Department of Mechanical Engineering, B M S C E

PROJECTIONS OF LINES

1. A line PQ is inclined to HP at 30° and 45° to VP and measures 70 mm. The point P is 20 mm above HP and 15 mm in front of VP.
Draw its projections.

2. Draw the projections of a line AB,l00 mm long inclined at 30° to HP and 45° to VP. The end A of the line is 20 mm above HP and 25
mm in front of VP. The line slopes upward forward right from A to B.

3. A line AB 80 mm long has its end A both in HP and VP, and inclined at 30° to HP and 45° to VP. Draw the projections of the line
AB. Find the apparent inclinations of the top and front views with the XY line. Also measure the distance between the end projectors.

4. A straight-line PQ, 75 mm long is inclined at 45° to HP and 30° to VP. The point P is 80 mm from the planes of projection and the
point Q is nearer to the said planes. Draw the projections.

5. Draw the projections of a straight-line AB, 80 mm long, inclined at 30° to HP and 60° to VP. The end A is 15 above HP and 20 mm
in front of VP.

6. The midpoint of a line AB is 60 mm above HP and 50 mm in front of VP. The line measures 80mm and is inclined at 30° to HP and
45° to VP. Draw its projections.

7. A line has one end in HP and the other end in VP. It is inclined at 30° to HP and 45° to VP. Length of the line is 80 mm. Draw the
three views of the line and measure the distance between the end projectors in the front view. How far the end A is in front of VP?

8. A line PQ 75 mm long has its end P in VP and the end Q in HP. The line is inclined at 30° to HP and 60° to VP. Draw its projections.

9. A line AB 90 mm long is inclined at 45° to HP and 30° to VP. A point C lies on the line such that it is 40 mm from the end A, and 60
mm above HP and 50 mm in front of VP. The end B is nearer to VP and higher than the end A. Obtain the projections of the line.
Measure the distances of the ends A and B from HP and VP.

10. A line has its end A, 15 mm above HP and 10 mm in front of VP. The end B is 55 mm above HP and the line is inclined at 30° to HP.
The distance between the end projectors when measured parallel to the XY line is 50 mm. Draw the projections of the line. Determine
the true length of the line and its inclination with VP.

11. A line AB is 90 mm long. It is inclined at 45° to HP. Its front view measures 70 mm. The end A is 15 mm above HP and 25 mm in
front of VP. The B end is higher than the end A. Draw the projections of the line AB. Determine: (i) its inclination with VP and (ii)
the length of its top view.

12. The top view of a line PQ, 75 mm long measures 50 mm. The end P is 30 mm in front of VP and 15 mm above HP. The end Q is 15
mm in front VP and above HP. Draw the projections of the line PQ and find its true inclinations with HP and VP.

13. The top view of a 75 mm long line CD measures 50 mm. The mid-point of the line is 60 mm in front of VP and 50 mm above HP.
The point D is 40 mm in front of VP. Draw its projections and find its inclinations with HP and VP.

14. The top view pq of a straight line is 70 mm long and makes an angle of 60° with the XY line. The point Q is 10 mm in front of VP
and 30 mm above HP. The difference between the distances of P and Q above the HP is 45 mm. Draw the projections. Determine its
true length and true inclinations.

15. A line AB measuring 70 mm has its end A 15 mm in front of VP and 20 mm above HP, and the other end B, 60 mm in front of VP
and 50 mm above HP. Draw the projections of the line and find the inclinations of the line with both the reference planes of projection.

16. The front view of a line 90 mm long is inclined at 45° to the XY line, a'b' being 65 mm long. a' is 15 mm above the XY line. End A
is in VP. Draw projections of the line and find its inclinations with HP & VP.

17. A line having one of its end 10 mm above HP and 15 mm in front of VP is inclined at 30° to HP and 45° to VP. Its top view is 50 mm
long. Draw the projections of the line and find out its true length.

18. The left view of a line AB 80 mm long makes an angle of 40° to the XY line. Draw the top and front views of the line when the length
of the left view is 50 mm. Take the point A to be 15 mm above HP and 60mm in front of VP and the point B being nearer to VP.

19. One end of the line is 10 mm in front of VP and 20 mm above HP. The line is inclined at 40° to VP and the left view of the line is 50
mm long and inclined at 30° to the XY line. Draw the three views of the line find its true length and true inclination with HP.

20. The distance between the projectors passing through the end points of a line AB along the XY line is 40 mm. The end A is 20 mm
above HP and 15 mm in front of VP. The end B is 45 mm in front of VP. The line AB appears to be 65 mm long in the front view.
Complete the projections. Find the true length of the line and its inclinations with HP and VP.

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 Department of Mechanical Engineering, B M S C E

21. The point B of a line AB is on the horizontal plane and ab, the top view of the line makes an Ingle of 30° with the XY line, ab being
80 mm. The point A lies on the vertical plane and 50 mm above the horizontal plane. Draw the top and front views of the line and
obtain the true length of the line. Also find the inclinations of HP the line with the two planes.

22. A line AB is 80mm long. The end A is touching VP & 10 mm above HP. The ends B is 50 mm in front of VP & 40 mm above HP.
Draw the projections of the line AB & find the distance between the end projectors when measured parallel to the line of intersection
of HP & VP. Also find the inclination of the line with HP & VP.

23. The projections of a line measuring 80 mm in the top view and 70 mm in the front view. The mid-point of the line is 45 mm in front
of VP and 35 mm above HP. One end is 10 mm in front of VP and nearer to it. The other end is nearer to HP. Draw the projections of
the line, find the true length and true inclinations.

24. A line 75 mm long has one end at the lines of intersection of HP, VP and PP, and the other end is equidistant from all the three planes
of projection. Draw the projections of the line and find the inclinations of the line with HP, VP and PP.

25. The end A of a line AB is in HP and 25 mm in front of VP. The end B is in VP and 50 mm above HP. The distance between the end
projectors when measured parallel to the line of intersection of HP and VP is 65 mm. Draw the projections & determine its true length
& true inclinations with HP& VP.

26. A line measuring 80 mm has one of its ends 40 mm in front of VP and 15 mm above HP and the other end is in front of VP and is 40
mm above HP. The front view of the line is 50 mm long. Draw the top and front views of the line and find the inclinations of the line
with HP and VP.

27. Draw the projections of a line AB 90 mm long, midpoint M being 50 mm above HP & 40mm in front of VP. The end A is 20 mm
above HP & 10 mm in front of VP. Find its inclinations with VP & HP.

28. A point P is 40 mm above HP and 20 mm in front of VP. Another point Q is 20 mm above HP and 50 mm in front of VP. The top
view of the line is inclined at 30° to the XY line. Draw the top and front views of the line. Find (a) True length and (b) Inclinations
with the two planes of projection.

29. The front view of a line is 80 mm in length and makes 40° with the XY line. Its mid-point C is 60 mm in front of VP and 60 mm
above HP. The end A is 30 mm in front of VP and nearer to HP Draw the top and front views of the line. Determine true length and
inclinations of the line with HP & VP.

30. The top and front views of a line are inclined at 35°and 50° to the XY line respectively. One end of the line is touching both HP and
VP. The other end is 50 mm above HP and in front of VP. Find the true length and true inclinations of the line with HP and VP.

31. The front view of a line AB 125 mm long measures 85 mm and its top view measures 100 mm. The mid-point M being 65 mm from
both the planes. Draw the projections of the line AB and find the inclinations of the line with HP and VP.

32. The front view of a line AB measuring 100 mm long is 60 mm and its top view is 90 mm long. Its end B is 30 mm from both the
planes. Draw the projections and find its inclinations with HP & VP.

33. The top view of a line AB, 80 mm long measures 65 mm and the length of the front view is 50 mm. The end A is on HP and 15 mm
in front of VP. Draw the projections of the line AB and determine its inclinations with HP and VP.

34. The top view of a line PQ is 70 mm long while its front view is 60 mm long. The end Q is nearer to HP than P, and Q is also nearer
to VP than P. The distance between the end projectors of the line when measured parallel to the line of intersection of HP and VP is
50 mm. Determine its true length and inclinations with the reference planes.

35. A line PQ is inclined to both HP and VP by 30° and 45° respectively. One of its ends P is at distance of 10 mm from HP and 15 mm
from VP. The distance between the end projectors is 45 mm. Draw the top, front and right-side views of the line. Determine the true
length of the line and the distances of the end Q from VP and HP.

36. A line PQ is inclined at 30° to HP and its top view is inclined at 30° to XY line. The front view of the line is 60 mm long. The point
P is 30 mm from both HP and VP. Draw its projections.

37. A straight-line AB, 150 mm long has its end A on the horizontal plane at a distance of 45 mm in front of the vertical plane. It is parallel
to the vertical plane and inclined to the horizontal plane at 30°. Now it is slowly turned about the end A, keeping the inclination with
the horizontal plane constant, so that the end B just touches the vertical plane. Draw the projections of AB in this position and
determine the true inclination of AB with the vertical plane. What is the distance between the end projectors when measured parallel
to the XY line?

38. The top view ab of a straight-line AB is 60 mm long and makes an angle of 30° with the XY line. The end A is in VP & 30 mm above
HP. The ends B is 65 mm above HP. Draw the projections of the line AB & determine: (i) the length of the front view of the line AB,
(ii) its true length & (iii) inclinations with the reference planes.

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 Department of Mechanical Engineering, B M S C E

39. Draw the projections of a straight-line AB 100mm long having its midpoint M, 25mm above HP and 35mm in front of VP. A is in
HP and B is in VP. Find inclinations of the line with HP and VP.

40. The front view of a line is 50 mm long and 50° to XY line. The line is inclined at 30° to VP. Draw the projections of the line and
find its true length and true inclination with HP. One end is nearer to HP and the other end is nearer to VP.

41. A room is 5 m x 3 m x 4 m high. An electric lamp is suspended vertically from the centre of the ceiling at a distance of 0.8m from it.
Find the distance of the lamp from anyone of the ground corners and slope angle of the connecting line with the ground.

42. A room is 5 m x 4 m x 3 m high. Determine graphically the length of the diagonal of the space.

43. A room is 5 m long, 4 m wide and 4.5 m high. A fan is suspended vertically from the centre of the ceiling at a distance of 0.75 m
from it. Find the distance of the fan from anyone of the ground corners and the slope angle of the connecting line with the ground.

44. A room is 6 m x 5 m x 3.5 m high. An object is placed 1.2 m above the ground and in the centre of the room. Determine graphically
its distance from one of the corners between the roof & the adjacent walls.

45. An auditorium of a college is having 100 m length, 50 m width and 20 m height. A light point is fitted at the centre of the roof, & its
switch is kept on one of the side walls of the auditorium, 3.5 m above the floor &10 m from one of the adjacent walls. Find the
distance between the light point & its switch.

46. One end of a pole 4-meter-long rests against a wall and the other on the top of a box. The box is 1 metre high. The pole makes 40°
with the top of the box and 25° with the wall. Draw the projections and find the height of the end of the pole which rests against the
wall. Scale 1: 50.

47. A 5 metre pole rests with its end A resting against a wall and the other end B resting on the ground. A is 2 m above the ground and
B is 3 m in front of the wall. Draw the top view and the front views of the pole to a scale of 1: 50. Find the true inclinations of the
pole with the wall and the ground.

48. A divider opened at 45° is so placed on the ground such that both the ends are equidistant from VP and the hinged end is 50 mm
above the ground and nearer to VP. If the distance between the ends is 80 mm, draw the projections and determine the true lengths
of the legs of the divider. Also determine the inclinations of each leg with the reference planes.

49. A divider is opening at 40° and two of its needles rest on HP, are 60 mm apart and are 20 mm from VP. It is tilted such that, the
hinged end is 40 mm above HP. Find the distance of the hinged end from VP and draw all the principal views.

50. Three vertical poles AB, CD and EF are respectively 2 m, 4 m and 8 m long. Their ends B, D and F are on the ground and form the
comers of an equilateral triangle of 5 m long sides Determine graphically the distances between the top ends of the poles, viz., AC,
CE AE, also the inclination of these with the ground. Scale 1:50.

51. A chimney of a boiler is 10 m high and 2 m in diameter. This chimney is supported by guy wires which appear in top view at 120°
to each other. The ends of the wires are pegged to the ground at distances of 3 m, 4 m and 5 m from the centre of the chimney. The
other ends the wire are connected to the top of the chimney. Find the length of the three guy wires.

52. A straight road going uphill from a point A due East to another point B, is 4 km long and has a slope of 15°. Another straight road
from B, due 30° East of North, to a point C is also 4 km long but is on a level ground. Determine the length and slope of the straight
road joining the points A and C. Scale 1:40000.

53. A pipe line from point A has a downward gradient 1:5 and it runs due South - East. Another Point B is 12 M from A and due East of
A and in same level of A. Pipe line from B runs 15 0 due East of South and meets pipe line from A at point C. Draw projections and
find length of pipe line from B and its inclination with ground.

54. A straight road going uphill from a point A due west to another point B, is 4km long and has an upward slope 15°.Another straight
road from B, due 30° west of North, to a point C is also 4km long, but is on a level ground. Determine the length and slope of the
straight road joining points A and C.

55. Two oranges on a tree are respectively 1.8 meter and 3 metre above the ground, & 1.2 metre & 2.1 meter from a 0.3-metre-thick wall
but on the opposite sides of it. The distance between the oranges measured along the ground & parallel to the wall is 2.7 meter.
Determine the real distance between the oranges.

56. Two poles are fixed on the ground so that they are 12 m apart. The guy ropes are attached to appoint 15 m above the ground on the
top of a building. The points of attachment on the poles are 7.5 m and 4.5 m above the ground, the ropes make 45° and 30° respectively
with the ground. Draw the top and front views of the arrangement. Find the length of the guy ropes.