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Must Read Principles of Surgery, Companion Handbook Complete Digital Book

The 'Principles of Surgery, Companion Handbook' is a portable reference designed for students and house officers, summarizing key concepts from the seventh edition of the main textbook. It covers various surgical topics, including systemic responses to injury, fluid management, and surgical complications. The handbook is produced by contributors from the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry and is intended to be used alongside the main textbook for comprehensive understanding.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
86 views16 pages

Must Read Principles of Surgery, Companion Handbook Complete Digital Book

The 'Principles of Surgery, Companion Handbook' is a portable reference designed for students and house officers, summarizing key concepts from the seventh edition of the main textbook. It covers various surgical topics, including systemic responses to injury, fluid management, and surgical complications. The handbook is produced by contributors from the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry and is intended to be used alongside the main textbook for comprehensive understanding.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Principles of Surgery, Companion Handbook

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S E V E N T H E D I T I O N

PRINCIPLES OF
SURGERY
C O M PA N I O N H A N D B O O K

Editor-in-Chief
SEYMOUR I. SCHWARTZ, M.D.
Associate Editors
G. TOM SHIRES, M.D.
FRANK C. SPENCER, M.D.
JOHN M. DALY, M.D.
JOSEF E. FISCHER, M.D.
AUBREY C. GALLOWAY, M.D.

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DOI: 10.1036/007137390X
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This page intentionally left blank.
CONTENTS
Contributors ix
Preface xiii
Chapter 1 THE SYSTEMIC RESPONSE TO INJURY 1
Chapter 2 FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE MANAGEMENT
OF THE SURGICAL PATIENT 53
Chapter 3 HEMOSTASIS 71
Chapter 4 SHOCK 87
Chapter 5 SURGICAL INFECTIONS 103
Chapter 6 TRAUMA 137
Chapter 7 BURNS 183
Chapter 8 WOUND CARE AND WOUND HEALING 223
Chapter 9 ONCOLOGY 237
Chapter 10 TRANSPLANTATION 273
Chapter 11 SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS 319
Chapter 12 PHYSIOLOGIC MONITORING OF THE
SURGICAL PATIENT 345
Chapter 13 SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE 369
Chapter 14 BREAST 381
Chapter 15 TUMORS OF THE HEAD AND NECK 403
Chapter 16 CHEST WALL, PLEURA, LUNG, AND
MEDIASTINUM 431
Chapter 17 CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 463
Chapter 18 ACQUIRED HEART DISEASE 493
Chapter 19 THORACIC ANEURYSMS AND AORTIC
DISSECTION 507
Chapter 20 ARTERIAL DISEASE 517
vii

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SCHWARTZ: PRINCIPLES OF SURGERY
viii COMPANION HANDBOOK

Chapter 21 VENOUS AND LYMPHATIC DISEASE 525


Chapter 22 MANIFESTATIONS OF GASTROINTESTINAL
DISEASE 533
Chapter 23 ESOPHAGUS AND DIAPHRAGMATIC
HERNIA 557
Chapter 24 STOMACH 603
Chapter 25 SMALL INTESTINE 619
Chapter 26 COLON, RECTUM, AND ANUS 631
Chapter 27 APPENDIX 659
Chapter 28 LIVER 667
Chapter 29 GALLBLADDER AND EXTRAHEPATIC
BILIARY SYSTEM 685
Chapter 30 PANCREAS 701
Chapter 31 SPLEEN 715
Chapter 32 INTRAABDOMINAL INFECTIONS 727
Chapter 33 ABDOMINAL WALL, OMENTUM,
MESENTERY, AND RETROPERITONEUM 737
Chapter 34 ABDOMINAL WALL HERNIAS 755
Chapter 35 PITUITARY AND ADRENAL 765
Chapter 36 THYROID AND PARATHYROID 783
Chapter 37 PEDIATRIC SURGERY 807
Chapter 38 UROLOGY 835
Chapter 39 GYNECOLOGY 867
Chapter 40 NEUROSURGERY 897
Chapter 41 ORTHOPAEDICS 927
Chapter 42 SURGERY OF THE HAND 961
Chapter 43 PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE
SURGERY 995
Chapter 44 MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY 1003
Index 1009
Contributors
JAMES T. ADAMS
Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

CARL H. ANDRUS
Clinical Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

ERIK BARQUIST
Assistant Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

PALMER Q. BESSEY
Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

ELETHEA H. CALDWELL
Clinical Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

ROBERT L. CALDWELL
Clinical Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

TULSI DASS
Clinical Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

BRENT DUBESHETER
Clinical Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

LUCIAN A. DURHAM
Assistant Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

ERDAL ERTURK
Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

ix

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SCHWARTZ: PRINCIPLES OF SURGERY
x COMPANION HANDBOOK

RICHARD M. GREEN
Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

JOSEPH A. JOHNSON
Clinical Assistant Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

DAVID W. JOHNSTONE
Assistant Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

DAVID A. KRUSCH
Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

ALEXANDER KURCHIN
Clinical Assistant Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

PATRICK LEE
Assistant Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

NAGENDRA NADARAJA
Clinical Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

MARK S. ORLOFF
Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

KENNETH OURIEL
Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

JAMES L. PEACOCK
Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

WALTER PEGOLI
Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
CONTRIBUTORS xi

STEPHEN M. RAUH
Clinical Assistant Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

HARRY C. SAX
Associate Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

LUKE O. SCHOENIGER
Assistant Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

SEYMOUR I. SCHWARTZ
Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

JOHN M. SNIDER
Assistant Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

THOMAS J. WATSON
Assistant Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

CHRISTIE R. WRAY
Professor
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
This page intentionally left blank.
preface
This handbook has resulted from the need of students and house
officers to be able to carry a book with them for easy reference
when there is limited access to the companion textbook. This
portable handbook is not meant to supersede the textbook and
should be used in conjunction with the seventh edition of Principles
of Surgery. The material prepared by the contributors to the hand-
book is based solely on the chapters from the seventh edition and
is meant to be a concise synopsis of the work of those original
authors.

xiii

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This page intentionally left blank.
acknowledgments
The abstracts of the chapters of the seventh edition of Principles of
Surgery, which comprise this companion handbook, were produced
by members of the Department of Surgery at the University of
Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry. I am indebted to them
for their efforts.

I also express my deep appreciation to Andrea Weinstein of the


University of Rochester, who worked with the contributors, the
publisher, and with me in every step of the production of the book.

Seymour I. Schwartz,
Editor-in-Chief

xv

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C H A P T E R

THE SYSTEMIC RESPONSE


1
TO INJURY

The host response to injury—surgical, traumatic, or infectious—is


characterized by various endocrine, metabolic, and immunologic
alterations. If the inciting injury is minor and of limited duration,
wound healing and restoration of metabolic and immune home-
ostasis occur readily. More significant insults lead to further dete-
rioration of the host regulatory processes, which, without appropri-
ate intervention, often precludes full restoration of cellular and
organ function or results in death. The spectrum of cellular meta-
bolic and immunologic dysfunction resulting from injury suggests
a complex mechanism for identifying and initially quantifying the
injurious event. This initial response is inherently inflammatory, in-
citing the activation of cellular processes designed to restore or
maintain function in tissues while also promoting the eradication or
repair of dysfunctional cells. These dynamic processes imply the
existence of anti-inflammatory or counterregulatory processes that
promote the restoration of homeostasis. A discussion of the re-
sponse to injury must account for the collective dynamics of neu-
roendocrine, immunologic, and metabolic alterations characteristic
of the injured patient.

ENDOCRINE RESPONSE TO INJURY


Overview of Hormone-Mediated
Response
The classic response to injury comprises multiple axes. These hor-
mone response pathways are activated by (1) mediators released by
the injured tissue, (2) neural and nociceptive input originating from
the site of injury, or (3) baroreceptor stimulation from intravascu-
lar volume depletion. The hormones released in response to these
activating stimuli may be divided into those primarily under hypo-
thalamopituitary control and those primarily under autonomic ner-
vous system control (Table 1-1). The interaction between these ori-
gins forms the basis of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, which
1

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TABLE 1-1
HORMONES REGULATED BY THE HYPOTHALAMUS, PITUITARY, AND AUTONOMIC SYSTEM

Hypothalamus Pituitary Autonomic System

Corticotropin-releasing hormone Anterior pituitary: Norepinephrine


Thyrotropin-releasing hormone ACTH Epinephrine
Growth hormone–releasing hormone Cortisol/glucocorticoid Aldosterone
Luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone Thyroid-stimulating hormone Renin-angiotensin
Thyroxine Insulin
Triiodothyronine Glucagon
2

Growth hormone Enkephalins


Gonadotrophins
Sex hormones
Insulinlike growth factors
Somatostatin
Prolactin
Endorphins
Posterior pituitary:
Arginine in vasopressin
Oxytocin

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