2023 9th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS)

Internet of Things (IoT) Assisted Smart Agriculture

Monitoring and Summarization System using
NodeMCU and Efficient Sensor Unit
2023 9th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS) | 979-8-3503-8420-8/23/$31.00 ©2023 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICSSS58085.2023.10408069

Dr. Madasamy Raja. G. Mrs. B.Deepa Mr. Nijanthan

Associate Professor Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
Department of Information Technology Department of Information Technology Department of Computer Science and
Paavai Engineering College Paavai Engineering College Engineering
Namakkal Namakkal, Tamilnadu Paavai College Of Technology
Tamilnadu - 637018 637018 Namakkal, Tamilnadu
[email protected] [email protected] 637018
[email protected]
Dr. B. Swapna B.Sai Divya
Associate Professor/Ece School Of Agriculture Mrs. Parinita J Chate
Dr Mgr Educational And Research Institute, SR University Department of Computer Engineering,
Chennai. Warangal, Telangana Bharati Vidyapeeth's College Of
[email protected] [email protected] Engineering Lavale,Pune
Pune
[email protected]

Abstract—The Internet of Things (IoT) has catalyzed wastage, and suboptimal yields. The integration of IoT into
transformative advancements across various industries, and agriculture presents an opportunity to overcome these
agriculture is no exception. This paper introduces an innovative challenges by providing a connected and intelligent
IoT-assisted Smart Agriculture Monitoring and Summarization framework for monitoring and managing agricultural activities
System designed to enhance farming practices. The system [2]. While these systems have been effective to some extent,
seamlessly integrates NodeMCU, agricultural drones, and an
array of sensors, including optical sensors, soil moisture sensors,
they are primarily manual-dependent and incur high
motion sensors, and temperature and humidity sensors. Monthly implementation costs [3]. Moreover, these conventional
crop yield, soil health parameters, and environmental conditions systems contribute to water and electric resource wastages,
are meticulously monitored and processed through cloud-based often relying on solar panels to address power supply issues.
analytics. The user-friendly dashboard provides real-time
insights, alerts, and actionable recommendations to empower The integration of the IoT in agriculture has ushered in a
farmers in decision-making. This sophisticated amalgamation of new era of efficiency and precision, particularly through the
cutting-edge technologies not only addresses the inefficiencies of development of Smart Agriculture Monitoring and
traditional farming but also paves the way for a more sustainable Summarization Systems. This transformative technology
and efficient agricultural future. The presented system serves as
a blueprint for leveraging IoT in agriculture, fostering data-
combines IoT devices, sensor units, and cloud-based analytics
driven precision farming and contributing to global food to provide real-time insights and automate crucial aspects of
security. farming, promising enhanced productivity and sustainable
practices. At its core, the IoT-assisted Smart Agriculture
Keywords—Internet of Things (IoT), Smart Agriculture Monitoring and Summarization System is designed to address
Monitoring,NodeMCU, Agricultural Drones, Optical Sensor, Soil the inherent challenges faced by traditional farming methods.
Moisture Sensor, Motion Sensor, Temperature, Humidity Sensor. In many agricultural settings, manual monitoring and resource
management have proven to be labor-intensive and prone to
I.INTRODUCTION inefficiencies [4] [5]. The system leverages IoT technology to
create a network of interconnected devices that collect,
In recent years, the convergence of technology and transmit, and analyze data from various sensors strategically
agriculture has given rise to innovative solutions aimed at placed in the agricultural environment.
optimizing farming practices. One such transformative
technology is the Internet of Things (IoT), which holds The operational flow of the system involves the IoT devices
immense potential in revolutionizing the agricultural interfacing with the sensor unit to gather real-time data. This
landscape. A significant leap forward in addressing the data is then transmitted to a cloud-based analytics platform for
challenges faced by traditional farming methods, offering real- storage, analysis, and visualization. Cloud platforms such as
time monitoring, automation, and data-driven decision-making AWS IoT or Microsoft Azure process the data, employing
for enhanced agricultural productivity [1]. Agriculture, being machine learning algorithms to derive actionable insights. The
the backbone of many economies, faces numerous challenges, functionalities of this system are diverse and impactful. Real-
including climate change, resource management, and the need time monitoring provides farmers with immediate access to
for increased efficiency. Traditional farming methods often critical information about soil conditions, temperature,
involve manual monitoring, leading to inefficiencies, resource humidity, and light exposure. Automation, a key feature,

979-8-3503-8420-8/23/$31.00
Authorized ©2023
licensed use limited to: IEEECOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. Downloaded on February 19,2025 at 03:42:40 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
EASWARI
 2023 9th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS)

allows for the optimization of irrigation schedules based on assessment of crop conditions. The integration of IoT allows
soil moisture levels [6]. The illustration in Figure 1 depicts the for the development of automatic watering systems [10].
implementation of intelligent IoT technology in These systems can analyze soil moisture levels and weather
agriculture.Farmers can easily interpret trends, patterns, and conditions to optimize irrigation schedules, preventing both
anomalies through user-friendly interfaces, empowering them water wastage and water deficiency. IoT devices can
to make informed decisions. efficiently manage water flow in agricultural fields. By
monitoring water usage and flow rates, farmers can make
informed decisions to conserve water resources and enhance
overall efficiency.

II. RELATED STUDY

One of the most significant applications of the IoT is smart

agriculture. Smart farming minimizes lost water, fertilizer, and
harvest by optimizing these three factors. Existing agricultural
systems are inefficient because they need human labor-
intensive manual sensing of parameters including temperature,
moisture, and humidity. The irrigation process is automated
with the use of several sensors, reducing the need for human
intervention [11]. It is advised to utilise a sensor-based
Fig. 1 Smart IoT Agriculture monitoring system for crop fields. Measurements of soil
moisture, humidity, and temperature would have to be taken.
Traditional internet-enabled mediums have limitations in Monitoring these factors allows for automated watering
terms of connectivity range and cost-effectiveness [7]. In systems to be built. Providing more food for a growing global
contrast, IoT provides a robust solution by enabling internet population while using fewer resources is a formidable
services for smart devices without significant interventions. In challenge, but one that smart farming might help alleviate.
the context of agricultural monitoring, IoT offers several Smart farming is not only necessary for feeding the world's
advantages, including manual intervention-free monitoring, growing population in a sustainable manner, but it also
automatic watering systems, and efficient water flow provides several benefits to farmers and local communities
management. The system provides farmers with actionable everywhere. Using these methods, farmers may boost yields
insights derived from data analysis, facilitating data-driven while also enhancing their management of the surrounding
decision-making for crop management [8]. The use of ecosystem. IoT-based smart agriculture improves farming in
NodeMCU as a low-cost IoT platform and efficient sensors general by keeping an eye on the fields. Thanks to sensors and
contributes to the cost-effectiveness of the system. The networks, IoT in farming helps farmers save time and cut
potential for increased crop yields and resource savings down on wasteful water use, among other benefits. Power
outweighs the initial investment. By optimizing resource grid, temperature sensors connected to the web.
usage and minimizing wastage, the system contributes to
environmental sustainability in agriculture. Reduced water The study of agriculture began with the principle that
usage aligns with the goal of sustainable and responsible individual systems are all interrelated. Therefore, it was
farming practices. essential to think about agriculture, crops, and cattle. As
people began to gradually digitalize farming with new
Integrating the system with precision agriculture techniques, information technologies, the concept of "smart farming"
such as drones and satellite imagery, can provide a more emerged as a result of the IoT. Institutes of higher learning
comprehensive understanding of crop conditions [9]. This and scientific research develop and market novel IoTbased
integration can further enhance the precision and efficiency of agricultural goods and services. There are several groups, both
farming practices. As the system involves the collection and public and commercial, that look into new farming
transmission of sensitive agricultural data, ensuring robust technologies. Therefore, we need to encourage dialogue and
data security and privacy measures is imperative. collaboration among the many players in the farming business
Implementing encryption and secure communication protocols in order to develop smart agricultural standards and enhance
should be prioritized. Collaborating with agricultural the interoperability of systems and technologies. The obtained
researchers, policymakers, and technology developers can corpus undergoes preliminary processing in order to generate
foster a holistic approach to smart agriculture. Engaging a lexical pool. The obtained corpus is subjected to text mining,
stakeholders ensures that the system aligns with the broader latent semantic analysis, and network analysis in order to
goals of sustainable agriculture and food security. generate active research domains from the phrases. The word
frequency-inverse document frequency score is used to extract
IoT-enabled agricultural monitoring systems reduce the the most important phrases. KNIME and VOSviewer were
need for manual oversight. This not only saves time for used for experimentation in [12]. Last but not least, K-means
farmers but also ensures a more accurate and real-time clustering is used to present ten active study fields that a
prospective researcher might go into for greater depth. These

Authorized licensed use limited to: EASWARI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. Downloaded on February 19,2025 at 03:42:40 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2023 9th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS)

tendencies might be the starting point for research into the

Agricultural Drones
many problems that plague intelligent farming. It highlights
potential new avenues for investigation.

Agriculture offers human beings with crucial resources such

Optical Sensor
as fiber, food and energy; consequently, it has been one of the
Motion Sensor
most significant industries in human history. Farmers' losses
are being cut and their output is being boosted thanks to new
technological initiatives. The agricultural industry has the Soil Moisture Sensor
NodeMCU
potential to develop by embracing new technology. In
ESP8266 LCD Display
instance, IoT is a cutting-edge technology now employed by
several market leaders. In [13] offers a tiny farm built on IoT Temperature Sensor
systems with the goal of giving farmers access to cutting-edge
technologies like NodeMCU, the IoT, and wireless sensor
networks (WNS). Here, real-time data is detected by means of Humidity Sensor
Wi-Fi
NodeMCU and linked sensors (DHT-11 as temperature
sensor, soil moisture detector, and PIR sensor to detect water
level in soil and intruder activity, respectively) and then saved
Power Supply
on cloud for later use. The Blynk app is used for both data
visualization and switching on and off of critical field
equipment including motors, fans, lights and heaters. It aids in Fig. 2 Block Diagram of Proposed Method
the prevention of blunders by encouraging foresight and
forewarning. This setup is a low-cost and user-friendly A. NodeMCU ESP8266
example of precision agriculture.
The NodeMCU ESP8266 in Figure 3, emerges as a
The climate has a significant impact on the number of powerful and cost-effective solution for implementing smart
workers, the quality of the crops, and the yields in Kuwait's agriculture monitoring systems. This compact and versatile
vast agricultural areas, especially in the desert. Since most of microcontroller, based on the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, enables
these fields aren't exactly in the middle of town, keeping an seamless connectivity and data transfer in agricultural
eye on them might be a challenge. A smart irrigation system environments. Equipped with analog and digital pins, the
that utilises Zigbee wireless technology to keep track of and NodeMCU facilitates the integration of various sensors,
manage water distribution in a farm's fields. Temperature, including those measuring soil moisture, temperature, and
humidity, wetness, and gas concentration are only few of the humidity, transforming traditional farms into intelligent, data-
factors taken into account. The IoT has had a profound driven operations. Its compatibility with IoT platforms allows
impact on precision agriculture by allowing for continuous farmers to remotely monitor and manage crucial parameters
study of crop development and health. A deep dive into the via a web interface. The NodeMCU's real-time data collection
potential of IoT-enabled smart crop monitoring devices for capabilities empower farmers to make informed decisions
environmentally friendly, pinpoint farming. about irrigation schedules, crop health, and resource
optimization. By leveraging this technology, smart agriculture
systems utilizing NodeMCU ESP8266 contribute to increased
III. METHODOLOGY efficiency, sustainability, and productivity in farming
practices, marking a significant stride towards precision
The proposed IoT Assisted Smart Agriculture Monitoring agriculture and the IoT in the agricultural sector.
and Summarization System is a comprehensive solution
integrating various sensors for precision farming. Soil
moisture sensors monitor hydration levels, while temperature
and humidity sensors track environmental conditions. Crop
health is assessed through specialized sensors detecting
nutrient levels and disease indicators. Figure 2 illustrates the
block diagram of the proposed methodology.Additionally,
automated weather stations provide real-time meteorological
data. These sensors collectively gather a vast array of
information, transmitting it wirelessly to a central hub.
Fig. 3 NodeMCU ESP8266
Advanced algorithms then analyze and summarize this data,
offering farmers actionable insights. This interconnected
B. Agricultural Drones
network of sensors empowers precision agriculture by
enabling timely and informed decision-making, ultimately
Agricultural drones, in Figure 4 represent a transformative
optimizing crop yields and resource management.
technology in smart agriculture monitoring, offering a bird's-
eye view of fields for comprehensive data collection and

Authorized licensed use limited to: EASWARI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. Downloaded on February 19,2025 at 03:42:40 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2023 9th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS)

analysis. These unmanned aerial vehicles are equipped with D. Soil Moisture Sensor
advanced imaging technologies, such as multispectral and
thermal cameras, enabling them to capture high-resolution The Soil Moisture Sensor depicts in Figure 6 is a crucial
images and gather valuable data on crop health, soil component in the realm of smart agriculture monitoring,
conditions, and irrigation efficiency. Agricultural drones can designed to optimize crop cultivation by providing precise
cover large areas efficiently, providing farmers with real-time insights into soil hydration levels. Strategically embedded in
insights into the spatial variability of their fields. This data can the agricultural landscape, these sensors measure the moisture
be used to create detailed maps for precision farming, content of the soil at various depths. By continuously
identifying areas that may require specific attention, such as monitoring soil moisture, farmers gain valuable information
nutrient supplementation or pest control. By facilitating rapid about the water status in their fields. This data is then
and targeted interventions, agricultural drones enhance overall transmitted in real-time to a centralized system, allowing for
crop management, optimize resource utilization, and prompt decision-making. Armed with these insights, farmers
contribute to sustainable agriculture practices, making them a can implement targeted irrigation strategies, ensuring that
vital component in the arsenal of tools for modern and crops receive the appropriate amount of water at the right
efficient farming. time. This not only enhances water efficiency but also
mitigates the risk of overwatering or underwatering,
promoting sustainable agricultural practices. The Soil
Moisture Sensor thus emerges as a key tool in precision
farming, contributing to increased crop yields, resource
optimization, and overall environmental sustainability in
agriculture.

Fig. 4 Agricultural Drones

C. Optical Sensor

Optical sensors shown in Figure 5 play a pivotal role in

advancing smart agriculture monitoring by offering a
sophisticated means of assessing crop health and growth.
These sensors utilize light wavelengths to analyze various
parameters, including chlorophyll content, leaf structure, and
overall plant vitality. Deployed across fields, optical sensors Fig. 6 Soil Moisture Sensor
capture detailed information about the physiological status of
crops. By measuring the absorption and reflection of light, E. Temperature and Humidity Sensor
these sensors can identify stress factors, nutrient deficiencies,
or the presence of pests and diseases. The collected data is Temperature and humidity sensors shown in Figure 7
then processed and transmitted to a central system, enabling provides real-time insights into environmental conditions
farmers to make informed decisions about nutrient application, crucial for optimal crop growth.
pest control measures, and overall crop management. Optical
sensors contribute to precision agriculture by providing non-
invasive, real-time insights into plant conditions, allowing for
timely interventions that optimize yield, reduce resource
inputs, and foster sustainable farming practices in alignment
with the specific needs of each crop.

Fig. 7 Temperature and Humidity Sensor

F. Motion Sensor

Motion sensors (Figure 8) bring a valuable dimension to

smart agriculture monitoring by providing insights into the
movement patterns of wildlife or potential intruders in
agricultural areas. These sensors, often based on technologies
like passive infrared (PIR), ultrasonic, or microwave
detection, can be strategically placed to detect motion within a
Fig. 5 Optical Sensor specified range. In agricultural contexts, motion sensors
contribute to security and pest management. They can alert

Authorized licensed use limited to: EASWARI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. Downloaded on February 19,2025 at 03:42:40 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2023 9th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS)

farmers to the presence of pests or wildlife that may threaten analytical layer forms the basis for informed decision-making
crops, enabling timely interventions. Additionally, motion and actionable insights.
sensors can be integrated with cameras to capture images or
videos for further analysis. This technology not only aids in
TABLE 1. OPTICAL SENSOR DATA
protecting crops from external threats but also assists in
understanding and managing the dynamics of the agricultural
environment. By adding a layer of situational awareness, Date R1 R2 R3 R4 R5
motion sensors enhance the overall effectiveness of smart
8/1/2023 1200 1185 1212 1178 1195
agriculture systems, promoting sustainable and secure farming
practices. 8/2/2023 1150 1168 1175 1182 1165

8/3/2023 1235 1240 1222 1218 1230

8/4/2023 1189 1195 1202 1190 1183

8/5/2023 1225 1210 1205 1218 1222

8/6/2023 1198 1192 1200 1185 1172

8/7/2023 1215 1208 1220 1212 1225

8/8/2023 1175 1180 1172 1168 1185

Fig. 8 Motion Sensor 8/9/2023 1240 1225 1235 1230 1222

8/10/2023 1188 1195 1180 1172 1198

The IoT-assisted Smart Agriculture Monitoring and
Summarization System operates seamlessly through the
orchestrated collaboration of NodeMCU devices, agricultural
drones, and a network of sensors. NodeMCU, strategically
placed in the agricultural area, collects real-time data from
sensors measuring soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and
drone-captured optical information. This data is then
transmitted to a cloud-based analytics platform, where
machine learning algorithms analyze and process it. The
system's user-friendly dashboard presents summarized
insights, including trends, anomalies, and actionable
recommendations, empowering farmers to make informed
decisions. Real-time alerts ensure timely responses to critical
events, enhancing the overall efficiency and sustainability of
agricultural practices. This intelligent system represents a
convergence of cutting-edge technologies, providing a
transformative approach to modern farming.

Fig. 9 Optical Sensor Data

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The provided dataset represents in Table 1 and Figure 9
The implementation of an IoT Assisted Smart Agriculture sensor readings over a 10-day period, measuring variables
Monitoring and Summarization System involves seamlessly denoted as R1 through R5 on dates from August 1, 2023, to
integrates various components for efficient data collection, August 10, 2023. Each row corresponds to a specific date, and
analysis, and decision-making. The initial step focuses on the each column represents a different sensor reading. For
deployment of IoT devices, specifically NodeMCU boards. instance, on August 3, 2023, the sensors recorded readings of
These boards, based on the ESP8266 microcontroller, are 1235, 1240, 1222, 1218, and 1230 for R1 through R5,
strategically installed in the agricultural area and programmed respectively. These readings likely pertain to distinct
to establish Wi-Fi connectivity. The configuration ensures that environmental factors, such as light intensity, soil moisture,
NodeMCU can effectively communicate with the selected temperature, or other parameters being monitored. The dataset
cloud platform, forming the backbone of the IoT is essential for understanding variations and trends in these
infrastructure. The collected data is then transmitted to a sensor readings over time, offering valuable insights into the
cloud-based analytics platform, such as AWS IoT or Microsoft dynamic conditions experienced during this specific
Azure, where it undergoes processing and analysis. Machine timeframe. Analyzing this data can inform decision-making
learning algorithms are employed for predictive analysis and processes, especially in the context of agricultural or
anomaly detection, enabling the system to identify patterns environmental monitoring where precise measurements are
and correlations in the agricultural data. This advanced crucial for optimal outcomes.

Authorized licensed use limited to: EASWARI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. Downloaded on February 19,2025 at 03:42:40 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2023 9th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS)

TABLE 2. SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR DATA

REFERENCES

[1] Dr.A.B.Arockia Christopher, MSivakumar, Dr.A.S.Muthantha

Date R1 (%) R2 (%) R3 (%) R4 (%) R5 (%)
Murrugavel,. A Study on Smart Agriculture Monitoring System
Using Different IoT Applications. Authorea. July 28, 2023. DOI:
8/1/2023 35 38 33 36 34 10.22541/au.169052791.18710090/v1
8/2/2023 32 34 31 35 33 [2] Bin Mushtaq, Aboubakar & Ali, Hassan & Latif, Rizwan &
Ammar, Muhammad. “IOT Based Smart Agriculture Monitoring
8/3/2023 38 36 39 37 40 System”. 2023 10.13140/RG.2.2.14040.47367.
[3] Suresh Kumar S (2023), "SMART AGRICULTURE SYSTEM",
8/4/2023 36 37 35 38 34
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering
8/5/2023 40 39 41 38 37 Technology and Science , Volume:05/Issue:05, 7.868, DOI:
10.56726/IRJMETS38282
8/6/2023 33 32 35 34 31 [4] Rahman Rahman MB, Chakma JD, Momin A, Islam S, Uddin MA,
8/7/2023 37 39 36 38 40 Islam MA, Aryal S. Smart Crop Cultivation System Using
Automated Agriculture Monitoring Environment in the Context of
8/8/2023 30 31 29 32 30 Bangladesh Agriculture. Sensors. 2023; 23(20):8472.
8/9/2023 42 40 41 39 40 https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208472
[5] U. Archana, A. Khan, A. Sudarshanam, C. Sathya, A. K.
8/10/2023 35 34 37 36 33 Koshariya and R. Krishnamoorthy, "Plant Disease Detection using
ResNet," 2023 International Conference on Inventive Computation
Technologies (ICICT), Lalitpur, Nepal, 2023, pp. 614-618, doi:
10.1109/ICICT57646.2023.10133938.
[6] Ahmad Faisol Suhaimi, Naimah Yaakob, Sawsan Ali
Saad, Khairul Azami Sidek., (2021), "IoT Based Smart Agriculture
Monitoring, Automation and Intrusion Detection System", Journal
of Physics: Conference Series, Volume 1962, The 1st International
Conference on Engineering and Technology, DOI 10.1088/1742-
6596/1962/1/012016
[7] S. K. Saravanan, T. Krishna Kumar, D. UdayaSuriyaRajkumar, R.
Krishnamoorthy, R. Narayana Rao and R. Thiagarajan, "IoT Alert
Reflexion of Forbidden Deforestation Regions with Drone
observation," 2023 Third International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS), Coimbatore, India, 2023,
pp. 1650-1655, doi: 10.1109/ICAIS56108.2023.10073774.
[8] M. Mudholkar, P. Mudholkar, V. H. R. Dornadula, K.
Sreenivasulu, K. Joshi and B. Pant, "A Novel Approach to IoT
based Plant Health Monitoring System in Smart Agriculture," 2022
5th International Conference on Contemporary Computing and
Informatics (IC3I), Uttar Pradesh, India, 2022, pp. 113-116, doi:
10.1109/IC3I56241.2022.10072603.P.
Fig. 10 Soil Moisture Sensor Data [9] P. Palniladevi, T. Sabapathi, D. A. Kanth and B. P. Kumar, "IoT
Based Smart Agriculture Monitoring System Using Renewable
Energy Sources," 2023 2nd International Conference on Vision
V. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE Towards Emerging Trends in Communication and Networking
Technologies (ViTECoN), Vellore, India, 2023, pp. 1-6, doi:
10.1109/ViTECoN58111.2023.10157010.
IoT-assisted Smart Agriculture Monitoring and [10] T. Manglani, A. Vaishnav, A. S. Solanki and R. Kaushik, "Smart
Summarization System emerges as a transformative solution Agriculture Monitoring System Using Internet of Things (IoT),"
that holds the promise of revolutionizing traditional farming 2022 International Conference on Electronics and Renewable
Systems (ICEARS), Tuticorin, India, 2022, pp. 501-505, doi:
practices. The integration of IoT technologies, coupled with 10.1109/ICEARS53579.2022.9752446.
NodeMCU, agricultural drones, and a diverse array of sensors, [11] Krishnamoorthy, R., Bikku, T., Priyalakshmi, V., Amina Begum,
presents a comprehensive framework for precision agriculture. M., Arun, S. (2021). A Concept of Internet of Robotic Things for
This system addresses critical challenges faced by the Smart Automation. In: Singh, K.K., Nayyar, A., Tanwar, S.,
Abouhawwash, M. (eds) Emergence of Cyber Physical System and
agricultural sector, ranging from resource optimization to IoT in Smart Automation and Robotics. Advances in Science,
climate adaptability, and empowers farmers with real-time Technology & Innovation. Springer, Cham.
insights for informed decision-making. The significance of https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66222-6_6
this system lies not only in its ability to collect and process [12] Shamneesh Sharma, Chetan Sharma, Evans Asenso, Komal
Sharma, "Research Constituents and Trends in Smart Farming: An
data but also in its potential to drive sustainable agricultural Analytical Retrospection from the Lens of Text Mining", Journal
practices. By harnessing the power of IoT, farmers gain access of Sensors, vol. 2023, Article ID 6916213, 21 pages, 2023.
to a wealth of information that can guide them in optimizing https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6916213
irrigation, managing soil health, and responding proactively to [13] H. L. Beaulah, R. Revathi, J. Deepika, A. S. Oliver, R.
Krishnamoorthy and R. Thiyagarajan, "Lung Melanoma
environmental changes. Recognition through Platelet Count Composition Using Supervised
ML Technique," 2022 International Conference on Augmented
Intelligence and Sustainable Systems (ICAISS), Trichy, India,
2022, pp. 482-487, doi: 10.1109/ICAISS55157.2022.10010730.

Authorized licensed use limited to: EASWARI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. Downloaded on February 19,2025 at 03:42:40 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.