Prayas JEE (2026)

ABHEDYA

Chemistry Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

will be (density of solution = 1.10 g mL–1). (Molecular
Exercise-1 weight of Na2CO3 = 106 g mol–1)
SINGLE CHOICE TYPE QUESTIONS (a) 9.00 × 10–3 (b) 1.5 × 10–2
(c) 5.1 × 10–3 (d) 11.2 × 10–3
1. NX is produced by the following step of reactions:
M + X2 → MX2, 7. 10 moles of X, 12 mole of Y and 20 moles of Z are mixed to
MX2 + X2 → M3X8, produce a final product P, according to the given balanced
M3X8 + N2CO3 → NX + CO2 + M3O4 reactions:
How much M (metal) is consumed to produce 206 g of NX. X + 2Y  → I
(Take at wt. of M = 56, N = 23, X = 80)
I + Z  → Y+P
14 7
(a) 42 g (b) 56 g (c) (d) then the maximum moles of P, which can be produced
3 4 assuming that the products formed can also be reused in the
2. (i) 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2 reaction?
(ii) AlCl3 + 3NaOH → Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl (a) 6 mole (b) 9 mole
(iii) Al(OH)3 + NaOH → NaAlO2 + 2H2O (c) 10 mole (d) 12 mole
Above series of reactions are carried out starting with 18 g of 14
Al and 109.5 g of HCl in first step and further 100 g of NaOH 8. A compound contains 4% oxygen, % nitrogen, 4%
3
is added for step (ii) and (iii). Find out limiting reagent in each sulphur. Then empirical formula of compound contains
step and calculate the maximum amount of NaAlO2 that can be __________ number of nitrogen atoms.
produced in step (iii). (Assume reactions are taken in sequence
(a) 6 (b) 8
and also that each reaction goes to 100% completion)
(c) 3 (d) Can not be determined
L.R. in L.R. in L.R. in Moles of
step (I) step (II) step (III) NaAlO2 9. An impure sample of Cu2S is quantitatively reduced to 31.75
(a) Al AlCl3 Al(OH)3 0.66 g of pure Cu(s), if 100 g of impure sample was taken initially
then find % of impurities in original sample:
(b) Al Na(OH) Al(OH)3 0.5
(a) 68.25 (b) 39.75
(c) Al AlCl3 NaOH 0.5
(c) 60.25 (d) 31.75
(d) HCl AlCl3 NaOH 0.5
10. Elements X and Y can combine to form two different
compounds. If 1.6 g of X reacts with exactly 1.6 g of Y
3. Calculate percentage change in Mavg of the mixture, if PCl5
the compound produced has formula XY2. However under
undergo 50% decomposition.
different conditions, 2.4 g of X will react with 1.6 g of Y to
PCl5 → PCl3 + Cl2 form a second compound. Whose empirical formula is ____.
(a) 50% (b) 66.66 % (c) 33.33 % (d) Zero (a) X3Y4 (b) XY (c) XY3 (d) X2Y
4. An ore of iron contains FeS and some non-volatile impurity.
Roasting of this ore converts all FeS into Fe2O3 and 4% loss in 11. 56 gm of N2 and 9 gm of H2 are made to react completely
weight was observed. Mass percentage of FeS in ore will be to produce a mixture of NH3 and N2H4. The ratio of moles
of NH3 and N2H4 is:
7
2FeS + O2  → Fe2O3 + 2SO2 (a) 1 : 1 (b) 3 : 2
2
(a) 60 % (b) 44 % (c) 30 % (d) 66 % (c) 2 : 3 (d) None of these
5. A mixture of CH4 and C2H2 was completely burnt in an 12. 100 gm of an oleum sample (labelled as 109%) is mixed
excess of oxygen yielding equal volumes of CO2 and steam, with 300 gm of another oleum sample (labelled as 118%).
measured at the same temperature and pressure. The mole The new labelling of resulting oleum sample becomes
percent of CH4 in the original mixture is (a) 115.75% (b) 106.75%
(a) 25% (b) 30% (c) 75% (d) 50% (c) 163% (d) 15.75%
6. The strength of 10–2 M Na2CO3 solution in terms of molality 13. A sample of clay contains 60% Silica & 15 % water. The

1
 sample is heated such that the partially dried sample contains which contains 70 percent as many carbon atoms as
66 % Silica. What will be % of water in partially dries hydrogen atoms and 15 times as many hydrogen atoms
sample? as oxygen atoms. The number of moles in a gram of
(a) 10% (b) 6.5 % (c) 12 % (d) 14 % terahydrocannabinol is 0.00318. Determine its molecular
formula.
14. For a sequential reaction, NH3  → N 2 + H2  .....(i) (a) CH3O2 (b) C21H30O2
H2 + O2 → H2O...(ii) (c) C15H30O2 (d) C70H15O
What will be the amount of water which will be obtained if
5 moles of NH3 is mixed with 3 moles of O2 & % yield of 20. From the following reactions,
1st & 2nd reaction is 50% & 80% respectively? 2CoF2 + F2 → 2CoF3
(a) 3 moles (b) 2.5 mole (CH2)n + 4n CoF3 → (CF2)n + 2n HF + 4n CoF2
(c) 2 moles (d) 2.4 moles Calculate how much F2 will be consumed to produce 1 kg

of (CF2)n. (F = 19)?
15. A graph is plotted for an element by putting its mass on
X-axis and the corresponding number of atoms on Y-axis. (a) 1.52 kg (b) 2.04 kg
What is the atomic mass of the element for which the graph (c) 0.76 kg (d) 4.56 kg
is plotted? (NA = 6.0 × 1023)
21. Hydrogen cyanide, HCN, can be made by a two step process.
First, ammonia is reacted with O2 to give nitric oxide, NO.
4NH3 (g) + 5O2(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H2O (g)
Then nitric oxide is reacted with methane, CH4.
22
)
10

2NO(g) + 2CH4(g) → 2HCN(g) + 2H2O(g) + H2(g)

of atoms


Number

.5
(1

When 25.5 g of ammonia and 32.0 g of methane are used,

n–1

how much grams of hydrogen cyanide can be produced?

ta
=

(a) 1.5 (b) 2.0 (c) 40.5 (d) 54.0

Wt (in gm)
MULTIPLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS
(a) 80 (b) 40 (c) 0.025 (d) 20
22. The non - stoichiometric compound, titanium monoxide, has
16. On heating KClO3 at a certain temperature, it is observed a continuous range of composition from Ti0.75O to TiO0.69.
that one mole of KClO3 yields one mole of O2. What is the Which of the following is/are the correct regarding the
mole fraction of KClO4 in the final solid mixture containing possible composition of the compound? [Ti = 48]
only KCl and KClO4, the latter being formed by parallel (a) The maximum percentage by mass of oxygen in the
reaction? compound is 30.8.
(a) 0.50 (b) 0.33 (c) 0.25 (d) 0.67 (b) The minimum percentage by mass of titanium in the
17. Iodobenzene is prepared from aniline (C6H5NH2) in a two- compound is 69.2.
step process as shown here. (c) The minimum percentage by mass of oxygen in the
C6H5NH2 + HNO2 + HC1 → C6H5N+2Cl– + 2H2O compound is 18.7
C6H5N+2 Cl– + KI → C6H5I + N2 + KCl (d) The minimum percentage by mass of titanium in the
In an actual preparation, 9.30 g of aniline was converted to compound is 81.3.
16.32 g of iodobenzene. The percentage yield of iodobenzene 23. Which is/are correct statements about 1.7 g of NH3?
is (I = 127) (a) It contain 0.3 mol H – atoms.
(a) 8% (b) 50% (b) It contain 2.408 × 1023 atoms.
(c) 75% (d) 80% (c) Mass % of hydrogen is 17.65%.
(d) It contains 0.3 mol N-atoms.
18. A protein isolated from a bovine preparation, was subjected
to amino acid analysis. The amino acid present in the smallest 24. If 27 g of carbon is mixed with 88 g of oxygen and is allowed
amount was lysine, C6H14N2O2 and the amount of lysine was to burn to produce CO2, then:
found to be 365 mg per 100 g protein. What is the minimum (a) Oxygen is the limiting reagent.
molecular mass of the protein? (b) Volume of CO2 gas produced at STP is 50.4 L.
(a) 40,000,000 (b) 40,000 (c) C and O combine in mass ratio of 3.8.
(c) 40 (d) 4,00,000 (d) Volume of unreacted O2 at STP is 11.2 L.

19. A drug, marijuana, owes its activity to tetrahydrocannabinol, 25. For the following reaction;

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 N2 + 3H2 2NH3
w
Identify the compositions which will produce same amount (a) 46 g of 70%  v  HCOOH (dsolution = 1.40 g/mL)
 
of NH3. (b) 50 g of 10 M HCOOH (dsolution = 1 g/mL)
(a) 140 g N2 & 35 g H2
(b) 18 g H2 & 52 g N2 w
(c) 50 g of 25%  w  HCOOH
(c) Total 20 moles of mixture having N2 & H2 present in  
stoichiometric ratio (No limiting reagent). (d) 46 g of 5 M HCOOH (dsolution = 1 g/mL)
6
(d) 136 gm of mixture having mass fraction of H2= . 32. Which of the following solution contains same molar
34
concentration?
26. For the following reaction : Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl (a) 166 g KI per liter solution
+ CO2 + H2O (b) 33.0 g (NH4)2SO4 in 200 mL solution
106.0 g of Na2CO3 reacts with 109.5 g of HCl. (c) 25.0 g CuSO4.5H2O in 100 mL solution
(d) 27.0 mg Al3+ per mL solution
Which of the following is/are correct?
(a) The HCl is in excess amount. 33. If 100 ml of 1M H2SO4 solution is mixed with 100 ml of
(b) 117.0 g of NaCl is formed. 9.8%(w/w) H2SO4 solution (d = 1 g/mL), then:
(c) The volume of CO2 produced at NTP is 22.4 L. (a) Concentration of solution remains same.
(d) None of these (b) Volume of solution become 200 mL.
27. A sample of a mixture of CaCl 2 and NaCl weighing (c) Mass of H2SO4 in the final solution is 98 g.
4.44 g was treated to precipitate all the Ca as CaCO3, which (d) Mass of H2SO4 in the final solution is 19.6 g.
was then heated and quantitatively converted to 1.12 g of
CaO. (At . wt. Ca = 40, Na = 23, Cl = 35.5) 34. Aspartame is an artificial sweetener that is 160 times sweeter
than sucrose (table sugar). It is marketed as Nutra sweet. Its
(a) Mixture contains 50% NaCl by mass
molecular formulae is C14H18N2O5. If its 5 gm molecule are
(b) Mixture contains 60% CaCl2 by mass
taken then which of the following is/are correct?
(c) Mass of CaCl2 is 2.22 g in the mixture
(a) Mass of hydrogen is 90 gm.
(d) Mass of CaCl2 is 1.11 g in the mixture
(b) Ratio of mass of carbon to oxygen = 2.1
28. A + B A3B2 (unbalanced) (c) Contain 5 gm atom of oxygen.
A3B2 + C A3B2C2 (unbalanced) (d) Contain 159 mole of total atoms.
Above two reactions are carried out by taking 3 moles each of A
and B and one mole of C. Then, which option is/are correct? 35. A student was carrying out the following chemical reaction
in Lab
(a) 1 mole of A3B2C2 is formed.
2A + 3B  → 6C (balanced reaction)
(b) 1/2 mole of A3B2C2 is formed.
(c) 1/2 mole of A3B2 is formed. He used 30 mole of A and 30 mole of B and at the end of
reaction he found 40 moles of C were formed. Identify the
(d) 1/2 mole of A3B2 is left finally.
correct statement(s).
29. 21.2 g sample of impure Na2CO3 is dissolved and reacted (a) Total mass before and after the reaction will remain
with a solution of CaCl 2, the weight of precipitate of same.
CaCO3 is 10.0 g. Which of the following statements is/ (b) B is limiting reagent
are correct? (c) % yield is 60.
(a) The % purity of Na2CO3 is 50%. (d) At 50% yield 30 moles of C will be formed.
(b) The percentage purity of Na2CO3 is 60%. 36. Which of the following contain same number of entities?
(c) nNa CO = nCaCO = 0.1 mol. (a) Number of atoms in 1 mole CuSO4·5H2O
2 3 3
(d) The number of moles of NaCl formed is 0.1 mol (b) Number of neutrons in 3.5 mole of CH4
(c) Number of atoms in 2 mole of FeCr2O4
30. The incorrect statement(s) regarding 2 M MgCl2 aqueous
(d) Number of electrons in 2.1 mole of NH+4
solution is/are: (dsolution = 1.09 gm/ml)
(a) Molality of Cl¯ is 4.44 m. 37. X + Y  → X3Y4- This reaction is carried out by taking 6
moles each of X and Y respectively then
(b) Mole fraction of MgCl2 is approximately 0.035.
(a) X is the limiting reagent
(c) The conc. of MgCl2 is 19% w/v. (approx)
(b) 1.5 moles of X3Y4 is formed
(d) The conc. of MgCl2 is 19 × 104 ppm.
(c) 1.5 moles of excess reagent is left behind
31. Solution containing 23 g HCOOH is/are: (d) 75% of excess reagent reacted

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COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS ABC3  → AB + 3C2
Comprehension (Q. 38 to 40): According to the Avogadro’s Now answer the following questions :
law, equal number of moles of gases occupy the same volume at 44. Which of the following relation is correct regarding the
identical condition of temperature and pressure. numerical coefficients p, q, r in the balanced chemical
Now let us assume air to consist of 80% by volume of nitrogen equation:
(N2) and 20% by volume of oxygen (O2). If air is taken at STP, pA + qB2  → rA2B5
then its 1 mol would occupy 22.4 L. 1 mol of air would contain (a) 2p = r (b) q = 1.25 p
0.8 mol of N2 and 0.2 mol of O2, hence the mole fractions of (c) r = 2q (d) q = 0.8p
N2 and O2 are given by XN = 0.8 and XO = 0.2.
2 2
38.Volume occupied by air at STP containing exactly 11.2 g of 45. If the weight ratio of C and O2 present is 1 : 2 and both of
nitrogen, is: reactants completely consume to form gaseous mixture of
CO and CO2. What would be the weight ratio of CO and
(a) 22.4 L (b) 8.96 L (c) 11.2 L (d) 2.24 L
CO2 in mixture?
39. If air is treated as a solution of O2 and N2, then % w/w of
oxygen is: (a) 11 : 7 (b) 7 : 11
10 200 700 350 (c) 1 : 1 (d) 1 : 2
(a) (b) (c) (d) 46. If the atomic masses of X and Y are 10 & 30 respectively, then
9 9 9 9
the mass of XY3 formed when 120g of Y2 reacts completely
40. Density of air at STP is:
with X is :
9 Reaction X + Y2 
→ XY3
(a) 1 g/L (b) g/L
7
2 (a) 133.3 g (b) 200 g
(c) g/L (d) Can’t be determined
7 (c) 266.6 g (d) 400 g
Comprehension (Q. 47 to 49): Oleum is considered as a solution
Comprehension (Q. 41 to 43): A chemist decided to determine of SO3 in H2SO4, which is obtained by passing SO3 in solution
the molecular formula of an unknown compound. He collects of H2SO4. When 100 g sample of oleum is diluted with desired
following informations: weight of H2O then the total mass of H2SO4 obtained after dilution
I. Compound contain 2 : 1 ‘H’ to ‘O’ atoms (number of atoms). is known as % labelling in oleum.
II. Compound has 40% C by mass. For example, a oleum bottle labelled as 109% H2SO4 means the
III. Approximate molecular mass of the compound is 178 g. 109g total mass of pure H2SO4 will be formed when 100 g of
IV. Compound contains C, H and O only. oleum is diluted by 9 g of H2O which combines with all the free
SO3 to form H2SO4 as
41. What is the % by mass of oxygen in the compound?
(a) 53.33% (b) 88.88% SO3 + H2O 
→ H2SO4
(c) 33.33% (d) None of these 47. What is the % of free SO3 in an oleum that is labelled as
42. What is the empirical formula of the compound? ‘104.5% H2SO4’?
(a) CH3O (b) CH2O (c) C2H2O (d) CH3O2 (a) 10 (b) 20
43. Which of the following could be molecular formula of (c) 40 (d) None of these
compound? 48. If excess water is added into a 100 g bottle sample labelled
(a) C6H6O6 (b) C6H12O6 as 112% H2SO4 and is reacted with 5.3g Na2CO3, then find
(c) C6H14O12 (d) C6H14O6 the volume of CO2 evolved at 1 atm pressure and 300 k
temperature after the completion of the reaction: [R = 0.0821
Comprehension (Q. 44 to 46): We know that balancing of a L atom mol–1 K–1]
chemical equation is entirely based on law of conservation of
mass. However the concept of Principle of Atom Conservation H2SO4 + Na2CO3  → Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2
(POAC) can also be related to law of conservation of mass in (a) 2.46 L (b) 24.6 L
a chemical reaction. So, POAC can also act as a technique for (c) 1.23L (d) 123
balancing a chemical equation. For example, for a reaction
49. 1g of oleum sample is diluted with water. The solution
ABC3 → AB + C2 required 54 ml of 0.4 N NaOH for compete neutralization.
0n applying POAC for, AB & C and relating the 3 equations, we The % of free SO3 in the sample is:
n n n (a) 74
get: ABC3 = AB = C2 (nx: number of moles of X)
2 2 3 (b) 26
Thus, the coefficients of ABC3, AB & C2 in the balanced chemical (c) 20
equation will be 2, 2 & 3 respectively and the balanced chemical (d) None of these
equation can be represented as

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MATCH THE COLUMN TYPE QUESTIONS (a) A → p,r; B → q,s; C → p,q; D → q,r,s
50. One type of artificial diamond (commonly called YAG for (b) A → q,s; B → r,s; C → p,q,r; D → q,p
yttrium aluminium garnet) can be represented by the formula (c) A → r,p; B → q,r,p; C → r,s; D → q,r
Y3Al5O12.[Y = 89, Al =27]
(d) A → q,s; B → p,s; C → p,q,r; D → q,r
Column-I Column-II
Element Weight percentage NUMERICAL TYPE QUESTIONS (UPTO TWO
A. Y p. 22.73% DECIMAL)
B. Al q. 32.32%
53. CS2 and Cl2 in the weight ratio 1 : 2 are allowed to react
C. O r. 44.95% according to equation CS2 + 3Cl2 → CCl4 + S2Cl2. Find the
(a) A → r; B → p; C → q (b) A → q; B → p; C → r fraction of excess reagent left behind:
(c) A → r; B → q; C → p (d) A → p; B → r; C → q 54. 1gm of Dry Green Algae absorbs 11 mole CO2/hour by
51. photosynthesis. If fixed carbon atoms were all stored in
Column-I Column-II the form of starch (C6H10O5)n after photosynthesis, then
A. 100 mL of 0.2 M AlCl3 p. Total concentration calculate time needed (in seconds) to double the weight of
solution + 400 ml of 0.1 of cation(s) = 0.12 M Algae?
M HCl solution
B. 50 mL of 0.4 M KCl + q. [SO42–] = 0.06 M
50 ml H2O NUMERICAL TYPE QUESTIONS (UPTO ONE
C. 30 mL of 0.2 M K2SO4 r. [SO42–] = 2.5 M DECIMAL)
+ 70 ml H2O 55. Nitric acid can be produced from ammonia in three step
D. 200 mL 24.5% (w/v) s. [Cl¯] = 0.2 M
process.
H2SO4
4NH3(g) + 5O2(g)  → 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) ...(1)
(a) A → r,s; B → s; C → p,q; D → r
(b) A → p,s; B → s; C → p,q; D → r 2NO(g) + O2(g)  → 2NO2(g) ...(2)
(c) A → p,s; B → s; C → s,q; D → r 3NO2(g) + H2O(l)  → 2HNO3(aq.) + NO(g) ...(3)
(d) A → p,s; B → p,s; C → p,q; D → r Calculate weight of NH3(g) required to produce 1260 kg
52. of HNO3. When % yield of 1st, 2nd and 3rd reaction are
Column-I Column-II respectively 69%, 60% and 68% respectively.
A. A gaseous organic p. One mole of 56. The mineral Argyrodite is a stoichiometric compound that
compound containing C compound contains contain silver, sulphur (–2) and an unknown element Y (+4).
= 52.17%, H = 13.04% 4N A atoms of The mass-ratio of silver and Y in the compound is,
& O = 34.78% (by hydrogen. m (Ag) : m (Y) = 11.88
weight) having molar
mass 46 g/mol. Y forms a reddish brown lower sulphide on heating the
B. 0.3 g of an organic q. The empirical mineral in stream of H2 (g), in which Y is in +2 state. The
compound containing formula of the residue are Ag2S and H2S. To convert 10 g Argyrodite
C, H and O on compound is same completely, 0.295 L of H2 (g) measured at 400 K and 1.0
combustion yields 0.44 as its molecular atmosphere is required. Determine molar mass of Y = p and
g of CO2 and 0.18 g of formula. empirical formula of mineral = AgqYrSd. Find sum of p + q
H2O, with two O + r + s + d.
C. A hydrocarbon r. Combustion products
57. Haemoglobin contains 0.25% Iron by weight. The molar
containing C = of one mole of
mass of Haemoglobin is 89600. Calculate the weight(in g)
42.857% and H = compound contains
of K4[Fe(CN)6] that can be produced if all the iron atoms
57.143% (by mole) larger number of
from 4.48 kg Haemoglobin are converted into K4[Fe(CN)6]
containing 3C atoms moles of CO2 than
through a series of reactions.
per molecule. that of H2O.
D. A hydrocarbon s. CO2 gas produced 58. Uranium is isolated from its ore by dissolving it as UO2(NO3)2
containing 10.5 g by the combustion and separating it as solid UO2(C2O4).x H2O. A 1.0 g sample
carbon per gram of of 0.25 mole of of ore on treatment with nitric acid yielded 1.48 g UO2(NO3)2
hydrogen having compound occupies which on further treatment with 0.4 g Na2C2O4 yielded 1.23g
vapour density 46. a volume of 11.2 L at UO2(C2O4).x H2O. Determine sum of weight percentage of
NTP. uranium in the original sample and x.

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 59. Calcium phosphide (Ca3P2) formed by reacting calcium Exercise-2
orthophosphate [Ca3(PO4)2] with magnesium was hydrolysed
by water. The evolved phosphine (PH3) was burnt in air to NUMERICAL TYPE QUESTIONS
yield phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5). How many grams of (ANSWER UPTO TWO DECIMAL PLACE)
magnesium metaphosphate would be obtained, if 19.2 g of
magnesium were used for reducing calcium phosphide. (At. 1. Excess of calcium orthophosphate is reacted with magnesium
wt. Mg = 24, P = 31) to from Ca3P2 along with MgO. Ca3P2 on reaction with water
Ca3(PO4)2 + Mg  → Ca3P2 + MgO liberated PH3 along with Ca(OH)2. PH3 is burnt in excess of
oxygen to form P2O5 along with water. Oxides of magnesium
Ca3P2 + H2O 
→ Ca(OH)2 + PH3 and phosphorous react to give magnesium metaphosphate.
PH3 + O2 
→ P2O5 + H2O Calculate grams of magnesium metaphosphate obtained if
1.92 gm of Mg is taken (Mg = 24, P = 31, O = 16)
MgO + P2O5 
→ Mg(PO3)2
 magnesium metaphosphate 2. In one process for waterproofing, a fabric is exposed to
(CH3)2SiCl2 vapour. The vapour reacts with hydroxyl groups
on the surface of the fabric or with traces of water to form
the waterproofing film [(CH3)2SiO]n, by the reaction
INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS
n[(CH3)2SiCl2 + 2nOH– → 2nCl– + nH2O + [(CH3)2SiO]n
60. Based on the following information, determine sum of value
of x and y : Where n stands for a large integer. The waterproofing film
is deposited on the fabric layer upon layer. Each layer is 6.0
(CH3)xAlCly(0.643g)  → xCH4(g)(0.22 g) +
Å thick [ the thickness of the (CH3)2SiO group]. How much
AgNO3
yCl– + Al3+  → AgCl(s)(0.996g). (in g) (CH3)2 SiCl2 is needed to waterproof one side of a piece
61.A mixture of NH3(g) & N2H4(g) is placed in a sealed container of fabric, 1.00 m by 3.70 m, with a film 300 layers thick ?
at 300K. The total pressure is 0.5 atm. The container is The density of the film is 1.0 g/cm3. (Si = 28)
heated to 1200 K at which time both substances decompose Molar mass of (CH3)2SiO = 74 g/mol
completely according to the equations Molar mass of (CH3)2SiCl2 = 129 g/mol
2NH3(g)  → N2(g) + 3H2(g) and
N2H4(g)  → N2(g) + 2H2(g) INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS
After decomposition is complete, the total pressure at 1200
3. Cis-platin [Pt(NH 3) 2Cl 2], a compound used in cancer
K is found to be 4.5 atm. Find the mole % of NH3 in the
treatment is prepared by the reaction of ammonia with
original mixture. potassium tetrachloroplatinate.
62. Sample of an element “X” consist of its three isotopes A1, A2
K2PtCl4 + 2NH3 → 2KCl + Pt(NH3)2Cl2
& A3 and population of A2 is three times the population of
A3. If the average molar mass of sample is 1.25. Determine (i) How many grams of cis-platin are formed from 41.5 gm
percentage population of A1 Molar masses of isotopes A1, K2PtCl4 amd 34 gm NH3, if the reaction takes place in
A2 & A3 are 1, 2 and 3 gm respectively. 90% yield? (Ans. x)
63. A solution contain substances A and B in H2O (solvent). The (ii) What is the maximum mass (in gm) of KCl which can
mole fraction of ‘A’ is 0.05 and molarity of ‘B’ is 7 M. The be produced if initially total 9 moles of reactant are
solution has density 1.14 gm/ml. Calculate “molarity of A”. taken. Assuming 100% reaction ? (Ans. y)
[Molecular weight of A = 10 gm/mol; molecular weight of What is the value of (x + y)? [Pt = 195, K = 39, Cl =
B = 30 gm/mol] 35.5]
64. In a container 6 litre N2 and 30 litre H2 is taken which react 4. The number of Alkoxy groups in an organic compound
according to the following reactions and N2H2 reacts with A(OR)x may be determined by the sequential reaction.
H2 to give N2H4.
A(OR)x + xHI → A(OH)x + xRI
N2(g) + H2(g)  → N2H2(g)
RI + Ag+ + H2O → ROH + AgI(s) + H+
N2H2(g) + H2(g)  → N2H4(l)
When 4.8 gm of organic compound A(OR)x (molar mass =
Find percentage of volume contracted. 240 gm mol–1) is treated as above, 9.4 gm AgI is precipitated.
65. Atoms of elements A, B and C combine to form a compound Then, calculate number of alkoxy groups in the compound
in the atomic ratio of 1: 6: 2. Atomic masses of A, B and A(OR)x? (I = 127, Ag = 108)
C are 64, 4 and 16, respectively. Calculate the maximum
5. A sample of ammonia contains only H1 and H2 isotopes of
mass (in mg) of the compound formed from1.28 gm
of A, 3.0 × 1023 atoms of B and 0.06 mole atom of C. hydrogen in 4:1 ratio and N14 and N15 isotopes of nitrogen
 [Take: NA = 6 × 1023] in 3:1 ratio. How many neutrons are present in 1.785 mg of
ammonia? (Answer in the order of 1018)(NA = 6 × 1023)

6
 6. In order to determine the composition of a mixture of halides 9. A mother cell disintegrates into 60 identical cells and each
containing MBr2 & NaI, 14 gm mixture was dissolved in daughter cell of mother disintegrates into 24 smaller cells,
water. To this solution, AgNO3 solution of certain molarity The smallest cell is uniform cylindrical in shape with
was added gradually. The mass of precipitate produced (in diameter 120Å and each cell is 6000Å long. Determine
gm) were measured and it was plotted against volume of molar mass of the mother cell, if density of the smallest cell
AgNO3 solution added (in ml). If it is known that AgI is is 1.12 gm/cm3. Using scientific notation if your answer is
precipitated first and precipitation of Br– does not start until
x × 10y, their write the value of [x] + y, where [ ] is an
the already precipitating I– precipitates completely. Find out
integer function. Take avogadro number as 6 × 1023.
the value of AB × CD where:
AB = Atomic weight of metal ‘M’ 10. Once Tom & Jerry entered a chemistry lab where a chemist
CD = Mole percent of NaI in original mixture. was preparing 3L H2SO4 solution. He labelled the solution
as 10 m (dsolution = 3.3 gm/ml). As the chemist left the lab, a
Total 24.44 mischief came in Tom’s mind. He tried to throw the solution
Mass
of
on Jerry but failed. In doing so some of the H2SO4 solution
ppt. formed 9.4 fell on the floor, so he added water to make it again to 3L.
(in gm)
40 120 The chemist returned back & got astonished when he saw
Vol. of AgNO3 added the result of analysis, that were d = 1.5 gm/ml and % w/w =
(in mol)
98. Find out the number of moles of H2SO4 which fell down
(Molar mass of NaI = 149.89g/mol, Br = 79.9g/mol, AgI = on the floor.
234.77g/mol)
11. A polymeric substance, tetrafluoroethylene, can be
7. A mixture of gases liberated upon decomposition of 33.1 gm represented by the formula (C2F4)x , where x is a large
Pb(NO3)2 is dissolved in 10ml of water. What is the mass (in number. The material was prepared by polymerizing C2F4
g) of 0.1M KOH solution with density 1.05 g/ml required in the presence of a sulphur bearing catalyst that serves as a
to neutralise this acid. The reactions involved are: (at. mass
nucleus upon which the polymer grew. The final product was
of Pb = 207)
∆
found to contain 0.012% S. What is the value of x, if each
2Pb(NO3)2  → 2PbO+ 4NO2 + O2 polymeric molecule contains one sulphur atom? Assume
4NO2 + 2H2O + O2 → 4HNO3 that the catalyst contributes a negligible amount to the total
KOH + HNO3 → KNO3 + H2O mass of the polymer. (F = 19, S = 32)
8. Water is the working Fluid in a thermal plant for producing
electricity. Coal is Combusted for Generating heat as per SINGLE CHOICE TYPE QUESTIONS
reaction, C + O2 → CO2. 0.01% of the released CO2 gas is 12. Density of water varies with temperature as shown.
absorbed in water and gets converted into weak acid, H2CO3
which dissociate to give H+ as H2CO3 → 2H+ + CO3–2 . The d t °=
C d 0°C − (0.002 × t °C) ; where
% dissociation of acid is 5%. Assume no ionisation of H2O. d t °C = density at t°C and d 0°C = density at 0°C = 1gm/ml
If in a certain application [H+] concentration can maximum Calculate % change in molarity and molality respectively of
be 10–5 M, then pure water due to change in temperature from 0°C to 100°C.
(a) Calculate maximum no. of moles of H+(x) and CO3–2
(a) 10%, no change
(y) in water if 109 litres of H2O is used.
(b) Calculate maximum no. of mole of carbon (z) which (b) no change, 20%
can be burnt so that water remains fit to be used. (c) 20%, no change
What is the value of xy2/z? (d) 20%, 20%

7
 Exercise-3 10. The mole fraction of a solute in a solution is 0.1. At 298 K,
molarity of this solution is the same as its molality. Density
MOLE CONCEPT, PERCENTAGE of this solution at 298 K is 2.0 g cm–3. The ratio of the
COMPOSITION, MOLAR MASSES, AND molecular weights of the solute and solvent, is ...

EMPIRICAL FORMULA
Single Correct C-28.66 W-66.23 UA-5.11 (JEE Adv. 2016)
11. A compound H2X with molar weight of 80 g is dissolved
1. An aqueous solution of 6.3 g oxalic acid dihydrate is made up to in a solvent having density of 0.4 g mL–1. Assuming no
250 mL. The volume of 0.1 N NaOH required to completely change in volume upon dissolution, the molality of a 3.2 molar
neutralise 10 mL of this solution is (IIT JEE 2001) solution is
C-39.97 W-51.56 UA-8.47 (JEE Adv. 2014)
(a) 40 mL (b) 20 mL (c) 10 mL (d) 4 mL
12. 29.2% (w/W) HCl stock solution has density of 1.25 g mL–1.
2. The normality of 0.3M phosphorus acid (H3PO3) is The molecular weight of HCl is 36.5 g mol–1. The volume
 (IIT JEE 1999) (mL) of stock solution required to prepare a 200 mL solution
0.4 M HCl is
(a) 0.1 (b) 0.9 (c) 0.3 (d) 0.6
C-15.53 W-67.67 UA-16.8 (IIT JEE 2012)
3. In which mode of expression, the concentration of a solution
Fill in the Blanks
remains independent of temperature?  (IIT JEE 1998)
13. 3.0 g of a salt of molecular weight 30 is dissolved in 250 g
(a) Molarity (b) Normality water. The molality of the solution is .........  (IIT JEE
(c) Formality (d) Molality 1983)
14. The total number of electrons present in 18 mL of water is
4. The volume strength of 1.5 NH2 O2 is (IIT JEE 1990)
.........
(a) 4.8 (b) 8.4 (c) 3.0 (d) 8.0 (IIT JEE 1980)
Subjective
5. A molal solution is one that contains one mole of solute in
15. 20% surface sites have adsorbed N2. On heating N2 gas
(IIT JEE 1986) evolved from sites and were collected at 0.001 atm and 298
(a) 1000 g of solvent (b) 1.0 L of solvent K in a container of volume is 2.46 cm3. Density of surface
sites is 6023 × 1014/cm2 and surface area is 1000 cm2, find
(c) 1.0 L of solution (d) 22.4 L of solution out the number of surface sites occupied per molecule of N2.
 (IIT JEE 2005)
6. If 0.50 mole of BaCl2 is mixed with 0.20 mole of Na3PO4,
16. Calculate the amount of calcium oxide required when it
the maximum number of moles of Ba3(PO4)2 that can be
reacts with 852 g of P4O10. (IIT JEE 2005)
formed is
17. In a solution of 100 mL 0.5 M acetic acid, one gram of active
(IIT JEE 1981) charcoal is added, which adsorbs acetic acid. It is found that
(a) 0.70 (b) 0.50 (c) 0.20 (d) 0.10 the concentration of acetic acid becomes 0.49M. If surface
area of charcoal is 3.01 × 102 m2, calculate the area occupied
7. The total number of electrons in one molecule of carbon by a single acetic acid molecule on the surface of charcoal.
dioxide is (IIT JEE 1979)  (IIT JEE 2003)
(a) 22 (b) 44 (c) 68 (d) 88 18. Find the molarity of water. Given: ρ = 1000 kg/m3 (IIT JEE
2003)
Numerical/Integer Type 19. How many millilitres of 0.5MH2 SO4 are needed to dissolve
8. Aluminium reacts with sulphuric acid to form aluminium 0.5 g of copper (II) carbonate? (IIT JEE 1999)
sulphate and hydrogen. What is the volume of hydrogen gas 20. An aqueous solution containing 0.10g KIO3 (formula weight =
in litre (L) produced at 300 K and 1.0 atm pressure, when 214.0) was treated with an excess of KI solution. The solution
5.4 g of aluminium and 50.0 mL of 5.0 M sulphuric acid are was acidified with HCl. The liberated I2 consumed 45.0 mL
combined for the reaction? of thiosulphate solution decolourise the blue starch-iodine
(Use molar mass of aluminium as 27.0 g mol–1, R = 0.082 complex. Calculate the molarity of the sodium thiosulphate
atm L mol–1 K–1) C-18.21 W-64.19 UA-17.6 PC-0 (JEE solution. (IIT JEE 1998)
Adv. 2020)
21. To a 25 mL H2 O2 solution, excess of acidified solution of
9. The mole fraction of urea in an aqueous urea solution potassium iodide was added. The iodine liberated required
containing 900 g of water is 0.05. If the density of the 20 mL of 0.3 N sodium thiosulphate solution. Calculate the
solution is 1.2 g cm–3, the molarity of urea solution is ___. volume strength of H2O2 solution (IIT JEE 1997)
(Given data: Molar masses of urea and water are 60 g mol–1 and 18 g 22. A 5.0 cm3 solution of H2O2 liberates 0.508 g of iodine from
mol, respectively) C-17.05 W-70.35 UA-12.61 (JEE Adv. an acidified KI solution. Calculate the strength of H2O2
2019) solution in terms of volume strength at STP.  (IIT JEE
1995)
8
23. 8.0575 × 10–2 kg of Glauber’s salt is dissolved in water to obtain 33. When the same amount of zinc is treated separately with
1 dm3 of solution of density 1077.2 kg m–3. Calculate the excess of sulphuric acid and excess of sodium hydroxide,
molality, molarity and mole fraction of Na2SO4 in solution.
 (IIT JEE 1994) the ratio of volumes of hydrogen evolved is (IIT JEE
24. Upon mixing 45.0 mL, 0.25 M lead nitrate solution with 25.0 1979)
mL of a 0.10 M chromic sulphate solution, precipitation of (a) 1:1 (b) 1:2
lead sulphate takes place. How many moles of lead sulphate (c) 2:1 (d) 9 : 4
are formed? Also calculate the molar concentrations of
species left behind in the final solution. Assume that lead 34. The largest number of molecules is in (IIT JEE 1979)
sulphate is completely insoluble. (a) 36 g of water
(IIT JEE 1993) (b) 28 g of CO
25. Calculate the molality of 1.0 L solution of 93% H2SO4, (c) 46 g of ethyl alcohol
(weight/volume). The density of the solution is 1.84 g/mL.
(d) 54 g of nitrogen pentoxide (N2O5)
(IIT JEE 1990)
26. n-butane is produced by monobromination of ethane 35. A gaseous mixture contains oxygen and nitrogen in the ratio
followed by Wurtz’s reaction. Calculate volume of ethane at of 1:4 by weight. Therefore, the ratio of their number of
NTP required to produce 55 g n-butane, if the bromination molecules is
takes place with 90% yield and the Wurtz’s reaction with (IIT JEE 1979)
85% yield. (IIT JEE 1989)
(a) 1:4 (b) 1:8 (c) 7:32 (d) 88
27. A sugar syrup of weight 214.2 g contains 34.2 g of sugar
(C12H22O11). Calculate (i) molal concentration and (ii) mole Multiple Correct
fraction of sugar in syrup (IIT JEE 1988)
36. To check the principle of multiple proportions, a series of
28. An unknown compound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
contains 69.77%C and 11.63%H and has a molecular pure binary compounds (PmQn) were analyzed and their
weight of 86. It does not reduce Fehling’s solution but composition is tabulated below. The correct option(s) is(are)
forms a bisulfite addition compound and gives a positive C-14.77 W-26.73 UA-39.64 (JEE Adv. 2022)
iodoform test. What is the possible structure(s) of unknown Compound Weight % of P Weight % of Q
compounds? (IIT JEE 1987)
1 50 50
29. The density of a 3M sodium thiosulphate solution (Na2S2O3)
is 1.25 g per mL. Calculate (i) the percentage by weight 2 44.4 55.6
of sodium thiosulphate (ii) the mole fraction of sodium 3 40 60
thiosulphate and (iii) the molalities of Na+ and ions. (a) If empirical formula of compound 3 is P3Q4. then the
 (IIT JEE 1983) empirical formula of compound 2 is P3Q5.
30. In the analysis of 0.5 g sample of feldspar, a mixture of (b) If empirical formula of compound 3 is P3Q2 and atomic
chlorides of sodium and potassium is obtained, which weighs weight of clement P is 20, then the atomic weight of Q
0.1180 g. Subsequent treatment of the mixed chlorides with is 45.
silver nitrate gives 0.2451 g of silver chloride. What is the (c) If empirical formula of compound 2 is PQ, then the
percentage of sodium oxide and potassium oxide in the empirical formula of the compound 1 is P5Q4.
sample? (IIT JEE 1979) (d) If atomic weight of P and Q are 70 and 35, respectively,
31. The vapor density (hydrogen = 1) of a mixture consisting then the empirical formula of compound 1 is P2Q.
of NO2 and N2O4 is 38.3 at 26.7°C. Calculate the number
Numerical/Integer Type
of moles of NO2 in 100 g of the mixture. (IIT JEE 1979)
37. The stoichiometric reaction of 516 g of dimethyldi-
UNCERTAINTY IN MEASUREMENT AND chlorosilane with water results in a tetrameric cyclic product
LAWS OF CHEMICAL COMBINATIONS, X in 75% yield. The weight (in g) of X obtained is___.
ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR MASSES, [Use, molar mass (g mol−1): H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Si = 28, Cl =
35.5]
STOICHIOMETRY AND STOICHIOMETRIC
C-3.16 W-59.71 UA-37.13 (JEE Adv. 2023)
CALCULATION
38. Dissolving 1.24 g of white phosphorous in boiling NaOH
Single Correct
solution in an inert atmosphere gives gas Q. The amount
32. 2.76 g of silver carbonate on being strongly heated yields a of CuSO4 (in g) required to completely consume the gas Q
residue weighing (IIT JEE 1979)
is____.
(a) 2.16 g (b) 2.48 g [Given: Atomic mass of H = 1, 0 = 16, Na = 23, P = 31,
(c) 2.32 g (d) 2.64 g S = 32, Cu = 63] C1.78 W53.98 UA44.24 (JEE Adv. 2022)

9
 39. Galena (an ore) is partially oxidized by passing air through 47. A 20.0 cm3 mixture of CO, CH4 and He gases is exploded
it at high temperature. After some time, the passage of air by an electric discharge at room temperature with excess of
is stopped, but the heating is continued in a closed furnace oxygen. The volume contraction is found to be 13.0 cm3.
such that the contents undergo self-reduction. The weight
A further contraction of 14.0 cm3 occurs when the residual gas is
(in Kg) of Pb produced per kg of O2 consumed is
treated with KOH solution. Find out the composition of the gaseous
(Atomic weights in g/mol :O = 16, S = 32, Pb = 207 ) mixture in terms of volume percentage.
C-8.91 W-71.9 UA-19.2 (JEE Adv. 2018)
(IIT JEE 1995)
40. In the following reaction sequence, the amount of D (in
gram) formed from 10 moles of acetophenone is ....... 48. A is a binary compound of a univalent metal. 1.422 g of A
reacts completely with 0.321 g of sulphur in an evacuated
(Atomic weights in g mol–1: H = 1, C = 12, N = 14,
and sealed tube to give 1.743 g of a white crystalline solid B,
O = 16, Br = 80. The yield (%) corresponding to the product in
each step is given in the parenthesis)
that forms a hydrated double salt, C with Al2(SO4)3. Identify
A, B and C.
C-7.27 W-72.1 UA-20.63 (JEE Adv. 2018)
O  (IIT JEE 1994)
49. One gram of commercial AgNO3 is dissolved in 50 mL of
NaOBr NaOBr NaOBr NaOBr
H 2O +
A H 2O +
B H 2O +
C H2O+ water. It is treated with 50 mL of a KI solution. The silver iodide
(60%) (50%) (50%) thus precipitated is filtered off. Excess of KI in the filtrate
Br2(3 equivalent)
D
is titrated with (M/10) KIO3 solution in presence of 6 M
AcOH
(100%) HCl till all Γ ions are converted into ICl. It requires 50 mL

of (M/10) KIO3 solution, 20 mL of the same stock solution of
41. A student performs a titration with different burettes and KI requires 30 mL of (M/10) KIO3 under similar conditions.
finds titrate values of 25.2 mL, 25.25 mL, and 25.0 mL. The
Calculate the percentage of AgNO3 in the sample.
number of significant figures in the average titrate value is
 (IIT JEE 2010) Reaction KIO3 + 2KI + 6HCl → 3ICl + 3KCl + 3H2O
Fill in the Blanks
(IIT JEE 1991)
42. The compound Y Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7 , which shows super
conductivity, has copper in oxidation state ......... Assume 50. A solid mixture (5.0 g) consisting of lead nitrate and sodium
that the rare earth element yttrium is in its usual +3 oxidation nitrate was heated below 600°C until the weight of the
state. (IIT JEE 1994) residue was constant. If the loss in weight is 28.0 per cent,
43. The weight of 1×1022 molecules of CuSO4⋅5H2O is ______ find the amount of lead nitrate and sodium nitrate in the
(IIT JEE 1991) mixture. (IIT JEE 1990)
44. The modern atomic mass unit is based on the mass of 51. 1.0 L of a mixture of CO and CO2 is taken. This mixture
______ is passed through a tube containing red hot charcoal. The
(IIT JEE 1980) volume now becomes 1.6 L. The volumes are measured
under the same conditions. Find the composition of the
Subjective
mixture by volume.
45. A plant virus is found to consist of uniform cylindrical
particles of 150 in diameter and 5000 angstrom long. The (IIT JEE 1980)
specific volume of the virus is 0.75 cm3/g. If the virus is 52. 5.00 mL of a gas containing only carbon and hydrogen were
considered to be a single particle, find its molar mass.(IIT mixed with an excess of oxygen (30 mL) and the mixture
JEE 1999)
exploded by means of electric spark. After explosion, the
46. A 3.00 g sample containing Fe3O4 , Fe2O3 and an inert impure volume of the mixed gases remaining was 25 mL. On adding
substance, is treated with excess of KI solution in presence a concentrated solution of KOH, the volume further diminished
of dilute H2SO4. The entire iron is converted into Fe2+ along
to 15 mL, the residual gas being pure oxygen. All volumes have
with the liberation of iodine. The resulting solution is diluted
to 100 mL. A 20 mL of the diluted solution requires 11.0 been reduced to NTP. Calculate the molecular formula of the
mL of 0.5M Na2S2O3 solution to reduce the iodine present. hydrocarbon gas. (IIT JEE 1979)
A 50 mL of the dilute solution, after complete extraction of
53. Accounts for the following. Limit your answer to two
the iodine required 12.80 mL of 0.25M KMnO4 solution in
dilute H2SO4 medium for the oxidation of Fe2+. Calculate sentences, “Atomic weights of most of the elements are
the percentage of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 in the original sample. fractional”.
 (IIT JEE 1996) (IIT JEE 1979)

10
 Answer Key (Abhedya)
Exercise-1
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (d) 18. (b) 19. (b) 20. (a)
21. (c) 22. (a,b,c) 23. (a,b,c) 24. (b,c,d) 25. (a,c) 26. (a,b,c) 27. (a,c) 28. (b,d) 29. (a,c) 30. (b,d)
31. (a,b) 32. (a,c,d) 33. (a,b,d) 34. (a,b) 35. (a,b,d) 36. (a,b,d) 37. (b,c,d) 38. (c) 39. (b) 40. (b)
41. (a) 42. (b) 43. (b) 44. (b) 45. (b) 46. (a) 47. (b) 48. (c) 49. (b) 50. (a)
51. (b) 52. (d) 53. [0.29] 54. [12.12] 55. [1811.5] 56. [87.6] 57. [73.6] 58. [92.4] 59. [18.2] 60. [3]
61. [75] 62. [80] 63. [3] 64. [50] 65. [2400] 66. [32] 67. [28]

Exercise-2
1. [1.82] 2. [1.16] 3. [474] 4. [2] 5. [471] 6. [4994] 7. [2100] 8. [250] 9. [16] 10. [5]
11. [2667] 12. (c)

Exercise-3 (PYQ’s)
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. [6 .15] 9. [2 .98 or 2 .99]
10. [9] 11. [8] 12. [8] 13. 0 .4 14. 6 .023 × 1024 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (a) 35. (c)
36. (b, c) 37. [222] 38. [2 .385] 39. [6 .47] 40. [495] 41. [3] 42. 7/3 43. 4 .14 44. C-12 isotopes

11