[ 11 ]

3 BLOOD RELATION
This type of test is to test candidates’ ability about blood
A
relation. In this type of test, questions are given such that the
relation of two persons is given and the relation of the other is (c) C is D’s uncle C+–
to be found out.
For this, we use family tree. To build a family tree, certain D
standard notations are used to indicate a relationship between (d) A has only two children F and C,
the member of the family.
A
Notations :
one male and one female.
1. A is a male A+
2. A is a female A– F C
3. Gender of A is not known A E
4. A and B are married to each other A=B (e) E is C’s father 
5. A and B are siblings A–B
C
B

6. A and C are B’s children Level I : A =E

A C

To make a family tree from the given duties we will first

identify the males and the females in the family and then try to Level II : C F
put each member in their respective position in the tree.
Ex.1 A, B, C, D, E and F are related to each other as given
here. B is F’s daughter-in-law. D is A’s only grandchild. Level III : B =D
C is D’s only uncle. A has only 2 children F and C, one Question I and II can be answered easily by looking at
male and one female. E is the father of C. the family tree. A is the grandmother of D and F is the
(i) Who is the grandmother of D ? mother-in-law of B.
(ii) Who is the mother-in-law of B ?
Ex.2 Meena is Pankaj’s daughter. Reena is Pankaj’s sister.
Step - I Reena’s daughter is Diya and Reena’s son is Ram. Tina
is Diya’s only maternal aunt.
Identify the gender of A, B, C, D, E and F.
1. Meena is Tina’s :
(a) B is F’s daughter-in-law  B– (a) Aunt (b) Niece
(b) C is D’s only uncle  C+ (c) Uncle (d) Daughter
(c) A has 2 children F and C, one male and one (e) None of these
female, since C is male, F is female  F– 2. Diya is Pankaj’s :
(d) E is the father of C  E + (a) Nephew (b) Niece
(c) Uncle (d) Can’t say
Step - II (e) None of these
Use the conditions to arrange A, B, C, D, E and F in
these tree generations. – 3. Ram is Tina’s :
F
(a) Niece (b) Aunt
+ (c) Nephew (d) Brother
–
(a) B is F’s daughter-in-law = B (e) None of these
Sol. Tina– = Pankaj+ – Reena–
A

(b) D is A’s only grand child

Meena– Diya– Ram+
D
[ 12 ]

1.(d) Meena is Tina’s daughter. Ex.4 Looking at a portrait of a man, Mohan said, “His mother
2.(b) Diya is Pankaj’s Niece. is the wife of my father’s son”. Brothers and sisters I
3.(c) Ram is Tina’s Nephew. have none”. At whose portrait was Mohan looking.
Ex.3 If, (a) His son (b) His nephew
(i) P + Q means, P is the mother of Q (c) His cousin (d) His uncle
(ii) P – Q means, P is the brother of Q
(e) His brother
(iii) P  Q means, P is the father of Q
Sol.(a) Father
(iv) P  Q means, P is the sister of Q
Which of the following shows the relation that X is a
paternal uncle of Y? Mohan = Mother
(a) X – M + N  Y (b) Y – M + N × X
(c) X – M – N × Y (d) X – M × N  Y
(e) X  M – N × Y Man
Since Mohan has neither a sister nor brother, therefore
Sol.(a) X – M + N  Y
Mohan is the only son of his father. Hence the mother of
X+ – M –
the man is the wife of Mohan.

N+ Ex.5 Introducing a lady, a man said, “Her mother is the only

daughter of my mother-in-law”. What is the man to the
lady.
Y
(a) Son (b) Brother (c) Uncle
(b) It is not necessary to check B, because X is in the
extreme right of the statement, and we can not (d) Father (e) Grandfather
know about his gender. Sol.(d) Since the mother-in-law of the man is the mother of the
(c) X – M – N Y mother of the lady, therefore, the lady is the daughter of
X+ – M + – N – – Y the man.
(d) X – M  N  Y Mother-in-law
X+ – M – – N +
Man = Mother
Y
So, in this statement, X is the paternal uncle of Y.
Lady

EXERCISE

1. If L is the husband of M and N is the mother of O and 4. Introducing a lady, a man said, “Her mother is the only
M, what is N to L? daughter of my mother-in-law”. What is the man to the
lady?
(a) Mother (b) Sister (c) Aunt
(a) Son (b) Brother (c) Uncle
(d) Mother-in-law (e) None of these
(d) Husband (e) Father
2. If X is the brother of Y, Z is the sister of X, P is the 5. A man said to a lady, “The son of your only brother is the
brother of J and J is the daughter of Y, who is the uncle brother of my wife”. What is the lady to the man?
of P? (a) Mother (b) Sister
(a) Y (b) Z (c) J (c) Sister of father-in-law (d) Grandmother
(d) X (e) None of these (e) Maternal aunt

3. Pointing at a photo, Jagdish said, “His father is the only 6. If L is the brother of M and A, B is the mother of M
son of my mother”. The photo belongs to – and C is the father of L. Which one of the following
statement is not definitely true?
(a) Jagdish (b) Jagdish’s brother
(a) M is the brother of A (b) L is the father of A
(c) Jagdish’s father (d) Jagdish’s son
(c) L is the son of B (d) B is the wife of C
(e) None of these
(e) L is the son of C
 [ 13 ]

7. If (i) B * C means B is the brother of C (ii) B • C means 16. Pointing to a photograph a woman said, “She is the only
B is the daughter of C (iii) B  C means B is the sister daughter of my mother’s father”. How is the woman
of C. Which one of the following shows the relation that related to the person in the photograph?
X is the maternal uncle of Y? (a) Mother (b) Grandmother
(a) XZ•Y (b) X*Z•Y (c) Y•ZX
(c) Daughter (d) Can’t be determined
(d) Y•Z*X (e) None of these
(e) None of these
8. Pointing to a boy, Mukesh said, “His only brother’s
mother is my father’s wife”. How is Mukesh related to Directions (17 - 18) : Read the following statement carefully
that boy? and answer the following questions.
(a) Uncle (b) Father (c) Nephew X is the father of Z. But Z is not his son. E is the daughter of
(d) Brother (e) None of these Z. F is the spouse of X. G is the spouse of Y. H is the father
9. If X’s mother was Y’s mother’s daughter. How was Y of G. Y is brother of Z. D is the son of Y.
related to X? 17. Who is the Grandmother of D?
(a) Father (b) Sister (c) Brother (a) H (b) X (c) Z
(d) Paternal Uncle (e) Maternal uncle
(d) F (e) None of these
10. Introducing a woman, a man said, “Her mother’s husband’s
18. Who is the son of F?
sister is my aunt”. How is the man related to the woman?
(a) Nephew (b) Father (c) Brother-in-law (a) Y (b) Z (c) E
(d) Cousin (e) Uncle (d) D (e) None

11. Old man’s son is my son’s uncle, then what relation 19. Mr. A is a Police Officer. B is the brother in law of C’s
has the old man to me? sister D. D is the wife of her brother’s boss A. What is
(a) Brother (b) Father (c) Grandfather the relationship of C and B with A?
(d) Uncle (e) None of these
(a) Brother and brother-in-law
Directions (12 - 13) : Read the following information carefully (b) Brother-in-law and brother
and answer the questions given below : (c) Subordinate and brother-in-law
Soni is son of Vivek’s father’s sister. Manish is son of Bhakti (d) Friend and brother-in-law
who is mother of Mayank and grandmother of Vivek. Mukesh
(e) None of these
is father of Manu and grandfather of Soni. Bhakti is wife of
Mukesh. 20. A family has a man, his wife, their four sons and their
wives. The family of every son also has 3 sons and one
12. How is Soni related to Bhakti?
(a) Nephew (b) Grandson daughter. Find out the total number of male members in
(c) Son (d) Date inadequate the whole family.
(e) None of these (a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 12
(d) 17 (e) None of these
13. How is Mayank’s wife related to Manu?
(a) Niece (b) Sister (c) Sister-in-law Directions (21 - 23) : All the six members of a family L, M,
(d) Data inadequate (e) None of these N, O, P and Q are travelling together. M is the son of N but
14. X’s father is Y’s son. O is the paternal uncle of X and R N is not mother of M, L and N are only married couple. P is
is the brother of Y. How is R related to O? the brother of N. O is the daughter of L. Q is the brother of M.
(a) Brother (b) Nephew
(c) Cousin (d) Data inadequate 21. How many male members are there in the family?
(e) None of these (a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 2
(d) 4 (e) None of these
15. S, the son-in-law of P, is the brother-in-law of Q who is
the brother of R. How is Q related to P? 22. Who is the mother of M?
(a) Brother (b) Son (a) O (b) Q (c) P
(c) Father (d) Data inadequate
(d) L (e) None of these
(e) None of these
[ 14 ]

23. How many children does L have? 28. Which of the following should come in place of ? to
(a) One (b) Two (c) Three make the expression N is grand father of Q?
(d) Four (e) None of these M%N#O?P#Q
(a) % (b) @ (c) $
24. Examine the following relationships among members of (d) # (e) None of these
a family of six persons – P, Q, R, S, T and U.
29. How is Y related to V in the given information
1. The number of males equals that of females.
U$V#Z@W%Y
2. P and T are sons of U.
(a) Wife (b) Mother (c) Sister
3. S is the mother of one boy and one girl.
(d) Brother (e) Daughter
4. Q is the son of P.
5. There is one married couple in the family at present. 30. B @ M % L $ R # G what relationship can exist between
Which one of the following inferences can be drawn L and G?
(a) Mother (b) Aunt (c) Grandmother
from the above?
(d) Grandfather (e) None of these
(a) P, Q and R are all females.
(b) P is the husband of S. 31. If S % T @ U $ I % F, then which of the following is
(c) S is the granddaughter of U. true?
(d) T and U are children of S. (a) S is the daughter of F (b) I is the son of T
(e) R is the sister of T. (c) U is the mother of S (d) S is the nephew of F
(e) None of these
Directions (25 - 27) : Study the following information given
Directions (32 - 36) : Read the following information and answer
below to answer these questions :
the questions given below :
There are ten members M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U and V in the A = B means B is the father of A
family. There are three generations of the family. There is also A * B means A is the sister of B
three married couple in the family. M is the daughter-in-law of A ? B means B is the mother A
V. N’s brother U have only one sister M. T and N are the A $ B means A is the brother of B
married couple. T is the mother-in-law of O. S is the mother of A @ B means B is son of A
N. P is the son-in-law of S. O is the sister of Q. R is the only A # B means A is the daughter of B
son of P. 32. Which of the following is not correct?
25. If N is the son-in-law of A, then how is A related to O? (a) R # S ? T means R is grand daughter of T
(a) Grandmother (b) Grandfather (b) P = Q ? R means R is grand mother of P
(c) L $ M * O means O is sister of L
(c) Can’t be determined (d) Uncle
(d) M * O @ P = Q means Q and O are husband and wife
(e) None of these
(e) All are correct
26. If B is the daughter of U, then how is B related to R?
33. Which of the following is correct?
(a) Sister (b) Sister-in-law
(a) V # T * P means P is maternal uncle of V
(c) Brother (d) Cousin
(b) D ? V # T means D is grand daughter of T
(e) Brother-in-Law
(c) L @ M $ R means R is paternal uncle of L
27. If D is the father of U, then how is P related to D? (d) M @ R * D ? V means M is son of V
(a) Son-in-law (b) Son (c) Cousin (e) None is correct
(d) Daughter (e) Daughter-in-law 34. Which of the following indicates A is grandfather of B?
Directions (28 - 31) : Study the following information carefully (a) M # A = N = B (b) B $ L # Q # A
to answer the given questions : (c) B # L # A (d) L * B = S $ Q = A
A @ B means A is sister of B. (e) None of these
A % B means A is son of B. 35. Which of the following F is paternal uncle of G?
A $ B means A is mother of B. (a) G # L $ F $ N (b) N $ F $ L # G (c) G # M * F $ L
A # B means A is father of B. (d) L = F $ Q @ G (e) None of these
 [ 15 ]

36. S # M * B @ L = F ? Q reveals which of the following Directions (44 - 45) : Read the following information and answer
relations? the question based on them :
(a) F and B are brother and sister There are seven family members A, B, C, D, E, F and G, four of
(b) B is paternal uncle of S them are females. The family runs into three generations. The
(c) L is grandmother of Q family consists of two married couples, three daughters and two
(d) M is maternal aunt of L mothers. D is the brother of C. C is the mother of F. G is the son–
(e) None of the above relations gets revealed in–law of B. A is the father of C.
44. Which of the following is not true?
Directions (37 - 39) : Study the following information and answer (a) B is the mother of C
the given questions. (b) E may be the sister of D
 J is sister of T. T is married to D. D is the father of R. (c) G is the father of E
(d) E and G are married couple
 M is the son of H. T is mother-in-law of H.
(e) none of these
 D has only one son and one daughter.
 J is married to B. L is daughter of B. 45. How is E related to F?
(a) Sister (b) Aunt (c) Uncle
37. How is B related to R? (d) Either sister or aunt (e) none of these
(a) Uncle (b) Aunt (c) Mother-in-law
Directions (46 - 47) : Study the following information carefully
(d) Nephew (e) None of these
and answer the questions given below :
38. How is T related to M? J, K, L, W, X, Y and Z the members of a family spanning three
(a) Granddaughter (b) Nephew (c) Grandson generations. X is married to L, who has only one daughter W.
(d) Grandmother (e) None of these There are only two married couples in the family. X and Z are
siblings. K is maternal grandmother of W and Y is the eldest
39. How is R related to L? member of the family. Y and J are siblings. J and Z are not married
(a) Father (b) Son (c) Cousin and are of the same gender as L.
(d) Uncle (e) Aunt
46. How is Z related to W?
40. A is the father of B. C is the daughter of B. D is the brother (a) Uncle (b) Maternal uncle (c) Father
of B. E is the son of A. What is the relationship between C (d) Son (e) None of these
and E?
47. How is L related to Y?
(a) Uncle & Nephew (b) Father & Daughter (a) Daughter (b) Daughter-in-law
(c) Niece & Uncle (d) Aunt & Niece (c) Son (d) Son-in-law
(e) None of these (e) None of these

Directions (41 - 43) : Study the following information and Directions (48 - 50) : Study the following information carefully
answer the given questions. and answer the questions given below :
There are nine members in three generations and three married J is the brother of K. K is the mother of L. L is the sister of M. M
couples in the family. There are only four male members in the is married to N. A is the father of K. A has only one daughter. P is
family. B is son of J who is daughter-in-law of A. N is father of L. the only daughter of X. A is married to B. J is the brother of C. X
C is mother of D who is father of K. D is son-in-law of M. L is is the father-in-law of C.
unmarried and aunt of K. N is not married to C.
48. How is C related to L?
41. Who among the following is son-in-law of N? (a) Mother (b) Uncle (c) Father
(a) A (b) D (c) B (d) Aunt (e) Cannot be determined
(d) C (e) K
49. How is P related to J?
42. How is C related to B? (a) Cousin (b) Sister-in-law (c) Wife
(a) Grandfather (b) Father (c) Sister (d) Brother (e) Husband
(d) Grandmother (e) Brother 50. If M is the husband of N, then how many male members
43. Who among the following is nephew of L? are there in family?
(a) B (b) D (c) C (a) Two (b) Four (c) Five
(d) A (e) J (d) Six (e) None of these
 [ 173 ]

3 BLOOD RELATIONS
1.(d) N is the mother of M, and L is the husband of M. 7.(c) Y•Z means Y is daughter of Z and ZX means Z
 N is the mother-in-law of L . is the sister of X. Hence X is the maternal uncle of
Y.
N – +
Z – X
+
O M =L –
Y
2.(d) Since P is the brother of J and J is the daughter of Y
but X is the brother of Y. Therefore, X is the uncle of 8.(d) The mother of the only brother of the boy is the wife of
P. Mukesh’s father. Therefore, she is mother of Mukesh.
+ – Hence Mukesh is the brother of the boy.
X –Y– Z
Father = Mother
P
+
J–
Boy – Brother
3.(d) Since the only son of the mother of Jagdish, is Jagdish, (Mukesh)
therefore, the photo belongs to Jagdish’s son.
9.(e) X’s mother was the sister of Y. Hence, Y is the
Mother maternal uncle of X.
10.(d) Her mother’s husband means her father and her father’s
sister is man’s aunt. Therefore, the man and woman
Father
may be cousin.
11.(b) Since the old man’s son is my son’s uncle, therefore,
Photo Jagdish old man’s son is my brother. Hence the old man is my
father.

So, the photo is son of Jagdish. Old man

4.(e) Since the mother-in-law of the man is the mother of
the mother of the lady. Therefore, the lady is the Son
Me
daughter of the man.

Mother-in-law Son

Sol. (12 - 13) :

Man = Mother
+ –
Mukesh = Bhakti
Lady

–
5.(c) Lady – (+) Manu
–
Manish
+
Mayank

+
Soni Vivek
+
Man = (–) (+)
12.(b) Bhakti is wife of Mukesh, and Mukesh is grandfather
of Soni. So, Soni is Bhakti’s grandson.
6.(b) In the family C is the father whose wife is B. C has
three children L, M and A out which L is the son. 13.(c) Manu is Mukesh’s daughter, Mayank is Bhakti’s son
Hence L cannot be the father of A. and Mukesh is Bhakti’s husband. So, Mayank is Manu’s
B =C
– +
brother and his wife is Manu’s sister-in-law.

+
14.(e) X’s father is Y’s son. O is the paternal uncle of X. So,
M L A O is the brother of X’s father. This means that O is also
[ 174 ]

Y’s son. R is the brother of Y. Thus, R is the uncle of 23.(c) L has two sons M & Q and one daughter O.
O. 24.(b) Clearly, there are three males and three females. Now
P, T and Q are sons and hence males. So, R, S and U
15.(b) S is the son-in-law of P and brother in law of Q. This
are females.
means that P is the father/mother of S’s wife, and Q is
the brother of S’s wife. Thus, Q is P’s son. U–

16.(c) The person in the photograph is the daughter of

maternal grandmother of the woman who is pointing S– = P+ T+
of the person in the photograph is the mother of the
woman. Hence the woman is the daughter of the
person in the photograph. Q+ R–

Father Sol. (25 - 27) :

– +
S V
Mother / Daughter

Me T– = N+ – U+ – M– = P+

Sol. (17 - 18) : –

? =O –Q R
+

+
H X+ = F–
25.(c) As gender of A is not definite. Hence, A is either
Grandmother / Grandfather of O.
G– = Y+ – Z–
26.(d) As B is the daughter of U, means B is the niece of P.
D+ E– Hence, B is cousin of R.
27.(a) If D is the father of U, then M will be daughter of D.
17.(d) Y is the brother of Z and X is the father of Z.
Therefore, X is the father of Y and F is the mother of Hence, P will become son-in-law of D.
Y. But D is the son of Y, hence F is the grandmother
Sol. (28 - 31) :
of D.
(a)  A  – B
A@ B 
18.(a) Since F is the mother of Y. Therefore, Y is the son of F.
19.(b) The wife of A is D and C is the brother of D. B is the A% B 
 B
(b)
brother-in-law of D. Hence, A is the brother-in-law of 
C and the Brother of B. B+ – A+  D– – C+ . A

20.(d) The male members in the family are:

(c)  A 
A$B 
(i) the man himself 
(ii) his four sons; and B
(iii) his (3 × 4) = 12 grandsons.
Hence, total number of male members (d)  A 
A#B 
= (1 + 4 + 12) = 17. 
B
Sol. (21 - 23) :
28.(b) From the given information :
P+ – N+ = L–
+
+ + –
N
Q M O
+ +
21.(d) There are four male members - P, N, M and Q. M O P
22.(d) N is father of M and L & N are a married couple.
Hence L is the mother of M. Q
 [ 175 ]

To complete this figure, O must be sister of P.

   Male 
i.e. O @ P.  
 –  Female 
29.(a) From the given information,
Here, gender of O cannot be determined.
U– 33.(e) None is correct
Checking option (a) :
V+ = Y–
-
T–P
Z– W+ V  T *P 
-
V
Hence, Y is the wife of V.
Since, gender of P can’t be determined.
30.(c) From the given information, So, option (a) is wrong.
L– Similarly, other options are wrong.

+
B – M+ R+ A

G +
Q–S
34.(d) L* B  S $ Q  A 
Hence, L is the Grandmother of G.
–
B–L
31.(d) From the given information,
–
T – U = F
– + A is grandfather of B.
 
+ +
35.(a) G # L $ F $ N  L –F –N
S T 
G
Hence, S is the nephew of F.
F is paternal uncle of G..
Sol. (32 - 36) :

B+ Q–
(a) A=B 
A 36.(d) S # M * B @ L = F ? Q  M –– B – = F+

+
(b) A * B  A– – B  M is maternal aunt of L. S
–
L
Sol. (37 - 39) :
B–
+ – – +
B = J – T =D
(c) A?B 
A –
L H= ? R
(d) A$ B  A – B +

M+
A 37.(a) J is the sister of T, B is the husband of J and T is the
(e) A@B  mother of R. So, B is the Uncle of R.
+
B 38.(d) T is grandmother of M.

B 39.(c) R is the cousin of L.

+
(f) A#B  40.(c) C is daughter of B and A is father of B. A
–
A E is son of A.
+ +
E B D
32.(c) L$M*O  L –M –O + –
Therefore, C is niece of E.
–
C
[ 176 ]

Sol. (41 - 43) : Sol. (46 - 47) :

K– = Y+ – J+

L+ = X- – Z+

W–
B+ – K–
46.(b) Z is maternal uncle of W.
41.(b) D is son-in-law of N.
47.(d) L is son-in-law of Y.
42.(d) C is grandmother of B.
43.(a) B is nephew of L. Sol. (48 - 50) :
+ – +
Sol. (44 - 45) : A =B X

B– = A +
+ - + –
J – K –C =P
or – +
E– D+ C =G
–
L – M=N
or
F– E–

44.(d) E and G are not married couple because G is married 48.(b) C is uncle of L
to C. 49.(b) P is sister-in-law of J.
45.(d) From the figure, it is clear that either E is the sister of 50.(c) There are five male members in the family.
F or E is the aunt of F.

4 ORDER AND RANKING

1.(c) Q > P/R ------- (i) 4.(a) From given arrangement, Q will be the third.
Q> P> R ------- (ii) 5.(b) Clearly position of U is 4 th tallest in order of eight
S> Q ------- (iii) students. So no. of students shorter than U is 4.
From expression (i), (ii) and (iii) as have
S>Q> P> R 6.(a) 8669468746978 6 7874326787
Clearly, S is the heaviest among P, Q, R and S. 7.(b) 852875377843489538782507853
2.(c) Order of marks is as
8.(b) 35732491267916432891438325
Tina > Raj > Suresh ------- (i)
691395820489 163
Tina > Shyam/Sunita ------- (ii)
Suresh > Shyam ------- (iii) 9.(a) 4, 8, 3, 0, 7, 9, 3, 7, 13, 11, 5, 0, 1, 2, 6
Shyam did not get the lowest marks from expression The sixth number from the left is 9. The 3rd number to
(i), (ii), (iii), we have
the right of 9 is 13.
Tina > Raj > Suresh > Shyam > Sunita
Clearly, Raj got the second highest marks. 10.(c) Let S and B denote Scorpio and Bike respectively.
Then, the sequence of parking is
Sol. (3 - 5) : Order of height is as
SBSBBSBBBSBBBBSBBB|BBSB
P> S > Q > U > V > R > T> W
BBBBBSBBBBBBBS
3.(e) All are true.