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CIRCULATION_PPT

The circulatory system consists of blood vessels, a pump (the heart), and valves to ensure one-way blood flow, facilitating the distribution of nutrients and oxygen while removing waste. There are two types of circulation: single circulation, found in fish with a two-chambered heart, and double circulation, found in mammals with a four-chambered heart, which allows for more efficient blood flow and separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Double circulation is crucial for land animals, ensuring higher blood pressure and better oxygen supply to tissues.

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7 views

CIRCULATION_PPT

The circulatory system consists of blood vessels, a pump (the heart), and valves to ensure one-way blood flow, facilitating the distribution of nutrients and oxygen while removing waste. There are two types of circulation: single circulation, found in fish with a two-chambered heart, and double circulation, found in mammals with a four-chambered heart, which allows for more efficient blood flow and separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Double circulation is crucial for land animals, ensuring higher blood pressure and better oxygen supply to tissues.

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CIRCULATION

The circulatory system is a system of blood vessels with a pump and


valves to ensure one-way flow of blood.
What is circulation?
The movement of blood through the vessels of the body that is
induced by the pumping action of the heart and serves to
distribute nutrients and oxygen to and remove waste products
from all parts of the body.

Types of circulation
 Single Circulation
 Double Circulation
1. Single circulation
 Single circulatory pathways consist of a
double chambered heart with an atrium
and ventricle
 Fish have a two-chambered heart and
a single circulation.
 The blood only passes through the heart
once for each full circuit of the body.
 The heart pumps deoxygenated blood to
the gills where it gets oxygenated.
 Oxygenated blood is then supplied to the
entire fish body, with deoxygenated blood
returned to the heart.
 Heart → Gills → Body

Disadvantages of single Circulation:


Single circulation is less efficient because gill
capillaries slow down blood flow, resulting in
low pressure in the fish's vessels.
2. Double circulation:
 Mammals have a four-chambered
heart and a double circulation.
 Blood passes through the heart
twice during one circuit around
the body..
 The right side of the heart
receives deoxygenated blood from
the body and pumps it to the
lungs (the pulmonary circulation)
 The left side of the heart
receives oxygenated blood from
the lungs and pumps it to the
body (the systemic circulation)
 Heart → Body → Heart → Lungs
Advantages of Double Circulation:

 Higher blood pressure is maintained.


 There is a greater flow of blood to the tissues.
 There is separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
 This lets supply of oxygen to different cells of the body.
 This process of circulation is essential to
land animals that have lungs.

What ensures the double circulation in Human?


 Heart – Double pump
 Arteries – Takes the blood away from the heart
 Veins – Bring back the blood to the heart
 Semi-lunar valves– Semilunar valves in veins make sure blood does not
flow backwards (Permit one way flow or unidirectional flow of blood)

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