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Unit-1 Data representation

The document covers data representation, including number systems, character sets, and the differences between ASCII and Unicode. It explains concepts like image resolution, sample resolution, and the advantages of increasing color depth, as well as the processes of recording analogue sound and file compression. Additionally, it discusses the benefits and drawbacks of using Unicode, the effects of decreasing image resolution, and methods of lossless and lossy compression.

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6 views4 pages

Unit-1 Data representation

The document covers data representation, including number systems, character sets, and the differences between ASCII and Unicode. It explains concepts like image resolution, sample resolution, and the advantages of increasing color depth, as well as the processes of recording analogue sound and file compression. Additionally, it discusses the benefits and drawbacks of using Unicode, the effects of decreasing image resolution, and methods of lossless and lossy compression.

Uploaded by

deminotfound2010
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit-1

Data representation

1.1 Number systems


State why addresses are displayed in hex instead
of denary?
 It is easier/quicker to read/understand/debug.
 It is a shorter representation of binary.

1.2 Text, sound and images


Describe what is a character set?
 All the characters and symbols that can be represented by a computer
system.
 Each character and symbol is assigned with a unique value.

Explain the differences between ASCII and


Unicode.
 Unicode has a more characters.
 ASCII covers a limited set of languages/fewer languages.
 Unicode includes many/more languages/emojis.
 ASCII requires 7/8 bits per character.
 Unicode requires up to 16/32 bits per character.
 ASCII has 128/256 characters.
 Unicode has 65 536/4 294 967 296 characters.
State the advantages of using Unicode instead of
ASCII.
 It can represent more characters.
 It can represent emojis/symbols.
 It can represent more languages.

State the disadvantages of using Unicode instead


of ASCII.
 Each character requires more storage space.

State what is meant by image resolution.


 The dimensions of an image.

Describe what is meant by sample resolution.


 The number of bits that are used per sample.
 It provides the variation in amplitude that can be stored for each sample.
 It determines how quiet/loud the sounds are that can be recorded.

State the advantages of increasing colour depth.


 A greater range of colours can be seen/used.
 Image will be closer to the actual content of the image/real life.
 The image will have more detail.

State the meaning of colour depth.


 Number of bits used to represent each colour.
 Number of colours that can be represented.

State the effect of decreasing image resolution.


 The file size will decrease.
Explain how analogue sound is recorded and
converted to digital.
 The analogue sound is recorded using a microphone.
 The sound wave is sampled.
 It measures the height/amplitude.
 Each amplitude has a unique binary value.
 The sample rate is set.
 Sample rate is the number of samples taken per second.
 The sample resolution is set.
 Sample resolution is the number of bits used for each sample.
 Each sample taken is converted to binary.

1.3 Data storage and compression


What is file compression?
 Reducing the size of a file.

State the advantages of compressing a file.


 It will be uploaded/transmitted/downloaded faster.
 It will take less storage space.
 It will use less data allowance.
 Requires less bandwidth.
 Takes less time to transmit.

Explain how lossless compression would


compress a text file.
 A compression algorithm is used.
 Original file can be restored.
 Repeated words are identified.
 Then they are indexed/put into a table.
 Then they are replaced with their index.
 Then their positions are stored.
 Finally, the number of times the word appears is stored in the table.
Explain why lossy compression is not suitable for
some files.
 Data will be permanently removed.
 That could be important/necessary data.
 Lossy is not suitable for text files.
 It will damage/corrupt the file.
 The quality of images will be reduced.

Explain one lossless method of compression.


 Run-length encoding.
 Store consecutive pixels of the same colour.
 The same colour as the colour and the number of repetitions.

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