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AP_&_GP_-_Study_Notes

The document provides study notes on progressions in quantitative aptitude, detailing Arithmetic Progression (AP), Geometric Progression (GP), and Harmonic Progression (HP). It includes formulas for finding the nth term and the sum of the first n terms for both AP and GP, along with examples for better understanding. Additionally, it explains the concepts of Arithmetic Mean, Geometric Mean, and Harmonic Mean in relation to these progressions.

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pky090996
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14 views13 pages

AP_&_GP_-_Study_Notes

The document provides study notes on progressions in quantitative aptitude, detailing Arithmetic Progression (AP), Geometric Progression (GP), and Harmonic Progression (HP). It includes formulas for finding the nth term and the sum of the first n terms for both AP and GP, along with examples for better understanding. Additionally, it explains the concepts of Arithmetic Mean, Geometric Mean, and Harmonic Mean in relation to these progressions.

Uploaded by

pky090996
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AP & GP - Study

Notes

Quantitative Aptitude

Copyright © 2014-2023 TestBook Edu Solutions Pvt. Ltd.: All rights reserved
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Progression
An arrangement of numbers in definite order is called “Progression”.

Progression can be classified into three types:

1.) Arithmetic Progression

2.) Geometric Progression

3.) Harmonic Progression

Arithmetic Progression

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 1 of 12


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nth term of Arithmetic Progression


Let Arithmetic progression a1, a2, a3, . . . . . . , an.

nth term (an) = a + (n – 1) d.

Where,
a is first term
n is number of terms
d is common difference

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 2 of 12


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Q.) Find the 20th term of the A.P : 20, 24, 28, 32 . . . . . . .
A.) Sequence 20, 24, 28, 32 . . . . . . .
Here, First term (a1) = 20

Common difference (d) = 24 – 20 = 4

Number of term (n) = 20

nth term of A.P = a + (n – 1) d

⇒ 20 + (20 – 1) 4

⇒ 20 + (19) × 4

⇒ 96

∴ 20th term of the above series is 96

Sum of first n term of Arithmetic Progression

Where,
a is first term
n is number of terms
d is common difference

Q.) In an arithmetic progression if first term is 10 and common difference is also 10, then find
the sum of first 28th term.

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 3 of 12


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A.) First term (a) = 10,


Common difference (d) = 10

Number of terms (n) = 28

⇒ 28/2 [2 × 10 + (28 -1)10]


⇒ 28/2 [20 +270]
⇒ 14 × 290 = 4,060
∴ sum of first 28th term is 4,060

Sum of first n term of Arithmetic Progression when first term and last term are given.

Where,
a is First term
n is number of terms
d is common difference

Q.) In an arithmetic progression first term is 10 and last term is 280 then find the sum of first
20th term.

A.) First term (a) = 10


Last term (l) = 280

Number of term (n) = 20

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 4 of 12


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⇒ 10 × 290

⇒ 2,900

∴ Sum of first 20th term is 2,900

Arithmetic Mean
If a, b, c are in AP, then b = (a + c)/2

b is called the arithmetic mean of a and c

Geometric Progression

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 5 of 12


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nth term of Geometric Progression


Let Geometric progression a1, a2, a3, . . . . . . , an.

nth term (an) = ar(n – 1)

Where,
a is first term
n is number of terms
r is common ratio

Q.) Find the 15th term of the G.P: 1200, 600, 300, . . . . . . . . 6th term

A.) Sequence 1200, 600, 300, . . . . . . . . 6th term


First term (a) = 1200

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 6 of 12


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Common ratio (r) = 600/1200 = 1/2

Number of terms = 6

nth term (an) = ar(n – 1)

⇒ 1200 × (1/2)(6 – 1)

⇒ 1200 × (1/2)5

⇒ 1200/32

⇒ 37.5

∴ 15th term of GP is 37.5

Sum of first n term of Geometric Progression (When r > 1)

Where,
a is first term
n is number of terms
r is common ratio

Q.) A geometric progression 10, 20, 40, 80, . . . . . . . .10th term. Then find the sum of G.P.

A.) G.P = 10, 20, 40, 80, . . . . . . . .10th term


First term = 10

Common ratio = 20/10 = 2

Number of terms = 10

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 7 of 12


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Sum of first n term of Geometric Progression (When r < 1)

Where,
a is first term
n is number of terms
r is common ratio
Q.) A geometric progression 30, 6, 1.2 . . . 15th term. Then find the sum of G.P.
A.) G.P = 30, 6, 1.2, . . . 15th term
First term = 30

Common ratio = 6/30 = 1/5

Number of terms = 15

Sum of nth term in G.P

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 8 of 12


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∴ sum of G.P is

Sum of infinite terms of Geometric Progression

Where,
S∞ is Sum of infinite terms of Geometric Progression

a is First term
r is Common ratio
Q.) Find the sum of G.P 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16 . . . . ∞
A.) Sequence = 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16 . . . ∞

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 9 of 12


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First term = 1/2

Common ratio = (1/4) ÷ (1/2)

⇒ 1/2

⇒ (1/2) ÷ (1/2)

⇒1

∴ Sum of infinite terms is 1

Geometric Mean
If a, b, c are in G.P., then b = √ac

b is called the Geometric mean of a and c

Harmonic Progression

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 10 of 12


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Formula derivation of a H.P


Let the a
​ 1, a2, a3 ………an is an A.P. whose common difference is d.

Then, a1 = a

a2 = a + d

a3 = a + 2d

a4 = a + 3d

And, so on…….

an = a + (n – 1)d

if are in H.P

Then nth term of HP =

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 11 of 12


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Q.) Determine the 4th and 8th term of the harmonic progression 6, 4, 3…..
A.) H.P = 6, 4, 3
Now, let us take the arithmetic progression from the given H.P

Consider 1/6, /14, 1/3……


Here T2 – T1 = T3 – T2 = 1/12
Therefore 1/6, 1/4, 1/3 is in A.P.
4th term of this Arithmetic Progression = 1/6 + 3 × (1/12) = (1/6) + (1/4) = 5/12,
Eighth term = (1/6) + 7 × (1/12) = 9/12

Since H.P is the reciprocal of an A.P, we can write the values as:

4th term of an H.P = 1/4th term of an A.P = 12/5

8th term of an H.P = 1/8th term of an A.P = 12/9 = 4/3

Harmonic Mean
If a, b, c are in H.P., then b = 2ac/(a + c)

b is called the Harmonic mean of a and c

SUBJECT | Quantitative Aptitude 12 of 12

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