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The document outlines an experiment conducted by a student at the Universal College of Engineering, focusing on network reconnaissance tools such as WHOIS, dig, traceroute, and nslookup. It explains the functionality and usefulness of each tool in gathering information about networks and diagnosing issues. The conclusion emphasizes the practical implementation of these tools in understanding network security.

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krutikapandya23
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4 views

CSSexp7__rollno_17

The document outlines an experiment conducted by a student at the Universal College of Engineering, focusing on network reconnaissance tools such as WHOIS, dig, traceroute, and nslookup. It explains the functionality and usefulness of each tool in gathering information about networks and diagnosing issues. The conclusion emphasizes the practical implementation of these tools in understanding network security.

Uploaded by

krutikapandya23
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Universal College of Engineering, Kaman

Department of Computer Engineering


Subject: Cryptography and System Security Experiment No: 7

Roll No: 55 Name: Krutika pandya Div: B Batch: B1

Aim: To study the use of network reconnaissance tools like WHOIS, dig, traceroute, nslookup to
gather information about networks.

Theory:-
WHOIS is a public database that contains information about domain names and their owners. It's
a tool for gathering information about a website, such as who owns it and how to contact them.

How WHOIS works

● WHOIS is a free public directory of registered domain names.


● It contains contact and technical information about the domain's owner.
● It also includes details of the domain's registration and expiration date.
● The International Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) regulates the
WHOIS database.

Why WHOIS is useful

● WHOIS is an essential tool to trace domain ownership.


● It's important to know WHOIS records when performing penetration testing.
● Many websites offer this service for free.

Tacert:- The tracert (trace route) command is a network diagnostic tool used to trace the path that
data takes from one device to another over an IP network. It shows the sequence of hops (routers
or devices) the data passes through to reach its destination, along with the time it takes for each
hop. This helps identify network issues like slowdowns or points of failure by providing detailed
information about the route and delays between nodes. The tracert command is commonly used in
Windows, while the equivalent command in Linux and macOS is traceroute.

Nslookup:- nslookup (Name Server Lookup) is a command-line tool used to query DNS (Domain
Name System) to obtain information about domain names and IP addresses. It allows users to look
up the IP address associated with a domain name or vice versa, and check the status of DNS
records (such as A records, MX records, and more). It's commonly used for troubleshooting
DNS-related issues, verifying domain name resolution, or gathering information about a domain.
The command can be run in interactive mode or with specific queries, like nslookup example.com,
to return the IP address for the domain.

Ping:- The ping command is a network utility used to test the connectivity between two devices
over a network (typically an IP network). It works by sending ICMP (Internet Control Message
Protocol) Echo Request messages to a target (such as a domain or IP address) and waits for a
response (Echo Reply). The command measures the round-trip time it takes for the message to
travel from the source to the target and back. It is commonly used to check if a network device is
reachable, diagnose network issues, and assess the stability of a connection by showing packet
loss and latency. For example, ping google.com will send requests to Google's servers to check if
they are reachable and how long it takes for the response to return.

Dig:- The dig (Domain Information Groper) command is a powerful DNS lookup tool used to
query DNS servers and retrieve detailed information about domain names, such as IP addresses,
mail server records (MX), and other DNS-related information. Unlike nslookup, dig provides
more extensive and flexible output, making it ideal for troubleshooting DNS issues, analyzing
DNS configurations, and querying specific DNS record types (like A, AAAA, CNAME, etc.). It's
commonly used by network administrators and developers to check DNS propagation, resolve
domain names, and examine DNS configurations in more detail. For example, running dig
example.com will return the A record (IP address) for that domain.

Output:-

Tracert
Nslookup

Ping

Dig
Whois:-

Conclusion:- Thus we have studied and implemented use of network reconnaissance tools like
WHOIS, dig, traceroute, nslookup to gather information about networks.

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