) Stainless Steel
D) Carbon Steel

135. What is the purpose of a bearing plate in construction?

A) To enhance aesthetics
B) To distribute end reactions of beams
C) To provide insulation
D) To support roofing materials

136. What is the standard weight of a 20mm hot weld deformed bar?

A) 1.580 Kilos
B) 2.466 Kilos
C) 4.834 Kilos
D) 3.854 Kilos

137. What type of Portland cement is used for general construction exposed to moderate sulfate action?

A) Type I
B) Type II
C) Type III
D) Type V

138. What type of window provides maximum ventilation and rain protection?

A) Casement Window
B) Awning Window
C) Sliding Window
D) Double Hung Window

139. What is the primary purpose of a barrier or diaphragm in construction?

A) To prevent soil movement and stabilize foundations

B) To enhance aesthetic appeal
C) To provide insulation
D) To support roofing materials
140. Which type of wood is typically used for flooring, stairs, and furniture?

A) Deciduous or broadleaf trees

B) Coniferous trees
C) Softwood
D) Bamboo

141. What is the main characteristic of the wood known as Tindalo?

A) It is the most expensive wood for furniture

B) It is used for framing chests and stair frames
C) It is a type of softwood
D) It is primarily used for flooring

142. What defect in wood is characterized by a crack that extends completely through a piece?

A) Pitch pockets
B) Warp
C) Split
D) Shake

143. What is the term for the decay of seasoned wood caused by fungi?

A) Dry rot
B) Split
C) Shake
D) Warp

144. How is a board foot calculated?

A) Length x Thickness / Width

B) Width x Length / 12
C) Thickness x Width x Length / 12
D) Length x Width x Thickness

145. What is the purpose of a deadbolt lock?

A) To provide a decorative feature

B) To serve as a fire exit
C) To offer double security
D) To allow easy access

146. What is the primary use of riprap in construction?

A) To insulate buildings
B) To prevent erosion
C) To enhance aesthetic appeal
D) To support roofing materials

147. What is the function of a tension set bolt?

A) To support roofing materials

B) To act as a decorative element
C) To provide aesthetic appeal
D) To incorporate torque control

148. What is the main characteristic of hardwood compared to softwood?

 A) Hardwoods are generally softer
B) Hardwoods are less expensive
C) Hardwoods are typically denser and more durable
D) Hardwoods come from coniferous trees

149. What is the purpose of pre-tensioned concrete?

A) To improve water resistance

B) To reduce weight
C) To enhance aesthetic appeal
D) To place tension on reinforcement bars before pouring concrete

150. What is the term for a temporary structure used to support a permanent structure during its erection?

A) Scaffolding
B) Falsework
C) Framework
D) Staging

151. What is the primary use of gypsum board in construction?

A) As a flooring material
B) As a structural support
C) As a roofing material
D) As a wall finish

152. What is the main characteristic of a flat slab in concrete construction?

A) It is used for roofing

B) It is primarily decorative
C) It has no beams
D) It includes beams

153. What is the purpose of shotcrete in construction?

A) To support roofing materials

B) To enhance aesthetic appeal
C) To provide insulation
D) To place concrete using pneumatic pressure

154. What is the primary function of a foundation bed?

A) To enhance aesthetic appeal

B) To provide insulation
C) To prevent erosion
D) To support the structure above

155. What is the main characteristic of a wood defect known as "shakes"?

A) It is a type of insect damage

B) It is a crack due to natural causes
C) It is caused by water exposure
D) It is a result of poor drying techniques

156. What is the purpose of glazing putty in woodworking?

A) To provide structural support

 B) To seal and fill surface defects
C) To act as a decorative finish
D) To enhance aesthetic appeal

157. What is the primary use of plywood veneer?

A) For roofing
B) For insulation
C) For flooring
D) For paneling

158. What is the main characteristic of a trench in construction?

A) It is a type of foundation
B) It is wider than it is long
C) It has a length that greatly exceeds its width
D) It is used for aesthetic purposes

159. What is the purpose of a screeding process in concrete work?

A) To provide insulation
B) To bring the surface to the required grade
C) To support roofing materials
D) To enhance aesthetic appeal

160. What is the primary characteristic of a hardwood known as "Narra"?

A) It is the most expensive wood for flooring

B) It is the most common lumber in the market
C) It is the finest wood for furniture
D) It is used for framing and paneling

161. What is the main purpose of using a primer sealer in painting?

A) To enhance color
B) To act as a decorative finish
C) To insulate surfaces
D) To provide adhesion and continuity

162. What is the primary use of a caisson in construction?

A) To create a water-tight structure for underwater work

B) To provide insulation
C) To enhance aesthetic appeal
D) To support roofing materials

163. What is the main characteristic of a polymer used in construction?

A) It is flexible and used in various applications

B) It is a type of wood
C) It is primarily used for insulation
D) It is rigid and opaque

164. What is the purpose of using a hardener mixture with marble dust?

A) To act as a decorative finish

B) To fill gaps in marble slabs during installation
 C) To enhance aesthetic appeal
D) To provide insulation

165. What is the primary function of a jack rafter in roofing?

A) To support the roof structure

B) To enhance aesthetic appeal
C) To provide insulation
D) To act as a decorative element

166. What is the primary function of an awning window?

A) To enhance aesthetic appeal

B) To serve as a decorative element
C) To act as a structural support
D) To provide ventilation and weather protection

167. Which type of hinge is designed to return a door to the open position automatically?

A) Butt hinge
B) Full mortise hinge
C) Pivot hinge
D) Spring hinge

168. What is a full surface hinge?

A) A hinge that allows for 180-degree rotation

B) A hinge applied to the surface of the door and jamb
C) A hinge mortised into the door edge
D) A hinge that is hidden from view

169. What type of foundation transfers load to the earth at the base of a column or wall?

A) Continuous foundation
B) Deep foundation
C) Shallow foundation
D) Mat foundation

170. Which type of footing is intended to support two or more columns in a row?

A) Continuous footing
B) Combined footing
C) Spread footing
D) Grillage footing

171. What is the purpose of a mat or raft foundation?

A) To support a single column

B) To anchor structures in place
C) To provide aesthetic appeal
D) To distribute loads over a wide area

172. What is the minimum time concrete should be mixed after all materials are added?

A) 1 minute
B) 2 minutes
C) 3 minutes
 D) 1.5 minutes

173. How long should concrete be maintained in a moist condition after placement?

A) 10 days
B) 3 days
C) 5 days
D) 7 days

174. What is the minimum spacing of rebars in footing?

A) 1.5 times the size of aggregates

B) 1.33 times the size of aggregates
C) 2 times the size of aggregates
D) 3 times the size of aggregates

175. What is the angle of inclination for bent bars from the horizontal?

A) 60 degrees
B) 45 degrees
C) 90 degrees
D) 30 degrees

176. What is the purpose of a jointer or groover tool?

A) To smooth the surface of concrete

B) To compact concrete in flatwork construction
C) To cut a joint partly through fresh concrete
D) To float the surface of concrete

177. Which type of column is combined with a wide flange steel column?

A) Spiral column
B) Lally column
C) Combined column
D) Composite column

178. What is the first coat in a three-coat plaster system?

A) Base coat
B) Finish coat
C) Scratch coat
D) Brown coat

179. What is the primary purpose of a control joint in masonry?

A) To enhance aesthetic appeal

B) To provide structural support
C) To regulate cracking
D) To allow for expansion

180. What type of foundation is used for structures below water level?

A) Mat foundation
B) Spread foundation
C) Pile foundation
D) Caisson foundation
181. What is the minimum size of column rebar for square or rectangular columns?

A) 2 pieces
B) 4 pieces
C) 8 pieces
D) 6 pieces

182. What is the purpose of a bull float in concrete work?

A) To apply the first coat of plaster

B) To compact concrete
C) To cut joints in concrete
D) To smooth uniform surfaces of freshly placed concrete

183. What is the maximum allowable diameter for aluminum embedded in concrete?

A) Equal to the overall thickness

B) 1/2 the overall thickness
C) 1/3 the overall thickness
D) 1/4 the overall thickness

184. What is the purpose of a spring hinge?

A) To allow for 180-degree rotation

B) To automatically return a door to the open position
C) To support heavy doors
D) To provide aesthetic appeal

185. What is the function of a grillage footing?

A) To support a single column

B) To anchor structures in place
C) To provide a base for walls
D) To distribute concentrated loads over a footing

186. What is the minimum clearance required between G.I. roofing and cement bag stacks?

A) 4 feet
B) 2 feet
C) 5 feet
D) 3 feet

187. What is the purpose of a half mortise hinge?

A) To be mortised into the door leaf and surface mounted on the jamb
B) To allow for 180-degree rotation
C) To support heavy doors
D) To be applied to the surface of a door

188. What is the primary characteristic of a cantilever footing?

A) It is symmetrical
B) It has a tie beam to another footing
C) It is only used for residential buildings
D) It is used for deep foundations

189. What is the purpose of a tackiness in concrete?

 A) To indicate proper curing
B) To prevent cracking
C) To ensure proper bonding
D) To enhance aesthetic appeal

190. What is the minimum number of pieces of rebar required for a square column?

A) 2 pieces
B) 8 pieces
C) 6 pieces
D) 4 pieces

191. What is the purpose of a scratch coat in plastering?

A) To provide a smooth finish

B) To act as a base layer
C) To enhance aesthetic appeal
D) To create a rough surface for better adhesion

192. What is the primary function of a column in construction?

A) To provide insulation
B) To allow for ventilation
C) To enhance aesthetic appeal
D) To support the structure

193. What is the primary purpose of a control joint in masonry structures?

A) To enhance aesthetic appeal

B) To support heavy loads
C) To regulate the location and amount of cracking
D) To improve thermal insulation

194. Which construction method involves casting slabs on the ground and then lifting them into position?

A) Shotcrete
B) Prefabricated Structure
C) Slip Forming
D) Tilt-Up Construction

195. What is a bearing pile primarily used for?

A) To retain soil or water

B) To guide steel sheet piling
C) To provide resistance to horizontal forces
D) To carry a vertical load

196. In which construction method is concrete sprayed onto surfaces using compressed air?

A) Lift Slab Construction

B) Shotcrete
C) Slip Forming
D) Thin Shells

197. What is the function of a ledger strip in floor systems?

A) To provide a bearing surface for joists

 B) To act as a firestop
C) To support the foundation
D) To connect two walls

198. What type of pile transfers its loads to the soil through friction?

A) Batter Pile
B) Bearing Pile
C) Sheet Pile
D) Friction Pile

199. What is the minimum bend diameter for stirrups and ties for a 16mm bar?

A) 4db
B) 2db
C) 5db
D) 3db

200. Which construction method eliminates much of the labor by using large sections supported on metal
trusses?

A) Shotcrete
B) Flying Formwork
C) Lift Slab Construction
D) Slip Forming

201. What is the purpose of a draft stop in concealed construction?

A) To support heavy loads

B) To prevent or retard the spread of fire
C) To provide thermal insulation
D) To enhance structural integrity

202. What is the effective length of a fillet weld required to be at least?

A) 4 times the nominal size

B) 2 times the nominal size
C) 5 times the nominal size
D) 3 times the nominal size

203. What is the primary use of thermal expansion in construction?

A) To improve structural integrity

B) To enhance aesthetic appeal
C) To support heavy loads
D) To prevent contractions due to heat

204. What is the main characteristic of a slip forming method?

A) It involves continuous pouring of concrete

B) It is primarily used for roofing
C) It uses hydraulic jacks to lift slabs
D) It requires extensive formwork

205. What is the purpose of a guide pile in construction?

A) To carry vertical loads

B) To provide resistance to horizontal forces
 C) To support the foundation
D) To guide steel sheet piling

206. What is the minimum amount of lap joint required for a joint thickness of 25mm?

A) 3 times the thickness

B) 4 times the thickness
C) 6 times the thickness
D) 5 times the thickness

207. Which type of pile is driven at an inclination to resist horizontal forces?

A) Sheet Pile
B) Bearing Pile
C) Batter Pile
D) Friction Pile

208. What is the primary function of a girder in floor systems?

A) To act as a firestop
B) To provide thermal insulation
C) To support the roof
D) To support floor joists

209. What is the maximum size of fillet welds along edges of material that is 6mm thick?

A) Twice the thickness of the material

B) Greater than the thickness of the material
C) Less than the thickness of the material
D) Equal to the thickness of the material

210. What is the purpose of using volumetric expansion in construction?

A) To enhance aesthetic appeal

B) To support heavy loads
C) To allow for expansion of cement restrained by steel strands
D) To improve thermal insulation

211. What is the minimum effective length of an intermittent fillet weld?

A) 3 times the weld size

B) 4 times the weld size
C) 5 times the weld size
D) 2 times the weld size

212. What is the primary use of acoustical insulation in construction?

A) To prevent or retard the spread of fire

B) To provide thermal insulation
C) To enhance structural integrity
D) To reduce noise transmission

213. What is the purpose of a thermal pressing method in concrete construction?

A) To enhance aesthetic appeal

B) To cool concrete after pouring
C) To heat steel for better bonding
 D) To improve structural integrity

214. What is the primary characteristic of a thin shell concrete structure?

A) It is cast in large sections

B) It requires extensive formwork
C) It is primarily used for roofing
D) It is formed in thin sections as thin as 2.5 inches

215. What is the purpose of using a mechanical clip in acoustical insulation?

A) To enhance structural integrity

B) To prevent or retard the spread of fire
C) To provide thermal insulation
D) To secure insulation in place

216. What is the minimum center-to-center spacing of plug welds?

A) 2 times the diameter of the hole

B) 5 times the diameter of the hole
C) 4 times the diameter of the hole
D) 3 times the diameter of the hole

217. What is the primary function of a trimmer in floor framing?

A) To support one end of a header

B) To act as a firestop
C) To provide thermal insulation
D) To support the roof

218. What is the purpose of a moisture barrier in construction?

A) To prevent water infiltration

B) To enhance aesthetic appeal
C) To support heavy loads
D) To improve thermal insulation

219. What is the primary use of a coffer dam in construction?

A) To enhance aesthetic appeal

B) To support heavy loads
C) To retain soil or water
D) To provide thermal insulation

220. What is the purpose of adding a flexible synthetic latex-based additive like Plexibond to cement?

A) To reduce the weight of the cement mixture

B) To make the cement waterproof
C) To increase the drying time of the cement
D) To enhance the tackiness and finish of the cement

221. What is a common defect in inferior paint brands that can lead to wrinkling?

A) Inconsistent color application

B) Soluble pigments that dissolve in water
C) Poor adhesion to surfaces
D) Excessive glossiness
222. What is the standard weight of a 25mm diameter hot rolled welded deformed steel bar per meter length?

A) 2.453 kilos
B) 4.500 kilos
C) 3.853 kilos
D) 1.578 kilos

223. What does the SEAM LOCK method refer to in steel deck construction?

A) A method for securing windows

B) A recommended joint method by manufacturers
C) A type of paint application
D) A type of insulation

224. What is the term for the discoloration of a paint coat caused by soluble color in the underlying surface?

A) Fading
B) Bleeding
C) Chalking
D) Peeling

225. What is the purpose of using #16 expanded metal lath in construction?

A) To reinforce glass blocks

B) To provide insulation
C) To support lightweight boards
D) To create a decorative finish

226. What does modular coordination refer to in construction?

A) A technique for masonry

B) A system of measurement for modular systems
C) A method of painting
D) A type of flooring

227. What is the main function of a mortise lockset?

A) To provide a decorative finish

B) To enhance ventilation
C) To allow for easy access
D) To secure main entry doors

228. What is a scarf joint used for in woodworking?

A) To provide tensile strength

B) To create a decorative edge
C) To join two pieces of wood at a right angle
D) To enhance the aesthetic appeal

229. What is the purpose of a polymer hardener in marble installation?

A) To increase flexibility
B) To fill gaps between slabs
C) To reduce weight
D) To enhance color

230. What is the minimum concrete cover required for 20mm and larger members in cast-in-place
construction?
 A) 15mm
B) 25mm
C) 10mm
D) 20mm

231. What type of door is referred to as a vision door?

A) A door with a decorative finish

B) A door designed for security
C) A door that allows visibility between rooms
D) A door used for exterior access

232. What is the purpose of a benchmark in construction?

A) To measure temperature
B) To indicate material quality
C) To assess structural integrity
D) To serve as a reference point for vertical height

233. What is the function of a form clamp in a tie rod scaffold system?

A) To support electrical wiring

B) To provide insulation
C) To secure the structure
D) To enhance aesthetic appeal

234. What is the primary use of a wood lathe machine?

A) To cut metal
B) To paint surfaces
C) To form wood moldings
D) To assemble furniture

235. What is the purpose of a scratch coat in concrete treatment?

A) To waterproof the surface

B) To create a rough surface for better adhesion
C) To provide insulation
D) To enhance color

236. What type of insulation is recommended for air conditioning ducts?

A) Styrofoam
B) Mineral wool
C) Fiberglass
D) Polyethylene foam with aluminum foil barrier

237. What is the primary characteristic of a pivoted window?

A) It slides horizontally
B) It opens outward
C) It is fixed in place
D) It rotates around a fixed point

238. What is the main advantage of using a polyurethane floor coating?

A) It is easy to apply
 B) It is available in multiple colors
C) It provides a high gloss shine while maintaining wood qualities
D) It is less expensive

239. What is the purpose of using a reverse location for securing steel purlins?

A) To reduce material costs

B) To consider axial, torsion, and shear stresses
C) To simplify installation
D) To enhance aesthetic appeal

240. What is the primary function of a deadbolt lock?

A) To allow for easy access

B) To enhance security
C) To provide a decorative finish
D) To improve ventilation

241. What is the main characteristic of a tufted carpet?

A) It has face yarns inserted through backing

B) It is made from synthetic materials only
C) It is woven by hand
D) It is made from a single piece of fabric

242. What is the purpose of using a chemical agent on marble floors?

A) To fill gaps
B) To provide insulation
C) To enhance color
D) To make the surface shiny

243. What is the primary use of a polymer in construction?

A) To improve color
B) To reduce weight
C) To increase thermal resistance
D) To enhance flexibility and adhesion

244. What is the main purpose of using a sandblasting technique in masonry?

A) To waterproof surfaces
B) To enhance color
C) To create a smooth finish
D) To give a rustic finish

245. What is the primary characteristic of a rustic terrazzo floor?

A) It is made from synthetic materials

B) It has a smooth surface
C) It is painted for aesthetic appeal
D) The stone or pebble is intentionally exposed

246. What is the main function of a polymer hardener mixed with marble dust?

A) To reduce weight
B) To fill gaps during installation
 C) To improve flexibility
D) To enhance color

247. What is the primary purpose of a water mixed product with a ratio of 1:20 in masonry?

A) To improve the aesthetic appeal of the masonry

B) To stabilize lime activity in new masonry
C) To enhance the color of the masonry
D) To increase the weight of the masonry

248. What does the term "peeling" indicate in the context of painting masonry surfaces?

A) The paint is too thick

B) The paint is applied on a damp surface
C) The paint is too expensive
D) The paint is of poor quality

249. What is the function of an anchor bolt in construction?

A) To provide insulation
B) To stabilize the sill plate to the foundation
C) To decorate the foundation
D) To enhance the aesthetic of the building

250. What is an "apron" in the context of construction?

A) A decorative element on a wall

B) A type of window
C) The finish board below a window sill
D) A type of flooring

251. What architectural feature is described as a series of arches supported by columns?

A) Beam
B) Arch
C) Arcade
D) Lintel

252. What is the purpose of a "way" in building construction?

A) To support the roof

B) To provide a decorative element
C) To enhance the aesthetic appeal of the building
D) To allow light and ventilation into a basement

253. What is "Impressocrete" primarily used for?

A) To insulate buildings
B) To create a smooth surface
C) To waterproof masonry
D) To transform plain concrete into a decorative surface

254. What does "inset" refer to in cabinet installation?

A) Cabinets that are recessed and flush with the sidings

B) Cabinets that are made of glass
C) Cabinets that are freestanding
 D) Cabinets that are painted

255. What is a "scarf" joint in woodworking?

A) A joint where wood is glued together

B) A decorative joint
C) A type of end joint where both woods are cut at equal angles
D) A joint used for insulation

256. What characterizes "rustic terrazzo" flooring?

A) It is only available in one color

B) It is made of synthetic materials
C) It has a smooth finish
D) The stone or pebble is intentionally exposed

257. What is the main feature of "standard terrazzo"?

A) It has relatively small chip sizes

B) It is made of glass
C) It has large chip sizes
D) It is only used for outdoor flooring

258. What is the purpose of a "rabbet" joint in window installation?

A) To provide insulation
B) To support the weight of the window
C) To enhance the aesthetic appeal
D) To install glass in a French window

259. What is the function of an "edge strip trowel"?

A) To measure tile dimensions

B) To distribute tile adhesive uniformly
C) To polish tiles
D) To cut tiles

260. What is "smoked glass" primarily used for?

A) To allow natural light while maintaining privacy

B) To provide complete darkness
C) To insulate windows
D) To enhance the aesthetic of a building

261. What does "grading" refer to in construction?

A) The act of painting surfaces

B) The act of excavating or filling earth for a finishing surface
C) The act of decorating walls
D) The process of measuring materials

262. What is the standard distance from the center of a drain hole to a finish wall in a water closet?

A) 500 mm
B) 305 mm
C) 200 mm
D) 400 mm
263. What is the role of a "girder beam" in a floor system?

A) To support the roof

B) To support smaller beams
C) To enhance the aesthetic appeal
D) To provide insulation

264. What is a "lintel beam" used for?

A) To decorate doorways
B) To provide ventilation
C) To support the weight of walls above an opening
D) To insulate windows

265. What does "prefabrication" refer to in construction?

A) The decoration of interiors

B) The process of painting walls
C) The pre-construction of components as part of the whole
D) The installation of windows

266. What are "heart shakes" and "cup shakes" examples of?

A) Wood finishes
B) Wood defects
C) Wood types
D) Wood preservatives

267. What is "undressed lumber"?

A) Lumber that is not squared or finished

B) Lumber that is used for decoration
C) Lumber that is treated with preservatives
D) Lumber that is painted

268. Which of the following is NOT a brand name of wood preservative?

A) Vigan
B) Xyladecor
C) Solignum
D) Cuprinol

269. What does a "single door" with left-hand hinges indicate?

A) The door is decorative

B) The door opens inward to the left
C) The door opens outward
D) The door is made of glass

270. What is a "stopped dado"?

A) A type of decorative joint

B) A joint used for insulation
C) A joint that is not fully cut through
D) A joint used in cabinetry

271. What is the purpose of a "mortise and tenon" joint?

 A) To allow for flexibility in construction
B) To provide insulation
C) To connect two pieces of wood securely
D) To enhance the aesthetic appeal

272. What does "half-blind" refer to in woodworking joints?

A) A joint that is decorative

B) A joint that is fully visible
C) A joint that is partially concealed
D) A joint that is used for insulation

273. What is a "tongue and groove" joint primarily used for?

A) To connect two pieces of wood securely

B) To provide insulation
C) To enhance the aesthetic appeal
D) To allow for flexibility in construction

274. What is the primary theme of the text?

A) Social justice
B) Technological advancement
C) Environmental conservation
D) Economic growth

275. Which of the following best describes the author's perspective on climate change?

A) It is a myth propagated by scientists.

B) It has minimal impact on global ecosystems.
C) It is a natural phenomenon that will resolve itself.
D) It is primarily caused by human activities.

276. What solution does the text propose for combating climate change?

A) Increasing fossil fuel production

B) Promoting renewable energy sources
C) Expanding industrial agriculture
D) Reducing urban green spaces

277. Which of the following is mentioned as a consequence of climate change?

A) Enhanced agricultural yields

B) Decreased biodiversity
C) Stabilized weather patterns
D) Increased job opportunities

278. How does the text suggest individuals can contribute to environmental protection?

A) By ignoring environmental policies

B) By participating in local clean-up efforts
C) By consuming more resources
D) By investing in non-renewable energy

279. What role do governments play according to the text?

A) They should prioritize economic growth over environmental issues.

 B) They have no significant impact on climate change.
C) They should reduce funding for environmental programs.
D) They are responsible for enforcing environmental regulations.

280. Which of the following is highlighted as a major challenge in addressing climate change?

A) Technological advancements
B) Overpopulation
C) Lack of scientific research
D) Political resistance to change

281. What is one of the benefits of renewable energy mentioned in the text?

A) It reduces greenhouse gas emissions.

B) It requires more land than traditional energy sources.
C) It is more expensive than fossil fuels.
D) It is less reliable than fossil fuels.

282. Which demographic is emphasized as crucial for driving change?

A) Youth and students

B) Government officials
C) Corporate leaders
D) Older generations

283. What type of policies does the text advocate for?

A) Reduction of public transportation options

B) Comprehensive climate action plans
C) Increased subsidies for fossil fuels
D) Deregulation of environmental protections

284. How does the text characterize the relationship between economic growth and environmental
sustainability?

A) They can coexist with proper planning.

B) Economic growth always harms the environment.
C) Environmental sustainability is irrelevant to economic growth.
D) They are mutually exclusive.

285. What is a suggested method for raising awareness about climate issues?

A) Hosting community events and workshops

B) Limiting access to environmental information
C) Promoting misinformation
D) Reducing educational programs

286. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a renewable energy source?

A) Hydropower
B) Natural gas
C) Solar power
D) Wind energy

287. What is the text's stance on individual lifestyle changes?

A) They should be avoided in favor of corporate responsibility.

B) They are insignificant in the grand scheme.
 C) They can collectively lead to substantial impact.
D) They are only necessary for certain demographics.

288. What is one of the key messages regarding future generations?

A) They will be less aware of environmental issues.

B) They will not be affected by current environmental issues.
C) They will have more resources to combat climate change.
D) They will inherit the consequences of today's actions.

289. Which of the following is a proposed benefit of transitioning to a green economy?

A) Job creation in sustainable industries

B) Increased pollution levels
C) Higher energy costs
D) Decreased public health

290. What is the text's view on the role of technology in environmental solutions?

A) It complicates the understanding of climate change.

B) It can provide innovative solutions to environmental challenges.
C) It is primarily a distraction from real issues.
D) It is irrelevant to solving climate issues.

291. How does the text suggest communities can become more resilient to climate impacts?

A) By reducing community engagement

B) By ignoring climate forecasts
C) By investing in infrastructure improvements
D) By limiting access to resources

292. What is a common misconception about climate change mentioned in the text?

A) It only affects certain regions.

B) It is a long-term problem that can be ignored.
C) It is solely a scientific issue.
D) It is reversible with current technologies.

293. Which of the following actions is discouraged in the text?

A) Ignoring scientific consensus on climate issues

B) Supporting local environmental initiatives
C) Engaging in discussions about climate change
D) Advocating for policy changes

294. What is the significance of biodiversity as discussed in the text?

A) It is essential for ecosystem health and resilience.

B) It only matters in urban areas.
C) It is irrelevant to climate change.
D) It can be sacrificed for economic development.

295. How does the text propose to engage businesses in environmental efforts?

A) By encouraging corporate social responsibility

B) By limiting their operations
C) By reducing their tax benefits
 D) By imposing heavy fines for non-compliance

296. What is the text's view on international cooperation regarding climate change?

A) It is unnecessary and counterproductive.

B) It should be avoided in favor of national policies.
C) It is essential for effective solutions.
D) It complicates local efforts.

297. Which of the following is highlighted as a critical factor in climate change mitigation?

A) Public awareness and education

B) Increased fossil fuel consumption
C) Isolationist policies
D) Decreased scientific research

298. What does the text suggest about the future of renewable energy?

A) It will be replaced by fossil fuels.

B) It is expected to grow significantly in importance.
C) It is only a temporary solution.
D) It will become less relevant over time.

299. How does the text recommend addressing misinformation about climate change?

A) By limiting public discourse

B) By promoting scientific literacy
C) By ignoring it
D) By focusing solely on economic arguments

300. What is the overall call to action presented in the text?

A) To maintain the status quo

B) To take immediate and collective action for the environment
C) To rely solely on government intervention
D) To prioritize economic interests over environmental concerns