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Lesson Plan GET SP Grade 9 Social Sciences History Term

2 Week 3-4
Teaching social science (University of South Africa)

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Directorate: Curriculum GET: LESSON PLAN TERM 2 - 2020

SUBJECT and GRADE HISTORY SOCIAL SCIENCES – GRADE 9

TERM 2 Week 4: Lessons 3 and 4
LINK TO TEACHING FOCUS: End of World War II in the Pacific: Atomic bombs and the beginning of the Nuclear Age
AND ASSESSMENT PLAN
AIMS OF LESSON When, where, why and how did World War II come to an end? Why did the USA drop the bombs? Was
it justified?
INTRODUCTION • WWII: The period 1939 - 1945
• The Allied Powers were fighting the Axis Powers to save the world from dictatorship and
totalitarianism.
• The Allies were fighting for freedom and democracy
• Germany was defeated in 1945
• Japan refused to surrender and decided to continue fighting

SKILLS • Reading with understanding the sources regarding the war in the Pacific
• To apply their skills with regard to location of countries, events and places
• To compare the interest of the Allies and Japan as part of the Axis Powers
• Conceptual understanding of totalitarianism, democracy and Nuclear Age
• To extract information; interpretation and analysis of information, usefulness and reliability of
sources and paragraph writing are important to understand and to apply.

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NOTES

ACTIVITIES/ASSESSMENT
SUBJECT SOCIAL SCIENCE TERM 2
GRADE 9 DATE APRIL 2020
Kindly note that there WCED: GR 9 HISTORY:LESSONS
Skills
3 AND 4 Resources / LTSM
Teaching Methodologies/ Approach
are 12 Power Point (WHAT I am going to teach/guide/support…)
Slides
THE BEGINNING
Source – based and paragraph RevisionOF THE1 and
of Lessons NUCLEAR
2 AGE
(HOW I am going to teach/guide/support…) (WHAT I am going to use to teach/guide/support…)
Power Points, Textbook and resources
writing
Learners need to study provided by the Province and District
the various Power To extract, give definitions of Emphasis on conceptual understanding
Points. They need toconcepts, analyse sources and of the Nuclear or Atomic Age; Reading
use the Power Pointscomparing
as sources and the power of the Power Points and the sources with
points for paragraph writing understanding; learners to participate
a digital source in
TEACHER’S and express their opinions, especially
order to answer the regarding why the bombs were dropped
ACTIVITIES
various activities and the justification for the dropping of
the bombs
CLICK ON POWER Similar to what teachers would Parents to help with the understanding Use of the textbook very important and
POINT IMAGE TO OPEN
teach, as indicated above. This of the topic in the textbook; the power where possible to search for websites
THE PRESENTATION could be a repeat of the teacher’s points; reading with understanding regarding the topic
info. Keep it simple. should also be a focus. https://www.thelearningtrust.org/asp-
treasure-box

PARENT’S
ACTIVITIES
CONSOLIDATION • Lesson 3: Revision of lesson 1 with regard to the focus; it gives insight into the war in the Pacific,
Japan’s decision to fight on and its eventual surrender to the Allies
Learner activities: step by step, practical, keep it simple.
• Lesson
Can include 4: Gives insight
an explanation of whatinto why
to do withthe
theatom bombs
worksheet wereas
added, dropped; how
well as links did the
to video USA
clip, justify the
etc.
dropping of the bombs
1. Activity 1: All the Power Points and Source 1A
RESOURCES Paper based resources Digital resources
(if necessary) Your school textbook: Term 2 Power Point presentation
FOCUS: End of World War II in the Pacific: Atomic https://www.sahistory.org.za
WEEK 4 GR 9 HIST
bombs and the beginning of the Nuclear Age
WCED.pptx

LEARNER’S
ACTIVITIES

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POWER POINT SLIDES FOR WEEK 4: LESSONS 3 AND 4

ACTIVITIES

1. ACTIVITY 1: Refer to all the Power Point slides

1.1 Give definitions for the following concepts:

Nuclear Age; War in the Pacific; resistance; Emperor; surrender; Manhattan Project; post – war domination; democracy; totalitarianism
(9 x 2) (18)
1.2 Study the last three Power Point slides (numbers 10 -12) and explain in a paragraph of 60 words (6 lines) the reasons given for dropping the
bombs and the viewpoints expressed in the extracts. (6)
1.3 Study the following Source and the questions that follow:

Source 1A
An extract giving insight to how the dropping of the atomic bombs on the two Japanese cities is remembered today

The downtown streets of Hiroshima are now lined with high-rise buildings and the park is green again.
Every year on August 6, the day the bomb was dropped, Hiroshima holds a ceremony in Peace Memorial Park,
where the mayor reads his annual Peace Declaration. Determined to fulfill its mission
as an international peace culture city, Hiroshima strives to rid the world of nuclear weapons.
The hibakusha - survivors of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki –
who are still alive are becoming quite elderly, averaging over 70 years old.
Sadly, some are confined to hospitals due to after effects, and many live in fear, wondering when the
radiation might strike again. Although it is painful for them to tell their stories, many
hibakusha are willing to do so in order to help the next generation understand the importance of peace.

Accessed on 25 February 2018 from www.atomic archive.com

1.3.1 Why do they meet every year on August 6 in Peace Park Memorial? (1 x 2) (2)
1.3.2 Explain the mission of Peace Memorial Park. (2 x 2) (4)
1.3.3 Give a definition for the concept, hibakusha. (1 x 2) (2)
1.3.4 Why do the ‘hibakusha’ tell their stories? (2 x 2) (4)

TOTAL: 36

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THE BEGINNING OF THE NUCLEAR AGE

End of World War II in the Pacific: Atomic bombs and the beginning of the Nuclear Age When, where, why and how did World War II come to
an end? Why did the USA drop the bombs? Was it justified?

LESSON 3: End of World War II in the Pacific: Atomic bombs and the beginning of the Nuclear Age
Revision Lesson 1: Understanding the Overview:
Japan refused to surrender to the Allied Powers; The Japanese were supporting Nazi-Germany
They were part of the Axis Powers
The dropping of the nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and then Nagasaki led to the start of the Nuclear Age
,
The loss of human lives and cities destroyed forced Japan into surrendering to the Allied Powers

THE BEGINNING OF THE NUCLEAR AGE

When, where, why and how did World War II come to an end?
Introduction: The Nuclear Age, also known as the Atomic Era, is the period of history following the explosion of the first nuclear weapon
The period is associated with the dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
The two bombings killed between 129,000 and 226,000 people, most of whom were civilians, and remain the first and only use of nuclear
weapons in armed conflict
The Japanese government signed the document of surrender on September 2, 1945 in Tokyo Bay, which effectively ended World War II. The
Russian invasion of Manchuria also forced Japan to surrender (End of Introduction)

THE BEGINNING OF THE NUCLEAR AGE

Once Hitler was defeated and WWII had ended, Japan refused to stop fighting and surrender
The leader of Japan at the time was Emperor Hirohito
In 1945, the Pacific War between the Empire of Japan and the Allies entered its fourth year
Most Japanese military units fought fiercely, ensuring that the Allied victory would come at an enormous cost
The USA attacked Japan's home islands, such as Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Japan resisted the USA and 100 000 soldiers on both the Japanese
and the US side died in the fight. The US dropped bombs on the Japanese mainland
THE BEGINNING OF THE NUCLEAR AGE
Although some Japanese soldiers were taken as war prisoners, most fought until they were killed or committed suicide. Nearly 99% of the
21,000 defenders of Iwo Jima were killed
America's reserves of manpower were running out
Nearly one million of USA losses occurred during the last year of the war, from June 1944 to June 1945
At the same time, the public (USA) was becoming war-weary, demanding that long-serving servicemen be sent home
As the Allies advanced towards Japan, conditions became steadily worse for the Japanese people
In February 1945, Prince Fumimaro Konoe advised Emperor Hirohito that defeat was inevitable, and urged him to abdicate (resign). Still,
Japan refused to stop fighting and surrender.

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THE BEGINNING OF THE NUCLEAR AGE

The USA decided to drop an atomic bomb.
At the same time as the bomb being dropped, Russia sent in a huge army of one million soldiers into Manchuria, which, at that time, was
under Japanese control
The Russians defeated Japanese resistance
These two events brought an end to the war in Japan
Two atomic bombs were dropped – first on Hiroshima (6 August 1945) and three days later on Nagasaki

END OF LESSON 3: THE BEGINNING OF THE NUCLEAR AGE

HIROSHIMA: The bomb was dropped, because there were many weapon factories in this city.
This bomb was made secretly in America under the code name, The Manhattan Project.
It was dropped out of the aeroplane – The Enola Gay
When it dropped it made a huge mushroom cloud.
On the day 80 000 people were killed
The USA dropped a second atomic bomb on NAGASAKI – a city the USA had identified as having dockyards that built warships for Japan – on
9 August. This bomb killed 70 000 people on the day
The Emperor was forced to surrender because he knew that the USA could drop more atomic bombs and feared that Japan could be
destroyed – September 2, 1945
END OF LESSON 3

LESSON 4: THE BEGINNING OF THE NUCLEAR AGE

Why did the USA drop the bombs?
The most obvious reason was that the USA wanted to end World War II in the Pacific; in that way forcing Japan to surrender. There was fear
of further loss of lives
The USA wanted to prevent the USSR establishing influence in the region. Russia was seeking to make territorial gains in the region
The bombs had cost more than US$2 billion to develop. There was a feeling that it would be a terrible waste of money not to use the bombs,
which would force the war to end and save many lives – especially the lives of US soldiers
, ,
The USA wanted to send a message to countries that opposed or wanted to oppose the West that the USA had atomic capability. This act
forced Russia to develop nuclear capability.

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BEGINNING OF THE NUCLEAR AGE

Was the dropping of the bombs justified?

After Germany’s surrender, tension increased between the USA and the Soviet Union regarding the nature of post-war Europe. The USA was
concerned about the increased influence the Soviets would have if they joined the war against Japan in mid-August, as planned. The US
believed that if the atomic bomb ended the war, the US would establish post-war domination over the Soviets
,
Each bomb cost $2 billion! It would be a waste of money not to use the bombs, which would force the war to end saving many lives —
especially the lives of US soldiers.
The first atomic bomb had been used in combat. The surrender of Japan a week later marked the end of a long struggle for freedom,
democracy and peace.

THE BEGINNING OF THE NUCLEAR AGE

Was the dropping of the bombs justified?

Read the following extracts and discuss them regarding the viewpoints:
Harry Truman, US President (1945—1953), public statement on 9 August 1945,
after dropping the first atomic bomb:
"Having found the [atomic] bomb we have used it. We have used it against those who attacked us without warning at Pearl Harbour, against
those who have starved and beaten and executed American prisoners of war, against those who have abandoned all pretence of obeying
international laws of warfare. We have used it in order to shorten the agony of war, in order to save the lives of thousands and thousands of
young Americans

THE BEGINNING OF THE NUCLEAR AGE

Was dropping of the bombs justified?

William Leahy, US Chief of Staff (1942—1949), 1 January 1950

"The use of this barbarous weapon at Hiroshima and Nagasaki was of no material assistance in our war against Japan. The Japanese were
already defeated and ready to surrender ... in being the first to use it, we had adopted an ethical standard common to the barbarians of the
Dark Ages. I was not taught to make war in that fashion, and wars cannot be won by destroying women and children."

END OF LESSON 4

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