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Lecture 5Functional anatomy of joints

The document outlines the classification of joints, distinguishing between continuous articulations (like syndesmoses and synchondroses) and discontinuous or synovial joints. It details the obligatory elements of joints, including articular surfaces and capsules, as well as supplementary elements like ligaments and intraarticular cartilages. Additionally, it presents anatomic and biomechanical classifications of joints based on their structure and movement capabilities.

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2 views19 pages

Lecture 5Functional anatomy of joints

The document outlines the classification of joints, distinguishing between continuous articulations (like syndesmoses and synchondroses) and discontinuous or synovial joints. It details the obligatory elements of joints, including articular surfaces and capsules, as well as supplementary elements like ligaments and intraarticular cartilages. Additionally, it presents anatomic and biomechanical classifications of joints based on their structure and movement capabilities.

Uploaded by

parthdobariya787
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as KEY, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JOINTS OF BONES

V.Sh. Vagapova
Ph.D., professor
Chief of the Department
Of Human Anatomy
CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS:
- CONTINUOUS ARTICULATIONS
- SYMPHYSES
- DISCONTINUOUS OR SYNOVIAL JOINTS
There are three kinds of continuous
articulations:
- syndesmoses
- synchondroses
- synostoses
Syndesmoses are:
- sutures
- ligaments
- membranes
- gomphoses
There are three kinds of suture:
- plane
- serrate
- squamos
Serrate sutures:
-sagital suture
-coronoidal suture
-lamdoidal suture
ligaments membranes
Synchondroses:
- constant
- temporary
SYMPHYSE
S
Obligatory elements of joints:
- articular surfaces
- an articular capsule
- joint cavity, filled
with
synovial fluid
Articular surfaces can be:
- congruent
- incongruent
Articular cartilage may be:
- hyaline
- fibrous
The articular capsule is made
up of two layers:
- fibrous membrane
- synovial membrane
Supplementary elements of synovial
joints:
- ligaments
- intrarticular cartilages
- synovial bursae
- adipose body
Ligaments can localize in different
places:
- within the capsule (capsular lig.)
- outside of capsule (extracapsular lig.)
- inside of cavity (intracapsular lig.)
Intraarticular cartilages are:
- articular discs
- articular menisci
- articular labrum
Anatomic classification:
- simple and compound joints
- complex and combination joints
Biomechanical classification:
- uniaxial - hinge (the humeroulnar j.)
- pivot (the radioulnare)
- biaxial - ellipsoid (the radiocarpeal)
- condylar (the atlanto-occipital)
- saddle (the carpometacarpal of
the thumb)
- multiaxial - spherical (shoulder j.)
- flat (sacroiliac j.)
There are three axes:
- frontal (flexion and extension)
- sagittal (abduction and adduction)
- vertical (rotation)

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