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XII Science-Syllabus 2024-25 final (1)

The document outlines the revised syllabus for Class XII Science Mathematics for the academic year 2024-2025, detailing six units covering topics such as Relations and Functions, Algebra, Calculus, Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry, Linear Programming, and Probability. Each unit specifies the key concepts and the number of periods allocated for instruction. The syllabus emphasizes foundational mathematical concepts and their applications, preparing students for advanced studies.

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3 views

XII Science-Syllabus 2024-25 final (1)

The document outlines the revised syllabus for Class XII Science Mathematics for the academic year 2024-2025, detailing six units covering topics such as Relations and Functions, Algebra, Calculus, Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry, Linear Programming, and Probability. Each unit specifies the key concepts and the number of periods allocated for instruction. The syllabus emphasizes foundational mathematical concepts and their applications, preparing students for advanced studies.

Uploaded by

bariothlord
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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GOA BOARD OF SECONDARY AND HIGHER SECONDARY EDUCATION

REVISED SYLLABUS

MATHEMATICS ( 2024 – 2025)

CLASS XII -SCIENCE

UNIT I: RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

1. Relations and Functions: Periods-10


Types of relations: Reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations.
One to one and onto functions, composite functions, inverse of a function (only
concept)
2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions : Periods-12
Definition, range, domain, principal value branches. Graphs of inverse
trigonometric functions. Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric
functions.

UNIT II: ALGEBRA

1. Matrices: Periods-18
Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero matrix, transpose of a
matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Addition, multiplication and scalar
multiplication of matrices, simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar
multiplication. Non-commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-
zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2).
Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here all
matrices will have real entries).

2. Determinants: Periods-20
Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 × 3 matrices), minors, cofactors and
applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a
square matrix. Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear
equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables
(having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix.

UNIT III: CALCULUS

1. Continuity and Differentiability: Periods-18


Continuity and differentiability, derivative of composite functions, chain rule,
derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions, derivative of implicit function.
Concepts of exponential, logarithmic functions.
Derivatives of and . Logarithmic differentiation. Derivative of functions
expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives.

2. Applications of Derivatives: Periods- 10

Applications of derivatives: Rate of change, increasing/decreasing functions,


maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second
derivative test given as a provable tool). Simple problems (that illustrate basic
principles and understanding of the subject as well as real-life situations).

3. Integrals: Periods- 20

Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions


by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, only simple integrals of the type –

   

  

to be evaluated.
Definite integrals as a limit of a sum(not for evaluation). Fundamental Theorem of
Calculus (without proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of
definite integrals.

4.Applications of the Integrals: Periods- 10

Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, arcs of
circles/parabolas/ellipses (in standard form only), area between the two above said
curves (the region should be clearly identifiable).

5.Differential Equations: Periods-10

Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential


equation..Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables,
homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of
linear differential equation of the type –
where P and Q are functions of x or constant

where P and Q are functions of y or constant

UNIT IV: VECTORS AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY

1.Vectors: Periods- 10
Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines/ratios of
vectors. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and coplanar vectors), position
vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of vectors,
multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line
segment in a given ratio. Scalar (dot) product of vectors, projection of a vector on a
line. Vector (cross) product of vectors,

2.Three-dimensional Geometry: Periods-12


Direction cosines/ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian and vector equation of
a line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Cartesian and
vector equation of a plane. Angle between (i) two lines, (ii) two planes, (iii) a line and
a plane. Distance of a point from a plane.

UNIT V: LINEAR PROGRAMMING: Periods-12

Introduction, related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization,


different types of linear programming (L.P.) problems, graphical method of solution for
problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible
solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints).

UNIT VI: PROBABILITY: Periods-18

Multiplication theorem on probability. Conditional probability, independent events,


total probability, Baye’s theorem. Random variable and its probability distribution,
mean and variance of haphazard variable. Repeated independent (Bernoulli) trials and
Binomial distribution.

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