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ITC_PPT - Kritik Jain

H.261 is the first practical digital video coding standard developed by CCITT in 1988 and adapted by ITU-T in 1990, primarily for VideoPhone and Video Conferencing over low bitrate ISDN lines. It defines two video formats, CIF and Q-CIF, and employs techniques like inter-picture prediction, transform coding, and motion vectors for compression. While optimized for low data rates and effective for static content, it has limitations in quality and performance on lower-end machines.

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3 views10 pages

ITC_PPT - Kritik Jain

H.261 is the first practical digital video coding standard developed by CCITT in 1988 and adapted by ITU-T in 1990, primarily for VideoPhone and Video Conferencing over low bitrate ISDN lines. It defines two video formats, CIF and Q-CIF, and employs techniques like inter-picture prediction, transform coding, and motion vectors for compression. While optimized for low data rates and effective for static content, it has limitations in quality and performance on lower-end machines.

Uploaded by

archat955
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ITC

C C I T T

H.261
Video Coding
Algorithm
Kritik Jain 23U03101 Kshitij Nigam 23U03096 Chitanya Rathi 23U03104 Sameer Chandra 23U03098
ITC

About & History


H.261 was the first practical digital video coding
standard.

It was developed by the CCITT (Consultative


Committee for International Telephony and
Telegraphy) in year 1988.

Finally it was adapted by ITU-T (International


Telecommunication Union -Telecommunication) in
year 1990.
ITC

Purpose
The H.261 standard was designed for the following:
1. VideoPhone
2. Video Confrencing

The audio-visual service are used over low bitrate ISDN


(Integrated Service Digital Network) telephone line.

H.261 defines two picture/video format:


1. CIF (Common Intermediate Format)
2. Q-CIF (Quater Common Intermediate Format)
ITC

Video Luma Chroma Bitrate


Frame Resolution Resolution (Mbps)

Q-CIF (Quater Common


176 x 144 88 x 72 9.1 Mbps
Intermediate Format)

CIF (Common
352 x 288 176 x 144 36.5 Mbps
Intermediate Format)

Luma : Luminance represents brightness of image.


Chroma: Chrominance represents colour in an image.
ITC

H.261
compression includes combination of

Inter-picture Prediction: Removal of temporal


redundancy

Transform Coding: To remove spatial Redundancy.

Motion Vectors: For Motion Compensation.


ITC

H.261 Design Details


3 M a i n E l e m e n t s

1. Prediction: (blocks are intra / inter coded)

Intra coded block stand alone (individual)

Inter coded block based on difference


between previous and current frame
ITC

2. Block Transformation:

Each block is composed into 8x8 blocks & processed by DCT function.
(Discrete Cosine Transformation)

3. Quantization & Entropy Coding:

Compress range of value into single quantum value.

Entropy coding (lossless) using Huffman encoding.


ITC

Advantages
H.261 is optimized for low data
rates.

Strong temporal compression


component.

Best work for movies which have


little change between frames.
ITC

Disadvantages
Not generally provide good quality.

Not play well on lower end


machines.
ITC

Thank
You

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