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Module 1 Chapter3

The document outlines the principles and characteristics of Jain Architecture, highlighting its roots in Hindu and Buddhist styles and the evolution from rock-cut temples to temple-cities. It discusses significant Jain sites, including the Ellora Caves and the Dilwara Temples at Mount Abu, emphasizing their architectural splendor and historical importance. The document serves as a study guide for students of architecture, focusing on the design and cultural significance of Jain temples.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
2 views10 pages

Module 1 Chapter3

The document outlines the principles and characteristics of Jain Architecture, highlighting its roots in Hindu and Buddhist styles and the evolution from rock-cut temples to temple-cities. It discusses significant Jain sites, including the Ellora Caves and the Dilwara Temples at Mount Abu, emphasizing their architectural splendor and historical importance. The document serves as a study guide for students of architecture, focusing on the design and cultural significance of Jain temples.

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4g6cbq5mht
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ACHARYA’S NRV SCHOOL

OF
ARCHITECTURE

SUBJECT CODE: 21ARC24


SUBJECT TITLE: HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE-II
SEMESTER: 2
SECTION: A
FACULTY NAME: AR. MANU M
ANRVSA

MODULE-1

JAIN ARCHITECTURE

© Acharya's NRV School of Architecture


ANRVSA

SYLLABUS
MODULE: 1

3. Introduction to Jain Architecture: Study of principles of design of buildings through study of three
kinds of Architecture: a) Monumental; b) Domestic (Built to inhabit) and c) Civic space.

© Acharya's NRV School of Architecture


ANRVSA

JAIN ARCHITECTURE
• Jain Architecture is the off shoot of Hindu and Buddhist style.
• In the initial years, many Jain temples were made adjoining the Buddhist temples following the Buddhist
rock cut style.
• Initially these temples were mainly carved out of rock faces
• The use of bricks was almost negligible.
• The system of carving out temples from rock faces was adopted.
• However, in the later years Jain started building temple-cities on hills based on the concept of mountains
of immortality.

INTRODUCTION TO JAIN TEMPLES


India is bestowed with the blessings of the diverse religious faiths. Jainism is one of them, Jain Tirthankars -
religious preachers spread the message of peace, non violence, love and enlightenment all over the world.
The core of this great religion and its preaching is evident in the cave temples, in the studied molded stones
and in the numerous illustrated manuscripts. It is this teaching that has attracted and molded the sentiments
of millions of people across the nation as well as the world.

Thousands of devotees visit India from all over the world to seek blessing and also to marvel at the great Jain
architectural splendor. Nestling across the Indian sub-continent, these Jain pilgrimage sites are the best
destination options for tourists and pilgrims.

© Acharya's NRV School of Architecture


ANRVSA

ELLORA CAVES: JAIN TEMPLES

• The Ellora Jain Caves are five in number and are


numbered from 30 to 34.

• These caves are separated from the other caves by a


distance of a few hundred yards.

• There are two main caves and two unfinished caves


among the five.

• These caves date back to the 9th and 10th centuries and
belong to the Jain sect called Digambara.

• Cave 30 is called Chhota Kailash; cave 31 is an


unfinished cave; cave 32 is called the Indra Sabha; cave
33 is the Jagannath Sabha, and cave 34 is a smaller cave
that connects to an opening in cave 33.

• These caves also contain a hall called the Samavasarana,


which is a hall where the Tirthankara used to preach the
followers.

• All the caves have sculptures and once had vibrant


paintings on the ceilings.
© Acharya's NRV School of Architecture
ANRVSA

Plan of Jain Caves 31- 34, Ellora, the 9th century

Section of the Cave 32 (Jagannath Sabha), Ellora, the 9th century

© Acharya's NRV School of Architecture


ANRVSA

• There are prominent sculptures of the 23rd Tirthankara,


Parsvanatha, and 24th Tirthankara, Mahavira.

• There are also 48 sculptures of Yakshas and Yakshinis who


were considered the teachers of the Tirthankaras.

• Also of note is the statue of Bahubali, also called


Gomateshwara, who was the son of the first Tirthankara.

• The Jain Temples at Mount Abu, built in the Nagara Style are
among the finest monuments of India.

• These temples are called Dilwara temples, which have been


described as a dream in marble.

• Mount Abu - a popular hill station, located in Rajasthan

• According to the inscription Mt.Abu was basically a seat of


Shaivism and Jainism made its appearance in 11th century.

• Vimala Shah, Vastupala and Tejapala contributed immensely


to Jain art and architecture.

• The first Jain temple of Dilwara, was built in 1032.

• It is dedicated to Lord Adinath, the first Jain Tirthankar Lord.


© Acharya's NRV School of Architecture
ANRVSA

• Encircled by a
passageway, the temple
is erected in an open
square. This temple is
adorned with carved
passages, columns,
arches and doorways.

• The ceilings of this temple


are festooned with
patterns of petals,
flowers, lotus-buds and
murals depicting scenes
from the mythology.

• There is a huge hall,


which is known as Rang
Mandap.

Dilwara Temple Complex

© Acharya's NRV School of Architecture


ANRVSA

Ceiling patterns in Dilwara temples

© Acharya's NRV School of Architecture


ANRVSA

Ornamentation seen in pillars of Dilwara temples

© Acharya's NRV School of Architecture

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