Paper II (Marks-100)

Part-A (30 Marks)

I. Comparative and Analytical Study of the Political Systems

(a) USA
1. The American Senate is like "the saucer in which the boiling tea of the House is cooled".
Elucidate and make a comparison with the Senate of Pakistan under the 1973
Constitution.(2000)
2. Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely‟. Through what mechanism this
has been prevented in the American Constitution?(2001)
3. The most prominent feature of American Political System is its mechanism of “Checks
and Balances”. Discuss its functioning. (2002)
4. Examine the role of political parties both in UK and US in formulating public opinion on
major issues in foreign policy making.(2003)
5. Examine critically the power of the President in the US Constitution.(2003)
6. Write down the election of the American President.(2003)
7. Examine the role of Supreme Court in the evolution of the American Constitution.(2005)
8. How system of check and Balances works in American government? Explain its
functioning.(2006)
9. Discuss the characteristics of the American Political Party System. How it differs from
the Britain?(2006)
10. Analyze the place of President occupies in the U.S political system today. Account for his
supremacy in the Government. (2007)
11. How was George.W.Bush elected as president of U.S.A in 2004? Explain the role of the
U.S President as executive head of the state.(2008)
12. Discuss Committee System in American Congress and point out its demerits. Also
compare it with British Committee System.(2009)
13. “The Senate of USA is the most powerful upper house in the world.” Do you agree with
the statement? Explain your answer with reference to the upper houses of India and
Pakistan. (2010)
14. Discuss in detail the legislative the legislative powers of the USA President.(2012)
15. What is judicial review? Discus its impact on USA’s decision making process.(2012)
16. Discuss the powers of senate of USA. Also analyze(2012)
17. American Senate is "the saucer in which the boiling tea of the House is cooled".
Elucidate. (2013)
18. Discuss the powers and functions of US Senate. Also explain the concept of Senatorial
Courtesy(2014)
19. The American Senate today is the most powerful legislative body in the world. Explain.
(2015)
20. The Senate of the USA is the most powerful Upper House in the world. Can you justify
this statement? Explain your answer with reference to the Upper Houses of India and
Pakistan.(2016)
 21. To what extent is it true that the President of the United States is more powerful than the
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (UK)? Justify your answer with comparative
analysis.(2017)
22. How the system of Checks and Balances works in the US political system? Explain with
examples. (2019)
(b) UK
1. The British Prime Minister is the "shining moon among the stars". Discuss.(2000)
2. The Cabinet is the "steering wheel of the ship of the state. It sets the direction of national
policy in U.K." Examine.(2000)
3. Short note on Magna Carta (2000)
4. Ministerial Responsibility is the cardinal principle of British democracy. Elaborate.
5. Do you agree that British Political System is known for the cabinet’s dictatorship? Give
your arguments for or against this idea.(2002)
6. Comparatively discuss the La\v-making process in the Parliament of Britain and
Congress of United States. (2004)
7. Examine the fundamental Principles of British Constitution. Also discuss the nature,
Powers and functions of the British Cabinet.(2005)
8. Do you agree in the Cabinet's dictatorship in UK has undermined the supremacy of the
parliament? Explain.(2006)
9. Discuss the position and powers of the British Prime Minister. How does
He compare with the American president?(2007)
10. Do you agree that sovereignty of the parliament is the dominant characteristic of British
Political System? Explain in detail the role of British parliament(2008)
11. Explain how the British democracy is overshadowed by the cabinet dictatorship?(2010)
12. What are the principles on which British Cabinet is organized and functions. Also
mention four occasions of cabinet change.(2011)
13. Explain why kingship is not abolished in England?(2013)
14. Explain the evolution of British Monarchy with focus on gradual transfer of powers from
the Monarch to the Prime Minister(2014)
15. “The British P.M. is a shining moon among stars”. In the light of this statement discuss
carefully the position and powers of English Prime Minister.(2015)
16. Under the Unitary State System, how local government system works in UK?(2020)
(c) France
1. Analyze the powers of the French President.(2001)
2. French System of Government is a model of highly centralized political system. Discuss
(2002)
3. The French politics is not as liberal as the Frenchmen claim. Discuss it in the light of the
working of the French Political System. (2003)
4. Discuss the Powers of the President of France under the Fifth Republic.(2005)
5. Discuss the position and powers of the British Prime Minister. How does He compare
with the American president?(2007)
6. Describe the salient features of the judicial system in France.How it differs from that of
Britain?(2008)
7. How Local Government function in France? Discuss(2009)
 8. How is the French President elected? Give an objective analysis of the powers enjoyed by
the President. (2010)
9. Enumerate the reasons for downfall of Fourth French Republic and discuss salient
features of 1958 Constitution.(2011)
10. Discuss the executive powers of the French president in detail. (2012)
11. Analyze the role of political parties in the post 1958 political system of France.(2014)
12. Discuss the salient features of the judicial system in France. How does it differ from that
of the Britain and Pakistan? (2016)
13. Write the Composition, Powers and Position of the French National Assembly.(2018)
14. How the party system in France is different to that in Germany? Discuss in detail.(2019)
(d) Germany
II. Global & Regional Integration
(a) Globalization & Politics
1. Discuss the way in which globalization could promote regionalization as an adaptation.
2. In the Post World War-II period, what were the important patterns of the Balance of
Power?(2020)
(b) Global Civil Society
1. *Global Civil Society
(c) Regional politico-economic integration and Organizational
Structures (EU, SAARC, ECO, IMF and WTO)
1. *European Union(2016)
2. *South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation(2016)
3. Discuss the basic norms of regional politico-economic integration and organizational
structure of the European Union. (2017)
4. To what extent global economic institutions are indispensable pieces of global
governance? (2018)
5. *ECO

Part-B (70 Marks)

III. Comparative and Analytical Study of the Political Systems:

(a) Turkey
1. Discuss the role of Army in the Political system of Turkey.(2000)
2. Mustafa Kamal’s political philosophy provides stability and ideological foundations to
the Turkish Political System. Discuss it.(2002)
3. How secure is the future of democracy both in Iran and Turkey after the 9/11 incident?
(2003)
4. Critically .evaluate role of political parties in Turkey.(2004)
5. * Role of Ataturk in building up modern Turkey(2005)
6. Explain the salient features of Iran's Political system? (2006)
7. Discuss SIX principles of Kemalism as the basis of Turkish political system.(2007)
 8. Analyze the role of Mustafa Kamal Ata-Turk as the first President of Turkish Republic
with special reference to "six principles of kamalism" to modernize turkey on western
pattern(2008)
9. How political parties organize and function in accordance with Turkish Constitution?
Also enlist five major parties with names of their founding fathers (2009)
10. *The predominance of the armed forces in the Turkish politics. (2010)
11. How Grand National Assembly in Turkey is elected? Discuss its Powers and
functions.(2011)
12. Discuss the salient features of 1982 Constitution of Turkey(2013)
13. Elaborate the secular aspect of Turkish Constitution and objectively analyze its impact on
Turkish society.(2014)
14. How Grand National Assembly of Turkey is elected? Discuss its powers and
functions.(2015)
15. Discuss the features of Turkish model of democracy keeping the distinguished position of
the armed forces in the Turkish politics.(2016)
16. Critically analyze the role of military in the Turkish politics.(2019)
17. Critically evaluate the role of Military in Turkish Politics? (2020)
(b) Iran
1. Short note on Islamic Revolution in Iran (2000)(2001)
2. Do you agree that we can present Iran as an Ideal Islamic State of the modern age?(2002)
(2005)
3. Examine the role of Islamic Consultative Assembly in shaping politics in Iran.(2004)
4. Explain the salient features of Iran's Political system?(2006)
5. Iranian Political System after the removal of the Shah of Iran. (2010)
6. *Basic principles of Iranian foreign policy. (2011)
7. *Role of "Leader" in the 1979 Constitution of Iran (2013)
8. *Rahbar in Iran’s Constitution.(2014)
9. *Guardian Council of Iran.(2018)
(c)Malaysia
(d) India
1. The President of India is "merely a figure head". Do you agree? Discuss.(2000) (2005)
2. Short Note on Secularism. (2001)
3. Coalitional governments have made Indian democracy fragile and crucial.
Substantiate.(2004)
4. Why Indian democracy is stronger than any other country of the region? Explain the
reason.(2006)
5. “The Indian Federation is rightly said to be a quasi-Federation having many elements of a
unitary state.” Discuss.(2007)
6. .Explain the salient features of Indian political system.(2008)
7. “India is a Secular State” critically examine and comment.(2009)
8. *The role of the President of India. (2010)
9. Impact on the region of Latest US President’s visit to India(2011)
10. *Lok Sabha (2012)
 11. "There is no such thing as Indian Secularism", Discuss.(2013)
12. *“India is a Secular State”. Critically examine and comment.(2015)
13. Compare and Contest the powers of Indian President with the American president.(2018)
(e) China
1. Short Note on Communist Party of China (2000)
2. Discuss the role of Communist Party in the Chinese politics.(2001)
3. Explain the Commune System of Peoples Republic of China. How it played role in
Socio-economic development of the country? (2002)
4. What are the main characteristics of the Chinese Political System.(2005)
5. Deng’s concept of “one country two systems” in China’s political system has succeeded
in achieving Chinese National objectives. Substantiate your answer.(2007)
6. Discuss the organization and the role of the communist part in the Chinese political
system.(2008)
7. *Cadres Scheme in Chinese Political System.(2009)
8. Discuss the salient features of the constitution of the People’s Republic of China in
comparison with the constitution of former Soviet Union.(2010)
9. How political Parties are organized in China? Discuss the organization and function of
Chinese Communist Party. (2011)
10. *National People's Congress of China(2013)
11. *Impact of Deng Xiaoping’s reforms on China(2014)
12. Discuss the salient features of Chinese Constitution (1982).(2015)
13. “A strong political system needs a very strong political economy.” Prove this statement
by making a comparative and analytical answer with reference to China and
Malaysia.(2017)
14. Discuss the powers and functions of China’s National People’s Congress?(2020)
IV. Political Movements in India(Colonial Period):
(a) Rise of Muslim Nationalism in South Asia and Pakistan Movement
(role of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Allama Iqbal and Quiad-e-Azam)
1. Discuss the‟ achievements of the Quaid-i-Azam for the establishment of Pakistan.(2000)
2. Examine the role of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and Iqbal in promoting the growth of Muslim
nationalism in India. (2003)
3. Short note on Quaid’s fourteen points (2005)
4. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Allam Iqbal and Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah were
forced by historical events to shift from their view of Hindu-Muslim Unity to Muslim
Nationalism. Elaborate (2008)
5. *Role played by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in the rise of Muslim Nationalism in the Sub-
continent.(2009)
6. Role of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as a reformer. (2010)
7. *Factors responsible for evolution of Two Nation Theory. (2011)
8. Discuss the Role of Quaid-i-Azam in creation of Pakistan.(2013)
9. How Iqbal’s wisdom helped in shaping the intellectual foundations of Pakistan?(2014)
10. Discuss the role of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in rise of Muslim Nationalism in
Subcontinent(2015)
 11. Explain the rise of Muslim nationalism in South Asia. What were its implications for the
nationalist politics of Indian National Congress?(2016)
12. Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah were the genuine
leaders who led the Muslim Nation towards success through their socio-political visions
in South Asia. Discuss their community services rendered for the Muslims of the
Subcontinent.(2017)
13. Do you agree that Pakistan was achieved by “Jinnah” through the “constitutional
democratic process for the sake of constitutional democracy”? (2018)
14. Iqbal is credited with creating the idea of Pakistan. Give your arguments.(2019)
V. Government and Politics in Pakistan:
(a) Constitution Making from 1947-1956
1. What factors contributed to the delay of constitution making process in the early years of
Pakistan? Discuss in detail.(2019)
(b) A Comparative and Analytical Analysis of 1956, 1962 and 1973
Constitutions of Pakistan
1. Ayub Khan‟s 1962 constitution was highly centralized and therefore ultimately
responsible for creating political turmoil in the country. Discuss.(2003)
2. Give comparative analysis of the Islamic provisions of 1956, 1962 and 1973
Constitutions of Pakistan.(2013)
3. *Reasons for the failure of 1956 Constitution.(2015)
4. *Islamic Provisions of 1973 Constitution of Pakistan.(2015)
5. Discuss the Major issues during the constitutional making process in Pakistan in 1956,
1962 and 1973.(2017)
6. Make a comparative analysis of the Constitution of 1956 and amended Constitution of
Pakistan 1973?(2020)
7. Compare and critically examine the following under 1956, 1962 and 1973 (Reinstated in
1985 with amendments) constitutions of Pakistan: Delegation of Power, No. seats in
Provincial Assemblies, Basic Rights, Mode of Elections, and National Language. (2009)
8.
(c) Constitutional Amendments up-to-date
1. Short note on Eighth Amendment.(2000)
(d) Federal Structure in Pakistan
1. Critically examine the Federal provisions of the Constitution of Pakistan.(2001)
2. Discuss evolution of Federalism in Pakistan with reference to its constitutional and
political development from 1956 to date.(2002)
3. Discuss the problems presently being faced to the federation of Pakistan? (2006)
4. What are the issues and problems of federation in Pakistan? Discuss with reference to the
US federation.(2016)
(e) Central-Provincial relations after 18th amendment
1. “In spite of the provisions of provincial autonomy in the 1973 constitution there are Anti-Centre
feelings in the federating units.” Discuss this statement with special reference to Baluchistan and
Sindh (2010)
 2. Discuss 18th amendment of pakistan.do u find the principle of social justice in this Amendment?
3. What are the political and administrative implications of the Eighteenth amendment to the 1973
Constitution of Pakistan? (2016)
4. Logically prove that 18th amendment of 1973 Constitution is considered to be the new social
contract for provincial autonomy among the Pakistani political parties.(2018)
(f) Political Culture of Pakistan
1. Write down variables by which political culture has not developed in Pakistan.(2004)
(g) Political Developments and the Role of Civil and Military
Bureaucracy, Judiciary, Feudalism, Dynastic Politics, Political
Parties and Interest Groups
1. Make a survey of the role of Judiciary in Pakistan as the Guardian of the Constitution .
2. Discuss the scope and significance of Judicial Review. Offer your criticism also (2011)
3. Compare and analyze the role played by Judiciary in Pakistan and discuss future
expectations and availability of options in the best interest of the state.(2011)
4. *Supreme court of Pakistan.(2012)
5. How far do you agree that the Political Parties and Interest Groups have established and
demolished the political system of Pakistan? Critically analyze.(2017)
(h) Elections & Voting Behavior
(i) Religion and Politics
(j) Ethnicity and National Integration
1. What are the major obstacles to the process of national integration in contemporary Pakistan?
Suggest remedies for success of the process.
VI. International Relations:
(a) History of I.R. : Post WWII Period
(b) Foreign Policy of Pakistan: National Interests and Major
Determinants
1. *Foreign policy making process in Pakistan.(2017)
2. Write down the major determinants of the foreign policy of Pakistan.(2019)
VII. Misc.:
1. What are the major factors in your opinion responsible for the success of democracy in India
and failure in Pakistan? (2003)
2. What is provincial autonomy? Discuss its importance in true federation.(2012)
3. *Fundamental rights *social justice(2012)
4. *Gerrymandering(2014)
5. Examine the importance of national interest for “peace and security” with special reference to
geostrategic position for economic opportunities of Pakistan in the 21st Century (2018)

6. Critically evaluate the role of Post-World War-II International Financial Regimes in the
economic development of the less developed countries.(2020)