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? Environmental Management – Brief Notes

The document outlines key aspects of environmental management, covering topics such as the rock cycle, energy sources, agriculture, water management, ocean conservation, natural hazards, atmospheric issues, human population dynamics, and the impact of human activities on ecosystems. It emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices, pollution control, and resource management to mitigate environmental damage. The document also highlights the need for education and planning to address challenges related to population growth and biodiversity conservation.

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noor hifza hifly ghouse
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1 views

? Environmental Management – Brief Notes

The document outlines key aspects of environmental management, covering topics such as the rock cycle, energy sources, agriculture, water management, ocean conservation, natural hazards, atmospheric issues, human population dynamics, and the impact of human activities on ecosystems. It emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices, pollution control, and resource management to mitigate environmental damage. The document also highlights the need for education and planning to address challenges related to population growth and biodiversity conservation.

Uploaded by

noor hifza hifly ghouse
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Environmental Management – Brief Notes

Tuesday, May 20, 2025 3:47 PM

1. Rocks and Minerals and Their Exploitation


• Rock Cycle: Rocks change form over time due to heat, pressure, and erosion.
• Extraction Methods: Mining to get minerals from Earth (e.g. digging or drilling).
• Uses: Rocks provide building materials and fuels like coal and oil.
• Environmental Impact: Mining damages habitats and pollutes air and water.
• Management: Restore land after mining, recycle metals to reduce damage.

2. Energy and the Environment


• Non-renewable: Fossil fuels and nuclear power, which will eventually run out.
• Renewable: Sources like sunlight, wind, and water that won’t run out.
• Fossil Fuels: Release carbon dioxide, causing climate change.
• Energy Conservation: Save energy to reduce pollution and costs.
• Energy Mix: Countries use a mix of energy sources; more are shifting to clean energy.

3. Agriculture and the Environment


• Types:
○ Subsistence: Growing food for the farmer’s family.
○ Commercial: Large-scale farming to sell crops.
• Problems: Overuse of land causes soil to lose nutrients and erode.
• Soil Conservation: Farming methods that protect soil quality.
• Sustainable Farming: Environmentally friendly farming (e.g. no chemicals, tree planting).

4. Water and Its Management


• Water Cycle: Water moves between sea, air, and land through evaporation and rain.
• Sources: Natural sources include rivers and underground water.
• Problems: Water pollution harms humans and wildlife; overuse causes shortages.
• Water Treatment: Cleans water for safe drinking using filters and chemicals.
• Management: Store and manage water using dams, save water in homes.

5. Oceans and Fisheries


• Zones: Different parts of the ocean where various creatures live.
• Overfishing: Catching too many fish too fast, leading to shortages.
• Techniques: Set limits and protect areas to allow fish to recover.
• Pollution: Waste in the sea (like plastic or oil) harms marine life.

6. Managing Natural Hazards


• Types:
○ Geological: Earth-based (e.g., earthquakes).
○ Climatic: Weather-based (e.g., floods).
• Risk Management: Use technology and planning to reduce damage.
• Adaptation: Build safer structures and create warning systems.

7. The Atmosphere and Human Activities


• Structure: Layers of air around the Earth; weather happens in the lower layer.
• Greenhouse Gases: Trap heat, leading to global warming.
• Global Warming Effects: Causes ice to melt, sea levels to rise, and extreme weather.
• Air Pollution: Harmful gases from cars and factories cause health issues.
• Control: Reduce emissions using clean energy and regulations.

8. Human Population

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8. Human Population
• Population Growth: Increase in people due to births and migration.
• Carrying Capacity: Maximum number of people the Earth can support sustainably.
• Urbanisation: Movement to cities increases demand for resources.
• Management: Educate people, provide healthcare, and plan cities to avoid overcrowding.

9. Natural Ecosystems and Human Activities


• Biomes: Large natural areas like rainforests, deserts, and tundra.
• Human Impacts: Deforestation, pollution, and hunting reduce wildlife.
• Biodiversity Importance: Variety of life is needed for ecosystem health and human needs.
• Conservation: Protecting nature using parks, education, and restoration.

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