1. What is the best definition of a species?

a) A group of organisms that live in the same habitat

b) A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
c) A group of organisms that have similar appearances
d) A group of organisms that eat the same type of food

b) A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

 This is the biological definition of a species.

2. Which of the following is an example of the same species?

a) Horse and Donkey
b) Tiger and Lion
c) Labrador and Poodle
d) Mule and Liger

c) Labrador and Poodle

 Both are dogs and can interbreed to produce fertile puppies.

3. Why are mules considered a hybrid?

a) They have traits of both parents
b) They are sterile and cannot reproduce
c) They live in different habitats
d) They have no genetic material

b) They are sterile and cannot reproduce

 Mules result from horse-donkey mating but cannot reproduce, meaning horses and donkeys are
different species.

4. Which of the following is NOT a reason for species formation?

a) Geographic Isolation
b) Behavioral Isolation
c) Genetic Mutations
d) Hybrid Sterility

d) Hybrid Sterility

 Hybrid sterility is a consequence of species differences, not a cause of speciation.

5. Which example best describes geographic isolation?

a) Two bird species evolve different mating songs
b) A river separates a population of frogs, causing them to evolve separately
c) A mutation causes a group of lizards to change color
d) A predator population decreases due to hunting

b) A river separates a population of frogs, causing them to evolve separately

 Geographic isolation occurs when physical barriers prevent interbreeding

6. What is biodiversity?
a) The number of animals in a particular habitat
b) The variety of life in an area, including species, ecosystems, and genetics
c) The process by which new species evolve
d) The amount of pollution in an ecosystem

b) The variety of life in an area, including species, ecosystems, and genetics

 Biodiversity includes species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity.

7. Which of the following is an example of genetic diversity?

a) Different breeds of dogs such as Beagle, Shih Tzu, and German Shepherd
b) Different types of forests such as rainforests and temperate forests
c) Different ecosystems like lakes, rivers, and oceans
d) Different types of species such as lions, tigers, and bears

 a) Different breeds of dogs such as Beagle, Shih Tzu, and German Shepherd

 These belong to the same species but show genetic diversity.

 8. What is an example of ecosystem diversity?
a) Coral reefs, rainforests, and deserts
b) Different breeds of cats
c) The variety of species in a rainforest
d) All the fish in an ocean

a) Coral reefs, rainforests, and deserts

 These are different ecosystems, which is an example of ecosystem diversity.

9. Why is high biodiversity important for an ecosystem?

a) It makes the environment more beautiful
b) It helps ecosystems remain stable and resilient
c) It prevents animals from becoming extinct
d) It makes ecosystems grow faster

b) It helps ecosystems remain stable and resilient

 High biodiversity makes ecosystems more adaptable to changes.

10. Which of the following is an example of biodiversity helping with climate regulation?
a) A predator species keeping prey populations in balance
b) Forests absorbing CO₂ and reducing global warming
c) Different species of crops providing more food
d) Birds pollinating flowers and helping plant growth

b) Forests absorbing CO₂ and reducing global warming

 Trees absorb CO₂, which helps regulate the climate

11. Which species concept is based on organisms that share physical characteristics?
a) Biological Species Concept
b) Typological Species Concept
c) Phylogenetic Species Concept
d) Behavioral Species Concept

b) Typological Species Concept

 This concept groups species based on shared characteristics

12. Which species concept defines species based on their ability to reproduce and produce fertile
offspring?
a) Biological Species Concept
b) Phylogenetic Species Concept
c) Typological Species Concept
d) Genetic Species Concept

a) Biological Species Concept

 This concept focuses on the ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

13. Which of the following refers to a group of organisms with a shared evolutionary history?
a) Biological Species Concept
b) Typological Species Concept
c) Phylogenetic Species Concept
d) Genetic Species Concept

c) Phylogenetic Species Concept

 This concept groups species based on evolutionary history.

14. What does species richness measure?

a) The number of individuals in a population
b) The number of different species in an area
c) The amount of food in an ecosystem
d) The age of an ecosystem

b) The number of different species in an area

 Species richness measures how many species are present

 15. What does species evenness refer to?
a) The equal distribution of individuals among species
b) The total number of species in a habitat
c) The dominant species in a habitat
d) The rate at which species evolve

a) The equal distribution of individuals among species

 Species evenness indicates whether species are evenly distributed.

16. Which term describes the most numerous or influential species in an ecosystem?
a) Species richness
b) Species dominance
c) Species isolation
d) Species balance

b) Species dominance

 The most numerous or influential species in an ecosystem is the dominant species.

17. What is the main consequence of deforestation?

a) Increased oxygen levels
b) Increased habitat destruction
c) More species diversity
d) More food production

b) Increased habitat destruction

 Deforestation destroys habitats, leading to species loss.

18. Which of the following human activities poses the greatest threat to biodiversity?
a) Using organic fertilizers
b) Growing crops in a greenhouse
c) Habitat destruction and deforestation
d) Increasing the population of a species

c) Habitat destruction and deforestation

 This is one of the biggest threats to biodiversity.

19. Which of the following is an example of pollution affecting biodiversity?

a) Cutting down trees to make space for farms
b) Chemicals in rivers killing fish and aquatic plants
c) Animals migrating to find new homes
d) A volcanic eruption changing the landscape

b) Chemicals in rivers killing fish and aquatic plants

 Pollution introduces harmful substances that disrupt ecosystems.

20. What is one major impact of climate change on biodiversity?

a) More animals migrating to new areas
b) More species evolving quickly
c) Rising temperatures causing species extinction
d) Faster growth of trees and plants

c) Rising temperatures causing species extinction

 Climate change alters habitats and threatens species survival.

21. Which of the following is an example of a high-biodiversity ecosystem?

a) A forest with many different species of birds, mammals, and plants
b) A farm growing only one type of crop
c) A desert with very few plants and animals
d) A coral reef that has only one type of fish

a) A forest with many different species of birds, mammals, and plants

 High biodiversity means having many different species in an area.

 22. Why is a rainforest considered highly biodiverse?
a) It has the most sunlight
b) It contains many different species of plants, animals, and microorganisms
c) It is the largest habitat on Earth
d) It has no human interference

b) It contains many different species of plants, animals, and microorganisms

 Rainforests have high species diversity.

23. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of biodiversity?

a) Provides food and medicine
b) Helps regulate climate
c) Increases pollution
d) Protects ecosystems from diseases

c) Increases pollution

 Pollution is a threat to biodiversity, not a benefit.

24. Which type of isolation occurs when species develop different mating behaviors?
a) Behavioral Isolation
b) Geographic Isolation
c) Reproductive Isolation
d) Genetic Isolation

a) Behavioral Isolation

 Differences in mating behaviors prevent species from interbreeding.

25. What is the best way to conserve biodiversity?

a) Destroying forests for urbanization
b) Creating protected areas and wildlife reserves
c) Hunting rare species
d) Polluting the environment

b) Creating protected areas and wildlife reserves

 Conservation efforts help maintain biodiversity.

26. Why is it important to maintain genetic diversity?

a) It prevents species from evolving
b) It increases species' ability to adapt to environmental changes
c) It reduces biodiversity
d) It keeps ecosystems unchanged

b) It increases species' ability to adapt to environmental changes

 Genetic diversity helps species survive environmental changes.

27. Which of the following species would be considered dominant in a forest ecosystem?
a) A rare bird species with few individuals
b) A tree species that covers most of the forest
c) A fish species living in a nearby lake
d) A group of insects that live underground

b) A tree species that covers most of the forest

 The dominant species is the most widespread or influential.

28. Why are hybrid animals like ligers not considered a species?
a) They are bigger than their parent species
b) They cannot produce fertile offspring
 c) They live in zoos
d) They have unique markings

b) They cannot produce fertile offspring

 Hybrid animals like ligers are usually sterile.

29. What is a simple way to measure biodiversity?

a) Counting the number of species in an area
b) Measuring the height of trees
c) Counting how many predators live in an area
d) Checking the climate of an ecosystem

a) Counting the number of species in an area

 This is the simplest way to measure biodiversity.

30. How can humans positively impact biodiversity?

a) By hunting more species
b) By planting more trees and protecting habitats
c) By increasing pollution
d) By clearing more land for cities

b) By planting more trees and protecting habitats

 Reforestation and habitat protection help conserve biodiversity.