Paper Vol.

-6, Issue-9, S2 E-ISSN: 2347-2693

Impact Of Industrialization On Environment In India

Asst Prof. Megha Sagar Patil1, Sairaj Satish Suryavanshi2

1
Assistant Professor of BCA Department, Vivekanand College (Autonomous) Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
2
Student of BCA Department, Vivekanand College (Autonomous) Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Industrialization brought economic prosperity; furthermore, it has led to an increase in population,

urbanization, obvious stress on basic survival systems, pushing the environmental impacts closer to the
limits of the tolerance threshold. With booming industrial growth and a relatively low landmass,
environmental sustainability is now becoming an important deciding factor in the industrial development
process. The accumulation of evidence consistently indicates that the transition of existing industries into
the eco-industrial network through the effective implementation of ecological approaches provides a
viable solution to preserve the region's natural resources while improving the regional economy on a
lasting basis. After a rigorous assessment of previous and current situations, it necessitates proper
planning and an integrated framework that is in harmony with the environment.

Empirical knowledge about the affected area helps to understand the local context and to develop other
action plans based on the realities on the ground. To this end, a study was carried out on industrial
pollution and the current environmental context of India.
Air pollution, poor waste management, increasing water scarcity, declining groundwater, water pollution,
forest conservation and quality, biodiversity loss, and land degradation. Soils and soils are some of the
major environmental issues facing India today.

Keywords – Earth, Environment, Global, Impact, Industrialization, Pollution.

I. INTRODUCTION natural elements such as water, air, soil, and

fishing that are considered positive and fertile
Since the days of the industrial and technological goods. Water, soil, and air pollution are defined as
revolution, economic growth has been considered a by-product of economic development in industry
the most important foundation of global growth. and cities. The consequences are global warming
Industrial growth has begun with serious downside and greenhouse effects, which are massive effects
problems affecting the entire environment. human of industrialization on the environment. The
need and greed. These industries include transport deterioration of the whole environment and
and production, which deplete the earth's resources ecosystem tends to become permanent and have
but also place enormous strains on the various negative effects on the economy, causing
environment and the ecosystem. The productivity human loss, poor health of employees with high
of industries generally depends on the available costs to governments, industry, and society.
natural resources.
The constant air and water pollution with its
The effects of industrialization on the environment harmful pollutants affect people's quality of life.
have led the way with certain positive and large The rapid growth of the industry is causing
negative results, with progressive rates and harmful effects on human life and polluting water
inventions. There is a multitude of ingenious and air. Air and water pollution are therefore the
main problems in The establishment of other is frequently cited as one of the primary causes of
industries increases the main difficulties of water global warming. As a result of these greenhouse
and soil degradation. gases, the temperature of the atmosphere rises,
creating global warming. Global warming has
numerous negative effects both on the ecological
balance as well as human health. It frequently
II. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS causes glaciers and snow-capped mountains to
There are four main hit points when it comes to melt, causing higher water levels in oceans and
industrialization. rivers, increasing the risk of flooding. Apart from
this, global warming also often has multiple major
1. Air health concerns on humans such as an increase in
2. Water diseases like Lyme, malaria, cholera, dengue, and
3. Soil plague, among others.
4. Habitat
2. Acid Rain
Pollution of the Environment:
Industries often generate enormous amounts of
The introduction of hazardous chemicals, nitrogen and sulfur gases into the Earth’s
particulate matter, toxic substances, and biological atmosphere. When these gases react with water
organisms into the Earth's atmosphere is referred vapors in the atmosphere, they generally transform
to as air pollution. Air pollution is caused by a into more aggressive gases, particularly nitric acid
variety of factors, but industry and factory and sulphuric acid correspondingly. The rain
emissions are frequently cited as major containing considerable concentrations of these
contributors. acids is known as acid rain. Acid rain has different
health and natural dangers. It causes the erosion of
monuments and buildings, makes the soil acidic in
nature, resulting in diminution of plant and animal
growth, among other concerns. Apart from this,
acid rain causes major health diseases such as
cancer, skin disorders, and even death.

Pollution in the Water:

The industry is a major source of water pollution,

releasing pollutants that are exceedingly damaging
to people and the environment, particularly in
(Fig. 1) areas where factories are situated near natural
[Source: http://environmentinsider.com/wp- water sources. Toxins can take a range of forms,
content/uploads/2014/06/ase17.jpg] including solid, liquid, and gaseous, and they can
all contaminate local water supplies. Even landfills
Industrial air pollution has a slew of negative and other waste disposal places, like the River
environmental consequences and health risks. Ganga, can seep poisons into the surrounding
Below, we go over a few of them in detail. water supply, causing pollution.

1. Warming of the Planet Among the pollutants emitted by industrial

sources are:
Global warming is often recognized to be one of
the most dangerous and serious consequences of 1. Sulfur - is a mineral that is found in the
air pollution created by industry and other soil.
stationary sources. The release of certain gases, This is a non-metallic material that is toxic to
such as methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), marine life.
which are collectively known as greenhouse gases,
 2. Asbestos – This contaminant is known to that necessitate considerable knowledge of
cause cancer. It can cause illnesses like geology, hydrology, chemistry, computer
asbestosis and several types of cancer when modeling, and GIS in Environmental
inhaled. Contamination, as well as an understanding of
industrial chemistry's history.
3. Mercury and lead –
Habitat:
These are metallic elements that can harm humans industrialization has led to catastrophic habitat
and animals' health and the environment. It's also degradation. Forests are hacked down for their
dangerously poisonous. Because it is non- lumber, and ecosystems are destroyed to develop
biodegradable, it is usually difficult to remove it roads, strip mining, and gravel pits. Destroying
from the environment once it has gotten into it. these habitats disturbs local ecosystems and leads
to plant and animal extinction if the species are
Pollution caused by the oil industry: unable to move or adapt to their new
circumstances.
Shipping, run-offs, and oil dumping on the ocean's
surface occur on a daily basis. Oil spills account
for around 12% of all oil entering the ocean. Oil
spills are particularly dangerous to nearby marine III. THE IMPACT OF INDUSTRIALIZATION
animals such as fish, birds, and sea otters, as well
as other aquatic life. Because oil does not disperse, The most serious issue is air pollution, which is
it clings to the surface of the water, suffocating caused by the smoke and fumes produced by the
fish. Seabirds' feathers become entangled with oil, burning of fossil fuels. The Environmental
making it harder for them to fly. As a result, some Protection Agency (EPA) of the United States
animals perish. controls more than 80 different poisons found in
industrial pollution, ranging from asbestos and
Pollution of the Soil: dioxin to lead and chromium. Despite these
limitations, industries are among the world's most
Another issue that arises as a result of polluting sources of air pollution.
industrialization is soil contamination. Although
lead pollution is the most common, other heavy
metals and harmful compounds can also leak into
the soil and contaminate any crops that grow there.
The presence of xenobiotics (human-made)
chemicals or other modifications in the natural soil
environment produce soil contamination or
pollution as part of land degradation. Industrial
activities, agricultural chemicals, and inappropriate
waste disposal are the most common causes.
Petroleum hydrocarbons, polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbon solvents, insecticides, lead, and other
heavy metals are the most prevalent compounds
involved.
(Fig. 2)
The degree of industrialization and the intensity of [Source:
chemical compounds are linked to contamination. https://cff2.earth.com/uploads/2016/12/19122358/i
Health concerns from direct contact with ndustrialization-stock.jpg]
contaminated soil, fumes from toxins, or secondary
pollution of water supplies inside and beneath the Water pollution is an issue in these locations as
soil are the main reasons for concern about soil well, particularly in areas where factories are
contamination. Contaminated soil mapping and located near natural water sources. Toxins can take
cleanups are time-consuming and costly activities a range of forms, including solid, liquid, and
gaseous, and they can all contaminate local water regulation will require many years. There are
supplies. Even landfills and other waste disposal numerous measures that can be performed to find
places can seep poisons into surrounding water long-term answers to the situation.
supplies, causing contamination such as that seen
in the Nile River.
Controlling the source
Adopting new technology, providing effective
The Cycle of Carbon employee training for safe use, developing better
waste disposal equipment, and being more mindful
Another issue that arises as a result of about the use of raw materials can all assist to
industrialization is soil contamination. Although reduce industrial pollution at its source.
lead pollution is the most common, other heavy
metals and harmful compounds can also leak into
the soil and contaminate any crops that grow there. Reuse and recycle
To reduce industrial pollution, greater recycling
efforts should be used to recycle as much dirty
water as possible in industries.

Resource Decontamination
To clean the water and soil, organic methods
should be used, such as employing bacteria that
naturally feed on heavy metals and garbage.
Cooling rooms or dumpsters must be built to allow
enterprises to recycle the water they require rather
(Fig.3) than returning it to the natural water source from
[Source: https://suez.azureedge.net/-/media/suez- whence it originated.
global/images/header/e-secteurs/power-
industry.jpg?v=1&d=20180820T152259Z]

Finally, development has resulted in significant Appropriate Treatment of Industrial Waste

habitat loss. To build roads, strip mines, and gravel Pollution can be reduced by creating and
pits, forests are cut down for their lumber, and implementing adequate treatment facilities for
ecosystems are destroyed. Destruction of these handling industrial waste, as well as proper
habitats disrupts local ecosystems and may result practices.
in plant and animal extinction if species are unable
to move or adapt to their new environment. Habitat restoration and reforestation
Planting additional trees and plants in habitats can
IV. CONCLUSION assist wildlife to reclaim their homes, while the
trees can also help filter the air and function as a
The problem of industrial pollution affects every buffer against the environment.
country on the earth. With the growing threat of
industrial pollution, many organizations and
individuals are attempting to reduce carbon V. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
footprints and live and work in an environmentally The authors are thankful to all the friends and
responsible manner.
Faculty of Vivekanand College Kolhapur for
Industrial pollution, on the other hand, is still motivating us to write this paper. All the references
widespread, and proper management and are hereby acknowledged used in this paper.
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