AN ANALYSIS OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACT IN JANE EYRE MOVIE AND

ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING (ELT).

A RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Submitted to fulfill one the Requirement for Sarjana Pendidukan Degree of

English Education Departement of Faculty of Education and Teacher
Training

By :

Hidayatusyifa Nuzula

2519061

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI PEKALONGAN
2022
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

Language has played an important role in people's lives. As a social being,
humans need language to maintain and strengthen interconnectedness.
Humans use language in almost every aspect of their daily lives, humans
use language as a means of communication including expressing ideas,
conveying messages or information, expressing feelings or just everyday
conversations. Therefore, from birth, people must learn the language, not
only the mother tongue, but also the foreign language, especially English.
As the language used by most people internationally, learning and
mastering English was a must as it impacts our communication skills to
survive in this era of globalization.
A communication act is a social interaction between two or more
participants, each of whom plays the role of speaker and listener.
According to Kurniati (2016:7-13), communication can be verbal and
non-verbal, verbal communication is the type of communication that
occurs through the use of words, it can be spoken or written. This is the
type of communication that people mainly use in their daily lives. People
engage in this type of communication when expressing, exchanging, or
even explaining feelings, emotions, ideas, facts, and information to others.
On the other hand, non-verbal communication is the type of
communication that occurs through the use of signs or silent speech
instead of words.For example, people nod their heads to silently say “yes.”
In verbal communication, the speaker often produces utterances not only
explicitly but also implicitly, which means that these utterances can have a
completely different meaning than the that the speaker actually means
when he says his utterances. Therefore, the listener needs to examine the
context surrounding the conversation at the moment the speaker says his
utterance in order to get the accurate interpretation of the speaker's
utterances, so that the misinterpretation or the misunderstanding between
the speaker and the listener is avoided can . Mey (1993:38) in Amelia and
Firdaus (2018:127) outlined context as the surrounding circumstances in
the broad sense of substitution that enable participants to engage in an
interaction and that make their conversation easily understood. Context
becomes a means of uncovering the meaning of an utterance, since context
completely affects the meaning of what the speaker is saying, meaning that
the same utterance uttered in a different context can have a different
meaning.According to Saifudin (2018), context is divided into two types.
There is a linguistic context, and there is also a non-linguistic context.
Communication occurs in every aspect of life, such as social, political,
economic and cultural. This is usually depicted in several media,
especially in electronic media, such as films. Film is the most influential
media compared to other media because as audio and visual, they work
together to make the audience interested in watching it.
Context is important in the study of pragmatics because context is the
background knowledge that is assumed to be shared by the speaker and
listener and which contributes to the listener's interpretation of what the
speaker meant by giving an utterance. the context side, there are other
aspects of speech; they are the listener and the speaker, the purpose of the
speech, etc.
Communication takes place in all aspects of life, such as social, political,
economic and cultural. This is usually portrayed in various media,
especially electronic media such as movies. Cinema is the most influential
medium compared to other media because, like audio and visuals, they
work together to keep audiences interested in watching. Context is
important in the study of pragmatics because context is the prior
knowledge that is assumed to be shared by the speaker and the listener and
that contributes to the interpretation of what the speaker meant by a
statement. On the context side, there are other aspects of the language;
You are the listener and the speaker, the purpose of the speech, etc.
According to Austin (1962), speech acts are actions performed in order to
say something. Speech act theory states that the action taken in producing
an utterance can be analyzed at three different levels. They are locutionary
act, illocutionary act, perlocutionary act. The locutionary act is more or
less synonymous with uttering a specific sentence with a specific meaning
and reference, which in turn is more or less synonymous with "meaning"
in the traditional sense. Second, illocutionary acts such as informing,
ordering, warming up, and doing.Third, perlocutionary actions are
accomplished by saying something, such as persuasive, persuasive,
deterrent, and even, for example, surprising or deceptive. This study was
conducted to know the types of illocutionary acts in cinema. In addition,
this study also analyzes the contexts that occur in some conversations. The
data used in this study comes from the Jane Eyre movie. The film tells a
love, moral, and education.
In this study, the author will focus exclusively on the analysis of
illocutionary actions. An analysis of illocutionary acts is interesting
because, in addition to their vague nature, which requires pragmatic
knowledge to properly determine the power of illocutionary acts without
misunderstanding, illocutionary acts are frequently found in everyday
conversations. Therefore, in order to achieve effective and harmonious
communication without misunderstandings or misunderstandings. It is
very important for people to learn pragmatics, especially illocutionary
acts, which according to Amelia and Firdaus (2018:129) are an important
part of the study of speech acts. In this sense, the film can be interpreted as
a literary work that always records the growing and evolving reality in
society in order to later project it onto the screen (Irwanto, 1999: 3 quoted
in Primasari, 2014).can be found in the movie. Movie characters can also
perform different types of illocutionary acts. The utterances of the
characters in conversation with other people usually contain certain
intentions (illocutionary power). The ambiguity of illocutionary acts,
where an utterance can have many different illocutionary acts depending
 on the context, makes it difficult for the audience to understand or
determine the exact power of the illocutionary act. However, being able to
observe the context around the conversations that take place between the
characters in the movie can make it easier.Therefore, films can be a
suitable medium in the process of pragmatic teaching and learning of
English. Recently, people are also known to use films for various
purposes. Films are used not only as a means of entertainment, but also as
a means of communication and education. Through movies, people can
learn various aspects related to language, including such branches of
linguistics as syntax, semantics, pragmatics, etc. Movies have a variety of
genres that are loved by people of all ages.
Based on the previous antecedents, the author is interested in an
investigation entitled "AN ANALYSIS OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACT IN
JANE EYRE MOVIE AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ENGLISH
LANGUAGE TEACHING (ELT). The author chose to select "Jane Eyre"
as the object of analysis in this investigation because the author, upon first
seeing this film, realized that the characters in this film often utter their
statements with illocutionary force during conversations with other
characters expressed. . In addition, the film "Jane Eyre" also has an
interesting plot with a full story that contains moral values that make this
film popular with teenagers. In this study, based on Searle's theory, the
author will find and analyze the types of illocutionary acts contained in the
film Jane Eyre. According to Searle (1979:12-30), there are five types of
illocutionary action, namely assertive, directive, compromising,
expressive, and declarative.

B. Research Question
According to the reason of analyzing the problem, the writer states the
statement of the problem follows:
1. What are the type of illocutionary acts found in the move jane
eyre?
 2. What is the most dominant type of illocutionary act found the the
movie jane eyre?
3. What is the contribution of the movie jane eyre in English
Language Teaching (ELT)?

C. Previous Studies
There are some previous studies related to the present studies
entitled “An Analysis of Illocutionary Act in Jane Eyre Movie and its
contribution in English Language Teaching (ELT)” which are used as the
guidelines in conducting the present study.
Ribka Simbolon & Tiara Pasaribu (2009)conducted a study entitled
"An Analysis of Illocutionary Acts In New Moon Movie". The findings
indicated that New Moon movie applied five types of illocutionary acts:
declarations, representatives, expressives, directives, and commissives.
The total calculations and percentages of illocutionary acts in each type are
declarations 57 (15.04%), representatives 114 (30.08%), expressives 43
(11.35%), directives 127 (33.50%), commissives 38 (10.03%). The
dominant type of illocutionary acts is directives 127 (33.50%).
Wulan Angelia & Ambalegin (2019), conducted a study entitled
"ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS ON ALADDIN MOVIE 2019". It was found
the 30 utterances of illocutionary acts. The data were classified into five;
directives, assertives, declaratives, commissives, and expressives). From
30 illocutionary acts, directives were the most frequent types of
illocutionary act because the main characters mostly expressed their
utterances in direct way such as by ordering, requesting, asking and
commanding. conversely, the declarative type of illocutionary act was not
appeared in this research because the characters that performed the
utterance contained illocutionary act were not selected as the data to
analyze. The functions of types of illocutionary acts were directive (ask,
command, order, request, beg, plead, pray, entreat, invite, permit, and
advise), assertives (description ,a claim ,a statement of fact , a report ,and a
 conclusion), declaratives (forbidding, classifying, forgiving), commissives
(committing, promising, offering, threatening, refusing,), expressives
(apologizing, thanking, congratulating, condoling, deploring, and
welcoming).
Hidayani, Yuniar Azzizah (2021). An Analysis of Illocutionary
Acts Found in The Movie “Toy Story 4.” The result of the research, it is
shown that there are the entire five types of illocutionary acts. From the
total 417 utterances which contain illocutionary act, there were 164
utterances belong to assertive, 163 utterances belong to directive, 66
utterances belong to expressive , 23 utterances belong to commissive, and
1 utterance belong to declarative illocutionary act, the most dominant type
of illocutionary acts which are performed by the main characters of the
movie “Toy Story 4” – Woody & Bo Peep – are assertive (39,33 % out of
100%), and directives (39.09% out of 100%). In addition, the result of this
research can be contributed as a teaching media in teaching English.
Puspitasari, Zahra (2018), study entitled ANALYSIS OF SPEECH
ACT IN HANSEL AND GRETEL WITCH HUNTERS MOVIE AND
ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ELT, find that some results of this study were
as follows: 1) The writer found 77 utterances of representative, 162
utterances of directive, 62 utterances of commissive, 130 utterances of
expressive, and 169 utterances of declarative 2) It also reflected based on
some characters on its movie 3) This can be a reference to study about
speech acts. From the study findings and discussion, it is concluded that all
the utterances in the movie script has contribution to English Language
Teaching (ELT). Based on the conclusion, the writer would like to offer
some suggestions: 1) The students should explore more about speech act
theories based on some experts, like Austin and Searle's theory 2) The
researcher can be analyzed more deeply this movie which many types of
speech act there.

D. References
Amelia, F, AY Firdaus (2018). Speech Act of Requests Found in
Different Rating Film. Academic Journal Prespective: Education,
Language, and Literature 6 (2), 126-143.

Azzizah, Yuniar(2021). AN ANALYSIS OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACT

FOUND IN THE MOVIE “TOY STORY 4”.

Kurniati, DPY. (2016). Modul Komunikasi Verbal Dan Non Verbal.

Denpasar: Universitas Undayana: Fakultas Kedokteran.

Primasari, W. (2014). Heroisme Amerika dalam film. Makna:Jurnal

Kajian Komunikasi, Bahasa, Budaya 4 (2), 35-53.

Saifudin, A. (2018). Konteks Dalam Studi Linguistik Pragmatik. Lite:

Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Budaya 14(2), 108-117.

Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and Meaning: Studies in The Theory of

Speech Act. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Prakarsa, Dewa Gede Bayu (2017). The Analysis of Illocutionary Acts in

the Titanic Movie. Jurnal Humanis, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Unud 21(2),
120-123.