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relative clauses

The document outlines the use of relative pronouns in defining and non-defining clauses, detailing the differences between formal and informal usage. It provides examples of how to correctly use 'who,' 'that,' 'which,' and 'whose' in various contexts, emphasizing the importance of commas and verb agreement. Additionally, it discusses the use of prepositions with relative clauses and the concept of reduced relative pronouns.

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Alice
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23 views

relative clauses

The document outlines the use of relative pronouns in defining and non-defining clauses, detailing the differences between formal and informal usage. It provides examples of how to correctly use 'who,' 'that,' 'which,' and 'whose' in various contexts, emphasizing the importance of commas and verb agreement. Additionally, it discusses the use of prepositions with relative clauses and the concept of reduced relative pronouns.

Uploaded by

Alice
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RELATI

SUBJECT
VE
WHO (formal)
THAT (informal)

DEFINING / IDENTIFYING
WHICH (formal)
THAT (informal) To give essential information
No use a comma

DEFINING / IDENTIFYING NO-DEFINING /


Use singular verbs o plural verbs NONIDENTIFYING
depending of the subject add S. To give extra information
(someone, anyone, something, Use a comma
people)
Use WHO /WHICH
That’s the man who/that offered me
the job
The woman who/that saw in my
housing is my cousin

That is the house which/that they


lived
The museum which/that we visited
the last week is closed now

The shoes, which I bought Someone that supports the


yesterday, are comfortable. environment ( singular)
My uncle, who lives in USA, is Many people that support the
coming to visit. environment (plural )
DEFINING / IDENTIFYING
WHOSE
(person , animals
NO-DEFINING /
things) NONIDENTIFYING
The boy whose phone just rang
should stand up.
OBJECT

THAT (informal) THAT (informal)


WHO (formal) WHICH (formal)
WHOM (only in object)

Omitted relative clause


WHOSE
(person , animals When speaking but no in writing
things) Whose is not omitted

DEFINING / IDENTIFYING
(essential information , no comma)
NO-DEFINING /
NONIDENTIFYING
(extra information, comma)
She is the woman that / who / whom That is the poem that / which I wrote
I met in Greece in my first year

The author whom you criticized in


your blog sent a letter reply.
The boy, whose phone broken,
The author you criticized in your blog doesn’t leave.
sent a letter reply.

DEFINING / IDENTIFYING
(who / whom / which/ that )
NO-DEFINING /
NONIDENTIFYING
(no use a that)
Include preposition.

OBJECT OF In final of clauses ( informal)


Use before the relative pronouns

PREPOSITI (formal)

DEFINING / IDENTIFYING Omitted relative clause

(essential information , no comma)


NO-DEFINING / When speaking but no in writing
NONIDENTIFYING Whose is not omitted
(extra information, comma)
The music which Julie listens to is
good
The music to which Julie listens is
good
WERE Where ( for the places )
Include: area, country, house,

AND WHEN
place, room, etc

WHERE When ( for the time )


IN WHICH Include: day, moment, period,
Don’t use a preposition before where use in which season, time, year, etc

WHEN
ON WHICH
DURING WHICH
REDUCED
Don’t use a preposition before WHEN
(USED ONLI WITH SUBJECT)

Reduced the Relative pronoun Reduced the Relative pronoun


and verb be and transform the verb in ing
Do not clean the room where / in
which my son is studying.

I never forget the day when/ on


which /during which I graduated

The materials ( which) using in the The girl ( who is) crying in the
project is not expensive bedroom is my sister

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