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Note 1 Cell Basic Unit of Life

All living organisms are composed of cells, which are the smallest units of life. Cells can be unicellular or multicellular, with distinct structures including the cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm, while plant cells have additional features like a cell wall and chloroplasts. There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic (without a nucleus) and eukaryotic (with a nucleus), each containing various organelles that perform specific functions.

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Note 1 Cell Basic Unit of Life

All living organisms are composed of cells, which are the smallest units of life. Cells can be unicellular or multicellular, with distinct structures including the cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm, while plant cells have additional features like a cell wall and chloroplasts. There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic (without a nucleus) and eukaryotic (with a nucleus), each containing various organelles that perform specific functions.

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rasidew364
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Science – Cell: The Basic Unit of Life

Key Points:
- All living organisms are made up of cells.
- A cell is the smallest unit of life, discovered by Robert Hooke.
- Two types of organisms:
- Unicellular: Single-celled organisms (e.g., Amoeba)
- Multicellular: Many cells (e.g., humans, plants)
- Cell structure includes:
- Cell membrane – outer layer, controls entry/exit
- Nucleus – brain of the cell
- Cytoplasm – jelly-like substance
- Plant cells have an additional cell wall and chloroplasts.

Additional Points:
- Types of cells:
- Prokaryotic cells: No well-defined nucleus (e.g., bacteria)
- Eukaryotic cells: Have a nucleus (e.g., plant and animal cells)
- Organelles:
- Mitochondria: Powerhouse of the cell (produces energy)
- Chloroplasts: Found in plant cells, help in photosynthesis
- Vacuoles: Store water, food, and waste
- Plant cells are usually rectangular, while animal cells are round or irregular.

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