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Adaline

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Rhitika Ganguli class 12 sec C rollno.25
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14 views6 pages

Adaline

Uploaded by

Rhitika Ganguli class 12 sec C rollno.25
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Adaline (Adaptive Linear Neuron) - A Study Material

Introduction:

Adaline, short for Adaptive Linear Neuron, is a single-layer neural network model developed
by Bernard Widrow and Marcian Hoff in 1960. It is a precursor to more complex neural
networks and forms the foundation for understanding linear classifiers and adaptive learning
algorithms. Unlike the Perceptron, which uses a hard-limit activation function for its output,
Adaline uses a linear activation function during training and applies a threshold function to
the final output for classification. This key difference allows Adaline to utilize the powerful
Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithm for weight adjustments, leading to more stable and
efficient learning.

Key Concepts:

1. Linear Activation Function:


o During training, the output of the weighted sum of inputs is directly used
without any non-linear transformation.
o Mathematically, if the weighted sum is z, the output a is simply:
Solved Problem
Advantages of Adaline:

• Guaranteed Convergence (for linearly separable data): The LMS algorithm is


guaranteed to converge to the optimal weight vector that minimizes the MSE for
linearly separable datasets, provided the learning rate is chosen appropriately.
• Stable Learning: By minimizing the MSE over all training samples, Adaline
provides a more stable learning process compared to the Perceptron, which updates
weights based on individual misclassifications.
• Foundation for More Complex Networks: The concepts of linear activation,
weighted sums, and gradient-based learning (implied by LMS) are fundamental to
understanding more advanced neural network architectures.

Limitations of Adaline:

• Linear Separability: Adaline can only solve linearly separable classification


problems. If the data is not linearly separable, the algorithm will converge to a
suboptimal solution.

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