Year 9 EOY

Language
Paper 2
Revision Booklet

Section
A
Question 1 – Find 4 true statements [4 Marks]
Question 2 – Summary and Synthesis [8 Marks]
Question 3 – Language Analysis {12 Marks]
Question 4 – Comparing perspectives [16 Marks]
 Section B
Transactional Writing
It could be:
 Article
 Speech
 Report
 Letter
Timings
Reading the source – 10 minutes
Question 1 – 5 Minutes
Question 2 – 10 Minutes
Question 3 – 15 Minutes
Question 4 – 20 Minutes
Question 5 – 5-10 Minutes planning
35 Minutes writing
5 Minutes checking and editing

How the birth of the Iphone changed the world forever.

It has taken just 10 years for a 5 inch screen to take over almost every aspect of our lives,
writes Adrian Weckler.
The Independent, Monday 26th June 2017

1 It controls us. Look around any bus, restaurant or public space. Look into any sitting room or through
2 the windows of stopped cars at traffic lights. Anytime, anywhere – almost everyone is now looking
3 down at a small 5 inch screen.

4 We stare and stare, the occasional grin or grimace thrown in.

5 The touchscreen gizmo that the late Steve Jobs introduced 10 years ago is now our phone, computer,
6 camera, social life, TV, radio and news service all squished into one device.
1 It is now hard to function in basic daily life without an Iphone or one of the devices made in its
2 image. Schools and parents’ groups now communicate information over (smartphone-only)
3 WhatsApp. Grandparents increasingly depend on Facebook to keep in touch with what relatives are
4 doing. Airlines and travel companies are starting to emphasise phone boarding passes rather than
5 paper ones.

6 Little wonder that survey after survey shows the smartphone as the only indispensable item in our
7 daily routine.

8 Is this a step forward in civilisation, or the gateway to a dystopian future?

9 Those complaining about modern ways are often characterised as cranky middle-aged luddites. 1

10 “Why can’t people chat to one and other, as they used to in the old days?” They tell radio shows and
11 each other in doctors’ waiting rooms. “The smartphone is killing human interaction.”

12 Shy, isolated or lonely people may not see it this way. For them, the Iphone has been
13 transformational.

14 They can now talk to people without many of the usual stigmas and pressures.

15 As phone networks and broadband services gradually improve, they can access a wider range of
16 news and services without having to travel miles.

17 They can now feel part of the same society they felt excluded from before.

18 On the other hand, a small screen dictating everything from our language and physical looks to our
19 political opinions has arguably given rise to new forms of narcissism, group-think and social pressure.
20 In a world where photos are effectively the new text, image is more important than ever.

21 None of this is why Apple invented the Iphone in the first place. It did it to make money. And, it has
22 succeeded beyond its wildest dreams.

23 Conservatively, Apple has made over €150bn in profit from the gadget to date, probably the biggest
24 return from any single invention in history in such a short timeframe.

25 Along its 10-year journey, the Iphone has killed as many industries as it has given birth to.

26 It’s not easy to find a shop selling alarm clocks or home stereos anymore. The compact camera
27 business, for obvious reasons, has collapsed.

28 CDs, already endangered in 2007, are dead too. DVDs are just about to expire, but not because of
29 people watching on PCs. It is the larger screens on phones that is sustaining the huge growth in video
30 streaming.

31 The Iphone is the single most influential product of the last decade. It could well remain the single
32 most influential for the next.

1 1
Luddites – English members of organised groups of 19th century craftsmen who opposed the introduction of
2 textile machinery that was displacing them in the midst of the industrial revolution.
 In this magazine article, published in 1878, the writer describes one of the very first public
demonstrations of an exciting new invention: the telephone.

A scientific wonder
1 On Wednesday last a demonstration of the practical application of the uses of the newly invented
2 instrument for conveying2 the human voice, which is known as the telephone, was given at 115,
3 Cannon Street, E.C. The apparatus on this occasion may be likened to a small writing desk, having in
4 front of the telephonic operator an electric bell, which can be sounded by the correspondent at the
5 other extremity of the telegraphic wires; there is also a stud which, when pressed, sounds a second
6 electric bell on the distant correspondent’s instrument, to call his attention to the impending
7 message. On both sides of the desk are funnel-shaped wooden instruments, the wider end of one of
8 which is applied to the mouth when sending a message, and the other to the ear when receiving

1 2
Conveying – Transporting, delivering.
1 one. The smaller end of each instrument is continued into a wire, which is in direct communication
2 with the similar apparatus at which the correspondent sits.

3 To transmit a verbal message by the telephone, the sender first touches the electric stud, which
4 causes the bell to sound at the other end of the wire. This may be a few hundred yards or miles
5 distant. Placing one of the instruments to the mouth, the message is spoken, and is received by the
6 distant listener, who has his instrument applied to his ear; and his reply is conveyed back and
7 received in a similar manner.

8 Contrary to the general belief, the telephone does not convey, so to speak, the actual voice or sound.
9 In the telephone the vibrations of sound interrupt an electric current, and at the other end that
10 interrupted current reproduces the vibrations, and consequently re-creates the sound.

11 The demonstrations were perfectly successful: conversation was easily maintained with a distant
12 operator in some other part of the city; the very tones and inflexions3 of the voice were exactly
13 reproduced; an angry or affectionate message could be sent with appropriate emphasis; and one or
14 two of the ladies present indulged in mild flirtations with the unseen correspondent, sending out soft
15 suspirations4, and receiving vigorous osculations5 in return.

16 The utility and convenience of such an invention are obvious. Instead of sending a telegraphic
17 message6, requiring time to write, and a skilled operator to transmit, one has but to whisper into the
18 telephone, which, like a speaking tube practically unlimited in length, will convey the message to its
19 required destination. That the telephone will come into general use there is not the slightest doubt.
20 At present it is in its infancy; but the company established by Professor Bell is already engaged in
21 supplying instruments.

22 The success of the telephone in conveying messages great distances was shown in the experiments
23 recently performed before Her Majesty at Osborne, when a conversations was carried on between
24 London and the Isle of White, and vocal and instrumental music was transmitted with success.

Question 1:
Read again the first part of Source A from lines 1 to 13.
Choose four statements below which are true.
Shade in the circle to choose your answers.

A Some people worry that smartphones have changed the way we communicate.
B Everyone in a doctor’s waiting room is looking at their smartphones.
C The smartphone has changed some people's lives.
D Smartphones have made our lives much more difficult in some ways.
E Smartphones have made us more selfish.

1 3
Inflexions – changes of pitch in the voice.
2 4
Suspirations – sighs.
3 5
Osculations – Kisses.
4 6
Telegraphic Message – a message sent by telegram using morse code; the most common form of long
5 distance communication before the invention of the telephone.
 F The smartphone has made us more concerned about our appearance and what
people think of us.
G The Iphone was invented to make money.
H Shy people prefer to travel long distances rather than use a smartphone.

[4 marks]

Check
 A
 C
 F
 G

1
Question 2:
You need to refer to both Source A and Source B for this question.
Use details from both sources. Write a summary of the differences
between the two inventions.
[8 Marks]
Use your Knowledge Organiser to write a second paragraph
The writer of source A presents the Iphone as a wondrous piece of
technology that has improved the lives of many people; however, they
also suggest that the Iphone has some form of control over the
population. This is suggested in the first line “it controls us.” Furthermore,
when the writer says “Shy, isolated lonely people […] for them the Iphone
has been transformational,” shows the writer’s belief that the invention of
the Iphone has improved the lives of many. However, the writer of source
B presents the invention of the telephone as a piece of technology that is
still in it’s infancy, but has the potential to be a world changing piece of
technology. This is shown when the writer says, “at present it is in its
infancy,” which shows the writer’s understanding that the telephone is
new technology and that there will be some difficulties at first. The idea of
the telephone having potential is further suggested when the writer says
“the demonstrations were perfectly successful” when describing the
demonstrations of the phone. This shows that the writer understands that
this is just a demonstration of the technology and that it has been
successful for what it is, a demonstration.
 Question 3:
You now need only refer to Source A from lines 7 to 26.
How does the writer use language to describe the impact the Iphone has
had on society?
[12 Marks]
Use your Knowledge Organiser to write a second paragraph

Sample Response
The writer of source A emphasises the pervasive and far-reaching impact
the Iphone has had on shaping and controlling society. Firstly, the writer
uses the exaggerated phrase. “It’s now hard to function in basic daily life
without the Iphone.” The hyperbole “hard to function” suggests that the
Iphone has become a huge controlling aspect of society that it would now
be difficult to live without. This is further shown when the writer uses the
phrase, “the smartphone as the only indispensable item in our daily
routine.” The writer’s use of the word choice “indispensable” reinforces
this idea that the Iphone and, to a greater extent, the smartphone has
become a significant and important part of the society we now live in.

1
Question 4:
For this question, you need to refer to the whole of Source A, together
with the whole of Source B.
Compare how the writers convey their different perspectives on the
technologies they describe.
In your answer, you could:
 compare their different perspectives on the technologies.
 compare the methods the writers use to convey their perspectives.
 support your response with references to both texts.
[16 marks]
Use your Knowledge Organiser to write a second paragraph
In Source A and B, both writers discuss two inventions that are having a
considerable impact on their particular centuries. However, source A
seems to suggest both positives and negatives for the Iphone, whereas,
source B seems to have nothing but admiration for the wonders of this
new way of communicating over long distances, the telephone.
In source A, the writer initially introduces the idea of the Iphone with the
short sentence “it controls us.” This image of the phone as almost a
puppeteer suggests that the writer’s opinion of the impact of the
smartphone on modern society is going to be purely negative and about
the idea that the smartphone has created limits to human society and has
done little to improve it. On the other hand, the writer of source B begins
their writing with the idea that the telephone is compact and similar to
what people will be used to already. This is suggested by it being “likened
to a small writing desk”; the simile implies that the writer feels as though
the implementation of the telephone for the ordinary person won’t be too
difficult to grasp; it will be an easy transition, given how mundane writing
desks are. The image of the “desk” also suggests that humans are in
control – they are the ones with agency, unlike in Source A, which is the
direct opposite: they believe phones are in command of us.

Question 5:
“Smartphones have turned us into a generation of disconnected
individuals, more focused on screens than human interaction.”
Write an article for the college magazine where you discuss the extent to
which you agree or disagree with this statement.
[24 marks for content and organisation]
 and [16 marks for technical accuracy]
[40 marks]

Use your Knowledge Organiser to write a response

Sample Response

1 A – Audience
2 As you settle into your usual coffee break, phone in hand, scrolling through endless
3 notifications, there’s only one question on your mind: ‘Am I missing the world as it
4 happens?’ To that, I say: lift your gaze, for connection awaits beyond the screen.

5 D – Dystopia
6 Imagine a school or university where friends dine in silence, heads bowed over glowing
7 rectangles; laughter is replaced by emoji reactions, and genuine conversation has become as
8 rare as dial-up internet.

9 E – Economic / Environmental / Ethical / Emotional

10 Firstly, socially, our fixation on screens has eroded the spontaneity of human interaction:
11 study groups meet in virtual rooms, friendships falter when face-to-face empathy is starved.
12 Moreover, emotionally, research shows that excessive smartphone use correlates with
13 loneliness and anxiety, suggesting our digital tether comes at the cost of mental well-being.

14 M – Moral
15 We face a moral dilemma: to prioritise curated online personas or to honour the authenticity
16 of real-world relationships.

17 P – Personal (Ethos)
18 I remember last semester when, after a day of back-to-back Zoom calls, I craved nothing
19 more than a simple conversation over library steps—only to find my peers lost in
20 notifications rather than each other’s company.

21 C – Counter-argument
22 You might argue that smartphones keep us informed and connected across continents. Yet
23 this global reach rings hollow when it severs the bond of close-quarter camaraderie.

24 S – Solution
25 The remedy is straightforward: designate screen-free hours during campus life, encourage
26 outdoor study circles, and reintroduce phone-free social events that celebrate unfiltered
27 dialogue.

28 U – Utopia & Call to Action

29 Now imagine a college where laughter echoes between real voices, where study breaks spark
1 impromptu debates, and where friendships deepen in candid conversation. It begins today—
2 set down your device, look up, and rediscover the power of presence.