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Discovering Diverse Content Through
Random Scribd Documents
PARKER, FURNIVALL, & PARKER,
30 CHARING CROSS.

M DCCC XLVIII.
London: Printed by W. Clowes & Sons, Stamford Street,
for Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
 THE TWELFTH, OR THE EAST
SUFFOLK,

REGIMENT OF FOOT
BEARS ON ITS REGIMENTAL COLOUR

THE WORD M I N D E N ; THE WORD G I B R A LTA R ,

With the Castle and Key and the Motto, Montis Insignia Calpé;

AND THE WORDS

"SERINGAPATAM" and "INDIA;"

IN COMMEMORATION OF ITS DISTINGUISHED SERVICES

AT THE BATTLE OF MINDEN

ON THE 1st AUGUST, 1759;

IN THE GLORIOUS DEFENCE OF GIBRALTAR

FROM THE YEAR 1779 TO 1782;

AT THE STORMING AND CAPTURE OF SERINGAPATAM

ON THE 4th MAY, 1799;

and of its Gallant Conduct on many arduous Duties in INDIA

from the Year 1798 to 1807.
 CONTENTS.

Year Page
1685 Formation of the Regiment 1
1686 Station and Establishment 2
—— Arms and Uniform 3
1687 Names of the Officers 4
1688 Assembled on Hounslow-heath –
1689 Inspected at Hull after the Revolution 5
—— Embarked for Ireland 6
—— Engaged at the Siege of Carrickfergus –
—— Advanced to Dundalk –
—— Death of its Colonel, Henry Wharton, and of many
soldiers by disease 7
1690 Engaged at Cavan 8
—— ————– the battle of the Boyne 9
—— ————– the siege of Waterford –
—— ————– the first siege of Limerick –
—— ————– Lanesborough –
1691 Marched to Mullingar 10
—— Engaged with the Rapparees —
—— ———– at the siege of Ballymore 11
—— ———– at the storming of Athlone —
—— ———– at the battle of Aghrim —
—— ———– at the siege of Galway 12
—— Surrender of Limerick, and termination of the war in
Ireland —
—— Embarked from Kinsale for Plymouth 13
1692 ———— for the coast of France —
—— Proceeded to Ostend, and took possession of Furnes and
Dixmude —
—— Returned to England —
1693 Remained in England —
1694 Embarked for Flanders 13
—— Engaged at the siege of Huy 14
1695 —————— attack on Fort Kenoque —
—— —————— defence of Dixmude —
—— Surrender of Dixmude to the French 15
—— Released from Prisoners of War and placed in garrison at
Malines —
1696 Marched to Ostend and Bruges 16
—— Encamped and stationed in and near Bruges —
1697 Marched to Brabant —
—— Encamped before Brussels 17
—— Peace of Ryswick —
—— Returned to England —
1699 Proceeded to Ireland —
1702 War with France and Spain —
1703 Embarked for the West Indies 18
1704 Proceeded to Jamaica —
1705 Returned to England —
1708 Embarked as Marines 19
—— Landed at Ostend —
—— Employed to escort ammunition, &c. to the army
besieging Lisle 20
—— Surrender of Lisle 21
1709 Returned to England —
1710 Reviewed at Portsmouth —
1712 Embarked for Spain —
1713 Peace of Utrecht —
—— Proceeded to Minorca 22
1719 Returned to England from Minorca —
1722 Reviewed by King George I. —
1739 Remained in England twenty years —
1740 Embarked as Marines —
1742 ———— for Flanders 23
1743 Marched to Germany —
—— Engaged at the battle of Dettingen —
1743 Returned to Flanders 24
1744 Engaged in operations on the Scheldt —
1745 Advanced to the relief of Tournay —
—— Engaged at the battle of Fontenoy 25
—— Casualties at the battle of Fontenoy 26
—— Returned to England 27
—— Engaged in suppressing the Rebellion —
1746 Proceeded to Scotland —
1747 Returned to England 28
1748 Embarked for Holland —
—— Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle —
—— Returned to England —
1749 Embarked for Minorca —
1751 Royal Warrant issued for regulating Clothing, Colours,
&c. —
1752 Returned to England 29
1755 Commencement of the Seven years' War with France —
1757 Second Battalion added to establishment —
1758 Second Battalion constituted the 65th Regiment —
—— Embarked for Germany 30
—— Marched into quarters at Munster —
1759 Battle of Minden 31
—— Royal Authority to bear the word "Minden" on the colours
and appointments 33
—— Entered cantonments at Osnaburg 34
1760 Arrived at Paderborn —
—— Encamped at Fritzlar 34
—— ————— Kalle —
—— Marched to engage the French at Warbourg —
—— Went into quarters at Paderborn 35
1761 Advanced into Hesse —
—— Engaged at Kirch Denkern, &c. —
1762 ————– Groebenstein and Wilhelmsthal 36
—— ————– Lutterberg —
1762 Engaged at Homburg 37
—— ————– the siege of Cassel —
1763 Peace of Fontainbleau —
—— Returned to England —
1764 Proceeded to Scotland —
1769 Embarked for Gibraltar 38
1779 Attack of Gibraltar by the Spaniards —
1780} {39
1781} Siege and Defence continued { to
1782} {47
1783 Returned to England 48
—— Styled the East Suffolk Regiment —
1784 Reviewed at Windsor by King George III. —
1788 Proceeded to Jersey and Guernsey 49
1790 Embarked as Marines —
—— Returned to Portsmouth —
1791 Embarked for Ireland —
1793 Flank companies embarked for the West Indies —
1794 ——————— engaged at Martinico 50
—— ———————————– St. Lucia —
—— ———————————– Guadaloupe —
—— Battalion companies embarked for Flanders 51
—— Engaged at Werwick, and on the Lys —
—— ———– in the relief of Ypres 52
—— ———– near Boxtel 53
—— Retired beyond the river Maese 54
1795 Returned from Holland 55
—— Flank companies returned from the West Indies —
—— Embarked on an expedition for the coast of France —
1796 Embarked for the East Indies 56
1797 Arrived at Madras —
—— Embarked for Manilla —
—— Returned to Madras 57
1798 Proceeded to Tanjore in the Carnatic 58
1799 Engaged in operations against Tippoo Saib 59
—— Advanced against Seringapatam 60
—— Action near Malleville —
—— Storming and Capture of Seringapatam 65
—— Received the Royal Authority to bear the word
"Seringapatam" on the colours and appointments 70
1800 Proceeded against the tribes of the Wynaad country 71
1801 Returned to Seringapatam —
—— Proceeded to Trichinopoly —
1802 Two companies returned from Java 72
—— Three companies employed against the Polygans —
1805 Marched to Seringapatam —
1807 Proceeded to Cannanore —
1808 Embarked for the port of Coulan in the Travancore
country 73
—— Serjeant Tilsey and 33 men destroyed by the Natives 74
—— Operations in the Travancore country 75
—— Returned to Seringapatam 81
—— Proceeded to Trichinopoly —
1810 Flank companies proceeded against the Isle of Bourbon 81
—— Embarked against the Mauritius, or the Isle of France 82
—— Capture of the Mauritius 83
1811 Stationed at the Mauritius 85
1812 Second Battalion added to the Establishment and
embarked for Ireland —
1813 First Battalion proceeded from the Mauritius to the Isle
of Bourbon —
1814 Island of Bourbon restored to France 86
1815 Proceeded to the Island of Mauritius on its being
retained as a Colony of Great Britain —
1815 Second Battalion returned to England, and embarked for
Flanders 86
—— ——————— advanced to Paris —
1816 ——————— returned to England, and proceeded to
Ireland 87
—— First Battalion continued at the Mauritius —
1817 —————— returned to England —
—— —————— proceeded to Ireland —
1818 Second Battalion reduced, and incorporated with the
First Battalion 88
1820 Embarked for England —
1821 Proceeded to Portsmouth, and thence to Jersey and
Guernsey —
1823 Returned to England 89
—— Embarked for Gibraltar —
1825 Augmented to ten Companies, six Service, and four
Depôt Companies —
1827 Presentation of new colours with the authorised
Inscriptions conferred as Honourable Distinctions —
1828 Casualties from an epidemic disease at Gibraltar 90
1834 Returned to England 91
1835 Embarked for Ireland —
1837 Formed into six Service, and four Depôt Companies, and
embarked for the Mauritius —
1838 Depôt Companies remained in Ireland —
1839 Augmentation of the Establishment —
—— Depôt Companies embarked for Wales —
1840 ——————— proceeded to Scotland —
1841 ——————— returned to South Britain —
1842 Augmentation to two Battalions 92
1843 Reserve Battalion arrived at the Mauritius —
1847 First Battalion Embarked for England —
1848 The Conclusion —
 SUCCESSION OF COLONELS.
Year Page
1685 Henry Duke of Norfolk 93
1686 Edward Earl of Lichfield 94
1688 Robert Lord Hunsdon 95
—— Henry Wharton —
1689 Richard Brewer 96
1702 John Livesay —
1712 Richard Phillips 97
1717 Thomas Stanwix —
1725 Thomas Whetham 98
1741 Scipio Duroure 99
1745 Henry Skelton —
1757 Robert Napier —
1766 Henry Clinton 100
1779 William Picton 101
1811 Charles Hastings, Bart. 102
1823 Hon. Robert Meade 103

PLATES.
Costume of the Regiment to
face 1
Colours of the Regiment " 28
Attack of Gibraltar in 1782 " 48
Storming and Capture of Seringapatam in
"
1799 70
Madelay Lith. 3 Wellington St Strand.

TWELFTH FOOT.
1848.
For Cannons Military Records.
 HISTORICAL RECORD
OF

THE TWELFTH, OR THE EAST SUFFOLK

REGIMENT OF FOOT.

1685

After the Restoration in 1660, when King Charles II. had disbanded
the army of the commonwealth, a number of non-regimented
companies of foot were embodied for garrisoning the fortified towns,
and one company was constantly stationed at Windsor, to furnish a
guard at the castle. This company sent a detachment to Virginia in
1676. It was commanded by Henry Duke of Norfolk, Governor and
Constable of Windsor Castle, and was united to several companies
raised in the summer of 1685, and constituted a regiment, of which
the Duke of Norfolk was appointed Colonel, by commission dated the
20th of June, 1685. This regiment having been retained in the
service to the present time, now bears the title of the Twelfth, or the
East Suffolk, regiment of foot.
The formation of this regiment was occasioned by the rebellion of
James Duke of Monmouth, who assembled an army in the west of
England to support his pretensions to the throne; and King James II.
found it necessary to make a considerable augmentation to the
regular army. The companies, of which the regiment was composed,
were raised in Norfolk, Suffolk, and the adjoining counties, by Henry
Duke of Norfolk, Captains Henry Wharton, Charles Macartney,
Dominick Trant, Jasper Patson, Charles Howard, Francis Blathwayt,
Sir Alphonso de Mottetts, and George Trapp: the general rendezvous
of the regiment was at Norwich, and as the several companies were
formed, they were quartered at Norwich, Yarmouth, and Lynn.

1686

The formation of the regiment was not completed when the rebel
army was defeated at Sedgemoor, and the Duke of Monmouth was
captured soon afterwards, and beheaded; but King James resolved
to retain the newly raised corps in his service, and the Duke of
Norfolk's regiment was ordered to march to London. It was
quartered a few days, in the beginning of August, in the Tower
Hamlets, and afterwards encamped on Hounslow-heath, where it
was reviewed by the King. In the beginning of September the
regiment marched into garrison at Portsmouth.
On the 1st January, 1686, the establishment was fixed at the
numbers and rates of pay as shown in the next page.
Leaving Portsmouth in May, 1686, the regiment proceeded to
Hounslow, and pitched its tents on the heath, where a numerous
army was assembled; and while at this camp the colonelcy was
conferred on Edward Earl of Lichfield, by commission dated the 14th
of June, 1686.
At the camp on Hounslow-heath, the Earl of Lichfield's regiment
was stationed in the centre of the line of infantry; it was
distinguished by its white colours bearing the red cross of St.
George; the soldiers wore broad-brimmed hats, with the brim turned
up on one side, and ornamented with white ribands; scarlet coats
lined with white; blue breeches, blue stockings, and high shoes with
square toes; and the pikemen, of whom there were twelve in each
company, wore white sashes round their waists.

The Duke of Norfolk's Regiment of Foot. Pay per Day.

Staff. £. s. d.
 The Colonel, as Colonel 0 12 0
Lieut.-Colonel, as Lieut.-Colonel 0 7 0
Major, as Major 0 5 0
Chaplain 0 6 8
Chirurgeon 4s. and 1 Mate 2s. 6d. 0 6 6
Adjutant 0 4 0
Quarter-Master and Marshal 0 4 0
Total Staff 2 5 2
The Colonel's Company.
The Colonel, as Captain 0 8 0
Lieutenant 0 4 0
Ensign 0 3 0
Two Sergeants, 1s. 6d. each 0 3 0
Three Corporals, 1s. each 0 3 0
One Drummer 0 1 0
Fifty Soldiers, 8d. each 1 13 4
Total for one Company 2 15 4
Nine Companies more at the same rate 24 18 0
Total 29 18 6
Per Annum £10,922 12s. 6d.

After passing in review before the King several times, and

receiving the expressions of His Majesty's approbation, the regiment
struck its tents on the 10th of August, when two companies
proceeded to Windsor, three to Tilbury-fort, and the remainder to
Jersey and Guernsey.

1687

A grenadier company was added to the regiment when it pitched

its tents on Hounslow-heath in the summer of 1687, at which period
the following officers were holding commissions, viz.:—
Captains. Lieutenants. Ensigns.
——— ——— ———
Edward Earl of Lichfield (col). Charles Potts. James Carlisle.
 Thomas Salisbury (lieut.-col). Charles Houston. Henry Bows.
George Trapp (major). Edward Rupert. John Beverly.
Dominick Trant. Robert Doughty. Ferdinand Paris.
Charles Macartney. John Cuthbert. Valentine Saunders.
Sir A. de Mottetts. William Fisher. Isaac Foxley.
Francis Blathwayt. Alexander Waugh. Daniel Mahony.
Henry Wharton. Robert Stourson. Richard Waldegrave.
John Berners. James Seppens. William Timperly.
Thomas Dowcett. John Broder. Miles Bourk.
Thomas Lord Jermyn. George Raleigh. }
Grenadier company.
Elric Le Mountay. }

William Denny, Chaplain. John Blakes, Adjutant.

John Ross, Chirurgeon. James Healy, Quarter-Master.

1688

The frequent assembling of a numerous army, admired for its

perfect equipment, discipline, and formidable appearance, on
Hounslow-heath, was calculated to impress the English nation with a
sense of the King's power, and to facilitate the overthrow of the
religion and laws of the kingdom, which His Majesty had determined
to accomplish. His Majesty resolved to make a trial of the disposition
of his soldiers, to gain them over to the support of his measures;
thinking, if one regiment could be induced to give a promise of
implicit obedience, its example would be followed by the other
corps. Accordingly in the summer of 1688, soon after the Earl of
Lichfield's regiment had pitched its tents on the heath, it was formed
on parade in presence of His Majesty; a short speech was made to
the officers and soldiers to induce them to give an unreserved
pledge, and the major was directed to call upon all who would not
support the repeal of the test and penal laws, to lay down their
muskets; when the King was surprised and disappointed at seeing
the whole ground their arms, excepting two officers and a very few
soldiers, who were Roman Catholics. After some pause His Majesty
commanded them to take up their arms, telling them that for the
future he would not do them the honour of asking their opinions.
 The conduct of the King occasioned the nobility and gentry to
solicit the Prince of Orange to come to England with a Dutch army,
and when the crisis arrived, His Majesty discovered that his soldiers
had as much aversion to papacy and an arbitrary government, as his
other subjects.
Soon after the Prince of Orange had landed, the Earl of Lichfield
was removed to the first foot guards, and was succeeded in the
colonelcy by Robert Lord Hunsdon, whose commission was dated the
30th of November, 1688.
After the flight of King James to France, Lord Hunsdon refused to
take the required oath to the Prince of Orange, and His Highness
conferred the colonelcy of the regiment on Henry Wharton, a gallant
officer and a zealous protestant, who raised one of the companies of
the regiment at its formation, and possessed the confidence and
affection of the officers and soldiers: at the same time Captain
Richard Brewer, from the fourteenth regiment of foot, was promoted
to the lieut-colonelcy.

1689

In the beginning of 1689 the regiment was stationed in

Oxfordshire: it afterwards proceeded to Hull, where it was inspected,
on the 28th of May, by the commissioners for remodelling the army.
The elevation of the Prince and Princess of Orange to the throne,
under the title of King William and Queen Mary, was resisted in
Ireland; and King James arrived in that country, with a body of
troops, from France. King William sent an army thither, under
Marshal Duke Schomberg, to rescue that part of his dominions from
the power of the Roman Catholics, and the Twelfth regiment,
commanded by Colonel Henry Wharton, was selected to take part in
this service.
Embarking from England in the early part of August, the regiment
arrived in Ireland in the middle of that month; it landed near Bangor,
in the county of Down, without opposition, and encamped on the
beach. The fortress of Carrickfergus was garrisoned by King James's
troops, who were summoned, but refused to surrender; and the first
service performed by the regiment, in the field, was the siege of that
place.
A practicable breach having been made in the works, the regiment
was under arms at six o'clock on the morning of the 27th of August,
to take part in storming the town. The soldiers had arrived at the
trenches, and Colonel Wharton stood with a pike in his hand ready
to give the signal for the attack, when the Irish displayed a white
flag on the walls, and agreed to surrender. Story states, in his
History of the Wars in Ireland, 'Colonel Wharton lay before the
breach with his regiment, and was ready to enter, when the Duke
sent to command his men to forbear, which, with some difficulty,
they were induced to do, for they had a great mind to enter by
force.'
After the surrender of Carrickfergus, the regiment advanced with
the army to Dundalk, and the Duke Schomberg, believing King
James's forces were more than double his own in numbers, formed
an entrenched camp. The situation of this camp was particularly
unfavourable; the ground was low, and the weather proving wet, the
infantry regiments lost many men from disease. The Twelfth
sustained a very serious loss in non-commissioned officers and
soldiers; and on the morning of the 28th of October their
commanding officer, the gallant Colonel Henry Wharton, died. This
officer is represented by historians as possessing a noble disposition,
refined understanding, and lofty sentiments of honour, which, added
to a tall graceful person, and a gallant bearing, occasioned him to be
admired and beloved by the officers and soldiers of his regiment.
Story states,—'Colonel Wharton was a brisk, bold man, and had a
regiment that would have followed him anywhere, for the officers
and soldiers loved him, and this made him ready to push on upon all
occasions.... He was of a comely handsome person, gifted with a
rare understanding.' Colonel Sir Thomas Gower died on the
preceding day, and the remains of these two officers were interred,
on the 30th of October, in a vault in Dundalk church, their regiments
attending and firing three volleys.
King William promoted the lieutenant-colonel of the regiment,
Richard Brewer, to the colonelcy, by commission dated the 1st of
November, 1689.
On the 7th of November the regiment struck its tents and
marched towards Armagh; and it was employed on various services
during the winter.

1690

In February, 1690, the regiment was stationed at Belturbet, with

the Inniskilling horse and dragoons (now sixth), and the Queen
Dowager's foot (now second); and information having been received
that the enemy was assembling a body of troops at Cavan, Colonel
Wolseley left Belturbet on the night of the 10th of February, with
three hundred horse and dragoons, and seven hundred foot of the
second and Twelfth regiments, to surprise the enemy in his quarters.
Encountering difficulties on the march, the day had dawned before
the Colonel came in sight of Cavan, when he was surprised at
discovering four thousand Irish soldiers, commanded by the Duke of
Berwick, formed on a rising ground to oppose him. The Colonel had
only one thousand tired soldiers[6] to attack four thousand fresh
opponents with, but trusting to the valour of his men, he sent the
cavalry forward to commence the action. The enemy's cavalry drove
back the Inniskilling dragoons; but a volley from the English
musketeers, brought down ten Irish horsemen, and the survivors fell
back. Wolseley's infantry formed line and advanced: arriving within
pistol-shot of their opponents, they opened a sharp fire with good
effect, and after a few volleys, drew their swords to charge, but on
the smoke clearing, they discovered that their opponents had fled.
Pursuing the fugitives, they entered the town, and finding stores of
necessaries and provisions, they halted to possess themselves of the
booty; when the Irish rallied and resumed the fight, but were
repulsed by the reserve. After the action the troops returned to
Belturbet.
A numerous body of recruits from England replaced the losses of
the regiment, and in June it brought five hundred musketeers, one
hundred and sixty pikemen, and sixty grenadiers into the field, to
serve under King William III., who commanded the army in Ireland
in person.
The Twelfth regiment, commanded by Colonel Brewer, had the
honour of taking part at the forcing of the passage of the Boyne on
the 1st of July: it formed part of the main body under King William
III., and after fording the river, engaged King James's army, and
contributed to the gaining of a decisive victory. After the loss of this
battle, King James fled to France; but the Irish Roman Catholics,
aided by the French troops, adhered to his interest.
From the field of battle the regiment accompanied King William to
Dublin; it afterwards proceeded to Limerick, but on arriving at
Carrick-on-Suir, it was detached, under Major General Kirke, to
besiege Waterford: the garrison of this place surrendered without
waiting for an attack.
King William afterwards besieged Limerick; but King James's
soldiers made a more resolute defence than appears to have been
expected, and His Majesty was induced to raise the siege, and send
the troops into quarters.
The Twelfth regiment was employed in various services during the
winter, and detached parties of the corps had several rencounters
with the bands of armed peasantry called Rapparees. Towards the
end of December, the regiment was in motion against the enemy,
and on the 31st of that month it approached the town of
Lanesborough, when it encountered some opposition from a body of
Irish troops formed up to oppose its advance. Colonel Brewer led the
regiment forward with great gallantry; some sharp fighting ensued,
and the enemy was driven from the trenches cut across the road,
through the town, and across the river. The Twelfth were unable to
follow their opponents for want of boats or other means to cross the
stream.

1691

From Lanesborough the regiment marched to Mullingar, of which

place its commanding officer, Colonel Brewer, was appointed
governor. The quarters of the regiment were infested with parties of
armed Roman Catholic peasantry, called rapparees, and on the 28th
of April, Colonel Brewer advanced with six hundred men of the
Twelfth and eighteenth regiments, and twenty dragoons, towards
the castle of Donore, beyond which place two thousand rapparees
had taken post and occupied a number of huts. At daybreak the
following morning the soldiers arrived at the quarters of the
rapparees, who formed for battle on the hills; but when the
musketeers of the Twelfth and eighteenth advanced to commence
the action, the enemy fled; the soldiers pursued some distance, and
killed fifty of the fugitives.
Parties of rapparees continued to hover round Mullingar, and on
the 2nd of May, they intercepted a serjeant and four soldiers of the
Twelfth regiment between that place and Kinnegad; they put the
serjeant and three of the soldiers to death, and put out the eyes of
the fourth soldier. Three of the perpetrators of this cruelty were
captured; two of them were hanged on the spot, and the third, to
save his life, guided Captain Poynes and a hundred soldiers of the
regiment, to one of the lurking-places of the rapparees, where the
men of the Twelfth fell suddenly upon a large company of these
marauders, killed forty, dispersed the remainder, and recovered a
quantity of property, which had been taken from the Protestants.
Towards the end of May, one division of the army encamped at
Mullingar, where General De Ginkell arrived and assumed the
command.
From Mullingar the army advanced to the fort of Ballymore, which
was besieged, and surrendered on the 8th of June.
 After repairing the breaches of Ballymore, and putting the place in
a state of defence, the army advanced to Athlone, and on the 20th
of June, the regiment was ordered to support the storming party at
the attack of the Westmeath side of the town. Major-General Mackay
commanded the troops employed on this service, and after making
the necessary arrangements for the attack, took his post on the
battery to see the issue, when he observed that the advanced party
had missed its way and halted. He instantly hastened to the Twelfth
regiment, and taking the first captain he came to by the hand,
pointed the way to the breach. The regiment immediately rushed
forward, stormed the breach in gallant style, and overcoming the
resistance of the Irish, drove them across the bridge to the
Connaught side of the town.
Several batteries were raised against the works on the Connaught
side of the river, and the grenadier company of the Twelfth was
engaged in forcing the passage of the Shannon, and in capturing the
town by storm, on the 30th of June, which was a most desperate
service, and was performed with distinguished valour and intrepidity.
The Irish army, commanded by a French officer of talent and
reputation, General St. Ruth, took up a position near Aghrim, where
it was attacked on the 12th of July. During the action, Major-General
Mackay ordered the Twelfth, and three other regiments, to pass a
difficult bog, ford a rivulet, and drive the Irish from behind the
hedges of the nearest enclosures. The soldiers waded through the
bog and rivulet, which was waist deep, and drove the Irish out of
the first enclosures in gallant style. They afterwards pressed forward
with too much ardour, before the troops designed to support them
had arrived, and becoming insulated, they were attacked in front
and on both flanks by very superior numbers, and driven back to the
edge of the bog. The Irish followed, shouting and plying them with
musketry; but a support arriving under Major-General Talmash, the
four regiments faced about, repulsed their pursuers, and by a
spirited effort recovered their lost ground; the cavalry passed the
bog near the castle of Aghrim, and by a determined charge
completed the overthrow of the Irish army: the French general, St.
Ruth, was killed towards the close of the action by a cannon-ball.
The Twelfth regiment had one major, one captain, one ensign, and
a number of private soldiers killed, one lieutenant, and seven rank
and file wounded.
The regiment afterwards marched with the army to Galway, and
formed part of the force employed in the siege of that place, which
surrendered on the 21st, and was delivered up on the 26th of July.
Major-General Bellasis was appointed governor of Galway, and the
Twelfth, twenty-second, and twenty-third regiments were selected to
form the garrison of that fortress.
During the remainder of the campaign, the Twelfth regiment was
stationed at Galway; and in the autumn, the war in Ireland was
terminated by the surrender of Limerick, which delivered that
country from the power of King James the Second.
The conquest of Ireland enabled King William to withdraw several
regiments from thence to strengthen the allied army in the
Netherlands, assembled to oppose the progress of the French
conquests in that country. The Twelfth regiment marched from
Galway on the 23rd of November, embarked at Kinsale towards the
end of that month, and sailed to Plymouth, where it landed in the
beginning of December.

1692

During the summer of 1692, the regiment was selected to form

part of an expedition against the coast of France, under the
command of the Duke of Leinster: it embarked at Southampton, and
the expedition menaced the French coast at several places,
occasioning much alarm; but the French had assembled so great a
number of regiments to oppose the descent, that a council of war
decided against landing. The troops afterwards sailed to Ostend,
where they landed, and being joined by a detachment from the
confederate army under King William III., they took possession of
the towns of Furnes and Dixmude, which they fortified, to be
occupied as frontier posts during the winter. After these places were
put in a state of defence, the regiment returned to England.

1693

During the year 1693, the regiment remained in Great Britain; but
the loss of the battle of Landen, by King William, rendered it
necessary for the confederate army in Flanders to be augmented,
and Colonel Brewer's was one of the regiments selected to proceed
on service.

1694

The regiment embarked for Flanders in the spring of 1694; it was

stationed at Malines a short time, and afterwards formed part of the
escort which accompanied the train of artillery to the army at
Tirlemont, where it arrived on the 6th of June; on the 10th the
regiment was reviewed by the King, who expressed his approbation
of its appearance and discipline. It was formed in brigade with a
battalion of the Royal, the third, fourth, seventh, and nineteenth
regiments, under Brigadier-General Erle, and was engaged in the
toilsome operations of the campaign, which was passed in
manœuvring, without a general engagement. The regiment formed
part of the covering army during the siege of Huy, and after the
capture of this fortress it was stationed at Bruges.

1695

The progress of the French conquests had been arrested, and in

1694 the current of success flowed in favour of the Confederates. In
1695, King William resolved to undertake the siege of Namur. As a
preparative measure, the Twelfth, and several other regiments,
marched to Dixmude, in May; in June an attack was made on the
fort of Kenoque,—a strong post situate at the junction of the Loo
and Dixmude canals, to draw the French forces to that part of their
line of fortifications. The Twelfth were engaged in this attack; and
they were formed in brigade with the fourteenth, fifteenth, and
seventeenth regiments, under Colonel Leslie; they had several men
killed and wounded. The French troops having taken post behind
their lines, leaving Namur exposed, the King seized the favourable
moment and invested the town. The attack on fort Kenoque was
then discontinued, and the Twelfth marched into garrison at
Dixmude, where three British and five Dutch regiments of foot, and
the Queen's (now third) dragoons, were stationed under a Dutch
officer,—Major-General Ellemberg.
A powerful French army, commanded by Marshal Villeroy,
approached the town of Dixmude, and on the 15th of July the place
was invested by a strong division under General de Montal. The
trenches were opened on the same night, and on the following day a
battery of eight guns and three mortars commenced a heavy fire.
The works beginning to crumble under fire, Major-General Ellemberg
called a council of war of the commanding officers of regiments, and
suggested the necessity of surrendering, using, at the same time,
various arguments to induce the other officers to agree to his
proposal. Colonel Brewer, of the Twelfth foot, remonstrated against
this measure, and recommended a resolute defence of the town to
the last extremity; but a majority in the council of war voted for
surrendering. The garrison expected to march out with the honors of
war; but the French King sent orders to make the whole prisoners of
war. The soldiers in garrison were anxious to be permitted to defend
the town; many of them broke their arms sooner than deliver them
up to the French, and several stands of regimental colours were
destroyed by the men, that they might not become trophies in the
hands of the enemy. The regiments in garrison were all made
prisoners of war, and were marched into the territory subject to
France, Louis XIV. refusing to deliver them up on the conditions of
the cartel previously agreed upon.
In the mean time King William was carrying on the siege of
Namur, and when the citadel was surrendered, he permitted the
garrison to march out with the honors of war, but ordered Marshal
Boufflers to be arrested, and detained, until the regiments made
prisoners by the French at Dixmude, and detained contrary to the
cartel, were delivered up.
This produced the desired effect—the Twelfth, and other corps in
prison, were liberated, and rejoined the army, and the necessary
arms, equipments, and clothing, were procured as speedily as
possible, to enable the regiment to resume its duties; it was
afterwards placed in garrison at Malines.
A general court-martial assembled for the trial of the officers who
delivered up Dixmude and its garrison to the enemy; Major-General
Ellemberg was sentenced to be beheaded, and executed at Ghent on
the 20th of November; Colonels Graham, Leslie, and the Dutch
Colonel Aüer were cashiered; Colonel Brewer of the Twelfth foot,
and the other commanding officers, who remonstrated against the
surrender of the town, were acquitted.

1696

The French monarch made preparations for the invasion of

England in favour of King James, and in the spring of 1696, several
regiments were withdrawn from Flanders, when the Twelfth marched
from Malines to Ostend and Bruges; but the enemy did not venture
to put to sea, and the regiment was not required to embark for
England.
On the 28th of May, the regiment joined the troops encamped
between Ghent and Bruges; it was formed in brigade with the first
battalion of the royals, the fifteenth, and Collingwood's (afterwards
disbanded) regiments, under Brigadier-General the Earl of Orkney,
and served the campaign of this year with the army of Flanders,
under the Prince of Vaudemont. The troops of that army were
encamped behind the Bruges canal, nearly all the summer, to cover
Ghent, Bruges, and the maritime towns of Flanders: in the autumn
the regiment was ordered to occupy quarters in the town of Bruges.

1697
 In the spring of 1697, the English regiments were ordered to
proceed to Brabant, to join the army commanded by King William in
person; the Twelfth foot were, however, detained in Flanders until
the Brandenburg troops arrived, when they marched to Brabant, and
served under the King during the remainder of the campaign. They
were formed in brigade with a battalion of the first royals, and the
fifth, Collier's and Lauder's (afterwards disbanded) regiments,
commanded by the Earl of Orkney.
The regiment was encamped before Brussels, when the war was
terminated by the treaty of Ryswick, and King William saw his
efforts, to prevent the aggrandizement of France by conquest,
attended with complete success. During the winter the regiment
returned to England.
1698
1699

Considerable reductions were made in the establishment of the

army in 1698 and 1699, and the Twelfth were ordered to proceed to
Ireland.

1700
1701

While the regiment was stationed in Ireland, the death of Charles

II., King of Spain, occurred, and he was succeeded by Philip, Duke of
Anjou, grandson of Louis XIV., in violation of existing treaties, which
rekindled the war in Europe.

1702

Various circumstances occurred to induce Great Britain to take

part in the contest, and Queen Anne declared war against France
and Spain, in May, 1702.
The establishment of the Twelfth regiment was augmented, and it
was held in readiness to proceed on foreign service; but it was
detained in Ireland several months, during which period Colonel
Brewer was succeeded in the colonelcy by Lieut.-Colonel Livesay, by
commission, dated the 28th of September 1702.
As soon as hostilities were commenced, Vice-Admiral Benbow,
commanding the British naval force in the West Indies, began an
active warfare against the commerce of the enemy, with some
success. Soon afterwards the Twelfth regiment was ordered to form
part of a powerful armament, designed to be sent to the West
Indies, under Charles Earl of Peterborough who was promoted to the
local rank of General, and a Dutch naval and land force arrived at
Spithead, to accompany the British fleet; but this joint expedition
was laid aside.

1703

The Twelfth regiment embarked for the West Indies during the
winter. In the early part of March, 1703, an unsuccessful attack was
made on the island of Guadaloupe, by the troops under Colonel
Codrington; two regiments landed and gained some advantages, but
the expedition was not of sufficient strength to capture the island.

1704

Additional regiments were afterwards sent to the West Indies:[7]

but nothing of importance took place, and the Twelfth were sent to
the island of Jamaica, where they were stationed during the year
1704.

1705

The regiment sustained very serious losses from the effects of the
climate, and, in 1705, it transferred the non-commissioned officers
and soldiers fit for service, to the twenty-second foot, and the
officers and a few of the serjeants returned to England to recruit.

1706
1707
1708
 During the years 1706 and 1707, the regiment was employed in
recruiting, training, and disciplining its ranks, and having attained a
state of efficiency, it was reported fit for service, and in the spring of
1708, it was held in readiness to serve on board the fleet as
marines.
During the summer, the regiment was encamped in the Isle of
Wight, where it was reviewed, on the 19th of July, by Major-General
Erle, and afterwards embarked on an expedition against the coast of
France, the fleet being under the orders of Admiral Sir George Byng,
and the land forces under Major-General Erle.[8] The fleet sailed
from Spithead on the 27th of July, and menaced the coast of Picardy
with a descent, creating considerable alarm and consternation; a
landing was afterwards effected a few miles from Boulogne, but
nothing of importance was accomplished.
In the mean time, the allied army, commanded by the great Duke
of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy, was carrying on the
siege of the celebrated city of Lisle, the capital of French Flanders,
which was defended by fifteen thousand men, under Marshal
Boufflers. The French and Spaniards, thinking to prevent the allied
army receiving supplies from the coast, detached a body of troops,
under General Count de la Motte, towards Ostend; and the troops
employed in alarming the French coast, were suddenly ordered to
proceed to that port, where they arrived on the 21st of September.
The Twelfth, and other regiments of the expedition, having landed at
Ostend, the French general retired; first cutting the dykes, to lay the
country between Ostend and Nieuport under water, and to prevent
the troops, under Major-General Erle, communicating with the grand
army under the Duke of Marlborough. A strong detachment from the
Twelfth, and two other regiments, seized on Leffinghen, constructed
some works, and established a post at that village.
At this period, the army before Lisle was deficient in ammunition
for carrying on the siege, and the Duke of Marlborough, having
heard of the arrival of the troops at Ostend, and of their having
established a post at Leffinghen, sent seven hundred waggons
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