Applications of Quadratics

UNIT FIVE

By the end of the unit, I will have an understanding of:

 (1.41) determine the zeros and the maximum or
minimum value of a quadratic relation from its graph
or from its equation by applying algebraic technique
 (1.42) solve problems arising from a realistic situation
represented by a graph or an equation of a
quadratic relation

Name:__________________ 1
 Unit 5: Applications of Quadratic Functions
Unit Goal(s): By the end of this unit, students will be able to:
 (1.4) solve problems involving quadratic relations

Day Expectations Topic Success Criteria: I am successful today if I can…

Applications
1
Projectile Word Problems

Applications
2  complete the square to find the vertex of a parabola
Revenue Word Problems
1.41  factor a quadratic equation to find the roots of a parabola
1.42  find the axis of symmetry and optimal value of quadratic
Applications equations
3
Area/Perimeter  interpret the meaning of the vertex, roots and y-intercept of
word problems
Applications
4
Border/Shape Problems

Applications
5
Variety of Word Problems

6-7 All Above Unit Review  confidently and correctly complete the questions assigned as unit
review practice.

8 Summative Assessment

9 Portfolio Task
*Note: Days and assessments are approximate and may change due to school activities or class needs.

2
 Date:__________________________

Unit 5 Applications of Quadratic Functions

BEFORE WE BEGIN

Complete the questions below using the quadratic equation: 𝑦 = −2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 12

a) Determine the vertex of the equation

b) Determine the x-intercepts

c) Sketch the parabola

 Unit 5 Applications of Quadratic Functions
Projectile Word Problems

Learning Goals: I will have an understanding of…

 (1.41) determine the zeros and the maximum or minimum value of a quadratic relation from its graph or from its equation
by applying algebraic technique
 (1.42) solve problems arising from a realistic situation represented by a graph or an equation of a quadratic relation

Success Criteria: I am successful today if I can…

o complete the square to find the vertex of a parabola
o factor a quadratic equation to find the roots of a parabola
o find the axis of symmetry and optimal value of quadratic equations
o interpret the meaning of the vertex, roots and y-intercept of word problems

1) Alexandre Despatie is a diver, and is training for the next Summer

Olympics. His height above the water after he leaves the diving board
is given by the equation ℎ = −𝑡 2 + 4𝑡 + 5 where ℎ is in meters and 𝑡 is
measured in seconds.

a) From what height did Alexandre jump?

b) What is the maximum height that Alexandre reaches during his jump, and
when does he reach this maximum height?

c) At what time does Alexandre land the jump in the water?

2) A soccer ball is kicked in the air. Its height, ℎ meters, 𝑡 seconds after the ball is kicked can be represented by the
equation: ℎ = −5𝑡 2 + 20𝑡 + 1

a) At what time does the ball reach its maximum height?

b) At what time after the ball is kicked does it land on the ground?

c) At what time(s) is the ball at a height of 10 meters in the air.

 Unit 5 Applications of Quadratic Functions
General Word Problems, PRACTICE MAKES PROGRESS

1) The height of a flare above the ground is a function of the time in the air. An equation representing the height of the
flare, h metres, above the release position, after t seconds, is ℎ = −5𝑡 2 + 100𝑡.
a) What is the height of the flare after 3 s? (255m)
b) What is the maximum height reached by the flare? (500m)
c) What is the height of the flare after 25s? (-625m)
d) Does your answer in part c make sense? Explain.

2) The function ℎ = −𝑡 2 + 12𝑡 models the height, ℎ, meters, of a baseball as a function of the time, 𝑡, seconds, since it
was hit. The ball hit the ground before the center fielder could catch it.
a) What is the maximum height reached by the ball? (36m)
b) And when does this occur? (6 seconds)

3) The path of a ball is modelled by the equation 𝑦 = −𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3 , where 𝑥 is the horizontal distance, in metres, from
a fence and 𝑦 is the height, in metres, above the ground. What is the maximum height of the ball, and at what horizontal
distance does it occur? (Max height is 4m at a horizontal distance of 1m)

4) A model rocket is launched straight upward with an initial velocity of 200 m/s. The height of the rocket, ℎ, in metres,
can be modeled by ℎ = −5𝑡 2 + 200𝑡, where 𝑡 is the elapsed time in seconds.
a) What is the maximum height the rocket reaches? (2000m)
b) How much time elapses before the rocket reaches the maximum height? (20 seconds)
c) From what height above the ground was the rocket launched? (0m)
d) When does the rocket land on the ground? (40m)
e) When is the rocket at a height of 200m? (1.03 seconds and 38.9 seconds)
 Date:__________________________

Unit 5 Applications of Quadratic Functions

Revenue Word Problems

Learning Goals: I will have an understanding of…

 (1.41) determine the zeros and the maximum or minimum value of a quadratic relation from its graph or from its equation
by applying algebraic technique
 (1.42) solve problems arising from a realistic situation represented by a graph or an equation of a quadratic relation,

Success Criteria: I am successful today if I can…

o complete the square to find the vertex of a parabola
o factor a quadratic equation to find the roots of a parabola
o find the axis of symmetry and optimal value of quadratic equations
o interpret the meaning of the vertex, roots and y-intercept of word problems

REVENUE = (number of items sold) x (price per item)

1) A transit system that charges 60 cents per ride has 240 000 riders per day. A survey reveals that for every price
increase of 5 cents, the number of riders will decrease by 5000.
a) Construct an equation that represents the relationship above.

b) What price will result in the most revenue for the transit
commission? What is the maximum revenue?
 Date:__________________________

2) A bus company has 4000 passengers daily, each paying a fare of $2.00. For each $0.15 increase in price, the
company estimates that it will lose 40 passengers. If the company needs to have a daily revenue of $10,450 per day
to stay in business, what fare should be charged?
 Date:__________________________

Unit 5 Applications of Quadratic Functions

Revenue Word Problems, PRACTICE MAKES PROGRESS

1) A company manufactures and sells designer T-shirts. The profit, 𝑃 dollars, for selling a certain style of T-shirt is
projected to be 𝑃 = −20𝑥 2 + 1000𝑥 − 6720, where 𝑥 dollars is the selling price of one T-shirt.
a) Sketch a graph.
b) What selling price gives the maximum profit? What is the maximum profit? (Price = $25, Profit = $5780)
c) The company hopes to earn a profit of more than $6000 on this style of T-shirt. Based on its projections, is this
possible? (No because...)

2) The captain of a riverboat cruise charges $36 per person including lunch. The cruise averages 300 customers a day.
The captain is considering increasing the price. A survey of customers indicates that for every $2 increase in price, there
would be 10 fewer customers. What increase in price would maximize the revenue? ($12)

3) Tickets to a school dance cost $4 and the projected attendance is 300 students. For every $0.10 increase in ticket price,
the dance committee projects that attendance will decrease by 5 students. What ticket price will generate $1237.50
in revenue? ($4.50 or $5.50)

4) A theatre company has 300 season ticket subscribers. The board of directors has decided to raise the price of a season
ticket from the current price of $400. A survey of subscribers has determined that for every $20 increase in price 10
subscribers would not renew their season tickets. What would be the maximum revenue? What price would maximize
the revenue from season tickets? ($125 000, $500)

5) The cost of a ticket to a hockey arena seating 800 people is $3. At this price every ticket is sold. A survey indicates that
if the price is increased, attendance will fall by 100 people for every dollar of increase. What is the greatest revenue?
What ticket price will result in the greatest revenue? ($3025, $5.50)

6) A theatre seats 2000 people and charges $10 for a ticket. At this price, all tickets are sold. A survey indicates that if
the ticket price is increased, the number of sold tickets will decrease by 100 for every dollar of increase. What ticket
price will result in the greatest revenue, and what is the greatest revenue? ($15, $22 500)

7) A bus company carries about 20 000 riders per day for a fare of $0.90. A survey indicates that if the fare is decreased,
the number of riders will increase by 2000 for every 5 cent decrease. What is the greatest revenue and what ticket
price will result in the greatest revenue? ($19 600, $0.70)

8) Anna sells photos of Rugby athletes to fans after their games. The regular price is $10 per photograph, and they usually
sell about 30 photographs. Anna finds that, for each reduction in price of $0.50, they can sell an additional two
photographs. At what price will Anna’s revenue be $150? ($2.50 or $17.50)

9) The cost, 𝐶, in thousands of dollars, to produce items at a clothing manufacturer is given by the relation
𝐶 = 2𝑥 2 − 29𝑥 + 100 where 𝑥 represents the number of items produced, in hundreds. The revenue, 𝑅, in thousands of
dollars, that these items generate is given by 𝑅 = 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 250 where 𝑥 represents the number of items sold, in
hundreds. How many items should be produced to maximize profit? And what will the maximum profit be?
(950; $240 250 max profit)

10) Tom operates a store that sells CDs in a mall. Tom has a one-price-for-all policy: all single CDs sell for $20 each. The
sales manager has given Tom permission to change his pricing in an attempt to increase revenue. Tom knows that, over
the last six months, he has sold an average of 280 CDs a day at $20 each. The company’s market research indicates
that for every $0.50 increase in unit price, daily sales will drop by five units. What unit price (price of 1 CD) will
maximize Tom’s daily revenues? ($24)
 Date:__________________________

Unit 5 Applications of Quadratic Functions

Area and Perimeter Word Problems

Learning Goals: I will have an understanding of…

 (1.41) determine the zeros and the maximum or minimum value of a quadratic relation from its graph or from its equation
by applying algebraic technique
 (1.42) solve problems arising from a realistic situation represented by a graph or an equation of a quadratic relation,

Success Criteria: I am successful today if I can…

o complete the square to find the vertex of a parabola
o factor a quadratic equation to find the roots of a parabola
o find the axis of symmetry and optimal value of quadratic equations
o interpret the meaning of the vertex, roots and y-intercept of word problems

1) Khadija and Alina determine that the expression 𝐴 = −2𝑤 2 + 36𝑤 models the area of a rectangular puppy run, where
𝑤 is the width in metres, and 𝐴 is the area in square metres. What dimensions will produce the maximum area that
Khadija and Alina can make the puppy run?

2) Phil is planning a vegetable garden. They want to make the largest possible rectangular garden using the 20m of
fencing that was found in the shed. The garden is right behind the back of their house, so they only have to fence three
sides. Determine the dimensions that maximize the area of the garden.
3) Sophia has 600ft of fencing for their backyard which has an area of 25 000 ft2. They will only need to fence in 3 sides.
Determine the dimensions of the backyard.

4) A farmer has 800 metres of fencing and wishes to enclose a rectangular field. One side of the field is against a country
road that is already fenced off, so the farmer needs to fence only the remaining three sides of the field. The farmer
wants to enclose the maximum possible area and to use all the fencing. What is the maximum area that can be
enclosed, and what are the dimensions?
 Unit 5 Applications of Quadratic Functions
Area and Perimeter Word Problems, PRACTICE MAKES PROGRESS

1) Forty metres of fencing are available to enclose a rectangular pen. The area, 𝐴 square metres, enclosed is given by
𝐴 = −𝑥 2 + 20𝑥, where the length of the pen is 𝑥 metres.
a) What is the maximum area that can be enclosed? (100m2)
b) What are the dimensions of the pen with maximum area? (10m by 10m)
c) What dimensions produce a pen with an area greater than 60 m2? (when length is between 3.7m and 16m)

2) A field is bounded on one side by a river. The field is to be enclosed on three sides by a fence, to create a rectangular
enclosure. The total length of fence to be used is 200m. Use a quadratic model to determine the dimensions of the
enclosure of maximum area. (50 m by 100 m)

3) James has 50m of fencing for their vegetable garden, and wants to make a garden with an area of 150m2. Determine
the dimensions of the vegetable garden. (15m by 10m)

4) A pipe cleaner is 20 cm long. It is bent into a rectangle. Use a quadratic model to determine the dimensions that give
the maximum area. (5 cm by 5 cm)

5) A rectangular lot is bounded on one side by a river, and on the other three sides by a total of 80m of fencing. Find the
dimensions of the largest possible lot. (40 m by 20 m)

6) A rectangular lot is bordered on one side by a stream, and on the other three sides by 600m of fencing. Find the
dimensions of the lot when it’s a maximum. (300 m by 150 m)

7) A lifeguard marks off a rectangular swimming area at a beach with 200m of rope. What is the greatest area of water
that she can enclose? (5000 m2)

8) A daycare has 80m of fencing available to enclose a rectangular play area. What is the maximum area that can be
enclose? What dimensions produce a maximum area? (400 m2, 20 m by 20 m)

9) A rectangular area is enclose by a fence and divided by another section of fence parallel to two of its sides. If 600m
of fence used encloses a maximum area, what are the dimensions of the enclosure? (150 m by 100 m)
 Date:__________________________

Unit 5 Applications of Quadratic Functions

Border and Shape Word Problems

Learning Goals: I will have an understanding of…

 (1.41) determine the zeros and the maximum or minimum value of a quadratic relation from its graph or from its equation
by applying algebraic technique
 (1.42) solve problems arising from a realistic situation represented by a graph or an equation of a quadratic relation,

Success Criteria: I am successful today if I can…

o complete the square to find the vertex of a parabola
o factor a quadratic equation to find the roots of a parabola
o find the axis of symmetry and optimal value of quadratic equations
o interpret the meaning of the vertex, roots and y-intercept of word problems

1) A picture that measures 40 cm by 60 cm is surrounded by a border before it is framed. The width of the border is to
the same on all sides of the picture. The area of the border is to equal the area of the picture. What is the width of
the border?

2) A rectangular piece of tin with dimensions 40 cm x 30 cm is made into an open box. The base area of the box is 525
cm2 by cutting squares of equal sizes from the corners and bending up the sides. Find the length of each removed
square.
 Date:__________________________

3) One leg of a right triangle is 1 cm longer than the other leg. The length of the hypotenuse is 9cm greater than that of
the shorter leg. Find the lengths of all three sides.

4) A rectangle has dimensions 𝑥 + 11 and 2𝑥 + 5, both measured in centimetres. Determine the value of 𝒙 so that the
area of the rectangle is 117 cm2.
 Date:__________________________

Unit 5 Applications of Quadratic Functions

Variety of Quadratic Word Problems, Vertical Surfaces

Learning Goals: I will have an understanding of…

 (1.41) determine the zeros and the maximum or minimum value of a quadratic relation from its graph or from its equation
by applying algebraic technique
 (1.42) solve problems arising from a realistic situation represented by a graph or an equation of a quadratic relation,

Success Criteria: I am successful today if I can…

o complete the square to find the vertex of a parabola
o factor a quadratic equation to find the roots of a parabola
o find the axis of symmetry and optimal value of quadratic equations
o interpret the meaning of the vertex, roots and y-intercept of word problems

Height, Time, and Distance:

1) A ball is thrown up into the air. Its height "ℎ" in meters after a time of "𝑡" seconds is given by
ℎ = −4.9𝑡 2 + 38𝑡 + 1.75
a) What is the height of the ball after 3 seconds? (71.65 m)
b) For what length of time is the ball above 50 meters? (4.57 seconds)
c) When does the ball hit the ground? (7.8 seconds)
d) What is the maximum height of the ball? (75.42 m)

2) Justin loves going to the dog park to play catch with his dog, Mya. Justin’s Frisbee toss is represented by the relation,
ℎ = −0.25𝑑2 + 2𝑑 + 2 where ℎ is the height of the Frisbee in meters and, 𝑑, is the horizontal distance the Frisbee
travels in meters.
a) At what distance away from Justin will Mya catch the Frisbee if Mia can jump 2 meters in the air? (8m)
b) Hypothetically, if Mya does not catch the Frisbee, at what horizontal distance away from Justin does the Frisbee
land on the ground? (8.9m)
c) What is the maximum height of the Frisbee? (6m)

3) While Chris was on a portaging trip in Algonquin Park he saw a Red-Tailed Hawk drop its prey. The height, ℎ, in feet
of the hawk is given by ℎ = 𝑡 2 − 20𝑡 + 45, where 𝑡 represents time, in seconds. How long will it take the hawk to swoop
down to regain his prey and return back to its original height in the sky? (20 seconds)

4) The power, 𝑃 watts, supplied to a circuit by a 9-V battery is given by the formula 𝑃 = 9𝑖 − 0.5𝑖 2 where 𝑖 is the
current in amperes.
a) Graph 𝑃 against 𝑖.
b) For what value of the current will the power be a maximum? (9 amps)
c) What is the maximum power? (40.5 Watts)

Revenue:

1) The Environmental Club sells sweatshirts as a fundraiser. They sell 1200 shirts a year at $20 each. They are
planning to increase the price. They are informed that for every $2 increase in price, there will be a drop of 60
sales a year. What should the selling price be in order to maximize the revenue? ($30)

2) Isabelle bakes and sells premium homemade custom order cookies. She charges $36 for one dozen cookies. Every
week she sells an average of 45 dozen cookies. Isabelle figures that for every $2 increase in price, she is likely to
see her average sales drop by 3 dozen per week. How much should Isabelle charge per dozen cookies in order to
maximize revenue? ($33 per dozen)
 Date:__________________________

3) Francis sells photographs of athletes to baseball, basketball and hockey fans after their games. His regular price
is $10 per picture, and he usually sells about 30 photographs. Francis finds that for each reduction in price of
$0.50, he can sell an additional two pictures. Find how many price reductions will result in a revenue of $200.
(12.8 price reductions, or 7.8 price increases)

4) The volunteers at a food bank are arranging a concert to raise money. They have to pay a set fee to the
musicians, plus an additional fee to the concert hall for each person attending the concert. The relation,
𝑃 = −𝑛2 + 580𝑛 − 48000 models the profit, 𝑃, in dollars, for the concert, where 𝑛 is the number of tickets sold.
Calculate the number of tickets they must sell to break even. (Need to sell either 100 tickets, or 480 tickets)

5) The cost of operating a cement truck is modelled by the function, 𝐶 = 2.2𝑛2 − 66𝑛 + 700, where n is the number of
minutes the truck is running. What is the minimum cost of operating the truck and after how many minutes does this
occur? (15minutes of operation results in a minimum cost of $205)

Border/Shape Questions:

6) A rectangular garden measuring 8 m x 4 m is surrounded by a flower bed of uniform width. The combined area
of the lawn and flower bed is 165m2. What is the width of the flower bed? (3.5 cm)

7) The area of a triangle is 20 cm2, and the altitude (height) is 3cm greater than its base. Find the length of the base
and the altitude of the triangle. (base = 5 cm, altitude = 8 cm)

8) A right triangular garden has a perimeter of 36 m. If the hypotenuse is 15m, how long are the other two sides?
(12 cm and 9 cm)

9) Chris cuts half a rectangular lawn, 40m by 30m by mowing strips of equal width around the perimeter. Jeri cuts
the small rectangle that remains. How wide of a strip does Chris cut so that they share the work equally?
Include a diagram in your solution. (5m)

10) The ratio of the measures of the base and the height of a parallelogram is 3:4. The area of the parallelogram is
1,200 square centimeters. Find the measure of the base and height of the parallelogram.
(base = 30 cm, height = 40 cm)

11) If the measure of one side of a square is increased by 2 centimeters and the measure of the adjacent side is
decreased by 2 centimeters, the area of the resulting rectangle is 32 square centimeters. Find the measure of one
side of the square. (6 cm)

12) The length of a rectangular Ping-Pong table is three metres more than twice the width. Determine the dimensions
that will give a total area of 90 m2. (6 cm by 15 cm)

13) The length of a rectangular soccer field is represented by the expression (2𝑥 + 5) meters and the width by the
expression (−𝑥 + 4) meters. What are the dimensions of the field that yield a maximum area? (6.5 m by 3.25 m)

General Problems:

14) The sum of the squares of two consecutive integers is 365. Determine the integers.
(-13 and -14, AND 13 and 14)

15) The square of the sum of two consecutive integers is 1225. What are the possible values for the integers?
(17, 18 AND -17, -18)

16) The square of the sum of two consecutive integers is 361. What are the integers? (9, 10 AND -9, -10)
 Date:__________________________

17) Two integers differ by 3. If the sum of the squares of each number is 369, determine the integers.
(12, 15 AND -12, -15)

18) When the square of a certain number is diminished by 9 times the number the result is 36. Find the number. (𝒙 =
𝟏𝟐 or 𝒙 = −𝟑)

19) Find two positive numbers whose ratio is 2:3 and whose product is 600. (20 and 30)

20) Find two consecutive positive integers such that the square of the first is decreased by 17 equals 4 times the
second. (7 and 8)

4 8
21) An archway has been built over a road. The arch can be modelled by the function. 𝑦 = − 9 𝑥 2 + 3 𝑥
A truck is 2 m wide and must drive under this arch.
a) Graph the parabola.
b) Describe what x and y represent in this situation.
c) Determine the coordinates of the vertex of the graph. (Vertex: (3, 4))
d) What is the maximum possible height of the truck? Explain.

22) Maggie can kick a football a horizontal distance of 34 m, reaching a maximum height of 16m. In order to score a
field goal, Maggie must be able to kick the ball through the vertical poles and over the horizontal bar that is 3.3 m
above the ground. Assuming Maggie kicks the ball in the correct direction, how far away from the uprights can
Maggie be standing so she has a chance to score a field goal? (32.15 m)

23) A point lies two units above the x-axis on the axis of symmetry of the parabola with equation
𝑦 = (𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 − 6). Find the distance from this point to the point on the curve where 𝑥 = 5. (11.7 units)