ANNA UNIVERSITY REGIONAL CAMPUS

MADURAI – 625 019

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this is a Bonafide Record of the practical work done by

_________________________________ Reg. No of

sixth semester, Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science and Engineering

CCS372- VIRTUALIZATION during the academic year 20 -20

STAFF-IN-CHARGE HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

Submitted for the Anna University Practical Examination held on

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ at Anna University Regional Campus, Madurai.

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

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CONTENTS
Expt.
Date Title of Experiment Page Signature
No

Install Guest OS on that

1
VMWARE

Shrink and extend virtual disk

Create, Manage, Configure and

2 schedule snapshots
Create Spanned, Mirrored and
Striped volume
Create RAID 5 volume

Desktop Virtualization using

VNC
3
Desktop Virtualization using
Chrome Remote Desktop
Create type 2 virtualization on
4
ESXI 6.5 server

Create a VLAN in CISCO packet

5
tracer

6 Install KVM in Linux

Create Nested Virtual

7
Machine (VM under another VM)

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EX NO:1 Create type 2 virtualization in VMWARE or any equivalent

DATE: Open Source Tool. Allocate memory and storage space as
per requirement. Install Guest OS on that VMWARE

Aim:

To find the procedure to run VM of different configuration and Allocate

memory and storage space as per requirement .

Procedure:

Step 1: Download and Install VMware Workstation Player

Step 2: Create a New Virtual Machine

Open VMware Workstation Player

Click on "Create a New Virtual Machine" or go to File > New Virtual

Machine

Step 3: Virtual Machine Configuration Wizard

The Virtual machine configuration Wizard will appear. Choose “Typical”

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configuration and click “Next”.

Step 4: Install Guest Operating System

• Choose the installation method for the guest OS. You can either install
from a disc or image file (ISO) or choose to install later. If you have the
ISO file for your guest OS, select it during this step
• Click “Next”

Step 5: Enter Guest OS Details

• Enter the name of your virtual machine and choose the location where
you want to save it.
• Select the appropriate guest operating system and version. For example,
if you are installing Windows 10, choose "Windows" as the guest OS
and "Windows 10 x64" as the version. Click "Next."

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Step 6: Configure Virtual Machine Hardware

• Allocate memory: Choose how much RAM you want to allocate to the
virtual machine. Make sure to leave enough memory for your host OS
to run smoothly as well.
• Allocate storage: Choose whether to store the virtual disk as a single
file or split into multiple files. Specify the disk size, and you can also
choose to allocate all disk space now or let it grow as needed.
• Click "Next."
Step 8: Customize Hardware (Optional)

• If needed, you can customize the virtual machine's hardware settings

like CPU cores, network adapters, graphics memory, etc. Otherwise,
you can leave them as default.
• Click "Finish" once you are satisfied with the settings. Step 8: Install
Guest OS

• Start the virtual machine you just created. The virtual machine will boot
from the ISO or installation media you provided earlier.
• Follow the standard installation process for your guest OS. Step 9:
Install VMware Tools (Optional but Recommended)

• After installin/ g the guest OS, it is advisable to install VMware Tools

within the guest OS. VMware Tools provides better integration between
the host and guest OS, enabling features like shared folders, improved
graphics, and more.
In the same way, we can install windows OS also. The output screens for the
virtual machines of different configurations.

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OUTPUT:

(i)Ubuntu Operating System in Virtual Machine

(ii)Windows7 Operating System in Virtual Machine

RESULT:

Thus, various configurations of Virtual machines has been created and run.

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EX NO:2.a Shrink and Extend Virtual Disk

DATE:

Aim:

To find the procedure of Shrink a virtual disk involves reducing its size to
reclaim unused space and extend a virtual disk allows you to increase its size to
accommodate more data.

Procedure:

Shrink a Virtual Disk:

Step1: Inside the virtual machine, delete unnecessary files and empty the
recycle bin/trash to free up space.
Step 2: Defragment the virtual machine's disk to move all the data to the
beginning of the disk.
Step 3: Shutdown the virtual machine .

Step 4: Navigate to the virtual machine's settings or configuration

Step 5: On the host system, open the virtualization software
.
Step 6: Select the virtual disk you want to shrink.
Step 7: Look for an option to shrink or compact the disk and follow the prompts.

Step 8: The process might take some time, and it's essential to back up your
virtual machine before proceeding, as data loss can occur in some cases.

Extend Virtual Disk:

Step 1: Shutdown the virtual machine.

Step 2: On the host system, open the virtualization software (e.g., VMware,
VirtualBox).

Step 3: Navigate to the virtual machine's settings or configuration.

Step 4: Select the virtual disk you want to extend.

Step 5: Look for an option to increase or extend the disk and follow the prompts.

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Step 6: Specify the new size for the virtual disk (make sure to allocate enough
space for your needs).

Step 7: The process might take some time, and it's crucial to back up your virtual
machine before proceeding, as extending the disk involves modifying the
underlying file system.

Output:

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Result:

Thus, the shrink and extend of virtual disk has been created and run
Successfully.

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EX NO:2.b Create, Manage, Configure and schedule snapshots

DATE:

Aim:

To find the procedure of Creating, managing, configuring, and scheduling

snapshots is a fundamental part of virtual machine management.

Procedure:

Step 1: Creating a Snapshot: To create a snapshot, follow these steps:

a. Select the virtual machine in the management interface

(e.g., vSphereClient).

b. Right-click on the virtual machine and choose

"Snapshot" or "Take
Snapshot."

c. Provide a name and description for the snapshot.

d. Optionally, select the memory state to capture the

virtual machine's
running state (requires the virtual machine to be powered off).

e. Click "OK" to create the snapshot.

Step 2: Managing Snapshots: Managing snapshots involves tasks such as

viewing, reverting, deleting, and consolidating snapshots.

a. Viewing Snapshots: To see the list of snapshots for a virtual

machine,
navigate to the "Snapshots" tab in the virtual machine's details.

b. Reverting to a Snapshot: To revert a virtual machine to a

specificsnapshot, right-click on the snapshot and choose "Revert to
Snapshot." This action will roll back the virtual machine to the state
captured in the selected snapshot.

c. Deleting Snapshots: To delete a snapshot, right-click on the

snapshotand choose "Delete Snapshot." You can choose to delete the

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snapshot only or delete the snapshot and consolidate its changes into the
base virtual machine disk.

d. Consolidating Snapshots: If you have multiple snapshots, you

canperform a "Snapshot Consolidation" to merge all snapshots into the
base disk. This helps to reduce storage requirements and improves
performance.

Step 3: Configuring Snapshot Settings: The snapshot settings allow you to

define how snapshots are managed and stored.

a. Snapshot Location: Configure the location where snapshot

files arestored, which can be on the same data store as the virtual machine
or on a different storage location.

b. Snapshot Quiescent: Enable or disable the use of VMware

Tools to
quiesce the file system inside the virtual machine before taking a snapshot.
This helps ensure application consistency during the snapshot.

Step 4: Scheduling Snapshots: Some virtualization platforms allow you to

schedule snapshots to be taken automatically at specific intervals.

a. Scheduled Snapshots: Navigate to the virtual machine's

settings, find the "Snapshot Schedule" option, and
configure the frequency and retention policy for
automatic snapshots.

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Output:

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Result:

The result of the above program for Create, Manage, Configure and
schedule snapshots is processing successfully

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EX NO:2.c Create Spanned, Mirrored and Striped volume

DATE:

Aim:

To find the procedure of create spanned, mirrored and striped volume is a

fundamental part of virtual machine management.

Procedure:

Step 1: How to create a spanned volume:

a. Right-click on "This PC" or "My Computer" and select

"Manage."

b. In the Computer Management window, click on "Disk

Management"
under "Storage" in the left pane.

c. Identify the disks you want to use in the spanned volume. They
should
be unallocated or have empty space available.

d. Right-click on the first disk and choose "New Spanned Volume."

e. Follow the on-screen instructions to select additional disks and

allocate
space for the spanned volume.

f. Assign a drive letter or mount point to the new volume and format
it
with a file system.

Step 2: How to create a mirrored volume:

a. Follow steps a to c from the spanned volume creation process

to openDisk Management.

b. Right-click on one of the disks you want to use in the mirror

and
choose "New Mirrored Volume."

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c. Select the additional disk(s) to mirror the first disk, and then
allocate
space for the mirrored volume.

d. Assign a drive letter or mount point to the new volume and

format itwith a file system. e. Windows will start the synchronization
process, where data is copied from the source disk to the mirror disk(s).

Step 3: How to create a striped volume:

a. Follow steps a to c from the spanned volume creation process

to openDisk Management.

b. Right-click on one of the disks you want to use in the stripe

and
choose "New Striped Volume."

c. Select the additional disk(s) to include in the stripe, and then

allocatespace for the striped volume. d. Assign a drive letter or mount point
to the new volume and format it with a file system.

Output:

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Result:

The result of the above program for Creating, managing, configuring, and
scheduling snapshots is a fundamental part of virtual machine management is
processing successfully

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EX NO:2.d Create RAID 5 Volume

DATE:

Aim:

Aim of this program for create a raid 5 volume using the fundamental
part of virtual machine management.

Procedure:

Step 1: Backup Data: Before creating the RAID 5 volume, back up all your
critical data to ensure it is safe in case of any unforeseen issues.

Step 2: Initialize and Convert Disks to Dynamic: If your disks are currently
basic disks, you need to convert them to dynamic disks to create a RAID 5
volume. Follow these steps:

a. Right-click on "This PC" or "My Computer" and select "Manage."

b. In the Computer Management window, click on "Disk Management"

under "Storage" in the left pane.

c. Identify the disks you want to use in the RAID 5 array. They should be
unallocated or have empty space available.

d. Right-click on each disk and select "Convert to Dynamic Disk." Repeat

this for all the disks you want to include in the RAID 5 array.

Step 3: Create the RAID 5 Volume: Once you have converted the disks to
dynamic, you can proceed to create the RAID 5 volume:

a. Right-click on one of the disks you want to use in the RAID 5 array.

b. Select "New Spanned Volume."

c. Follow the on-screen instructions to select the other disks you want
to
include in the RAID 5 array. There should be at least three disks in total.

d. Allocate the desired amount of space for the RAID 5 volume.

RAID 5

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requires a minimum of three disks, and the volume size will be the total
capacity of all disks minus one disk's worth of space. For example, if you
have three 1TB disks, the RAID 5 volume will have a total capacity of 2TB.

e. Assign a drive letter or mount point to the new RAID 5 volume

and
format it with a file system.

Step 4: Initialize and Format the RAID 5 Volume: After creating the RAID
5 volume, you need to initialize and format it:

a. When prompted, initialize the disks using the default partition

style(usually GPT).

b. Format the RAID 5 volume with your desired file system

(e.g., NTFS)and assign a drive letter or mount point.

Output:

Result :

The result of the above program for create a raid 5 volume

using virtual machine management is processing successfully

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EX NO:3.a Desktop Virtualization using VNC

DATE:

Aim:

Aim of the process for Desktop Virtualization using VNC with the
fundamental part of virtual machine management.

Procedure:

Step 1: Install VNC Server.

Step 2: Configure VNC Server: After installing the VNC server, you'll need
to configure it by setting a password or access control options to secure the
remote access. Ensure that the VNC server is running and ready to accept
incoming connections.

Step 3: Install VNC Viewer.

Step 4: Connect to the Remote Desktop: Launch the VNC viewer and enter
the IP address or host name of the remote computer (the host) you want to
connect to. If you have configured a password or access control options on
the VNC server, you will be prompted to enter the credentials. Once
authenticated, the VNC viewer establishes a connection to the remote
desktop.

Step 5: Control the Remote Desktop: After the connection is established, you
will see the remote desktop environment displayed in the VNC viewer. You
can now interact with the remote desktop as if you were physically sitting in
front of it. You can run applications, access files, and perform any tasks on
the remote computer just as if you were using it directly.

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Output:

Result:
The result of the process for Desktop Virtualization using VNC is

working successfully

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EX NO:3.b Desktop Virtualization using Chrome Remote Desktop

DATE:

Aim:

Aim of the process Desktop Virtualization using Chrome Remote

Desktop using the with the fundamental part of virtual machine
management.

Procedure:

Step 1: Install Chrome Remote Desktop Extension: Make sure you have
the Google Chrome web browser installed on both the computer you want
to access remotely (the host) and the computer or device you want to use
for remote access (the client). Install the "Chrome Remote Desktop"
extension from the Chrome Web Store on both devices.

Step 2: Set Up Host Computer (Computer to be Accessed):

a. Open Google Chrome on the host computer.

b. In the address bar, type "chrome://apps" and press Enter.

c. Click on the "Chrome Remote Desktop" icon to open the

application.

d. Follow the on-screen instructions to grant necessary permissions

andset up remote access for the host computer.

e. Create a secure PIN to use for remote access authentication.

Step 3: Access Host Computer (Client Device):

a. Open Google Chrome on the client device (the

computer or device
from which you want to access the host computer remotely).

b. In the address bar, type

"remotedesktop.google.com/access" and pressEnter.

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c. Click on the "Access" button under the "Remote

Access" section.

d. Sign in with your Google Account (the same account

used on the host
computer).

Step 4: Choose the Host Computer:

a. After signing in, you should see a list of available computers set up for
remote access. Choose the host computer you want to access.

Step 5: Authenticate and Connect:

a. If you have set up a PIN for the host computer, you will be
prompted to
enter it to authenticate the remote access.

b. Once authenticated, the remote connection will be

established,and you will see the host computer's desktop in the Chrome
browser window.

Step 6: Control the Host Computer:

a. You can now interact with the host computer's desktop

through theChrome browser on your client device. Use your mouse and
keyboard to control the remote desktop.

b. To switch between full-screen and windowed mode, click the

"Toggle
full screen" button on the top right corner of the remote desktop window.

Step 7: End the Remote Session: To end the remote session, click the "Stop
Sharing" button at the bottom of the remote desktop window.

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Output:

Result:

The result of the above program for VNC with the fundamental part of virtual
machine management is processing successfully

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EX NO:4 Create type 2 virtualization on ESXI 6.5 server

DATE:

Aim:

The aim of the process Create type 2 virtualization on ESXI 6.5 server

with the with the fundamental part of virtual machine management

Procedure:

Step 1: Install ESXi 6.5: First, you need to install VMware ESXi 6.5 on your
server.

Step 2: Access ESXi Web Client: Once ESXi is installed and running, access
the ESXi Web Client through a web browser on a separate computer. Enter
the IP address or hostname of your ESXi server to log in to the management
interface.

Step 3: Create a Virtual Machine: To create a virtual machine within ESXi,

follow these steps:

a. In the ESXi Web Client, navigate to the "Hosts and Clusters"

view.

b. Select your ESXi server from the list of hosts.

c. Click on the "Create/Register VM" button or right-click on

the host and
choose "New Virtual Machine."

d. The "Create New Virtual Machine" wizard will appear.

Follow thesteps in the wizard to configure the virtual machine, including
providing a name, selecting the guest operating system, setting the desired
resources (CPU, memory, disk space, etc.), and selecting a storage location
for the virtual machine files.

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e. Finish the wizard, and the virtual machine will be created.

Step 4: Install Guest Operating System: Once the virtual machine is created,
you can power it on and install the guest operating system of your choice
(e.g., Windows, Linux, etc.) using an ISO image or CD/DVD.

Step 5: Access and Manage the Virtual Machine: After the guest operating
system is installed, you can access the virtual machine through the VMware
Remote Console (VMRC) or use remote access tools like VNC or RDP to
interact with the guest operating system.

OUTPUT:

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Result:

The result of the above process for the Create type 2 virtualization on ESXI 6.5
server with the fundamental part of virtual machine management is processing
successfully

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EX NO:5 Create a VLAN in CISCO packet tracer

DATE:

Aim:

Aim of the process for the Create a VLAN in CISCO packet tracer with

the fundamental part of virtual machine management

Procedure:

Step 1: Launch Cisco Packet Tracer: Start Cisco Packet Tracer and open a
new or existing project.

Step 2: Add Switches: Drag and drop switches from the "Switches" section
of the "Devices" pane onto the workspace. You can use any Cisco switch
model available in Packet Tracer.

Step 3: Connect Switches: Connect the switches using Ethernet cables. Click
on the Ethernet interfaces of the switches and then click on the other switch's
Ethernet interfaces to create connections.

Step 4: Access the CLI: Double-click on the first switch to access its CLI
(Command Line Interface). The CLI window will open.

Step 5: Configure VLANs: Enter the configuration mode by typing the

following command: enable configure terminal

Step 6: Create VLANs: To create VLANs, use the vlan command followed
by the VLAN number. For example, to create VLAN 10 and VLAN 20, you
would do:

Step 7: Assign Ports to VLANs: To assign ports to VLANs, use the interface

command followed by the port number and then the switchport access vlan
command. For example, to assign port 1 to VLAN 10 and port 2 to VLAN
20, you would do: interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport mode access
switchport access vlan 10 interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport mode access
switchport access vlan 20

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Step 8: Exit Configuration Mode: After assigning VLANs to the desired

ports, exit the configuration mode by typing exit.

Step 9: Save Configuration: Save the configuration by typing write or copy

running-config startup-config to make sure the changes are saved.

Step 10: Test VLANs: Now that you have created VLANs and assigned
ports, you can test the connectivity between devices connected to the
switches. Devices in the same VLAN should be able to communicate with
each other, while devices in different VLANs should not have direct
communication unless you configure inter-VLAN routing.

Output:

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Result:

The result of the above program for the Create a VLAN in CISCO
packet tracer using fundamental part of virtual machine management is
processing successfully

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EX NO:6 Install KVM in Linux

DATE:

Aim:

Aim of the process for the Install KVM in Linux for the fundamental

part of virtual machine management

Procedure:

Step 1: Check Hardware Support: Before installing KVM, ensure that your
system's CPU supports hardware virtualization extensions (Intel VT-x or
AMDV). You can check this by running the following command:

egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo

If the output is greater than zero (1 or more), it means your CPU supports
hardware virtualization.

Step 2: Install KVM Packages: The package names may vary depending on
your Linux distribution. Here are the package names for some popular
distributions:

For Ubuntu/Debian:

sudo apt

update

sudo apt install qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon-system libvirt-clients

bridgeutils virt-manager

For CentOS/RHEL:

sudo yum install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-

utils sudo systemctl enable libvirtd sudo systemctl start

libvirtd For Fedora:

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sudo dnf install

@virtualization sudo

systemctl enable libvirtd sudo

systemctl start libvirtd

Step 3: Verify Installation: After installing the required packages, check if

KVM kernel modules are loaded correctly:

lsmod | grep kvm

The output should show kvm and kvm_intel or kvm_amd modules loaded,
depending on your CPU.

Step 4: Configure Permissions: For non-root users to manage virtual

machines using KVM, add them to the libvirt group: sudo usermod -aG
libvirt <username>

Remember to log out and log back in for the changes to take effect.

Step 5: Enable Nested Virtualization (Optional): If you plan to run virtual

machines with nested virtualization (e.g., running KVM inside a KVM
guest), you may need to enable nested virtualization on the host. This step is
only required if you intend to run virtual machines with KVM as guests.

For Intel CPUs: echo "options kvm-intel nested=1" | sudo tee

/etc/modprobe.d/kvmintel.conf

sudo modprobe -r kvm_intel

sudo modprobe kvm_intel For AMD CPUs: echo "options kvm-

amd nested=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/kvmamd.conf

sudo modprobe -r kvm_amd

sudo modprobe kvm_amd

Step 6: Install and Configure Virt-Manager (Optional): Virt-Manager is a

graphical user interface tool to manage virtual machines using KVM. If you
prefer a GUI interface, you can install Virt-Manager:

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For Ubuntu/Debian: sudo apt

install virt-manager For

CentOS/RHEL:

sudo yum install virt-

manager For Fedora:

sudo dnf install virt-manager

Once the installation is complete, you can start creating and managing virtual
machines using KVM. You can use command-line tools like virsh or a
graphical interface like Virt-Manager to interact with KVM.

Output:

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Result:

Result of the process for the Install KVM in Linux for the fundamental

part of virtual machine management is processing successfully.

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EX NO:8 create Nested Virtual Machine(VM under another VM)

DATE:

AIM:

Aim of the process for the create Nested Virtual Machine (VM under
another VM) using the fundamental part of virtual machine management.

Procedure:

Step 1: Enable Nested Virtualization: Before creating a nested VM,

ensure nested virtualization is enabled on the host VM (the VM that will
run other VMs).

For VirtualBox:

Open VirtualBox and select the host VM from the list. Go to "Settings" >
"System" > "Processor" and check the "Enable Nested VT-x/AMD-V"
option.

Step 2: Install an Operating System in the Host VM: Ensure you have an
operating system installed in the host VM. This will be the environment in
which you'll run the nested VMs.

Step 3: Install VirtualBox within the Host VM: Inside the host VM,
download and install VirtualBox (or any other virtualization software you
prefer) as if you were installing it on a physical machine.

Step 4: Create the Nested VM: Now that you have VirtualBox installed
within the host VM, you can create a new VM inside it.

a. Open VirtualBox within the host VM.

b. Click on "New" to create a new VM.

c. Follow the VM creation wizard to set up the nested

VM, includingselecting the guest operating system, allocating
memory, creating a virtual hard disk, etc.

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Step 4: Install the Guest Operating System in the Nested VM: With the
nested VM created, start it and install the guest operating system, just as you
would with any regular VM installation.

Step 5; Configure Networking (Optional): Depending on your requirements,

you may need to configure the networking of the nested VM to allow
communication with other VMs or external networks.

Step 6: Use the Nested VM: Once the nested VM is set up and the guest
operating system is installed, you can use it just like any other VM. Install
applications, run tests, or perform any tasks within the nested VM.

Output:

Result:

Result of the process for the create Nested Virtual Machine (VM under
another VM) using the fundamental part of virtual machine management
is processing successfully.

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