Principles of Management

1. The principles of management are said to be flexible as:

(a) they aim at influencing behaviour of human beings.
(b) they are general guidelines to action, but do not provide readymade solutions to management
problems.
(c) they can be modified by the manager when the situation demands.
(d) their application is dependent upon the prevailing situation at a particular point of time.
2. 'Management principles help in thoughtful decision making. They emphasise logic rather than blind
faith'. This statement describes the following point of significance of Principles of Management:
(a) Fulfilling social responsibility. (b) Scientific decisions.
(c) Meeting changing environment requirements.(d) Optimum utilization of resources and effective
administration.
3. Why is it said that principles of management are flexible?
(a) Because they are to be followed absolutely.
(b) Because they can be modified as per the situation.
(c) Because they are formed by practice and experimentation.
(d) Because they are universally applicable.
4. Which principle of management aims at securing the loyalty and devotion of employees by giving
them fair and just treatment?
(a) Unity of direction (b) Equity
(c) Order (d) Unity of command
5. 'The application of principles of management is dependent upon the prevailing situation at a
particular point of time.'
The above statement highlights that principles of management are:
(a) Flexible (b) Contingent
(c) Behavioural (d) Universal
6. The technique proposed by Taylor aims at eliminating unnecessary diversity of products.
(a) Motion study (b) Standardisation and simplification of work
(c) Differential piece wage system (d) Functional Foremanship
7. What is the purpose of time study?
(a) To estimate the amount of rest interval
(b) To differentiate between efficient and inefficient workers
(c) To determine the fair days work
(d) To eliminate unnecessary motion of workers
8. Fayol says that discipline requires:
(a) good supervisors at all levels.
(b) agreements should be clear and fair.
(c) penalties should be fairly imposed.
(d) All of these
9. Which of the following is not concerned with Henri Fayol?
(a) Scalar chain (b) Order
(c) Initiative (d) Time study
10. Which of the following statements is related to division of work?
(a) Resources should be divided equally among departments.
(b) Work should be divided into smaller tasks.
(c) Subordinates should be divided among superiors.
(d) Departments should be divided into sub sections.
11. In a company there are four departments finance, marketing, production and human resource
development. Identify the principle of management used in this company
(a) Scalar chain (b) Discipline
(c) Unity of command (d) Division of work
12. Professional courses such as BBA also teach principles of management as a part of their
curriculum at the beginner's level. Identify the significance of principles of management highlighted
from this statement.
(a) Management training, education and research
(b) Providing managers with useful insight into reality
(c) Effective administration
(d) Meeting changing environment requirements.
13. Panchayats in our country have been given more powers to decide and spend funds granted to
them by the government for the welfare of villages. Identify the principle of management highlighted in
this case.
(a) Equity (b) Order
(c) Discipline (d) Centralisation and Decentralisation.
14. Harmony Not discord principle is concerned with
(a) Management should share the gain of the company with workers
(b) Investigation of task
(c) Scientific inquiry
(d) Observation and analysis
15. Unity of Direction is concerned with
(a) One head one plan (b) One head different plans
(c) Planning by employee (d) Planning by production manager
16. Espirit De Corps mean
(a) Gang plank (b) Gang boss
(c) Order (d) Union is strength
17. The objective of which of the following techniques of scientific management is to determine the
number of workers to be employed in an organization ?
(a) Method study (b) Motion study
(c) Time study (d) Differential piece wage system
18. Which work study is used to study the various movements like lifting, putting objects and sitting of
workers?
(a) Time study (b) Motion study
(c) Fatigue study (d) Method study
19. Which principle of management is violated if an employee receives orders from two or more
superiors?
(a) Unity of direction (b) Discipline
(c) Unity of command (d) Division of work
20. Which of the following is a principle of management given by Taylor?
(a) Division of work (b) Remuneration of employees
(c) Unity of command (d) Science, not rule of thumb

Q.21 What do you understand by principles of Management ?

Q.22. It has been observed that the ‘prevailing situation’ on an organisation is due to the violation of
the principle of ‘order’. What might have been your observations ?
Q.23 Explain ‘unity of command’ and ‘equity’ as principles of general management.
Q.24 An organisation follows the principles of management. What are the positive effects of each of
the following principles of management on the organisation ?
(a) Unity of Direction
(b) Espirit de Corps
(c) Subordination of individual interests to general interests
Q.25 Distinguish between the principles of ‘unity of direction’ and ‘unity of command’ on the basis of
(a) meaning (b) aim.
Q.26 Distinguish between ‘Motion study’ and ‘Time study’ on the basis of meaning and purpose.
Q.27 Name and explain the technique of Taylor which is the strongest motivator for a worker to reach
standard performance.
Q.28 What role do the time and motion studies play in setting the standard task ?
Q.29 Explain ‘Science-not Rule of thumb’ as a principle of Scientific management.
Q.30 Give three objectives of standardisation of work.

Q.31 Explain any five features of management.

Q.32 Explain the following principles of management:
(a) Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest.
(b) Development of Each and Every Person to His or Her Greatest efficiency.

Q.33 Shivani is running a retail mart in Varanasi to provide various types of products of daily use
under one roof to the buyers. The employee turnover in her business is very high and she is
perpetually on a look out for new staff. The fact of the matter is that she lacks managerial skills and
assigns work to her employees on adhoc basis without letting them settle down in a specific work.
This approach of her creates a sense of insecurity among the employees and they tend to leave the
job very quickly. However, she is a very good person and offers fair wages to her employees so they
can afford a reasonable standard of living.

Identify and explain the principle of management which Shivani is unable to apply and is perpetually
on a look out for new staff.

Q.34 Raj and Simran are both qualified eye surgeons and good friends. After obtaining a certificate of
practice, they decide to pursue a career of their own choice. Raj starts an eye care centre in the city
whereas Simran joins a government hospital in a small village. They meet after a long time in a party.
Raj invites Simran to visit his eye care centre and she accepts his invitation. She observes at his clinic
that there is a fixed place for each and everything and everyone is present there so that there is no
hinderance in the activities of the clinic. Also, Raj always tends to replace 'I' with 'We' in all his
conversations with the staff members. Later on Raj shares with her that he always deals with lazy
staff sternly to send the message that everyone is equal in his eyes.

Identify and explain the various principles of management that Raj is applying for the successful
management of his eye care centre.