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WRITING
Writing Materials
Homework

Exercise 1.

The line graph illustrates the revenue figures of four restaurants in a city throughout
2010.
Overall, three restaurants, including Delicacy, Evening Paradise Grand Fiesta
witnessed a rise in their profits, while the opposite was true for the restaurant named
Spicy Fortune. However, Spicy Fortune remained the business that earned the most
money throughout the majority of the year
Initially, Grand Fiesta earned approximately $100,000 in January, which was
significantly higher than the earnings of Evening Paradise and Delicacy, which were
around $50,000 and $30,000, respectively. However, Grand Fiesta's earnings
steadily declined, reaching a low of $80,000 in July. The income then sharply
increased to just under $140,000 in December.
In contrast, Evening Paradise's earnings gradually increased to $100,000 in July,
then experienced a decline in September before rocketing to a peak of $190,000 at
the end of the year, which was the most successful. Delicacy also saw a slight
increase in income, reaching $60,000 in November, followed by a rapid rise to

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$120,000 in December. Conversely, Spicy Fortune began the year with an income of
$160,000 in January. However, it fell by $40,000 in February and peaked at
$170,000 in March, before fluctuating between $120,000 and $140,000 for the
following seven months. Unfortunately, by the end of the year, its revenue
plummeted to nearly $40,000, resulting in the lowest profits among the four
restaurants.

The line graph compares the monthly income figures, in thousands of dollars, of four
restaurants named Delicacy, Evening Paradise, Grand Fiesta, and Spicy Fortune, in
a city during the year 2010.

Overall, it is evident that while Delicacy, Grand Fiesta and Evening Paradise
experienced a general upward trend as the year progressed, Spicy Fortune’s
revenue reduced significantly. In addition to this, Evening Paradise emerged as the
top earner, whereas Spicy fortune ended up as the least income among the group.

In January, ranked in the first place was the income from Spicy Fortune, as this
restaurant earned 160,000 dollars, which was 60,000 dollars higher than that from
Grand Fiesta. In the same month, while Evening Paradise could earn about 50,000
dollars, there was only roughly 30,000 dollars paid in Delicacy. Thereafter, Spicy
Fortune displayed the most dramatic changes, dipping to nearly $120,000 in April,
and then peaking at around $170,000 in December. However, this figure fell sharply
to only about $50,000 after witnessing a minor reduction in October. In contrast, with
only slight drops from January to June, Grand Fiesta’s income showed a steady
ascent from just over $80,000 to roughly $140,000 by the end of the year.

Meanwhile, Evening Paradise experienced a gradual increase and reached

Exercise 2

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The graph illustrates the Australian’s patterns of purchasing and drinking coffee and
tea in five different metropolises for the past four weeks.
Overall, it can be seen that most people in these five examined cities preferred going
to the café, except for those living in Adelaide. Additionally, fresh coffee was the
least popular option among the Australian tea and coffee drinkers.
To begin with, there are relatively similar patterns between Sydney and Melbourne.
In both cities, approximately 63% of the residents preferred drinking coffee or tea at
cafes, making it the most popular choice. However, the habit of buying fresh coffee is
lower in both cities, with around 43% of citizens opting for it, compared to instant
coffee which has a higher percentage of around 45% and 48% respectively.
Examining the details, it can be seen that the purchase of fresh coffee is the least
popular choice across all cities. Brisbane and Adelaide reported significantly lower
figures, hovering around the 34% mark, while Hobart had a slightly higher
percentage of approximately 40%. When it comes to instant coffee, Brisbane and
Hobart have similar figures, with 55% of their populace opting for this convenient
beverage, slightly higher than Adelaide's percentage of around 50%. The most
popular choice for coffee consumption across all cities, except for Adelaide, is going
to a cafe. Hobart and Brisbane have consumption rates ranging from 55% to 63%,
while Adelaide displays a marked divergence from this trend, with only 40% of its
population partaking in this habit.

The given bar chart depicts the consumption patterns of coffee and tea among
residents in five major Australian cities namely Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane,

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Adelaide, and Hobart over the past month.

In general, the most prevalent trend across these cities was the preference for
enjoying coffee or tea at cafes, with the exception of Adelaide. Notably, the
percentage of purchasing instant coffee consistently surpassed that of buying fresh
coffee in all locations.

Regarding Sydney and Melbourne, the percentage of people in Melbourne drinking

Among the remaining three cities, Hobart stood out with the highest proportion of
residents, at 53%, going to a cafe for coffee and tea. Additionally, approximately
53% of individuals in Brisbane and Hobart opted for instant coffee, whereas nearly
50% in Adelaide made similar purchases. Interestingly, a similarity can be seen in
the percentage of people buying fresh coffee in Brisbane and Adelaide, at around
34%, while Hobart showed a slightly higher rate at approximately 38%.

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Exercise 3.

The bar chart provides information on how teenaged children living in a city called
Chester spent their time on entertainment and learning purposes during a five-year
period starting from 2002.
Overall, teenage boys and girls showed the highest level of interest in watching TV
while engaging in bowling games only occupied a small part of their time. Another
feature worth mentioning is that the figures for visiting pubs/ discos, watching TV
programs and going shopping experienced an upward trend throughout the period
shown, whereas the opposite is true for the others with an exception for DVD-
watching, which saw dramatic fluctuations.
In 2002, teenagers spent an average of 25 hours per week watching television,
which was over three times higher than the time spent at pubs/discos and shopping.
Over the next five years, the amount of time spent at pubs/discos and shopping
increased significantly, reaching a peak of 18 hours and 15 hours, respectively.
However, watching television remained the most popular hobby, with a sharp rise to
38 hours per week.
Despite this growth in social outings, the amount of time spent on bowling remained
minimal, with only 4 hours logged in 2002. In comparison, the time spent on
homework, sporting activities, and watching DVDs varied, with some activities being
more or less than 10 hours per week. By 2007, the number of hours spent on all
activities had significantly decreased, with the lowest point being 6 hours for
homework, 2 hours for sporting activities, and 1 hour for bowling. Additionally, the
time spent watching DVDs fluctuated between 11 hours and 17 hours in a week.

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The bar chart illustrates how much time teenagers spent on different activities in
Chester between 2002 and 2007
Overall, going to the pubs/discos, watching TV and going shopping became more
popular over the period, while the opposite was true for the remainder. In addition,
most teenagers preferred watching TV over the years.
In 2002, young people spent the largest amount of time watching TV at around 25
hours per week, far exceeding doing homework and watching DVDs at
approximately 14 and 12 hours per week, respectively. They allocated around 10
hours per week to doing sports, while the figures for going to the pubs/discos,
shopping and bowling were slightly lower at roughly 8, 7, and 4 hours per week, in
that order.
The time allotted to watching TV had the most significant increase to just under 40
hours per week in 2007. A similar pattern, but to a lesser extent, was seen in the
respective figures for going to the pubs/discos and shopping, going up to around 17
and 15 hours per week. Conversely, fewer youths favored doing homework, doing
sports and bowling, with just nearly 7, 3 and 2 hours per week, respectively. Despite
climbing noticeably to roughly 17 hours per week in 2004, watching DVDs ‘figure
dropped to 10 hours per week in 2007.

Vocabulary
Spend time = allocate time = allot time: dành thời gian

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Exercise 4.

The table compares the percentages of people using different functions of their
mobile phones between 2006 and 2010.
Throughout the period shown, the main reason why people used their mobile phones
was to make calls. However, there was a marked increase in the popularity of other
mobile phone features, particularly the Internet search feature.
In 2006, 100% of mobile phone owners used their phones to make calls, while the
next most popular functions were text messaging and taking photos, accounting for
73% and 66% of all users, in that order. By contrast, less than 20% of owners played
games or played music on their phones, and there were no figures for users Internet
searches or recording video.
Over the course of the next four years, there were minimal changes in the figures for
the top three mobile phone features. In the case of making calls the rate slightly
decreased 99% of the owner’s made calls. Conversely, experiencing an insignificant
increase, 76% took photos, 79% sent and received text messages respectively in
2010. However, the proportion of people using their phones to search the Internet,
which jumped to 41% in 2008, peaked at 73% in 2010. Additionally, there was a
significant increase in the use of mobiles to play games, play music and to record
video, with figures reaching 41%, 26% and 35% respectively in 2010.

The table illustrates the proportion of cellphone owners who used different mobile
features in 2006, 2008 and 2010.

Overall, almost all the owners used their phones for making calls over the given
years. Meanwhile, the percentage of all the features increased except making calls
where its figure decreased.

In 2006, making calls was the dominant feature with 100% of users engaging in this
activity, far exceeding sending and receiving text messages and taking photos with

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the respective figures being 73% and 66%. A small percentage of people favored
playing games and music on their phones with only 17% and 12% participants. No
data of searching the Internet and recording videos was given in this year.

Making calls remained the top feature over the next 4 years, despite its slight
decrease of 1% in 2010. However, more users preferred sending and receiving text
messages and taking photos, with the respective figures reaching 79% and 76% in
2010, and playing music reached 26%. Playing games also witnessed a significant
rise to 41%, while searching the Internet started at 41% in 2008 and climbed
dramatically to 73% in 2010. Recording videos stood at a very minimal proportion of
9% in 2008, followed by a considerable growth of 26% in the final year.

Vocabulary
Be the dominant feature: tính năng chiếm ưu thế
Remain the top feature: vẫn là tính năng hàng đầu

The bar chart depicts the proportion of government expenditure allocated to roads
and transport in four different countries namely, Italy, Portugal, the United Kingdom,
and America, from 1990 to 2005.
Overall, among the four countries, Portugal allocated the highest proportion of its
spending to roads and transport, while the UK exhibited the least financial
commitment throughout the entire period. Notably, all countries except Portugal
experienced fluctuations in their spending patterns.

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In the year 1990, Portugal led in government spending on roads and transport,
allocating approximately 27%, closely followed by Italy at around 22%. The United
Kingdom and the United States lagged behind, dedicating only about 11%. By 1995,
Italy, Portugal, the UK, and America all slightly decreased their expenditures,
reaching roughly 24%, 20%, 9% and 10% respectively.
In the following years, specifically 2000, Portugal's spending decreased, with figures
dropping to 22%. On the other hand, Italy, the UK and the USA increased their
spending to 24%, 12% and 14%, respectively. In 2005, there was a further decrease
in expenditure across all countries, except the USA, which maintained its spending
at around 15%. Italy and Portugal decreased their allocations to 20% each, while the
UK reduced its expenditures to 8%. This reflects a shift in budget allocations towards
transport infrastructure in these nations.

The bar chart provided illustrates the monthly levels of precipitation, while the line
graph depicts the average temperature in one territory in East Africa.
Overall, it can be easily seen that April is recorded to be the month with the highest
amount of rain and a relatively high temperature, while the opposite is true for July,
as at this time of the year, the levels of rain and temperature reach their lowest
points. Another observation worth mentioning is that both rainfall and temperature
fluctuate throughout the year.

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For the first half of the year, the variation in rainfall varies from 20 mm in January to
100 mm in March. In spring, there is a sharp increase, peaking at approximately 275
mm in April. After that, the levels of rainfall decreased significantly, reaching 15 mm
in June. The temperature pattern follows a similar trend of variation. It rises steadily
from the beginning of the year, from 22°C to 23°C, peaking for the first time in March
at 24°C, which is followed by a decline to 21.5°C in June.

Turning to the latter part of the year, the bar chart shows that precipitation reaches
its lowest point in July, which is approximately 10 mm. Similarly, the weather also
cools down in the corresponding period at 20.5°C in July. Subsequently, rainfall
experiences a slight resurgence in October and November, stabilizing at 150 mm
and 160 mm respectively, before declining to 50 mm in December. The weather
becomes hotter, subsequent months lead to a gradual increase from 21°C to 23.5°C
between August and October, reaching approximately 21.3°C by December.

The pie chart displays the major causes of global land degradation, while the table
illustrates how three regions of the world were affected by these causes.
Overall, the livestock industry accounts for the largest proportion of land erosion. In
addition, the land degradation in Europe is far higher than that in the other two areas.

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The pie chart shows that there are main factors contributing to the degradation of
farmland in the world today. The most prevalent cause, accounting for over a third
35% of land degradation worldwide, was degraded by having too many animals
feeding on it, higher than the deforestation and excessive crop production,
constituting 30% and 28% respectively. Besides, other factors make up a small
minority, comprising only 7% of the total.
Moving onto the table, the land degradation with Europe was the most alarming,
accounting for nearly a quarter of total land affected. This is significantly higher than
the percentage in Oceanian islands, which is only 13%, and almost five times higher
than in North American regions. Similarly, Europe tops in the figure for land erosion
by deforestation, at almost one tenth which was considerably higher than in the two
areas. However, over-grazing resulted in the highest percentage of land degradation
in Oceania, damaging just under 12%, which is higher than other figures in the same
column. Yet, in North America, over-cultivation caused 3.3% of land degradation and
was the highest cause among other factors in the same territory, although it was not
a high percentage compared to other causes in the other regions.

The chart shows information about the four types of tourist attractions in
Britain in 1991.

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Write an introduction and an overview for the chart above.

The pie chart illustrates the percentage of individuals who visited four different types
of tourist attractions in Britain in 1991.
Overall, it can be seen that the majority of British tourists chose to visit Museums &
Galleries and Theme Park. In contrast, the figure for people who visited Wildlife
Parks & Zoos was the least, followed by Historic Houses & Monument.
BÀI THAM KHẢO TỪ TRUNG TÂM
The pie chart provided gives information regarding the percentage of tourists who
visited various types of tourist attractions in Great Britain in 1991.
In general, it is evident that the most population attractions were museums, galleries
and theme parks whereas historic houses, wildlife parks, and zoos were much less
popular in comparison.
The maps show the changes that happened to an island called Paradise.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.

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Bài làm
The maps provided illustrate the changes to Paradise Island from the past to the
present.
Overall, it is obvious that Paradise Island underwent a number of dramatic
alterations. However, the rocks, the pier, and the beach have remained in their
original positions.
In the past, the island was mostly natural, with minimal man-made structures. It had
a beautiful beach to the northwest of the island and a pier located in the
southwestern part of the map, to the left of a scientific research station. Additionally,
a natural spring was situated to the right of the trees, which grew in the middle
region. Nonetheless, there was limited infrastructure in place for visitors or tourism.
In the present, the island has been significantly developed. The pier has been
expanded to accommodate cruise ships, and the beach now allows swimming. A
scenic lookout has been added near the rocks in the northeast, providing views of
the sea. In addition, a large hotel complex and a swimming pool have been built in
the center of the island, replacing the scientific research station. Other new features
include an open restaurant, a BBQ area, a café, and a cycle path connecting these
facilities. These developments indicate a shift from research to tourism, increasing its
attractiveness to tourists while reducing its natural character.

The graph provided illustrates the number of crimes in the city center of Newport between
2003 and 2012.

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Overall, it is evident that burglary witnessed a downward trend, while car theft and
robbery showed no change until the end of the data period.
In 2003, starting with nearly 3,500 incidents, burglary peaked at approximately 3,750
incidents in 2004. The following four years saw a sharp decline, eventually dropping
to nearly 1,200 incidents. After this dramatic decrease, the rate fluctuated from 2008
to 2012, finishing at around 1,400 incidents in 2012.
In comparison, the car theft rate remained unchanged at 2,800 incidents over a
three-year period from 2003 to 2005, before plummeting to a low of 2,000 incidents
in 2006. However, the rate of car theft then saw a steady increase, reaching 2,700
incidents in 2012, after surpassing burglary incidents in 2007. Regarding robbery,
which had the lowest crime rate in this illustration, it is interesting to note that the
figure of around 700 incidents in 2003 was the same as that in 2012, the final year of
the data.

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https://dolacademy.vn/luyen-thi-ielts/ielts-listening-practice-answer-key-
accommodation-form-rental-properties
Listerning - Progress test 1

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