GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

wek¦ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

Global Human Resource Management
13
Av‡jvwPZ BDwb‡U †`kxq gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cvkvcvwk AvšÍRv© wZK gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv m¤ú‡K©
Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G Aa¨vq cvV K‡i wkÿv_x©iv Rvb‡Z cvi‡e †h, we‡k^i gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv Kxfv‡e
†`kxq gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv n‡Z c„_K|GwU mwZ¨ †h, †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi bxwZ¸‡jvB wek¦ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| Z‡e wek¦ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi wKQz Avðh©RbK welq i‡q‡Q, hv
wb¤œiƒc : 1| we‡k¦ gvbyl‡K cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv eo cwim‡i KvR Ki‡Z nq| cwimi¸‡jv n‡jv:
Ki welqK Bmy¨, ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv mgš^qKiY, wewbgq nvi, cvwikÖwgK cwiKíbv BZ¨vw`| 2| GwU‡Z Kg©x‡`i e¨w³MZ
Rxebhvc‡bi mv‡_ †ewk m¤ú„³Zvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| KviY we‡`‡k Ae¯’v‡bi Rb¨ evwofvov, †Q‡j-‡g‡q‡`i ¯‹z‡ji
e¨e¯’v Kiv, we‡bv`‡bi e¨e¯’v Kiv cÖf…wZ| wbR †`‡k G¸‡jv hZ mnR, we‡`‡k ZZ mnR bq| 3| cÖwZôvb‡K
wewfbœ †`‡ki †fŠMwjK Ae¯’v‡f‡` gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZ MÖnY Ki‡Z nq| GwU Aek¨B GK GK RvqMvq
GK GK iKg n‡q _v‡K| 4| cÖwZôvb‡K we‡`‡k miKvwi, ivR‰bwZK I ag©xq `‡ji mv‡_ mgš^q K‡i KvR Ki‡Z
nq| 5| we‡`‡k KvR Ki‡Z †M‡j A‡bK SuywKI wb‡Z nq| †hgb: Kg©x I cwiev‡ii ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv, mswkøó
†`‡ki AvBbKvbyb msµvšÍ welq, m¤¢ve¨ mš¿vmx Kvh©µg Ges †h †Kv‡bv fz‡ji Rb¨ gvbweK I Avw_©K ÿwZi m¤§yLxb
nIqv cÖf…wZ|

BDwbU mgvwßi mgq BDwbU mgvwßi m‡e©v”P mgq 01 mßvn

G BDwb‡Ui cvVmg~n
cvV-13.1: wek^ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv Kxfv‡e †`kxq gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv n‡Z c„_K; ms¯‹…wZi cwigvc
cvV-13.2: wek^ Kvh©µ‡g †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` Bmy¨mg~n; we‡`k †_‡K †diZ
cvV-13.3: evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qvM : †KŠkjMZ cQ›`; evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi cÖK…wZ; evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi `ÿZv wba©vi‡Yi
Dcv`vbmg~n
cvV-13.4: evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mgm¨v; evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbvi mgm¨v DËi‡Yi Dcvqmg~n; evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mdjZvi Dcvq
cvV-13.5: evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ¯ÍvweZ g‡Wj; evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbvi D‡Ïk¨; evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
cvV-13.6: evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi `vwqZ¡; †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vc‡Ki cÖ‡qvRbxq ¸Yvewj; evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi A`ÿZvi
KviYmg~n
cvV-13.7: evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi D”Pch©v‡qi g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖ‡qvRbxqZv;
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡`i ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡ev‡ai ¯Íi; evsjv‡`‡ki
cÖwZôvbmg~‡n †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` wefvM ¯’vc‡b kÖwgKms‡Ni †bZv‡`i f‚wgKv; djcÖm~ †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` wefv‡Mi Rb¨ miKv‡ii f‚wgKv

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-215
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

cvV-13.1 wek^ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv I †`kxq gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cv_©K¨; ms¯‹…wZi
cwigvc
How Global HRM Differs From Demestic HRM; Assessing Culture

D‡Ïk¨

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb

wek^ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv I †`kxq gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

ms¯‹…wZi cwigvc Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

wek¦ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv Kxfv‡e †`kxq gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv n‡Z cv_©K¨ nq
How Global HRM Differs From Demestic HRM
GwU mwZ¨ †h, †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi bxwZ¸‡jvB wek¦ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq|
Z‡e wek¦ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi wKQz Avðh©RbK welq i‡q‡Q, hv wb¤œiƒc :
1. we‡k¦ gvbyl‡K cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv‡K eo cwim‡i KvR Ki‡Z nq| cwimi¸‡jv n‡jv: Ki
welqK Bmy¨, ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv mgš^qKiY, wewbgq nvi, cvwikÖwgK cwiKíbv BZ¨vw`|
2. GwU‡Z Kg©x‡`i e¨w³MZ Rxebhvc‡bi mv‡_ †ewk m¤ú„³Zvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| KviY, we‡`‡k Ae¯’v‡bi Rb¨
evwofvov †Q‡j-‡g‡q‡`i ¯‹z‡ji e¨e¯’v Kiv, we‡bv`‡bi e¨e¯’v Kiv cÖf…wZ| wbR †`‡k G¸‡jv hZ mnR,
we‡`‡k ZZ mnR bq|
3. cÖwZôvb‡K wewfbœ †`‡ki †fŠMwjK Ae¯’v‡f‡` gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZ MÖnY Ki‡Z nq| GwU Aek¨B
GK GK RvqMvq GK GK iKg n‡q _v‡K|
4. cÖwZôvb‡K we‡`‡k miKvwi, ivR‰bwZK I ag©xq `‡ji mv‡_ mgš^q K‡i KvR Ki‡Z nq|
5. we‡`‡k KvR Ki‡Z †M‡j A‡bK SuywKI wb‡Z nq| †hgb: Kg©x I cwiev‡ii ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv, mswkøó †`‡ki
AvBbKvbyb msµvšÍ welq, m¤¢ve¨ mš¿vmx Kvh©µg Ges †h †Kv‡bv fz‡ji Rb¨ gvbweK I Avw_©K ÿwZi m¤§yLxb
nIqv cÖf…wZ|
myZivs †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, we‡`‡k e¨emvq cÖwZôvb Pvjy I gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi †ÿ‡Î Dch©y³ welq¸‡jv Aek¨B
we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e, hv wbR †`‡ki †ÿ‡Î we‡ePbvi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv|

ms¯‹…wZi cwigvc
Assessing Culture
ms¯‹…wZ n‡jv GKwU `xN©‡gqvw` welq hv gvbyl Zvi cwi‡e‡k ˆZwi K‡i| Ávb, wek¦vm, Kjv, ˆbwZKZv, AvBb, ixwZ
Ges Ab¨ †h †Kv‡bv mÿgZv ev Af¨vm hv gvbyl mgv‡Ri m`m¨ wn‡m‡e AR©b K‡i, Zv-B ms¯‹…wZ| ms¯‹…wZ-B n‡jv
mewKQz hv gvbyl mgv‡Ri m`m¨ wn‡m‡e wPšÍv K‡i‡Q Ges K‡i _v‡K|
we‡`‡ki evRv‡i cÖwZôvb Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡j A‡bK wKQz wPšÍv Ki‡Z nq| A_©‰bwZK, evRvi, mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK
Ae¯’v Aek¨B we‡`‡k e¨emv‡qi wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi †ÿ‡Î ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡L| Z‡e G‡`i g‡a¨ cÖavb Bmy¨ n‡jv
¯^vMwZK †`‡ki ms¯‹…wZ Ges Kxfv‡e cÖwZôvbwUi wbR †`‡ki ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv n‡e, †m welqwU AZ¨šÍ

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-216
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

¸iæZ¡c~Y© Bmy¨| wbR †`‡ki ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ ¯^vMwZK †`‡ki ms¯‹…wZi †h cv_©K¨, Zv wePvi Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j cÖwZôvb
†h ÿwZi m¤§yLxb n‡e G‡Z †Kv‡bv m‡›`n †bB|
wewfbœ †`‡ki ms¯‹…wZi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ Hofstede GKwU g‡Wj cÖeZ©b K‡ib †hLv‡b PviwU w`‡K
ms¯‹…wZi cv_©K¨ e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q|
1| cÖ_g w`KwU n‡jv: GKwU mgv‡R gvbyl GKK wm×všÍ †bq bvwK `jMZfv‡e ev MYZvwš¿K Dcv‡q wm×všÍ †bq, Zv
we‡ePbv Kiv| GKZ¡ev‡` GKK e¨w³i Dci ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Kiv nq, †hLv‡b `jMZ ev MYZvwš¿K gZev‡` mg‡eZ
nIqv, †mŠnv`©¨, cvi¯úwiK Abyf~wZ Ges Ab¨‡K kÖ×v Kiv BZ¨vw` welq hy³ _v‡K|
2| wØZxq w`KwU n‡jv: ÿgZvi cv_©K¨ (Power Distance) | G‡Z †`Lv nq †h, mgv‡R ÿgZvi avivwU D”P¯Íi
†_‡K wb¤œ¯Í‡i †b‡g Avm‡Q wKbv, bvwK m`m¨‡`i g‡a¨ Amgnv‡i GwU ewÈZ n‡q‡Q| ÿgZvi Amg eȇbi d‡j
mgv‡R Aw¯’iZv I Amš‘wó †`Lv †`q|
3| Z…Zxq w`KwU n‡jv: AwbðqZv‡K Gwo‡q hvIqv| A_©vr, mgvR KZUzKz A¯úóZvq I g~j¨‡ev‡a Avivg‡eva Ki‡e
Zv G‡Z ejv nq Ges GwU SuywK MÖn‡Y mvnm †hvMvq|
4| PZz_© w`KwU‡Z mgvR‡K `ywUfv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr mgvR KZUzKz ÔcyiælZ¡Õ (Manculine) ev ÔbvixZ¡Õ
(Femininity) cÖKvk Ki‡e| cyiæl Zvwš¿K mgv‡R cÖ‡Z¨‡K Lye AMÖMvgx, mywbw`©ó Ges mdjZvi w`‡K Av‡jvKcvZ
K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K, bvix cÖavb mgv‡R cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i w`‡K †Rvi †`q Ges G‡K Ac‡ii Kj¨v‡Yi w`K bRi
†`Iqv| G `ywU wj½ w`‡q g~jZ mgv‡Ri ms¯‹…wZK AvPiY‡K Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| ÔcyiælÕ mgvR ej‡Z Rxe‡bi
mvswL¨K cwigvY Ges ÔbvixÕ Øviv Rxe‡bi ¸YMZ w`K-‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
wewfbœ ms¯‹…wZi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wb‡`©k K‡i Avi GKwU g‡Wj Dbœqb K‡i‡Qb Hall bv‡g GKRb M‡elK| wZwb GwU‡K
5wU wbie fvlv wn‡m‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| †hgb: (i) mgq (Time) ; (ii) RvqMv (Space) ; (iii) e¯‘MZ cY¨ (Material
Goods) ; (vi) eÜzZ¡ (Friendship) ; (v) Pzw³ (Agreement) |
(i) mgq (Time) : mgq ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q †hvMv‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î Avgiv mgq‡K Kxfv‡e e¨envi Kwi Ges
Avgv‡`i wbZ¨ Rxeb e¨e¯’vcbvq mgq‡K Kxfv‡e e¨envi Kwi|
(ii) RvqMv (Space) : Gi A_© n‡jv †hvMv‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î Avgiv KZUzKz RvqMv e¨envi Kwi Ges `~iZ¡ eRvq ivwL|
D`vniY¯^iƒc- K_vevZ©vi mgq `yB e¨w³i g‡a¨ KZUzKz `~iZ¡ _v‡K? eÜzZ,¡ AvbyôvwbKZv I NwbôZv cÖf…wZI GKwU
wbw`©ó `~iZ¡ eRvq †i‡L wewbgq Kiv nq| wewfbœ c`, ÿgZv I gh©v`v‡K †evSvevi Rb¨ Awd‡m Kxfv‡e RvqMvi
e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡q‡Q? GKwU cÖwZôv‡bi †Kv‡bv e¨w³MZ Kÿ i‡q‡Q wK bv ev Mvwoi Rb¨ Avjv`v cvwK©s Av‡Q wK bv?
(iii) e¯‘MZ cY¨ (Material Goods) : e¯‘MZ cY¨‡KI GKBfv‡e ÿgZv, mdjZv I gh©v`v‡K wb‡`©k Kivi Rb¨
e¨envi Kiv nq| wKQz ms¯‹…wZ‡Z G¸‡jv †Kv‡bv e¨w³i e¨w³MZ I †ckvMZ gh©v`v‡K wPwýZ Kivi †ÿ‡Î ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
wb‡`©kK wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| †Kv¤úvwbi Mvwo, wKsev D”P †eZb hv wb‡Pi ¯Í‡ii Kg©x‡`i †P‡q A‡bK ¸Y †ewk,
G¸‡jv †Kv¤úvwbi wbie fvlv wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|
(vi) eÜzZ¡ (Friendship) : eÜzZ¡ Øviv cÖKvk cvq †h, Kxfv‡e †Kv¤úvwb‡Z Avgiv cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© M‡o †Zv‡j I
a‡i ivwL| D`vniY¯^iƒc: eÜzZ¡ Kx `ªæZ M‡o D‡V Avevi †f‡½ hvq? Zviv Kx `xN© mg‡q dvD‡Ûkb M‡o Zz‡j?
Zv‡`i Kx cvi¯úwiK eÜz‡Z¡ AvcwË Av‡Q? A_ev Dfqcÿ hZw`b myweav Av‡Q, ZZw`b eÜzZ¡ a‡i iv‡L? †Kvb †Kvb
ms¯‹…wZ‡Z e¯‘MZ c‡Y¨i gva¨‡g gh©v`v cvq, Avevi Ab¨ mgv‡R gh©v`v †eva K‡i eÜzZ¡ wewbg‡qi gva¨‡g| myZivs
†`Lv hvq †h, GK GK mgv‡Ri ms¯‹…wZ GK GK iK‡gi|
(v) Pzw³ (Agreement) : GwU Øviv †evSvq †h, Kxfv‡e GKwU RbgZ gvby‡li Kv‡Q †cuŠQvq| D`vniY¯^iƒc
e¨emvwqK Pzw³ wjwLZ ev †gŠwLK n‡e wK bv, bvwK `yc‡ÿi nvZ †gjv‡bvi (handshake) g‡a¨B mxgve× _vK‡e?

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-217
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

g~j K_v n‡jv wek¦vq‡bi hy‡M wewfbœ ms¯‹…wZi g‡a¨ cv_©‡K¨i cÖwZ bRi w`‡j cÖwZôv‡b mdjZv Av‡m Ges e¨emvq
I gvbe m¤ú` †KŠkj Dbœq‡b mdj nIqv hvq| KviY ¯^vMwZK †`‡ki ms¯‹…wZi Dci wfwË K‡iB e¨emvq †KŠkj I
gvbe m¤ú` †KŠkj wba©viY Ki‡Z nq| GwU ejv Lye gykwKj †h, ms¯‹…wZMZ cv_©K¨ Kxfv‡e gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv
wm‡÷‡g cÖfve †d‡j|
‡h‡nZz mgv‡Ri ms¯‹…wZ Av‡Q, cÖwZôv‡biI ms¯‹…wZ Av‡Q| ZvB wm×všÍ MÖnYKvix‡`i‡K mgvR I cÖwZôv‡bi
ms¯‹…wZ‡K gy‡LvgywL Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e †h, cÖwZôvb †mLv‡b wU‡K _vKvi Rb¨ wdU wK bv|
GKBmv‡_ fvimvg¨c~Y© e¨emvq †KŠkj I gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv †KŠkj Dbœqb Ki‡Z cvi‡e wKbv- Zv we‡ePbv
Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡`‡k e¨emvq Ki‡Z hvIqvi c~‡e© wm×všÍ MÖnYKvix‡`i wPšÍv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb †h, Zviv ¯^vMwZK †`‡k
gvbe m¤ú` cwjwm ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z cvi‡e wKbv| Avevi, †mLv‡b ˆbwZKZvi wKQz welqI i‡q‡Q| ˆbwZK wm×v‡šÍi
Dci †Kv¤úvwbi kw³ cÖKvk cvq| wm×všÍ MÖnYKvix‡`i‡K eyS‡Z n‡e †h, †Kv¤úvwb Kx Kx g~j¨‡eva Mfxifv‡e
AbymiY K‡i hv cwieZ©b Kiv †Kv‡bvfv‡eB m¤¢e bq| G‡Z D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Avw_©K my‡hvM nvZQvov n‡jI †Kv¤úvwbi
g~j¨‡eva cwieZ©b Kiv hv‡e bv| G‡Z cÖwZôv‡bi wgkb, †KŠkj I gvbe m¤ú` PP©v AviI Mfxi I kw³kvjx n‡e|

wkÿv_x©iv †`‡k AbymiYK…Z gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mv‡_ we‡k^i Ab¨vb¨ †`‡ki gvbe m¤ú`
wkÿv_©xi KvR :
e¨e¯’vcbvi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiæb Ges cv_©K¨ wbY©q Kiæb|

mvims‡ÿc:
e¨e¯’vcK‡`i g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, †`kxq gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mv‡_ wek^ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi h‡_ó
cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| KviY GKRb Kgx© †`‡k hZv ¯^v”Q‡›`¨i mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e, we‡`‡k †miKg cvi‡e bv|
ZvQvov, Avw_©K I _vKv-LvIqvi welqwUI ¸iæZ¡c~Y|© ms¯‹…wZMZ cv_©K¨ †Zv i‡q‡QB| G e¨vcv‡i e¨e¯’vcKMY‡K
mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e| wek^ evRv‡i KvR Ki‡Z †M‡j A‡bK¸‡jv †KŠkj †_‡K myweavRbK †KŠkj †e‡Q wb‡Z n‡e|
†hgb: Avg`vwb-ißvwb, jvB‡mwÝs, †hŠ_ †Kv¤úvwb, mvewmwWqvwi †Kv¤úvwb cÖf…wZ|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-218
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

cvV-13.2 wek^ Kvh©µ‡g †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` Bmy¨mg~n I cÖZ¨vevmb

Strategic HR Issues in Global Assignment & Repatriation

D‡Ïk¨

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb

wek^ evRv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki †KŠkj m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb;

wek^ evRv‡i e¨emv‡qi mv‡_ mswkøó wewfbœ welq m¤ú‡K© eY©bv w`‡Z cvi‡eb;

we‡`‡k wbw`©ó mgq KvR Kivi ci Kgx©‡`i‡K †`‡k wdwi‡q Avbvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

K‡qKwU †`‡ki †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv m¤ú‡K© weeiY w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

wek¦ Kvh©µ‡g †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` Bmy¨mg~n

Strategic HR Issues in Global Assighment
GKwU †Kv¤úvwb wewfbœ Dcv‡q AvšÍR©vwZK evRv‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges we‡`‡k Gi Kg©x‡`i‡K Kv‡R cvVv‡Z
cv‡i| †m¸‡jv n‡jv: cY¨ ißvwb, DcPzw³ ev jvB‡mÝ, †hŠ_ †Kv¤úvwb, mvewmwWqvwi cÖwZôvb ¯’vcb BZ¨vw`| G
†ÿ‡Î Zviv K‡qKwU gva¨g e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡i, †hgb:
(i) cÖkvmwbK G¨v‡cÖvP: we‡`‡k hvIqvi Rb¨ KvM‡R-Kj‡g mvnvh¨ Kiv| †hgb: wUwKU K‡i †`Iqv, Kg©xi Rb¨
wfmv I cwiev‡ii Rb¨ ågY wfmv †RvMvo K‡i †`Iqv, U¨v· cwi‡kv‡ai welqwU wbwðZ Kiv BZ¨vw`|
(ii) U¨vKwUK¨vj G‡cÖvP: Gi gva¨‡g we‡`‡k MgbiZ Kg©x‡`i‡K mswÿß (GK w`‡bi) cÖwkÿY †`Iqv, †hb Zviv
Kvh©‡ÿ‡Î AK…ZKvh© ev e¨_© bv nq|
(iii) †KŠkjMZ G¨v‡cÖvP: G‡Z we‡`‡k MgbiZ Kg©x‡`i‡K †ewk K‡i mg_©b mn‡hvwMZv I mgš^‡qi K_v ejv
n‡q‡Q|

Dch©y³ c×wZ QvovI we‡`‡ki Kv‡R Kg©x‡`i‡K cvVv‡bvi †ÿ‡Î AviI wKQz KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb: Kg©x wbe©vPb
wm‡÷g gvb‡Z n‡e, Pjgvb I mgwš^Z cÖwkÿY, wbw`©ó Kvh©m¤úv`b e¨e¯’vcbv wm‡÷g, MšÍ‡e¨ †mev cÖ`vb I
m‡e©vcwi †KŠkjMZ we‡`k Mgb Kg©m~wP AbymiY|

hvB †nvK, wek¦ Kvh©µ‡g †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` Bmy¨mg~n GKwU g‡W‡ji gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| g‡WjwU
wb‡P †`Iqv n‡jv:

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-219
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

we‡k¦ e¨emvq †KŠkj

• ißvwb
• DcPzw³ ev jvB‡mwÝs
• ‡hŠ_ †Kv¤úvwb
• mvewmwWqvwi

¯’vbxq ms¯‹…wZ RvZxq ms¯‹…wZ e¨emvq g~j¨‡eva,

‰bwZKZv

‡KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` Bmy¨mg~n

we‡`k Mg‡bi Kg©x wbe©vPb cwiwPwZKiY we‡`k Mgb Kvix‡`i
D‡Ï‡k¨ • Kg©x • Kg©x I cwievi cwiPvjbv we‡`k Mgb
• cwievi • cÖavb Kvh©vjq ÷vd • Kvh©m¤úv`b
g~j¨vqb
• ‡eZb I gRywi
• Kg©x I kÖg m¤úK©
• Pjgvb cÖwkÿY

ch©vqKi‡Yi ¯Íi
• GK ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_
Ab¨ ms¯‹…wZi Zzjbv
• eûgvwÎK ms¯‹…wZ
wePvi
• AvÂwjK ms¯‹…wZ
• ‡fŠMwjK ms¯‹…wZ

wPÎ : wek¦ Kvh©‡ÿ‡Î †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` Bmy¨mg~n|

g‡W‡ji eY©bv :
g‡W‡j †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, †Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwb wZb ai‡bi ms¯‹…wZ we‡kølY K‡i we‡`‡k †Kv¤úvwb ¯’vc‡bi ev we‡`wk
evRv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki wm×všÍ MÖnY K‡i| †hgb: ¯’vbxq ms¯‹…wZ, RvZxq ms¯‹…wZ I wbR cÖwZôv‡bi e¨emvwqK ms¯‹…wZ|
e¨emvwqK ms¯‹…wZi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q- g~j¨‡eva I ˆbwZKZv|
GDci †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` Bmy¨¸‡jv ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv nq| G‡ÿ‡Î welq¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc :
1| we‡`k Mg‡bi D‡Ïk¨ (Purpose of Expatriation) : cÖ_‡gB Kvh©‡ÿ‡Îi D‡Ïk¨ wba©viY Kiv nq|
Kvh©‡ÿ‡Îi eûwea KviY _v‡K, †hgb: e¨emvq ev evRvi Dbœqb, Kg©x ms¯’vcb, e`wj, wKsev Z_¨cÖhyw³i mgš^q,
¯^vqËkvwmZ cÖwZôv‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv, wbR †`‡ki Kv‡h©i mv‡_ we‡`‡ki Kv‡h©i mgš^qmvab; ¯’vbxq e¨e¯’vcbvq †gav
Dbœqb cÖf…wZ|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-220
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

2| Kg©x wbe©vPb (Selection) : Kvh© wba©vi‡Yi ci Kg©x wbe©vP‡bi cÖkœ Av‡m| KviY wba©vwiZ Kvh©m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨
†hvM¨ Kg©xi cÖ‡qvRb| cÖwZôvb I Kg©xi D‡Ï‡k¨i mv‡_ mgš^q K‡i we‡`‡k cvVv‡bvi Rb¨ Kg©x wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e|
D”P ch©vq e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨, KvwiMwi w`K DbœZ Kivi Rb¨ Kg©x‡`i‡K my‡hvM †`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i|
3| cwiwPwZKiY (Orientation) : Dchy³ Kg©x wbe©vP‡bi ci Zv‡`i‡K Kvh©cwi‡ek I Kvh© m¤ú‡K© aviYv w`‡Z
n‡e hv‡Z Zviv wb‡R‡`i‡K bZzb cwi‡e‡k gvwb‡q wb‡Z cv‡i| Kg©x‡`i cvkvcvwk Zv‡`i cwievi‡KI Lvc
LvIqv‡bvi wel‡q ÁvZ Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡Z Zviv ¯^vMwZK †`‡ki ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ wb‡R‡`i‡K gvwb‡q wb‡Z cv‡i|
AwaKvsk cÖwZôvb e¨_© nIqvi KviY n‡jv: Zviv Ges Zv‡`i cwievi ¯^vMwZK †`‡ki ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ wb‡R‡`i‡K
gvwb‡q wb‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB Kg©x I Zv‡`i cwievi‡K fv‡jvfv‡e wPwýZ K‡i cÖwkÿY w`‡Z n‡e †hb Zviv wb‡Riv
Lvc †L‡q Pj‡Z cv‡i|
Ab¨w`‡K, wbR †`‡k cÖavb Kvh©vj‡qi Kg©x‡`i‡KI cÖwkÿY w`‡Z n‡e †hb Zviv we‡`‡k Kg©iZ‡`i mv‡_ fv‡jv I
†hŠw³K AvPiY K‡ib| †`Lv hvq †h, ¯’vbxq ms¯‹…wZ (we‡`‡k) I wbR †`‡k cÖavb Kvh©vj‡qi ms¯‹…wZi g‡a¨ Ø›Ø
†j‡MB _v‡K| G Rb¨ cÖavb Kvh©vj‡qi Kg©x‡`i‡K ms‡e`bkxjZv cÖwkÿY (Sensitivity Training) †`Iqv cÖ‡qvRb|
G cÖwkÿ‡Yi d‡j Zviv eyS‡Z cvi‡e †h, (i) †Kb ¯’vbxqfv‡e wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q; (ii) cÖevmx‡`i‡K mg_©b
†`‡e Ges Zv‡`i‡K eyS‡Z mÿg n‡e wbR †`‡ki KvVv‡gv †gvZv‡eK| Gi evB‡i AwZwi³ cwi‡kva Kiv nq cÖev‡m
evwofvov, AvmevecÎ eve`, evmvq Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbmcÎ, Mvwoi WªvBfvi I Ab¨vb¨ myweavmg~n|
4| we‡`k MgbKvix‡`i ev cÖevmx‡`i cwiPvjbv (Managing Expatriates) : wbR †`k †_‡K we‡`‡k Aew¯’Z
cÖwZôv‡b †hvM`v‡bi ci Zv‡`i‡K myôzfv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e| Zv‡`i Rb¨ Kvh©m¤úv`b n‡e AwaK P¨v‡jwÄs|
KviY mswkøó cÖwZôv‡bi cÖavb n‡Z cv‡i ¯’vbxq| ZvQvov Ab¨vb¨ mnKg©xMYI n‡Z cv‡i ¯’vbxq| d‡j Zv‡`i mv‡_
memgq GKUv cv_©K¨ weivR Ki‡e| Zv‡`i A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ I ˆ`bw›`b Rxebaviv
cÖevmx‡`i Kv‡R cÖfve †d‡j|
Gici †eZ‡bi cÖm‡½ Avmv hvK| we‡`‡k Ae¯’vb Kiv wbtm‡›`‡n e¨qeûj| ZvB GKRb cÖevmxi †eZb wbR
†`‡ki Zzjbvq Kgc‡ÿ wZb¸Y †ewk nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| Zvi e¨w³MZ wbivcËv, †Q‡j-‡g‡qi ¯‹zj, ˆ`bw›`b e¨q cÖf…wZ
Kvi‡Y Zvi Li‡Pi cwiwaI e¨vcK| AwZwi³ U¨v· cwi‡kv‡ai e¨vcviI _vK‡e| myZivs cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ GwU GKwU
¸iæZ¡c~Y© †KŠkjMZ w`K| Gi Dci cÖwZôv‡bi e¨q I we‡`‡k cÖevmxi cwievi Gi Ae¯’vb mÿgZv wbf©i K‡i|
cÖevmxi †eZb wba©vi‡Y wZbwU G¨v‡cÖvP e¨envi Kiv nq :
cÖ_gZ: DØ„ËcÎ c×wZ (Balance Sheet Method) e¨envi Kiv nq| G c×wZ‡Z †eZb cwi‡kva Kiv nq| wbR
†`‡ki KvVv‡gv †gvZv‡eK| Gi evB‡i AwZwi³ cwi‡kva Kiv nq- cÖev‡m evwofvov, AvmevecÎ eve`, evmvq
Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbmcÎ, Mvwo I WªvBfvi I Ab¨vb¨ myweavmg~n †`Iqv nq ¯^vMwZK †`‡ki cwi‡kv‡ai Dci
wfwË K‡i|
wØZxqwU n‡jv: The Higher of Home or Host Approach: G‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †h, cÖevmxKgx© wbR †`‡k †h †eZb
cvq Zv we‡ePbvq wb‡q ¯^vMwZK †`‡k (we‡`‡k) RxebhvÎvi e¨q D”P nIqv‡Z D”PZi av‡c †eZb wba©viY Kiv nq|
¯^vMwZK †`‡k GKRb wbe©vnxi gvb (Standard) Kx nIqv DwPZ †m Abyhvqx G G‡cÖv‡P †eZb wba©viY Kiv nq|
Z…ZxqwU n‡jv ¯’vbxqKiY G¨v‡cÖvP (Localization Approach) : G G¨v‡cÖvPwU mvaviYZ: ¯’vqx cÖevmx Kgx©‡`i Rb¨
cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| G‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †h, cÖevmxi wbR †`‡ki D‡ËvwjZ †eZb ¯^vMwZK †`‡ki †eZb KvVv‡gv‡Z
iƒcvšÍi Kiv nq| mswkøó †`‡ki †eZb KvVv‡gv, RxebhvÎvi e¨q BZ¨vw`i Dci wfwË K‡i cÖ_‡g †eZb Kg g‡b
n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ cieZx©‡Z mgš^q Kiv n‡q hvq| G c×wZwUB eZ©gv‡b we‡k^i wewfbœ †`‡k cÖPwjZ Av‡Q|

5| gvb wba©vi‡Yi ¯Íi (Level of Standardization) : wnbvb I cvj©gyUvi PviwU G¨v‡cÖv‡Pi K_v e‡j‡Qb hv GKwU
cÖwZôvb cwjwm wba©viY I cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i, †m¸‡jv n‡jv:

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-221
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

(i) GK ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ Ab¨ ms¯‹…wZi Zzjbv (Ethnocentric);

(ii) eûgvwÎK ms¯‹…wZ (Polycentric) ;
(iii) AvÂwjK ms¯‹…wZ (Regiocentric); Ges
(iv) †fŠMwjK ms¯‹…wZ (Geocentric)|

(i) GK ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ Ab¨ ms¯‹…wZi Zzjbv (Ethnocentric) : G G¨v‡cÖvP Abymv‡i †Kv¤úvwbi wbR¯^ ms¯‹…wZ I
PP©vmg~n ev c×wZmg~n we‡`‡k cÖ‡qvM Kiv| †Kv¤úvwbi cÖwZ‡hvMxZvg~jK †KŠkj n‡jv we‡`‡k wbR¯^ m¤§vb I mybvg
M‡o †Zvjv| GwU gvb AR©b, mgš^qmvab I `ÿZv AR©‡bi †ÿ‡Î myweavRbK n‡e| Z‡e GwU hw` Ab¨ ms¯‹…wZi
Dci †Rvi K‡i cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z Pvq Zv n‡j myweav †Zv n‡e bv eis G‡Z eo ai‡bi mgm¨v n‡Z cv‡i|
(ii) eûgvwÎK ms¯‹…wZ (Polycentric) : G G¨v‡cÖvP Abyhvqx †Kv¤úvwb we‡`‡k ¯’vwcZ cÖwZwU cÖwZôv‡b ¯’vbxq
ms¯‹…wZ I kÖg ˆewk‡ó¨i Dci wfwË K‡i wbR¯^ cwjwm cÖ‡qvM K‡i| eZ©gvb evRv‡ii Ae¯’v ey‡S e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qvM
I ¯’vbxqKiY Kiv nq| G‡Z evRv‡i †µZv‡`i iæwPi mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q †KŠkjMZ D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡i| G c×wZwU
†ek mvov cÖ`vbKvix| G‡Z kÖg N~Y©b Kg nq|
(iii) AvÂwjK ms¯‹…wZ (Regiocentric) : †fŠMwjK AvÂwjKZvi Dci wfwË K‡i G c×wZ KvR K‡i Ges
e¨e¯’vcbv cwjwm wba©viY I cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| d‡j Kv‡h©i g‡a¨ wgj I `ÿZv weivR K‡i| Z‡e AÂjmg~‡ni g‡a¨
wKQz cv_©K¨I i‡q‡Q| GwU ¯’vbxq evRvi‡K mg_©b K‡i|
(iv) ‡fŠMwjK ms¯‹…wZ (Geocentric) : G G¨v‡cÖv‡Pi GK †mU wek¦gv‡bi cwjwm I cÖ‡qvM c×wZ wba©viY Kiv nq
Ges we‡k¦i me¯’v‡b ev cÖwZôv‡b Zv cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| G G¨v‡cÖvPwU cÖ_g G¨v‡cÖvP (Ethnocentric) †_‡K c„_K n‡q
_v‡K| Zv n‡jv: †fŠMwjK ms¯‹…wZ‡Z cÖwZwU cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZwU Kv‡h© we‡k¦i kÖg kw³‡K we‡ePbv K‡i, †mB mv‡_
ms¯‹…wZMZ cv_©K¨ _vKv m‡Ë¡I wewfbœ ms¯‹…wZ‡ZB cwjwm Dbœqb I cÖ‡qv‡Mi cÖ‡Póv Pvjvq| Z‡e GwU ev¯Íevqb Kiv
GKUz KwVb| KviY, wewfbœ †`‡ki miKv‡ii wewfbœ cwjwm, AvBbKvbyb we‡ePbvq wb‡Z nq|
wb‡P PviwU ms¯‹…wZi GKwU ZzjbvgyjK ZvwjKv Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡jv :
cÖwZôv‡bi w`K mg~n B_‡bv‡mw›UªK cwj‡mw›UªK ‡iwRI‡mw›UªK wRI‡mw›UªK
gvb ¯’vcb, g~j¨vqb wbR †`‡ki cÖavb ¯’vbxq mvewmwWqvwi A‡ji AšÍMZ © wewfbœ wek¦ I ¯’vbxq gvb
I wbqš¿Y Kvh©vjq KZ©„K e¨e¯’vcbv †`‡ki g‡a¨ mgš^q I wbqš¿b
‡hvMv‡hvM I mgš^q cÖavb Kvh©vjq mvewmwWqvwi‡`i g‡a¨ mvewmwWqvwi I cÖavb mvewmwWqvwi¸‡jvi
†_‡K ¯’vbxq ¯^í cwigvY Ges Kvh©vj‡qi g‡a¨ ¯^í g‡a¨ m¤ú~Y©
mvewmwWqvwi mvewmwWqvwi I cÖavb cwigvY, ga¨g †_‡K †bUIqvK© Ges
Kvh©vj‡qi g‡a¨ ¯^í D”P A‡ji mvewmwWqvwi I
cwigvY| mvewmwWqvwii g‡a¨ cÖavb Kvh©vjq
Kg©xms¯’vb wbR †`‡ki ¯^vMwZK †`‡ki A‡ji wewfbœ †`k fvj Kg©x ev
e¨e¯’vcKMY e¨e¯’vcKMY †_‡K e¨e¯’vcKMY Kg©KZ©v hv‡K
Avm‡Z cv‡i| †hLv‡b e¨envi
Kiv hvq fv‡jv|
ZvwjKv : AvšÍR©vwZK gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq Pvi ms¯‹…wZMZ c×wZ

we‡`k †_‡K †diZ

Repatriation
AvšÍR©vwZK Kvh©µ‡g e¨e¯’vcbvi P~ovšÍ w`K n‡jv Kg©x‡`i‡K wbR †`‡k wdwi‡q Avbv| GwU m¤¢eZ: wek¦ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi me‡P‡q Ae‡nwjZ KvR| KviY, G KvRwUi Rb¨ AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡biB mywbw`©ó †Kv‡bv cwiKíbv

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-222
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

ev cwjwm wba©vwiZ _v‡K bv| A_P Kg©x‡`i‡K we‡`‡k †cÖi‡Yi Rb¨ wewb‡qv‡Mi Dci gybvdvi nv‡i cÖfve c‡o| Lye
Kg †Kv¤úvwbB i‡q‡Q hviv G welqwU mdjZvi mv‡_ e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q| AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡biB †Kv‡bv
cwiKíbv ev cwjwm _v‡K bv †h, Zv‡`i wdwi‡q G‡b †Kv‡bv c‡` envj Kiv n‡e| d‡j Zviv wb‡R †_‡KB †Póv K‡i
wbR cÖwZôvb ev Ab¨ †Kvb cÖwZôv‡b P‡j †h‡Z Ges GKB c` ev D”PZi c‡` PvKwi †c‡Z| hw`I Zv‡`i †ckvMZ
Dbœqb I gvb cÖmvi‡Yi Rb¨ we‡`‡k KvR w`‡q cvVv‡bv nq| Z_vwc Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Lye Kg msL¨K Kg©xB PvKwi`vZv
ev c~‡e©i cÖwZôv‡b wd‡i Av‡m|
ZvB cÖwZôv‡bi GKwU †KŠkj cÖwZôv Kiv `iKvi †h, Zviv we‡`‡k Ae¯’vbKv‡j g~j¨evb AwfÁZv AR©b Ki‡e Ges
Zv (i) wbR †`‡k hv NU‡Q Zvi mv‡_ mgš^q Ki‡e Ges (ii) wbR †`‡k cÖwZôv‡bi KvD‡K Zvi mv‡_ mshy³ Ki‡Z
n‡e †hb Zvi AwfÁZv †_‡K mshy³ Kg©x wb‡Ri Kvh©m¤úv`b evo‡Z cv‡i| we‡`‡k KvR w`‡q †cÖwiZ Kg©x‡`i‡K
wewb‡qv‡Mi `„wó‡KvY †_‡K wePvi Ki‡Z n‡e| Zv‡`i‡K KvR w`‡q we‡`‡k cvVv‡Z cÖwZôvb‡K †ek wKQz A_©
wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q †hb Zviv e¨w³MZfv‡e I †ckvMZfv‡e wb‡R‡`i AviI Dbœqb NUv‡Z cv‡i| cieZx©Kv‡j
Zv‡`i‡K wbR †`‡k G‡m wb‡Ri cÖwZôv‡b Zv wewbgq Ki‡Z n‡e| GwU bv K‡i hw` mswkøó Kg©x cÖwZ‡hvMx †Kv‡bv
cÖwZôv‡b †hvM`vb K‡i Zvi AwR©Z AwfÁZv I †ckv`vwiZ¡ Kv‡R jvMvq Zv n‡j cy‡e©i cÖwZôvbwU wewb‡qv‡Mi w`K
†_‡K ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡e| we‡`k †diZ Kg©xi Ávb I AwfÁZv cÖwZ‡hvMx cÖwZôv‡bi wbKU LyeB g~j¨evb| KviY
cÖwZ‡hvMx cÖwZôvb we‡`‡k e¨emvq ïiæ Ki‡Z hv‡”Q|
myZivs ejv hvq †h, we‡`k †_‡K Kg©x‡`i‡K wdwi‡q G‡b †hb cÖwZôv‡bi Kv‡R jvMv‡bv hvq, †m Rb¨ cwjwm I
†KŠkj MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| Ab¨_vq, cÖwZôv‡bi wewb‡qvM bó n‡e Ges ÿwZi m¤§yLxb n‡e| G‡Z K‡i cÖwZ‡hvMx
cÖwZôvb jvfevb n‡e|

‡gw·‡Kv I KvbvWv
Mexico & Canada
‡gw·‡Kv I KvbvWv n‡jv hy³iv‡óªi mxgvšÍeZ©x †`k Ges cÖavb evwYwR¨K Askx`vi| G `yB †`‡ki gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbv hy³iv‡óªi gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv n‡Z my¯úófv‡eB Avjv`v| hy³iv‡óª PvKwii ˆelg¨ †bB, Aby‡gvw`ZI
bq wKš‘ †gw·‡Kv‡Z GwU wbqš¿Ynxb| m¤úªwZ †gw·‡Kv‡Z wW‡cv g¨v‡bRvi c‡` †jvK wb‡qv‡Mi weÁvcb †`Iqv nq
Ges ejv nq 26 eQ‡ii bx‡P bq Ges 38 eQ‡ii Dc‡i bq| hw`I H †`‡ki msweav‡b G ai‡bi ‰elg¨ wbwl×
Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZôv‡bi gvwjKMY wKQz welq eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e D‡jøL K‡i weÁvcb †`q| †hgb: wbw`©ó eqm, wj½u,
ˆeevwnK Ae¯’v A_ev Kv‡Ri mv‡_ m¤ú„³ bq Ggb wKQz ˆewkó¨ _vK‡Z n‡e| Avevi gwnjv cÖv_©x‡`i Qwe PvIqv
nq| G Rb¨ †h, wZwb †`L‡Z †Kgb, mykÖx wKbv| Z‡e †gw·‡Kv‡Z cyiæl‡`i‡KB †ewk ¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv nq|
Ab¨w`‡K, KvbvWv †gw·‡Kvi wVK wecixZ| PvKwi‡ÿ‡Î ˆelg¨ G‡Kev‡iB Aby‡gvw`Z bq| ZvQvov PvKwi †_‡K webv
Kvi‡Y ev Ab¨vqfv‡e KvD‡K Ae¨vnwZ †`Iqv hv‡e bv| †mLv‡b cÖvq kZKiv 90 Rb KvbvWvevmx Av‡gwiKvq cÖvq
60 gvBj Ry‡o mxgvšÍ GjvKvq evm K‡i| A_P Zviv PvKwii †ÿ‡Î AviI †ewk myiÿv cvq| KvbvWv PvKwii †ÿ‡Î
“Doctrine of employment at will” A_©vr, Ògvwj‡Ki B”Qvaxb welq- hLb Lywk, ZLb QuvUvBÓ bxwZ‡Z wek¦vm K‡i
bv| QuvUvB Ki‡Z n‡j †hŠw³Kfv‡e †bvwUk Ki‡Z n‡e Ges AvBbvbyhvqx PvKwii eQi wnmve K‡i mswkøó Kg©x‡K A_©
cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡e| †mLv‡b mvaviYZ GK eQ‡i GK gvm aiv nq PvKwi †_‡K Ae¨vnwZi mg‡q| Gfv‡e hZ eQi
ZZ gv‡mi †eZb w`‡Z nq| ZvQvov, eQi c~wZ©i Rb¨ GK mßv‡ni AvbycvwZK A_© gvwjKMY w`‡q _v‡K|
gvwjK‡`i‡K Aek¨B 52 mßvn wcZ…Z¡Kvjxb I gvZ…ZK ¡ vjwb QzwU w`‡Z nq| G Qvov 2004 mv‡j “Labour
Standard Act in 2004” cvk Kiv nq| †mLv‡b Kg©x‡`i Dci Kvh©‡ÿ‡Î Ògb¯ÍvwË¡K wbcxobÓ “Psychological
Harassment” wbwl× Kiv nq|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-223
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

Pvqbv / Pxb
China
Px‡bi RbmsL¨vi cwigvY cÖvq 130 †KvwU| G †`kwU 2001 mv‡j Òwek¦ evwYR¨ ms¯’vÓ (WTO) -‡Z †hvM`vb K‡i|
†mLv‡b GwU wbwðZ nq †h, ÒeûRvwZK ms¯’vÓ (MNC) -‡K Px‡bi ivóªxq gvwjKvbvaxb cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ Askx`vi
n‡Z n‡e bv| Px‡b ÒeûRvwZK ms¯’vÓ Gi msL¨v cÖPzi| †hLvb †_‡K wPb cÖPzi Avq K‡i Ges A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb
mvab K‡i| †h mKj abx cÖwZôvb Px‡bi abx A_©bxwZi my‡hvM MÖn‡Y GwM‡q Av‡m, Zviv gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv
(HRM) wb‡q Lye mgm¨vq c‡o| e¯‘Z: Px‡bi †h HwZn¨MZ ms¯‹…wZ i‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b Px‡bi †ÿ‡ÎB gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbv h‡_vchy³| Px‡b †hLv‡b eQ‡i cuvP wgwjqb MÖvRy‡qU wWwMÖ wb‡q †ei nq| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ AwaKvskB
cvðv‡Z¨i eûRvwZK †Kv¤úvwb‡Z PvKwi Kivi Dchy³ bq| GK Rwi‡c †`Lv †M‡Q †h, Px‡b wek¦we`¨vjq
MÖvRy‡qU‡`i ga¨ †_‡K gvÎ kZKiv 10 fvM eûRvwZK ms¯’vq KvR Kivi †hvM¨Zv iv‡L| Gi KviY n‡jv: fvlvMZ
`ÿZv, AvšÍ:e¨w³K `ÿZv, `‡j KvR Kivi †hvM¨Zv Ges †gŠwjK wkÿv Gi Afve i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i g‡a¨| †ewk
mgm¨v n‡jv ga¨g I D”P ch©v‡qi e¨e¯’vcK c‡`i cÖv_©x‡`i wb‡q| Zviv 1966 †_‡K 1976 ch©šÍ wkÿv e¨e¯’vi
wkKvi|
Px‡b eûRvwZK †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡Z PvKwii A‡bK my‡hvM i‡q‡Q wKš‘ †m Zzjbvq †hvM¨ cÖv_©xi msL¨v Kg| d‡j hviv
†hvM¨, Zviv D”PZi †eZ‡b PvKwi K‡ib| Avi we‡`‡k hviv cov‡jLv K‡i _v‡K, Zviv ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB †ewk †eZb
cÖZ¨vkv Ki‡e| Z‡e Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †ewkifvMB Px‡b wdi‡Z AvMÖnx bq| Zviv A‡bKUv cvðvZ¨ ms¯‹…wZ‡Z Af¨¯Í n‡q
hvq| hw`I †Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwb `ÿ †Kv‡bv Pxbv bvMwiK‡K wb‡qvM w`‡Z cv‡i, whwb ev hviv Px‡b †Kv¤úvwbi n‡q
e¨emvq cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z mÿg, Zv‡`i‡K a‡i ivLv me‡P‡q eo P¨v‡jÄ| KviY, A‡bK †ewk †eZ‡b Zv‡`i‡K Ab¨
†Kv¤úvwb WvK‡Z _v‡K| Z‡e `ÿ I †hvM¨ Kg©x‡K a‡i ivLvi wKQz Dcv`vb i‡q‡Q, hv we‡ePbv Ki‡j gvwjK
mdjZvi mv‡_ Kg©x‡K a‡i ivL‡Z cvi‡e| †m¸‡jv n‡jv :
(i) mycvifvBRv‡ii mv‡_ Kg©xi fv‡jv m¤úK©| KviY Px‡bi mgvR ev ms¯‹…wZ LyeB AbyMZcÖeY| Zviv eo‡`i kÖ×v
K‡i| KZ…©cÿ‡K gv‡b Ges cwievi‡Kw›`ªK| †h Kg©xi mycvifvBRv‡ii mv‡_ fv‡jv m¤úK© M‡o D‡V, wZwb ev Zviv
wb‡R‡K cÖwZôv‡bi g‡b K‡i Ges cÖwZôvb †Q‡o P‡j hvIqvi SuywK Kg|
(ii) wØZxq Dcv`vb n‡jv: gvwj‡Ki m¤§vb| KviY Pxbv bvMwiKM‡Yi eª¨vÛ-m‡PZbZv ms¯‹…wZ i‡q‡Q| Zviv ¯^bvgab¨
we‡`kx †Kv¤úvwb‡Z KvR Ki‡Z cQ›` K‡i, †`wk †Kv¤úvwb‡Z bq| G iKg msL¨v kZKiv cÖvq 75 fvM|
(iii) Z…Zxq KviY n‡jv: Dbœq‡bi my‡hvM| A_©vr Pxbv ms¯‹…wZi GKwU cÖavb Dcv`vb n‡jv Òwkÿv I wb‡Ri Dbœqb|Ó
Zviv Kvh©‡ÿ‡Î P¨v‡jÄ I my‡hvM‡K Dc‡fvM K‡i| Zviv mgm¨v I wkÿv wb‡q eÜzevÜe, mnKg©x, cwiev‡ii
m`m¨‡`i mv‡_ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv K‡i| Zviv cÖKí †_‡K Kx wkÿv MÖnY Ki‡Q Zv wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ Qwo‡q †`q|
(iv) PZz_© Dcv`b n‡jv: †eZb| Pxbv Kg©xiv Zv‡`i `ÿZv m¤ú‡K© AeMZ Ges eZ©gvb Kg©x‡`i evRvi m¤ú‡K©I
AeMZ| ZvB Zv‡`i cÖZ¨vkvI †miKg| Px‡bi hye †kÖYxi `ÿ Kg©xiv DrmvwnZKiYwfwËK †eZb cwiKíbv cQ›`
K‡i|
(v) PvKwi‡Z _vKvi Av‡iKwU Dcv`vb n‡jv: c‡`i UvB‡Uj ev c‡`i bvg| KviY Zviv gh©v`v-m‡PZb| myZivs
`vwqZ¡mn c‡`i bvg Zv‡`i wbKU Lye ¸iæZ¡c~Y|© c`we (Job Title) Zv‡`i wbKU Kvh©m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ cÖ`Ë †evbv‡mi
g‡ZvB GKwU e¨vcvi|

fviZ
India
Px‡bi g‡ZvB fvi‡Zi Ae¯’v| †mLv‡b †jvKmsL¨v cÖvq 150 †KvwU| Zv‡`i i‡q‡Q `ªæZ ea©bkxj A_©bxwZ| Zviv
wek¦ A_©bxwZi Dbœq‡b GKRb Ab¨Zg †L‡jvqvo wn‡m‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i A_©bxwZ‡Z i‡q‡Q eûmsL¨K

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-224
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

eûRvwZK ms¯’v hviv fvi‡Zi A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Ae`vb ivL‡Q| Z_vwc fvi‡Z cÖwZôvb gvwjK‡`i gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbv msµvšÍ wKQz P¨v‡jÄ i‡q‡Q hv Gwkqvi Ab¨vb¨ †`k †_‡K GwU‡K Avjv`v K‡i‡Q|
Px‡bi mv‡_ fvi‡Zi Zzjbv Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h, fvi‡Z wkwÿZ †kÖwY eûRvwZK †Kv¤úvwb‡Z PvKwi Kivi Rb¨ †hvM¨
I fv‡jvfv‡e cÖ¯‘Z| †mLv‡b cÖwZ eQi 22 wgwjqb wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K MÖvRy‡qU wWwMÖ wb‡q †ei nq hvi GK
Z…Zxqvs‡ki e¨vKMÖvDÛ n‡jv weÁvb I BwÄwbqvwis| †m Kvi‡Y fvi‡Zi AvBwmwU I e¨emvq Gi †ÿ‡Î AvDU‡mvwm©s
Gi ¸iæ ev †bZv ˆZwi nq| Zviv G †ÿ‡Î wek¦‡K †bZ…Z¡ w`‡”Q| fvi‡Zi KvwiMix cÖwkÿYcÖvß e„nr Kvh©kw³ _vKv
m‡Ë¡I `ÿ kÖ‡gi Pvwn`v †ewk| A_©vr `ÿ †jv‡Ki Afve i‡q‡Q| cÖwZôv‡bi gvwjK‡`i g‡a¨ `ÿ †jvK wb‡qv‡Mi
Rb¨ memgq cÖwZ‡hvMxZv †j‡MB _v‡K|
fvi‡Z e¨emvq Kivi GKwU eo P¨v‡jÄ n‡jv Sv‡gjv m„wó Kiv AvBb I c×wZ; †hLv‡b GKk Gi †ewk AvBb
i‡q‡Q hvi ¯úó e¨vL¨v †bB| †mLv‡b i‡q‡Q †dWv‡ij I †÷U miKvi` hviv PvKwimsµvšÍ I kÖgmsµvšÍ welq¸‡jv
†`‡L _v‡K| G AvBb¸‡jv‡Z ejv Av‡Q cÖwZeQi wb‡qvM I kÖgmsµvšÍ welq¸‡jv miKvi‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z nq Ges
ixwZg‡Zv Aby‡gv`b Kwi‡q wb‡Z nq| cÖ‡Z¨K gvwjK‡K GKivk wb‡`©wkKvmn AvbyôvwbK AbygwZcÎ miKv‡ii wbKU
†_‡K msMÖn Ki‡Z nq| †Kv‡bv Kg©x‡K QuvUvB Kiv mnR KvR bq Ges G Rb¨ eûwea cÖwµqv AbymiY Ki‡Z nq|
†mLv‡b h_vh_ KviY D‡jøL Ki‡Z nq| `ye¨© envi‡K ‰ea KviY wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv n‡jI wb¤œ Kvh©m¤úv`b‡K
QuvUvB‡qi KviY wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq bv| QuvUvB‡qi †ÿ‡Î gvwjK‡K †gvU †eZ‡bi 35% GKKvjxb A_© cwi‡kva
Ki‡Z nq| GQvovI i‡q‡Q “Contributory Providend Fund”- †hLv‡b 12% gvwjK I 12% Kg©xi †eZb ev gRywi
†_‡K †`Iqv nq| evrmwiK QzwUI gÄyi Ki‡Z nq| fvi‡Z msweav‡b ag©, RvwZ, eY©, wj½ ev Rb¥¯’vb cÖf…wZi Dci
wfwË K‡i PvKwi‡Z ˆelg¨ iwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, we‡kl K‡i miKvwi cÖwZôv‡b| wj½wfwËK cwi‡kva ˆelg¨‡KI wbwl×
Kiv n‡q‡Q| Equal Remuneration Act of 48 Øviv| Z‡e Maternity Benefit Act of 1961 Øviv 12 mßvn
gvZ…Z¡Kvjxb QywU Aby‡gv`b Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e eûwea ms¯‹…wZi Øviv Ave„Z cyiæl cÖavb mgv‡R bvix‡`i †ckv Dbœqb
mvaviY PvKwi msµvšÍ my‡hvM mxwgZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Px‡bi g‡Zv fvi‡ZI `ÿ Kg©x a‡i ivLv KwVb| KviY, mieiv‡ni
†P‡q Pvwn`v †ewk| fvi‡ZI `ÿ I cÖwkwÿZ ga¨g ch©v‡qi g¨v‡bRv‡ii Afve i‡q‡Q| ZvB ZvivI we‡`wk Kg©x‡`i
Dci wbf©ikxj| KviY AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡bB gvbe m¤ú` Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖPzi mgq e¨q Ki‡Z nq, we‡kl K‡i Kg©x
msMÖn, wbe©vPb I Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó KvR †hLv‡b †KŠkjMZ Bmy¨ Lye KgB Av‡Q|

wek^ evRv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki †KŠkj mg~n eY©bv Kiæb Ges G evRv‡i wU‡K _vK‡Z n‡j Kx Kx welq
wkÿv_©xi KvR :
m¤ú‡K© e¨e¯’vcK‡`i we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e Zv LvZvq wjLyb|

mvims‡ÿc:
wek^ gvbe m¤ú‡`i wewfbœ Bmy¨mg~n we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb: we‡`‡k Kgx© wb‡qv‡Mi D‡Ïk¨ Kx, we‡`‡ki Rb¨
Kgx© Kxfv‡e wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e, Kgx©‡`i cwievi m¤ú‡K© Kx wPšÍv Kiv n‡e, we‡`‡k Kg©iZ Kgx©‡`i Kvh©µg
Kxfv‡e g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e, Zv‡`i gRywi I †eZb Kxfv‡e wba©vwiZ n‡e BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© aviYv cvIqv hvq G cvV
†_‡K| wek^ gvbe m¤ú` Bmy¨¸‡jvi g‡a¨ PviwU G¨v‡cÖvP Av‡jvPbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, hv cvj©gyUvi I wnbvb
w`‡q‡Qb| G¨v‡cÖvP¸‡jv n‡jv: (i) GK ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ Ab¨ ms¯‹…wZi Zzjbv, (ii) eûgvwÎK ms¯‹…wZ (iii) AvÂwjK
ms¯‹…wZ I (iv) †fŠMwjK ms¯‹…wZ| G¸‡jv cÖwZôv‡bi cwjwm wba©viY I cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î mnvqZv K‡i|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-225
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

cvV-13.3 evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qvM; cÖ‡qv‡Mi cÖK…wZ;

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi `ÿZv wba©vi‡Yi Dcv`vbmg~n
Strategic HRM Practices in Bangladesh; Nature of SHRM; Factor of
Determining the EffDciency of SHRM in Bangladesh

D‡Ïk¨

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qvM m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb;

cÖ‡qv‡Mi cÖK…wZ m¤ú‡K© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi `ÿZv wba©vi‡Yi Dcv`vbmg~n eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qvM

Strategic HRM Practices in Bangladesh
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z GKwU myôz gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wm‡÷g cÖwZôv Kivi Rb¨ KZ¸‡jv †KŠkjMZ w`K
i‡q‡Q hv cÖwZôv‡b cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| e¨e¯’vcbv KZ…c
© ÿ‡K †m¸‡jv evQvB K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| wb‡P †KŠkjMZ
cQ›`mg~n Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv :
1| cwjwm MVb (Policy Formulation) : evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcKMY‡K
mwVK gvbe m¤ú` cwjwm MVb Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY, †`Lv †M‡Q †h, AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡bB djcÖm~ gvbe m¤ú` cwjwm
†bB| myZivs cÖwZôv‡b Kvh©vewj mvewjjfv‡e m¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨ GKwU my›`i I MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvbe m¤ú` cwjwm
Riæwi|
2| cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿÎ m¤úªmviY (Expansion of Area of Application) : cwjwm cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿÎmg~n we¯Í…Z n‡Z
n‡e| ZvB †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv‡K wm×všÍ wb‡Z n‡e †h, †Kvb †Kvb †ÿ‡Î gvbe m¤ú` cwjwm cÖ‡qvM
Ki‡Z n‡e| Zv bv n‡j cyivZb cwjwmB cyivZbfv‡e Pj‡Z _vK‡e|
3| cwjwm ev¯Íevqb (Implementation of Pollicies) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` cwjwm MV‡bi ci Zv
ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| GKevi cwjwmmg~n
myôzfv‡e ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡j cieZx©Kv‡j Avi †Kv‡bv mgm¨v n‡e bv|
4| djcÖm~ cwiexÿY (Effective Monitoring) : GwU †KŠkjMZ cQ‡›`i me©‡kl avc| Gch©v‡q †KŠkjMZ
gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡K cÖ‡qvMK…Z cwjwmi mwVK ev¯Íevqb n‡”Q wK bv Zv h_vh_fv‡e cwiexÿY Ki‡Z n‡e|
G‡Z cwjwmi hw` †Kv‡bv `ye©jZv _v‡K ev ev¯Íevq‡bi †Kv‡bv evav _v‡K, †m¸‡jv wPwýZ n‡e| cieZx©Kv‡j †m¸‡jv
ms‡kvab K‡i cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e| A_©vr, fwel¨‡Z my›`i gvbe m¤ú` cwjwm ˆZwi I cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ djcÖm~ cwiexÿY
cÖ‡qvRb| Z‡e G Rb¨ cÖwZôv‡bi gvwjK I e¨e¯’vcbv‡K cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZ A½xKvie× n‡Z n‡e|

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi cÖK…wZ

Nature of Strategic HRM Practices in Bangladesh
evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi cÖK…wZ wb‡P Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv :
1| Kg‡ewk `ÿ e¨e¯’vcbv (More or Less Efficient Management) : evsjv‡`k GKwU Dbœqbkxj †`k| gvÎ
K‡qK eQi a‡i †`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv Pvjy Kiv n‡q‡Q| †`‡ki me cÖwZôv‡bB GwU GLbI
e¨vcKnv‡i cÖ‡qvM Kiv nqwb| gvÎ wKQz cÖwZôv‡bB GwU cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| d‡j Zviv mdjfv‡e gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbvi KvR m¤úbœ Ki‡Z cvi‡Q| ZvB ejv hvq †h, evsjv‡`‡k Kg‡ewk `ÿ e¨e¯’vcbv we`¨gvb|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-226
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

2| Kg-‡ewk A½uxKvive× Kgx©MY (More or Less Committed Employees) : evsjv‡`‡k Kg©xiv Zv‡`i
cÖwZôvb ev gvwj‡Ki cÖwZ Kg‡ewk A½uxKvive×| Zviv cÖwZôv‡bi DbœwZi Rb¨ Zv‡`i me©vZ¥K cÖ‡Póv cÖ‡qvM K‡i
_v‡K| Zviv g‡b K‡i †h, Zv‡`i mdjZv gv‡bB cÖwZôv‡bi mdjZv| myZivs †`Lv hvq †h, AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡bi
Kg©xMYB cÖwZôv‡bi Kj¨v‡Yi cÖwZ A½uxKvive×|
3| Kg‡ewk `ÿ Kg©xMY (More or Less Skilled Employees) : evsjv‡`k GKwU Dbœqbkxj I †QvU †`k| wKš‘
AvqZ‡bi Zzjbvq †jvK msL¨v A‡bK †ewk| GLv‡b wkÿv cÖwZôvb I cÖwkÿY Bbw÷wUD‡Ui msL¨v I ¸YMZ gvb
D‡jøL‡hvM¨ bq| ZvB evsjv‡`‡k cÖPzi A`ÿ I Avav`ÿ †jvK i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ hviv `ÿ, Zviv Zv‡`i KvR Lye `ÿZvi
mv‡_ I djcÖm~fv‡e m¤úbœ Ki‡Z cvi‡Q|
4| miKvwi Pvc †ewk (More Pressure form Government) : evsjv‡`‡k miKvwi-‡emiKvwi meLv‡bB
miKv‡ii n¯Í‡ÿc i‡q‡Q| Z‡e miKvwi cÖwZôv‡bB miKv‡ii Pvc †ewk| Avevi, wKQz cÖwZôv‡b wm,we,G (CBA)
A_©vr `iKlvKwl cÖwZwbwa i‡q‡Q hviv Zv‡`i wm×všÍ ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ cÖwZôv‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv I miKvi‡K Pvc w`‡q
_v‡K| G w`K †_‡K cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cwjwm ev¯Íevq‡b GKUz mgm¨v i‡q‡Q|
5| miKvi †_‡K wm×všÍ Av‡m (Decisions Come from the Government) : evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î GKwU mgm¨v n‡jv: AwaKvsk wm×všÍ miKvi †_‡K Av‡m hv
cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z †M‡j †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cwjwm ev¯Íevq‡b mgm¨v †`Lv †`q| G‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi Dci †bwZevPK cÖfve c‡o|
6| D”P gvÎvq Awbqg PP©v (High Degree of Irregularities) : evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z KL‡bvB
wbqwgZfv‡e †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qvM ev PP©v K‡i bv| Kg©KZ©vMY G e¨vcv‡i LyeB D`vmxb I
AwbqwgZ| d‡j †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cwjwm cÖ‡qv‡Mi mydj †_‡K cÖwZôvb ewÂZ nq|
7| Revew`wn Áv‡bi Afve (Lack of Sense of Accountability) : cÖwZôv‡bi mdjZvi Rb¨ Revew`wnZvi
Ávb _vKv Riæwi| KviY, Revew`wnZvB e¨e¯’vcbv I Kg©x‡`i‡K mwVK c‡_ KvR Ki‡Z eva¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z
e¨e¯’vcbv mwVK wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡k cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z Revew`wnZvi Afv‡e †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZ cÖ‡qv‡M mgm¨v †`Lv †`q|
8| miKvwi cÖwZôv‡b gvbe m¤ú` cwjwmi Afve (Lack of Human Resource Policy in Public
Enterprises) : evsjv‡`‡k wewfbœ wel‡q wewfbœ cwjwm i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ `yf©vM¨Rb‡K n‡jI mwZ¨ †h, evsjv‡`‡ki
miKvwi cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z gvbe m¤ú` m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv mywbw`©ó cwjwm †bB| wKQz †emiKvwi cÖwZôv‡b mxwgZvKv‡i
gvbe m¤ú` cwjwm AbymiY Kiv nq| G‡Z Zviv mdjI n‡”Q| wKš‘ miKvwi cÖwZôv‡b wbw`©ó K‡i †Kv‡bv Kg©x
msMÖn, wbe©vPb, cÖwkÿY, †eZb, gRywi I Ab¨vb¨ my‡hvM-myweav msµvšÍ †Kv‡bv wbqgbxwZ AbymiY Kiv nq bv|
9| kÖwgK ms‡Ni Pvc (Pressure of Trade Union) : evsjv‡`‡ki AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡b kÖwgKmsN i‡q‡Q| Zviv
cÖwZôv‡b MYZvwš¿K PP©v †_‡K A‡bK `~‡i Ae¯’vb K‡i| A_©vr, Zv‡`i A‰bwZK Pv‡c c‡o †Kv‡bv mwVK bxwZ
MYZvwš¿K Dcv‡q cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z cv‡i bv cÖwZôv‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv KZ…c
© ÿ| G‡Z cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbv PP©v evavMÖ¯Í nq|
10| ivR‰bwZK Pvc (Political Presure) : cÖwZôv‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv KZ…c
© ÿ‡K wewfbœ wel‡q AhvwPZ ev A‰ea
ivR‰bwZK Pvc †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z nq| we‡kl K‡i miKvwi cÖwZôv‡b †Zv GwU N‡UB| d‡j G mKj cÖwZôvb
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZ cÖ‡qv‡M evavMÖ¯Í nq|
11| `ªæZ wm×v‡šÍi Afve (Lack of Quick Decesion) : cÖwZôv‡bi A‡bK wel‡qB `ªæZ wm×v‡šÍi `iKvi nq|
we‡kl K‡i miKvwi Drcv`bKvix cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z| wKš‘ †mLv‡b gvbe m¤ú` cwjwm G iKg †h, cÖ‡qvRb n‡jI
e¨e¯’vcKMY `ªæZ wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| hw`I †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv e¨e¯’vcK‡`i‡K G my‡hvM

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-227
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

†`Iqv n‡q _v‡K| G‡Z cÖwZôv‡bi Kvh©vewj myôyfv‡e m¤úvw`Z n‡e| wKš‘ `yt‡Li welq n‡jv miKvwi
cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv h_vixwZ AbymiY Kiv nq bv|
12| me ai‡bi m¤ú‡`i Abychy³ e¨envi (Improper Utilization of All Resources) : evsjv‡`‡ki
cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi GKwU ˆewkó¨ n‡jv m¤ú‡`i Abychy³ e¨envi| Ae‡njvq †nvK Avi †h †Kv‡bv Kvi‡YB †nvK
cÖwZôv‡bi mKj ai‡bi m¤ú`‡K h‡_vchy³ e¨envi Kiv nq bv| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq m¤ú‡`i
Dchy³ e¨envi wbwðZ Kiv nq|
13| Dchy³ cwi‡e‡ki Afve (Lack of Proper Environment) : cÖwZwU Kv‡Ri cÖwZwU w`‡K cwi‡ek ¸iæZ¡ c~Y©
f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K| Avgv‡`i Pviw`‡Ki cwi‡ek AbyK~j I cÖwZK~j Dfqfv‡eB Kv‡Ri Dci cÖfve †d‡j|
GKBfv‡e, Kvh©‡ÿ‡Î gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡ÎI cwi‡ek cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i| myZivs †`Lv hvq †h,
evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi cwi‡e‡ki Afve i‡q‡Q|
14| kÖwgK-e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ mym¤ú‡K©i Afve (Lack of Proper Labour-Management Relations)
:mvaviYfv‡e †`Lv hvq †h, evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z kÖwgK-e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ fv‡jv m¤ú‡K©i Afve i‡q‡Q|
Avi ZvB gv‡S g‡a¨B cÖwZôv‡b kÖwgK Am‡šÍv‡li g‡Zv NUbv N‡U _v‡K| G‡Z Drcv`bmn mKj Kvh©µg m¤úv`‡b
weNœ N‡U| e¨e¯’vcbv g‡b K‡i kÖwgKMY Zv‡`i wec‡ÿ, Ab¨w`‡K kÖwgKMY g‡b K‡i e¨e¯’vcbv Avgv‡`i fv‡jv Pvq
bv| G‡nb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †Kv‡bv ai‡bi e¨e¯’vcbvi KvRB myôzfv‡e Pj‡Z cv‡i bv| A_©vr, G mgm¨v †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡ÎI evavi m„wó K‡i _v‡K|
15| †KŠkjMZ K‡c©v‡iU ms¯‹…wZi Afve (Lack of Corporate Strategic Culture) : †KŠkjMZ K‡c©v‡iU
ms¯‹…wZ ej‡Z eySvq Ggb Ae¯’v‡K †hLv‡b gvbe m¤ú‡`i g~j¨‡eva, wek¦vm, gZvgZ I AvPiY‡K we‡ePbv Kiv nq|
Kg©x‡`i wbKU †_‡K AbyK~j AvPiY †c‡Z n‡j Zv‡`i‡K g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e| Gfv‡e K‡c©v‡iU ms¯‹…wZ cÖwZôv
Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡eB Kg©xiv mw¤§wjZfv‡e cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ KvR Ki‡e|
16| Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ AbvbyôvwbK m¤úK© we`¨gvb (Existence of Informal Relations Among the Employees) :
evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK cÖwZôv‡bB Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ AvbyôvwbK m¤ú‡K©i cvkvcvwk AbvbyôvwbK m¤úK© we`¨gvb| G
m¤ú‡K©i Kvi‡Y A‡bK KwVb KvR mn‡R m¤úv`b Kiv m¤¢e nq| c‡`vbœwZ, e`wj, my‡hvM-myweav Av`vq, †eZb I
gRywi cÖf…wZi †ÿ‡Î AbvbyôvwbK m¤úK© Riæwi| G‡Z Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨I mym¤úK© M‡o D‡V I eRvq _v‡K|

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv `ÿZv wba©vi‡Yi Dcv`vbmg~n

Factors Determining the EffDciency of SHRM in Bangladesh
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv `ÿ wK bv, Zv cwigv‡ci Rb¨ KZK¸‡jv Dcv`vb
i‡q‡Q| wb‡P G¸‡jv eY©bv Kiv n‡jv:
1| kÖwgK‡`i mvwe©K Drcv`bkxjZv (Total Labour Productivity) : kÖwgK‡`i Drcv`bkxjZvi Rb¨
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z cÖ‡qvMK…Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖfvweZ nq| KuvPvgvj I Drcv`‡bi
AbycvwZK nviB n‡jv Drcv`bkxjZv| myZivs Drcv`b †ewk n‡j eyS‡Z n‡e †h, Drcv`bkxjZv †ewk| G ch©vq
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mdjZv wb‡`©k K‡i| myZivs Drcv`bkxjZv w`‡q †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbvi `ÿZv cwigvc Kiv hvq|
2| `ÿ Kg©x‡`i Dcw¯’wZ (Presence of EffDcient Employee) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qvM
Ki‡Z n‡j cÖwZôv‡b `ÿ Kg©x _vK‡Z n‡e| ZvB cÖwZwU cÖwZôv‡bB `ÿ Kg©xiv n‡jv g~j¨evb m¤ú`|
3| kÖwgK-e¨e¯’vcbv m¤ú‡K©i cÖK…wZ (Nature of Labour-Management Relations) : kÖwgK e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨
m¤ú‡K©i cÖK…wZi Dci †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qvM I mdjZv wbf©i K‡i| G‡`i g‡a¨ Lvivc m¤úK©

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-228
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

¯’vwcZ n‡j Zv Drcv`‡bi Dci cÖwZK~j cÖfve †dj‡e| G‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qvM I mdjZv
wewNœZ n‡e| myZivs kÖwgK I e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ fv‡jv m¤úK© M‡o †Zvj‡Z n‡e| evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z kÖwgK
I e¨e¯’vcbvi ga¨Kvi m¤úK© A‡bKvs‡kB fv‡jv|
4| cÖwkÿ‡Yi cwigvY (Volume of Training) : †h †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ cÖwkÿY GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb|
cÖwkwÿZ Kg©x‡`i wbKU †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cwjwm cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡j Zv AwaK Kvh©Ki nq| myZivs
cÖwkÿY n‡jv †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi `ÿZvR©b Z_v mdjZv AR©‡bi g~j Dcv`vb| evsjv‡`‡k
cÖwkÿ‡Yi msKU i‡q‡Q|
5| gvbe m¤ú‡`i e¨envi (Utilization of HR) : gvbe m¤ú`B n‡jv g~j Dcv`vb hvi gva¨‡g †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZ cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| hw` †`Lv hvq †h, cÖwZôv‡bi mKj gvbe m¤ú‡`i h‡_vchy³ e¨envi n‡”Q,
Zv n‡j eyS‡Z n‡e †h, †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv `ÿ|
6| kÖg N~Y©b nvi (Frequency of Labour Turnover) : Nb Nb kÖwgK-Kg©x P‡j †M‡j ev Avm‡j me©¯‡Í iB Gi
cÖfve c‡o| A_©vr, mKj ¯Í‡ii kÖwgK-Kg©x‡`i Kv‡RB weNœ N‡U| G‡Z Zv‡`i `ÿZv K‡g hvq| kÖg NyYb© Kg n‡j
e¨e¯’vcbvi c‡ÿ `ÿZv AR©b Kiv mnR nq|
7| Kg©x‡`i †mev cÖ`v‡bi cÖ‡Póv (Effort for Employees Services) : cÖwZôv‡bi Kvh©m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ Kg©x‡`i
Kg©cÖ‡Póv Lye Riæwi| KviY Zv‡`i Kg© cÖ‡PóvB cÖwZôv‡bi jÿ¨vR©b Z_v gybvdv AR©‡bi g~j nvwZqvi|

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qvM I `ÿZv wba©viY-Gi Dcv`vb m¤ú‡K©
wkÿv_©xi KvR :
LvZvq wjLyb|

mvims‡ÿc:
evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GwU Ki‡Z
e¨e¯’vcK‡`i‡K wKQz KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb: cÖwZôv‡bi mywbw`©ó cwjwm MVb Ki‡Z n‡e, cwjwm cÖ‡qv‡Mi
m¤úªmviY †ÿÎ wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e, AZtci cwjwm ev¯Íevq‡bi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| evsjv‡`‡ki
cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi cÖK…wZ n‡jv: evsjv‡`‡ki gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv
†gvUvgywU `ÿ, Kgx©‡`i g‡a¨ msKí Av‡Q fv‡jv wKQz Kivi| Z‡e G †`‡k wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î miKvwi wbqg-bxwZi Pvc
Av‡Q, miKvwi cÖwZôv‡b ch©vß gvbe m¤ú` cwjwm †bB, miKvwi cÖwZôv‡b `ªæZ wm×všÍ †bIqv hvq bv cÖf…wZ
welq¸‡jv e¨e¯’vcK‡`i‡K gv_vq ivL‡Z n‡e| evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv `ÿ wK bv Zv Rvbv
hv‡e K‡qKwU Dcv`vb we‡kølY K‡iB| †hgb: kÖwgK-Kgx©‡`i Drcv`bkxjZv, `ÿ kÖwgK‡`i Dcw¯’wZ, kÖwgK-
e¨e¯’vcbv m¤úK© cÖf…wZ|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-229
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

cvV-13.4 evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mgm¨v; mgm¨v DËi‡Yi

Dcvqmg~n; evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq mdjZvi Dcvq
Problems of SHRM in Bangladesh; Means to overcome the problems; Means of
success of SHRM in Bangladesh

D‡Ïk¨

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mgm¨v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb;

mgm¨v DËi‡Yi Dcvqmg~n m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq mdjZvi Dcvq m¤ú‡K© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mgm¨v

Problems of SHRM in Bangladesh
evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b cÖ‡qvMK…Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wKQz mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡”Q ev mgm¨vq
fyM‡Q| wb‡P G¸‡jv Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv:
1| †ckvMZ e¨e¯’vcbvi Afve (Lack of Professional Management) : evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ
gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZ cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ h‡_ó cwigvY †ckvMZ e¨e¯’vcbv †bB| G Kvi‡Y †KŠkjMZ wewfbœ
Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î mwVK wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv hv‡”Q bv|
2| `ÿ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki Afve (Lack of Skilled HR Manager) :evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ `ÿ e¨e¯’vc‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb nq| wKš‘ G †`‡k `ÿ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki
h‡_ó Afve i‡q‡Q| gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© `vwqZ¡ n‡jv mwVK I `ÿ Rbkw³ wb‡qvM †`Iqv|
hw` Zv bv nq, Zv n‡j cÖwZôv‡bi Kvh©µg mwVKfv‡e m¤úvw`Z n‡e bv| myZivs cÖwZôv‡b `ÿ e¨e¯’vcK _vK‡Z
n‡e|
3| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbvi Afve (Lack of SHR Planning) : evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z Kg©x
msMÖn, wbe©vPb, cÖwkÿY I Dbœqb, †cÖlYv, wbqš¿Y cÖf…wZ Kv‡h©i Rb¨ †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbv †bB| myZivs
Kg©x‡`i wbKU †_‡K Dchy³ †mev †c‡Z n‡j GKwU my›`i Rbkw³ cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e|
4| PvKwi cwieZ©b (Change Job) : evsjv‡`‡k gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcKMY Nb Nb PvKwi cwieZ©b K‡i| G‡Z
mswkøó cÖwZôvb ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq Ges Avjv`v gvbe m¤ú` wefvM ¯’vc‡b mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb nq|
5| †ckv cwiKíbv I Kg©m~wPi Afve (Lack of Career Planning and Program) : evsjv‡`‡ki AwaKvsk Kg©x
ev wbe©vnxMY †ckv cwiKíbv I Kg©m~wP m¤ú‡K© AeMZ bq| †ckv cwiKíbv I Kg©m~wP n‡jv †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbvi GKwU AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| ZvB †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZ cÖYqb I cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡j
†ckv cwiKíbv I Kg©m~wP cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e|
6| mwVK g~j¨vq‡bi Afve (Lack of Proper Evaluation) : g~j¨vqb n‡jv Kvh©m¤úv`‡bi cwigvY wba©vi‡Yi
cÖwµqv| Kg©x‡`i Øviv m¤úvw`Z Kvh©vewj hw` mwVKfv‡e g~j¨vwqZ bv nq, Zv n‡j Zviv Kv‡R DrmvwnZ n‡e bv|
myZivs cÖwZôvb‡K G e¨vcv‡i hZœkxj n‡Z n‡e| Zv bv n‡j †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZ †Kv‡bv Kv‡R
Avm‡e bv|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-230
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

7| cÖ‡Yv`bvi Afve (Lack of Motivation) : cÖwZôv‡bi mvwe©K jÿ¨vR©‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡Yv`bv n‡jv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
nvwZqvi| Kg©xiv Drmvn-DÏxcbv wb‡q KvR bv Ki‡j KL‡bvB †Kv‡bv cwiKíbv Kv‡R Avm‡e bv| evsjv‡`‡ki wkí
cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z G ai‡bi mgm¨v i‡q‡Q| myZivs cÖwZwU cÖwZôvb‡K G e¨vcv‡i ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|
8| kÖwgK-Kg©x I e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ mym¤ú‡K©i Afve (Lack of Suitable Relations Between Labour and
Management) : evsjv‡`‡k wkí cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZ ev¯Íevq‡bi Av‡iKwU
mgm¨v n‡jv: GLv‡b kÖwgK-Kg©x I e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ mym¤ú‡K©i Afve i‡q‡Q| kÖwgK-Kg©xiv g‡b K‡i e¨e¯’vcbv
Zv‡`i‡K b¨vh¨ myweav †`q bv| Ab¨w`‡K, e¨e¯’vcbv g‡b K‡i †h, kÖwgK-Kg©xiv wVKg‡Zv KvR Ki‡Q bv| d‡j
Zv‡`i g‡a¨ fzj eySveywSi m„wó nq Ges m¤úK© Lvivc n‡Z _v‡K| myZivs cÖwZôvb‡K G e¨vcv‡i mZK© n‡Z n‡e|
cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq †h, Dch©y³ mgm¨v¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© cÖwZôv‡bi gvwjK-e¨e¯’vcbv I kÖwgK-Kg©xmn mKj‡K mZK©
†_‡K mwVKfv‡e †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cwjwm ev¯Íevq‡bi c`‡ÿc wb‡Z n‡e| Z‡eB cÖwZôvb mdj
n‡e|

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mgm¨v DËi‡Yi Dcvqmg~n

Means to Overcome the Problems of SHRM in Bangladesh
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZ cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î mgm¨v DËi‡Yi AvUwU Dcvq
i‡q‡Q| wb‡P G¸‡jv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv :
1| djcÖm~ gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbv (Effective Human Resource Planning) : gvbe m¤ú‡`i mwVK e¨env‡ii
Dci g~jZt cÖwZôv‡bi mdjZv wbf©i K‡i| G Rb¨ mwVK gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbv cÖ‡qvRb| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbvq G e¨vcv‡i †KŠkjMZ cwiKíbv e¨envi K‡i, †hLv‡b gvbe m¤ú‡`i `ÿZv‡K me©vwaK ¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv
nq| Avgv‡`i †`kwU Rbeûj n‡jI GLv‡b `ÿ †jv‡Ki Afve i‡q‡Q| AwaKvskB A`ÿ ev Avav`ÿ| hvB †nvK,
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv gvbe m¤ú` Dbœq‡bi c`‡ÿc †bq| d‡j cÖwZôv‡bi Dbœqb Z¡ivwš^Z nq|
2| Dchy³ ¯’vcbv (Proper Establishment) : meai‡bi cÖwZôv‡bB Kvh©KvwiZv e„w×i Rb¨ †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| KviY, G ai‡bi gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZi wKQz †KŠkjMZ w`K i‡q‡Q hv
cÖwZôv‡bi mgm¨v †gvKvwejv K‡i cÖwZôvb‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q wb‡q hvq| myZivs cÖwZwU cÖwZôv‡bB †KŠkjMZ
gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv ¯’vcb ev cÖ‡qvM Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|
3| gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki ¯’vwqZ¡Kvj (Tenure of HR Manager) : gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki PvKwiKvj `xN©
nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| Zv n‡j `xN© mgq a‡i AwR©Z AwfÁZv Kv‡h© mdjfv‡e cÖ‡qvM Kivi my‡hvM cv‡e| myZivs gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡`i AwfÁZv Kv‡R jvMv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb|
4| m¤¢vebvgq †ckv cwiKíbv I Kg©m~wP (Potential Career Planning and Program) : evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ
gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mgm¨v `~i Ki‡Z n‡j Kg©x‡`i Rb¨ m¤¢vebvgq †ckv cwiKíbv cÖYqb I Zv ev¯Íevq‡bi
h_vh_ Kg©m~wP cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY, Kg©xMY cÖwZôv‡b †hvM`v‡bi ci hLb †`L‡e †h, Zvi †ckvi fwel¨r
D¾¡j, ZLb †m g‡bi Avb‡›` KvR Ki‡e, hv cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ mydj e‡q Avb‡e| myZivs gvbe m¤ú` wefvM‡K G
e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
5| kÖwgK I e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ AbyK~j m¤úK© (Positive Relations Between Labour & Management) :
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mgm¨v DËi‡Yi Avi GKwU Dcvq n‡jv: cÖwZôv‡bi kÖwgK-Kg©x I e¨e¯’vcbvi
mv‡_ DËg m¤úK© M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| GwU GKwU eo ai‡bi mgm¨v| GwU cÖwZôv‡bi †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZ ev¯Íevq‡b evavi m„wó K‡i| myZivs kÖwgK-Kg©x I e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ mym¤úK© M‡o †Zvjvi gva¨‡g
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mgm¨v `~i Ki‡Z n‡e|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-231
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

6| mwVKfv‡e Kvh© g~j¨vqb (Proper Job Evaluation) : Kvh© g~j¨vqb n‡jv GKwU c×wZ hvi gva¨‡g cÖwZôv‡bi
cÖwZwU Kv‡h©i m¤úv`b c×wZ I Zvi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj g~j¨vqb Kiv nq| G g~j¨vqbwU mwVK n‡Z n‡e| Zv bv n‡j
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qv‡M mdjZv Avm‡e bv|
7| D”PZi †ckvMZ e¨e¯’vcbv (Highly Professional Management) : cÖwZôv‡bi mvwe©K DbœwZi Rb¨ †ckvMZ
e¨e¯’vcbvi †Kv‡bv weKí †bB| †ckvMZfv‡e `ÿ e¨e¯’vcKMYB cÖwZôvb‡K `ÿZvi mv‡_ cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i|
evsjv‡`‡k †ckvMZfv‡e `ÿ e¨e¯’vc‡Ki Afve i‡q‡Q| ZvB G Afve c~i‡bi gva¨‡g me ai‡bi e¨e¯’vcbvi
mgm¨v †gvKvwejv Kiv hvq|
8| `ÿ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki mÿgZv (Ability of Skilled HR Manager) : GKRb `ÿ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcK Lye my›`ifv‡e Zvi wefvM‡K cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| cÖwZôv‡bi mvwe©K mdjZvi Rb¨ cÖwZwU wefv‡MB
`ÿ e¨e¯’vcK I ZË¡veavq‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb| ZvivB cÖwZôvb‡K cwieZ©b K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| ZvB †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbvi mgm¨v `~i K‡i mdjZvi w`‡K wb‡q †h‡Z `ÿ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki weKí †bB|

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq mdjZvi Dcvq

Means of Success of SHRM in Bangladesh
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq mdjZvi Rb¨ K‡qKwU Dcvq AbymiY Kiv
cÖ‡qvRb| G¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc :
1| mwVK bxwZ (Proper Policy) : cwjwm n‡jv mwVK c_-wb‡`©kbv Ges m~² c×wZ hv mwVKfv‡e Kvh©m¤úv`b K‡i
jÿ¨ AR©‡bi w`‡K wb‡q hvq| ZvB mwVK Dcv‡q cwjwm cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvi Av‡M mgwš^Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú‡`i wKQz w`K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| A_©vr G †ÿ‡Î †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi wewfbœ w`K m¤ú‡K©
Rvb‡Z n‡e †h, G¸‡jv Kx Ges Kxfv‡e Zv cÖwZôv Kiv hvq Ges cwjwm ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ G¸‡jv Kxfv‡e cÖ‡qvM I
ev¯Íevqb Kiv hvq|
2| cwjwmi MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv (Acceptability of Policy) : evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖÿvc‡U †`Lv hvq †h, †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡bB
gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv mwVKfv‡e cÖ‡qvM n‡”Q bv| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv‡K mdjfv‡e cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨
GwU‡K Kg©x‡`i wbKU mnRfv‡e Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|
3| mÿgZv (Capability) : †h †Kv‡bv †`‡k †h †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv mdj n‡Z n‡j
GwU‡K mÿgZv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| evsjv‡`‡kI Gi e¨wZµg wKQz bq| mÿgZv n‡jv GKwU we‡kl ¸Y hv
cÖwZôvb‡K mdj Kivi Rb¨ e¨e¯’vcbv‡K `ÿZvi mv‡_ cwiPvjbv K‡i| evsjv‡`‡k wKQz †m±‡i LyeB †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ
†jvK i‡q‡Q hviv wewfbœfv‡e cÖwZôv‡bi Kvh©vewj m¤úbœ Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avevi, wKQz †m±‡i Zviv †gv‡UI
†hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ bq| d‡j Zv‡`i Øviv †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi KvR myôzfv‡e m¤úbœ nq bv| Avevi, wKQz
†jv‡Ki KvwiMix ÿgZvI †bB| myZivs †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv‡K mdjfv‡e cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡j e¨w³K
mÿgZv evov‡Z n‡e| ZvB mÿg †jv‡KivB cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mwVK e¨envi Ki‡Z
cvi‡e|
4| D”P ch©v‡q e¨e¯’vcbvi mg_©b (Top Management Support) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv‡K mdj
Ki‡Z n‡j D”P e¨e¯’vcbvi mg_©b cÖ‡qvRb| KviY, ZvivB G e¨e¯’vcbvi bxwZ I Kvh©µg Dbœqb I cÖYqb K‡i
Ges ev¯Íevqb Kwi‡q †bq| myZivs Zv‡`i AvšÍwiK mg_©b e¨ZxZ †Kv‡bvfv‡eB †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv‡K
mdj Kiv hv‡e bv|
5| kÖwgK ms‡Ni mg_©b (Trade Union Support) : kÖwgKmsN n‡jv kÖwgK‡`i Rb¨ GKwU msMVb, hvi KvR n‡jv
kÖwgK‡`i ¯^v_© msiÿ‡Yi Rb¨ e¨e¯’vcbvi mv‡_ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv Kiv| Z‡e Zviv cÖwZôv‡bi ¯^v_© msiÿ‡Yi Rb¨
kÖwgK‡`i‡K wb‡q wbijm KvR K‡i †h‡Z cv‡i| KviY, kÖwgKMY e¨e¯’vcbvi cvkvcvwk Zv‡`i K_vI ï‡b| myZivs

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-232
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

kÖwgKmsN cÖwZôv‡bi Drcv`bkxjZvq mivmwi cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| ZvB e¨e¯’vcbv‡K kÖwgKmsN‡K ¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv
DwPZ| cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mdj cÖ‡qvM Zv‡`i‡K mv‡_ wb‡qB Ki‡Z n‡e|
6| wbi‡cÿZv ev AcÿcvwZZ¡ (Impertiality) : evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ e¨e¯’vcbvi mdj cÖ‡qvM
Ki‡Z n‡j e¨e¯’vcbv‡K mK‡ji mv‡_ cÿcvZnxb ev wbi‡cÿ AvPiY Ki‡Z n‡e| cÿcvwZ‡Z¡i Kvi‡Y cÖwZôv‡b
fv‡jv Kg©x wb‡qvM nq bv| cÿcvZnxbfv‡e hviv wb‡qvM cvq Zviv cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ m¤ú‡` cwiYZ nq|
myZivs ejv hvq †h, evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv mdj n‡Z n‡j Dch©y³
welq¸‡jv we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e|

evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î Kx Kx mgm¨v
wkÿv_©xi KvR :
i‡q‡Q Zv wPwýZ Kiæb Ges G mKj mgm¨vi m¤¢ve¨ mgvavb wb‡`©k Kiæb|

mvims‡ÿc:
evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi wewfbœ mgm¨v i‡q‡Q, †hgb: †`‡k
†ckvMZ e¨e¯’vcbv I e¨e¯’vc‡Ki Afve, myôz cwiKíbvi Afve, PvKwii cwieZ©bkxjZv, mwVK g~j¨vq‡bi
Afve, †ckv cwiKíbvi Afve, ch©vß cÖ‡Yv`bvi Afve, kÖwgK-Kgx© I e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ mym¤ú‡K©i Afve cÖf…wZ|
†KŠkjMZ e¨e¯’vcK‡K mdj n‡Z n‡j G mKj mgm¨v `~i Ki‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv `~i Kivi m¤¢ve¨ Dcvq n‡jv:
djcÖm~ gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbv Ki‡Z n‡e, mwVK †ckv cwiKíbv _vK‡Z n‡e; e¨e¯’vcK‡`i PvKwiKvj `xN© n‡Z
n‡e, kÖwgK I e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ mym¤úK© M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e; e¨e¯’vcK‡`i D”PZi †ckvMZ `ÿZv _vK‡Z n‡e|
myZivs G mKj e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡j †h †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv mdj n‡Z eva¨|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-233
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

cvV-13.5 evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ¯vÍ weZ g‡Wj; evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi D‡Ïk¨; evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
The Proposed Model for SHRM in Bangladesh; Objectives & Importance of SHRM in Bangladesh

D‡Ïk¨

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ¯vÍ weZ g‡Wj m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb;

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ e¨e¯’vcbvi D‡Ïk¨ wjL‡Z cvi‡eb;

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ¯ÍvweZ g‡Wj
The Proposed Model for SHRM in Bangladesh
evsjv‡`‡k AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM †bB| wKQz cÖwZôv‡b gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv
wefvM _vK‡jI AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡bB ms¯’vcb wefvM ev cÖkvmwbK wefvM KZ…K © gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv Kvh©µg
cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡q _v‡K| RvZxq ch©v‡q cÖPzi gvbe m¤ú` i‡q‡Q| Z_vwc gvbe m¤ú‡`i Rb¨ Avjv`v †Kv‡bv
gš¿Yvjq †bB| ZvB ejv hvq †h, gvbe m¤ú` Kvh©µg n‡jv GKwU Ae‡nwjZ w`K, †m‡ÿ‡Î †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbvi‡Zv cÖkœB Av‡m bv| hvB †nvK, G mKj w`K we‡ePbv K‡i †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi GKwU
g‡Wj Dbœqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| miKvwi-‡emiKvwi, wkí cÖwZôvbmn †h †Kv‡bv cÖwZôvb GwU e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡i| wb‡P
wP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ cÖ¯ÍvweZ †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv g‡WjwU †`Lv‡bv n‡jv :

cwi‡ek †KŠkj
Kc©v‡iU MZ
ms¯‹…wZ gvbe
m¤ú` Kvh©
cwiKí we‡kø
bv lY
c„_KxKiY I cybM©Vb
Kvh© bKkvKiY

†ckv cwiKíbv I Dbœqb Kg©x msMÖn I wbe©vPb

kÖg e¨e¯’vcbv m¤úK© †KŠkjMZ mgZv I ˆewPΨZv

gvbe m¤ú`
k„•Ljv weavb e¨e¯’vcbv mvgvwRKxKiY, cÖwkÿY
I Dbœqb

Awf‡hvM cwiPvjbv Kvh© g~j¨vqb

Drcv`bkxjZvi ‡eZb I
Dbœqb gybvdv my‡hvM Kvh©m¤ cvwikÖwgK
I myweav I
‰bwZKZv úv`b
wbivc Kg©x‡`i
AwaKvi
g~j¨vqb
Ëv

wPÎ : evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi m¤¢ve¨ g‡Wj|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-234
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

DwjøwLZ wP‡Î †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, g‡W‡ji 20wU wewfbœ †ÿÎ i‡q‡Q| G mKj †ÿ‡Îi Kvh© myôzfv‡e m¤úv`b Ki‡Z
cvi‡j cÖwZôv‡bi jÿ¨ myôzfv‡e AwR©Z n‡e| wKš‘ me¸‡jv †ÿ·KB mgvb ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e| D”Pch©vq
e¨e¯’vcbv‡K G wel‡q c~Y© mg_©b Ki‡Z n‡e| wb‡P g‡W‡ji Dcv`vbmg~n Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv :
1| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbv (Strategic HR Planning) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbv n‡jv
GKwU cÖwµqv hvi gva¨‡g fwel¨‡Z Kx Kiv n‡e †m m¤ú‡K© wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv Ges cÖwZôv‡bi m¤¢vebvgq I
eZ©gvb Kg©x‡`i KiYxq wVK Kiv nq|
2| Kvh© we‡kølY (Job Analysis) : Kvh© we‡kølY n‡jv GKwU cÖwµqv hvi gva¨‡g cÖwZôv‡bi Kvh©vewj m¤úv`‡b
Kg©x‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq `ÿZv, ˆbcyY¨, mÿgZv, wek¦vm, g~j¨‡eva, KZ©e¨ I `vwqZ¡ cÖf…wZ m¤ú‡K© Z_¨-DcvË
msMÖn I we‡kølY Kiv nq, †hb mswkøó Kvh© myôyfv‡e m¤úv`b Kiv hvq|
3| Kvh© bKkv (Job Design) : GwU n‡jv cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZwU Kv‡Ri KvVv‡gv cÖYqb Kiv †h, KvRwU Kxfv‡e
m¤úv`b Kiv n‡e| cÖwZwU Kv‡Ri mywbw`©ó KvVv‡gv _vKv cÖ‡qvRb|
4| Kg©x msMÖn I wbe©vPb (Recruitment & Selection) : Kg©x msMÖn n‡jv Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Kg©x‡`i‡K Avnevb
Rvbv‡bv| G ch©v‡q wewfbœ Kvh©vbymÜvbKvix‡`i wbKU †_‡K Av‡e`bcÎ msMÖn Kiv nq| AZtci Kg©x
wbe©vP‡bi wbw`©ó cÖwµqv AbymiY K‡i A_©vr, hvPvB-evQvB K‡i Kg©x wbe©vPb Kiv nq|
5| mgZv I ˆewPΨZv (Equity & Diversity) : mgZv Gi A_© n‡jv cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZwU kÖwgK-Kg©xi mv‡_ mgvb
AvPiY Ki‡Z n‡e| †KD †hb †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y b¨vh¨ AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ bv nq| Avi ˆewP‡Î¨i A_© n‡jv:
Kg©x‡`i‡K wewfbœ Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv| GKRb ïay GKB KvR Ki‡e Zv bq; Ab¨ Kv‡Ri Rb¨I Zvi †gav
_vK‡Z cv‡i|
6| mvgvwRKxKiY, cÖwkÿY I Dbœqb (Socialization, Training & Development) : mvgvwRKxKi‡Yi A_©
n‡jv bZzb Kg©x‡`i‡K eZ©gvb cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bvi e¨e¯’v Kiv| cÖwkÿY I Dbœqb n‡jv Kg©x‡`i
`ÿZv I Ávb evov‡bvi cÖwµqv|
7| Kvh© g~j¨vqb (Job Evaluation) : Kvh© g~j¨vqb n‡jv cÖwZôv‡bi Kv‡h©i g~j¨vqb hv‡Z Kg©x‡`i‡K cwi‡kva
KvVv‡gvi mwVK ¯’v‡b ¯’vcb Kiv hvq|
8| †eZb I gRywi (Compensation) : Kg©x‡`i gvbwmK kÖ‡gi Rb¨ †eZb †`Iqv nq Avi kÖwgK‡`i kvixwiK
kÖ‡gi Rb¨ gRywi †`Iqv nq|
9| Kvh©m¤úv`b g~j¨vqb (Performance Appraisal) : GwU n‡jv Ggb cÖwµqv hvi gva¨‡g Kg©x‡`i m¤úvw`Z
Kvh© g~j¨vqb Kiv nq †hb Awc©Z KvR Avi m¤úvw`Z Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ Zzjbv K‡i my‡hvM-myweav cÖ`v‡bi c¨v‡KR
wba©vib Kiv hvq|
10| myweavmg~n I Kg©x‡`i AwaKvi (Benefits & Employees Right) : myweavmg~n n‡jv gvwjK KZ…K
© Kg©x‡`i‡K
cÖ`Ë Avw_©K myweav hv gvwjKMY Kg©x‡`i Kv‡h© mš‘ó n‡q cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K|
11| ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv (Health & Safety) : ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv msµvšÍ welq Kg©x I gvwjK ev e¨e¯’vcbv Dfq‡KB
K‡Vvifv‡e †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e cÖwZôv‡bi ¯^v‡_©B| Zv bv n‡j Drcv`b I †mev Kvh©µg Pvjv‡bv m¤¢e n‡e bv|
12| ˆbwZKZv (Ethics) : fv‡jv I g‡›`i g‡a¨ ev mwVK I †ewVK Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbY©q KivB n‡jv
ˆbwZKZv| GwU n‡jv GKRb gvby‡li g‡a¨ KZ¸‡jv ¸‡Yi mgwó hv gvby‡li Rxe‡bi I Kvh©cwi‡e‡ki Ask|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-235
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

13| Drcv`bkxjZv e„w× (Improving Productivity) : Drcv`bkxjZv n‡jv KuvPvgvj I Drcv`‡bi ga¨Kvi
AbycvZ ev m¤úK©| Kg©x‡`i‡K Drcv`b evov‡bvi Rb¨ me©`v m‡Pó _vK‡Z n‡e| Zv bv n‡j cÖwZôvb wUK‡Z
cvi‡e bv|
14| Awf‡hvM cwiPvjbv (Grievance Handling) : Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ hw` †Kv‡bv Awf‡hvM D‡V ev †Kv‡bv wel‡q
†ÿv‡fi m„wó nq; Zv n‡j Zv wbqgZvwš¿K Dcv‡q wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z n‡e ev `~i Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨
Amš‘wó _vK‡j Kvh©cwi‡ek bó nq|
15| k„•Ljv weavb Kvh©µg (Disciplinary Action) : kÖwgK-Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ hw` †Kv‡bv iKg k„•Ljvi cwicwš’ ev
wek„sLj cwiw¯’wZi m„wó nq, Zv n‡j Zv Aek¨B e¨e¯’vcbv KZ…K© wbqgZvwš¿K Dcv‡q kvw¯Í cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g
wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z cÖwZôv‡b kvwšÍ eRvq _v‡K|
16| kÖwgK-e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ m¤úK© (Labour Management Relations) : cÖwZôv‡bi kÖwgK-gvwjK, kÖwgK-
e¨e¯’vcbv, e¨e¯’vcbv gvwjK cÖf…wZ c‡ÿi g‡a¨ †h m¤úK©, Zv-B wkím¤úK©| G m¤úK© hZ fv‡jv n‡e,
cÖwZôv‡bi Kvh©µg ZZ mvejxjfv‡e Pj‡e| cÖwZôv‡bi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ G m¤úK© fv‡jv ivL‡Z n‡e|
17| †ckv cwiKíbv I Dbœqb (Career Planning & Development) : cÖwZôv‡b wb‡qvwRZ cÖ‡Z¨K Kg©xi Aek¨B
†ckv cwiKíbv I Dbœq‡bi my‡hvM _vK‡Z n‡e| cÖwZôvb‡K G wel‡q mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z n‡e|
18| c„_KxKiY I cybM©Vb (Separation and Restructuring) : c„_KxKiY I cybM©V‡bi gva¨‡g cÖwZôv‡bi eo
ai‡bi cwieZ©b mvab Kiv nq| GwU wb‡Pi ¯Íi †_‡K D”P ¯Íi mKj ch©v‡q n‡q _v‡K|
19| cÖvwZôvwbK ms¯‹…wZ (Corporate Culture) : cÖwZwU cÖwZôv‡b wbR¯^ wKQz ixwZ I g~j¨‡eva _v‡K, hv Aek¨B
D”P ch©vq †_‡K ïiæ K‡i wb‡Pi ch©v‡qi mKj‡K gvb‡Z n‡e| G‡Z Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ ˆbwZKZv I AvPiY,
cwieZ©b Avm‡e|
20| cwi‡ek (Environment) : cwi‡ek n‡jv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb| †h †Kv‡bv †KŠkjMZ c`‡ÿc ev Kvh©
MÖnY I cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡j Af¨šÍixY I evwn¨K cwi‡ek AbyK~‡j _vK‡Z n‡e| myZivs e¨e¯’vcbv‡K G
wel‡q KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|

evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ e¨e¯’vcbvi D‡Ïk¨vewj

Objectives of SHRM in Bangladesh
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi KwZcq D‡Ïk¨ i‡q‡Q, hv wb¤œiƒc:
1| cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ mg‡hvc‡qvMx jÿ¨ wba©viY Kiv;
2| gvbe m¤ú‡`i †gav I Kvh©kw³‡K c~Y©v½iƒ‡c e¨envi Kiv|
3| cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx mvsMVwbK KvVv‡gv wbe©vPb Kiv|
4| Kg©x‡`i Rb¨ my›`i GKwU †eZb I gRywi KvVv‡gv ¯’vcb Kiv|
5| kÖwgK-Kg©x‡`i Øviv m¤úvw`Z Kvh©vewj g~j¨vq‡bi gvb cÖwZôv|
6| cÖwZôv‡bi Af¨šÍixY wewfbœ wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK m¤úK©, `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ wba©viY Kiv|
7| cÖwZ‡hvMxZvq wU‡K _vKvi Rb¨ I fwel¨r P¨v‡jÄ †gvKvwejv Kivi Rb¨ †KŠkj wba©viY Kiv|
8| gvbe m¤ú` †KŠkj wba©viY Kiv|
9| mg‡qi mv‡_ Zvj wgwj‡q Kg©x‡`i Kvh© mÿgZv e„w×i Rb¨ Pjgvb gvbe m¤ú` cwjwmi cwieZ©b I cÖ‡qvM|
10| gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡`i Rb¨ w`K-wb‡`©kbv cÖYqb Kiv|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-236
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

Importance of SHRM in the Organizations of Bangladesh
evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b wewfbœ Kvi‡Y †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv i‡q‡Q| wb‡P G¸‡jv
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv :
1| gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbv (HR Planning) :cÖwZôv‡b †hvM¨, `ÿ I mÿg Kg©x wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡j GKwU myôz
gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbv cÖ‡qvRb| wKš‘ AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡bB Dchy³ gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbv †bB| myZivs GKwU
mwVK I h‡_vchy³ gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbvi Rb¨ †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qvRb|
2| wek¦¯Í I mwVK Kg©x wbe©vPb wm‡÷g (Reliable and Fair Selection System) : AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡bB my›`i,
wek¦¯Í I mwVK Kg©x wbe©vPb c×wZ AbymiY Kiv nq bv| G †ÿ‡Î †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwZôv‡bi
jÿ¨, D‡Ïk¨, †KŠkj, KvVv‡gv I ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q GKwU h‡_vchy³ Kg©x wbe©vPb wm‡÷g ˆZwi K‡i
_v‡K| G‡Z cÖwZôvb `ÿ Kg©x †c‡q _v‡K|
3| mgZv bxwZi Abykxjb (Practice of Equity Principles) : AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡b mKj Kg©xB †h cÖwZôv‡bi
Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GB bxwZ AbymiY Kiv nq bv| G‡Z cÖwZôv‡b fvimvg¨nxbZv ˆZwi nq| G‡Z cÖwZôvb Kg©x‡`i
Drcv`bkxjZv I m¤¢vebvgq cÖwZfvi e¨envi †_‡K ewÂZ nq ev A‡bK mgq G mKj Kg©x cvq bv| G mgm¨v
mgvav‡bi Rb¨ †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qvRb|
4| †KŠkjMZ cwiKíbv cwiwPwZKiY (Introducing Strategic Plan) : gvbe m¤ú` n‡jv cÖwZôv‡bi Avmj
m¤ú`| ZvB gvbe m¤ú`‡K cÖwZôv‡bi mKj ai‡bi †KŠkjMZ cwiKíbv m¤ú‡K© gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv
my›`ifv‡e cwiwPZ K‡i _v‡K| G‡Z cÖwZôv‡bi Kv‡h© MwZkxjZv Av‡m|
5| Kg©x‡`i †cÖlYv (Employees Motivation) :Kg©x‡`i wbKU †_‡K fv‡jv KvR Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡j Zv‡`i‡K
cÖ‡Yvw`Z Kiv `iKvi| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv G KvRwU K‡i _v‡K| G e¨e¯’vcbv Kg©x‡`i Øviv
m¤úvw`Z Kvh©vewj mwVK Dcv‡q g~j¨vqb K‡i Ges †m Abyhvqx †cÖlYv †`q| G‡Z Kg©xiv mš‘wó jvf K‡i Ges
Zv‡`i Drcv`bkxjZv †e‡o hvq|
6| kÖwgKmsN I D”P ch©vq e¨e¯’vcbvi mv‡_ fv‡jv m¤úK© (Good Relationship Between Trade Union and
Top Level Management) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwZôv‡bi D”P ch©vq e¨e¯’vcbvi mv‡_
kÖwgKms‡Ni †hb fv‡jv m¤úK© eRvq _v‡K Zvi e¨e¯’v K‡i| G‡Z cÖwZôv‡b GKwU kvšÍ I Kv‡h©vc‡hvMx
cwi‡ek weivR K‡i hv Drcv`bkxjZv e„wׇZ mnvqK|

myZivs ejv hvq †h, Dchy³ Kvi‡Y †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb|

evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi †h g‡Wj cÖ¯vÍ e Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zvi
wkÿv_©xi KvR : †hŠw³KZv hvPvB Kiæb| evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q Kx?
Avcbvi hyw³ Zz‡j aiæb|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-237
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

mvims‡ÿc:
g‡Wj n‡jv Kvh©‡ÿ‡Îi †K›`ªxq aviYv| †h †Kv‡bv g‡Wj n‡jv PjKmg~‡ni AvšÍtm¤úK©; hv c~Yv© ½ ev AvswkKfv‡e
†Kv‡bv c×wZ ev cÖwµqv Dc¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ wbwg©Z nq| myZivs †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi aviYvi
mswÿßiƒc wP‡Îi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv‡K †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv g‡Wj e‡j| GLv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki
Rb¨ †h g‡Wj Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv h_v_© e‡jB cÖZxqgvb nq| KviY, G g‡W‡j †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbvi †h mKj †ÿÎ ev Kv‡h©i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q, Zv Aek¨B m¤úv`b Ki‡Z n‡e| Ab¨_vq, †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡bB mdj n‡e bv| †ÿθ‡jv n‡jv: †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` cwiKíbv, Kvh©
we‡kølY, Kvh© bKkv, Kg©x msMÖn I wbe©vPb, mgZv I ˆewPΨZv, mvgvwRKxKiY, cÖwkÿY I Dbœqb Kvh© g~j¨vqb,
†eZb I gRywi, Kvh©m¤úv`b g~j¨vqb, myweavmg~n I Kg©x‡`i AwaKvi, ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv, ˆbwZKZv,
Drcv`bkxjZv e„w×, Awf‡hvM cwiPvjbv, k„sLjv weavb Kvh©µg, kÖwgK-e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ m¤úK©, †ckv cwiKíbv
I Dbœqb, c„_KxKiY I cybM©Vb, cÖvwZôvwbK ms¯‹…wZ, cwi‡ek| Ab¨w`‡K, †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi
g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv: cªwZôv‡b wb‡qvwRZ kÖwgK-Kgx©-Kg©KZ©v mK‡ji †gav I mÿgZv‡K c~Yv© ½iƒ‡c Kv‡R jvMv‡bv|
evsjv‡`k GKwU Dbœqbkxj †`k| GmwWwR AR©‡b G †`k‡K me©‡ÿ‡Î `ÿZvR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| e¨emvq-evwYR¨ G
†ÿ‡Î ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L| ZvB †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qvM K‡i cÖwZôv‡b me ai‡bi m¤ú‡`i
myôz e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| myZivs evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Acwinvh©|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-238
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

cvV-13.6 evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki `vwqZ;,

†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki cÖ‡qvRbxq ¸Yvewj; evsjv‡`‡ki
cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq A`ÿZvi KviYmg~n
Responsibilities of SHR Manager in the Organization of Bangladesh; Required
Qualities of SHR Manager and Causes of Inefficiency of SHRM in the
Organization of Bangladesh

D‡Ïk¨

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb;

†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki cÖ‡qvRbxq ¸Yvewj eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi A`ÿZvi KviYmg~n e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb|

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki `vwqZ¡

Responsibilities of SHR Manager in the Organizations of Bangladesh
evsjv‡`‡ki wkí ev e¨emvwqK cÖwZôvb¸‡jv `ÿ I djcÖm~fv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡j `ÿ I `vwqZ¡kxj †KŠkjMZ
gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb| Zviv cÖwZôv‡bi bvbvwea †KŠkjMZ mgm¨vi mgvavb K‡i _v‡K| †m †ÿ‡Î
Zv‡`i‡K A‡bK `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z nq| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki `vwqZ¡¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc:
1| Kg©x msMÖn (Recruitment) : evsjv‡`‡ki kÖg evRvi †ek eo| wKš‘ e¨e¯’vcbvi wewfbœ ¯Í‡ii Rb¨ m¤¢vebvgq
Kg©xi Afve i‡q‡Q| myZivs †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© `vwqZ¡ n‡jv: cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨
m¤¢vebvgq Kg©x Luy‡R †ei K‡i wb‡qvM †`Iqv| G Rb¨ GKwU myôz Kg©x msMÖn cwjwmI ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e †KŠkjMZ
e¨e¯’vcK‡K|
2| Kg©x wbe©vPb (Selection) : Kg©x msMÖ‡ni ci †mLvb †_‡K D”P m¤¢vebvgq I cÖwZwU Kg©x wbe©vPb Kiv
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡| G †ÿ‡Î wewfbœ cixÿvwbixÿv I hvPvB-evQvB K‡i Kg©x wbe©vPb
Kiv nq|
3| cÖwkÿY I Dbœqb (Training & Development) : bZzb Kg©xiv mvaviYZ A`ÿ n‡q _v‡K Ges Zviv
cÖwZôv‡bi Kg©Kv‡Ði mv‡_ cwiwPZ bq| myZivs Zv‡`i‡K cÖwZôv‡bi wewfbœ Kg©Kv‡Ði mv‡_ cwiwPZ Kiv Ges
cÖwkÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g `ÿ K‡i †Zvjv †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki GKwU `vwqZ¡|
4| cwiKíbv (Planning) : cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ †KŠkjMZ cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kiv LyeB Riæwi| Avi †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡K G Kv‡R GwM‡q Avm‡Z n‡e| Z‡eB cÖwZôvb gvbe m¤ú`‡K mwVKfv‡e e¨envi K‡i `ÿ n‡Z
cvi‡e|
5| Ø›Ø Kgv‡bv (Reduce Conflict) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© `vwqZ¡ n‡jv:
mij‰iwLK Kg©KZ©v I Dc‡`óv Kg©KZ©vi g‡a¨ †hb Ø›Ø †`Lv bv †`q, Zvi e¨e¯’v Kiv| eis Zv‡`i g‡a¨ hv‡Z
†mŠnv`©¨c~Y© m¤úK© M‡o D‡V I eRvq _v‡K †m ai‡bi cwi‡ek ˆZwi Kiv †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki
`vwqZ¡| G Rb¨ cÖwZôv‡bi †h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi Z_¨ cÖwZôv‡bi mKj ¯Í‡iB Rvbv‡Z nq| G‡Z Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Ø›Ø m„wó
nIqvi AeKvk _v‡K bv|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-239
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

6| mš‘wó e„w× (Improve Satisfaction) : cÖwZôv‡bi mKj ¯Í‡ii Kg©KZ©v I Kg©Pvixiv †hb mš‘ó wP‡Ë KvR
Ki‡Z cv‡i †m ai‡bi Kvh©cwi‡ek ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| GwU †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡K wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
G‡Z Kg©xiv mš‘ó nq Ges Zv‡`i Drcv`bkxjZv e„w× cvq|
7| wbivcËv e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv (Ensure Safety Measure) : cÖwZôv‡bi wKQz wKQz †ÿ‡Î SuywKc~Y© KvR _v‡K| †m
me RvqMvq ch©vß wbivcËv e¨e¯’v M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| Z‡eB Kg©xiv wbf©‡q KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges Zv‡`i
Drcv`bkxjZv e„w× cv‡e| wbivcËvi G e¨e¯’vwU †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡K wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
8| Kvh©m¤úv`b g~j¨vqb (Performance Appraisal) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e †h,
†Kvb †Kvb Kg©x Kv‡R `ÿ Avi †Kvb †Kvb Kg©xiv Kv‡R `ÿ bq| GUv Rvb‡Z n‡j Kg©x‡`i m¤úvw`Z KvR
h_vh_fv‡e g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡Z `ÿZv evov‡bvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv m¤¢e n‡e|
9| my‡hvM-myweav I cyi¯‹vi e¨e¯’v (Benefits & Rewards) : Kg©x‡`i cÖvc¨ my‡hvM-myweav I cyi¯‹vi cÖ`vb Ki‡Z
n‡e| Z‡eB Zviv mš‘ó wP‡Ë KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡K G e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
10| c‡`vbœwZ, msiÿY I e`wj (Promotion, Retention & Transfer) : cÖwZôv‡b Kg©x‡`i‡K c‡`vbœwZ a‡i ivLv
ev msiÿb I e`wj Kivi GKwU mywbw`©ó bxwZgvjv _vK‡Z n‡e| †m Abyhvqx Kg©x‡`i‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq c‡`vbœwZ w`‡Z
n‡e, cÖ‡qvRb n‡j †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Kg©KZ©v‡K `xN©w`b GK wefv‡MB a‡i ivL‡Z n‡e Avevi Zv‡`i‡K cÖ‡qvR‡b
e`wjI Ki‡Z n‡e| G meB cÖwZôv‡bi cÖ‡qvRbvbyhvqx Ki‡Z n‡e| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡K G mKj
e¨e¯’v wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki cÖ‡qvRbxq ¸Yvewj

Required Qualities for a Successful SHR Manager
evsjv‡`‡k GKRb †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK n‡Z n‡j Zv‡K wKQz ¸‡Yi AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e| GKRb
e¨e¯’vc‡Ki ¸Y hZ †ewk n‡e, †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvI ZZ kw³kvjx n‡e| wb‡P G mKj ¸Yvewj
Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡jv :
1| GKRb †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki kw³kvjx we‡kølY `ÿZv _vK‡Z n‡e|
2| mgmvgwqK wek¦ m¤ú‡K© ch©vß Ávb _vK‡Z n‡e Ges `~i`wk© n‡Z n‡e|
3| cÖwZôv‡bi †KŠkjMZ cwiKíbvi mv‡_ wb‡R‡K m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z n‡e|
4| me ai‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv Ávb I `ÿZv _vK‡Z n‡e|
5| wb‡Ri I cÖwZôv‡bi Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
6| D™¢veb I gvwb‡q †bIqvi mÿgZv _vK‡Z n‡e|
7| evsjv‡`‡ki mvaviY I e¨emvq ms¯‹…wZ eyS‡Z n‡e|
8| wb‡Ri wkí cÖwZôvb, miKvi I ivR‰bwZK `‡ji mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ivL‡Z n‡e|
9| †bZ…Z¡ †`Iqv I cÖfvweZKi‡Yi ÿgZv ev ˆewkó¨ _vK‡Z n‡e|
10| wk‡íi mv‡_ mswkøó cÖhyw³ I cÖhyw³MZ cwieZ©b m¤ú‡K© ch©vß I ¯^”Q Ávb _vK‡Z n‡e|
11| K‡Vvi I wbqwgZ ZË¡veavb Kv‡h©i Rb¨ kvixwiK I gvbwmK mÿgZv _vK‡Z n‡e|

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq A`ÿZvi KviYmg~n

Causes of Inefficiency of SHRM in the Organizations of Bangladesh
‡h mKj cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM cÖwZôv Kiv n‡q‡Q, †m mKj †ÿ‡Î A`ÿZv weivR
Kivi wKQz KviY i‡q‡Q| wb‡P G KviY¸‡jv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv :

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-240
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

1| †ckvMZ e¨e¯’vcbvi Abycw¯’wZ (Absence of Professional Management) : G †`‡ki AwaKvsk cÖwZôvbB

gvwjK ev e¨e¯’vcK KZ…©K cwiPvwjZ nq hv‡`i e¨e¯’vcbvq †ckvMZ Ávb †bB| G Kvi‡Y Zviv `ÿZvi mv‡_
cÖwZôvb cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
2| `xN©‡gqvw` D‡Ïk¨ I cwiKíbvi Abycw¯’wZ (Absence of Long-term Planning & Objective) : cÖwZwU
cÖwZôv‡bi `xN©‡gqvw` jÿ¨ I cwiKíbv wba©viY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| wKš‘ Zv bv K‡i Zviv ¯^í mg‡q gybvdv AR©‡bi
w`‡K bRi †`q| d‡j †mLv‡b `ÿ †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv M‡o DV‡Z cv‡i bv|
3| KvVv‡gvMZ Ach©vßZv (Structural Inadequacy) : AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡biB AvKvi †QvU| d‡j †mLv‡b gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wefvMB Avjv`vfv‡e cÖwZôv Kiv m¤¢e nq bv| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv †Zv `~‡ii K_v|
4| Ach©vß g~jab wewb‡qvM (Inadequate Capital Investment) : evsjv‡`‡ki AwaKvsk cÖwZôvbB µq-weµq
I †mevg~jK e¨emv‡qi mv‡_ RwoZ| d‡j †mLv‡b wewb‡qvM ¯^í| G‡Z Avjv`v K‡i †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM cÖwZôv Kiv m¤¢e nq bv|
5| D‡`¨v³v m~jf `ÿZvi Afve (Lack of Entrepreneurial Skill) : evsjv‡`‡ki AwaKvsk D‡`¨v³vB A`ÿ|
Zv‡`i g‡a¨ `~i`wk©Zvi Afve i‡q‡Q| d‡j Zviv fwel¨‡Z cÖwZôv‡b †h †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM
jvM‡Z cv‡i, Zv wPšÍv Kivi gZ `ÿZv Zv‡`i †bB| d‡j GUvi ¸iæZ¡ Zviv Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
6| AvšÍtwefvM I AvšÍtwefv‡Mi g‡a¨ mgš^‡qi Afve (Lack of Intra and Inter-departmental Co-
ordination) : AvšÍ: wefvM ej‡Z cÖwZôv‡bi evwn‡i Aew¯’Z wewfbœ wefvM‡K eySvq| Avi AšÍtwefvM Øviv
cÖwZôv‡bi Af¨šÍ‡i Aew¯’Z wewfbœ wefvM‡K eySvq| †h †Kv‡bv KvR myôzfv‡e m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ AvšÍt I
AšÍtwefvMmg~‡ni g‡a¨ mgš^‡qi cÖ‡qvRb nq| Avi ZLbB †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` wefvM mdjfv‡e KvR K‡i|
KviY, G e¨e¯’vcbvq mgwš^Z KvR i‡q‡Q| ZvB G e¨e¯’vcbv djcÖm~ nIqvi Rb¨ wewfbœ wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ mgš^q
cÖ‡qvRb|
7| A`ÿ gvbe m¤ú` Z_¨ wm‡÷g I cÖ‡qvM (Inefficient HRIS and Practices) : Avgv‡`i †`‡k Z_¨cÖhyw³i
G hy‡M †mB cyi‡bv Avg‡ji e¨e¯’vcbv Z_¨ wm‡÷g ev gvbe m¤ú` Z_¨ wm‡÷g AbymiY Kiv nq| djkÖæwZ‡Z,
cÖwZôv‡bi jÿ¨vR©‡b gvbe m¤ú` wefvM †Zgb mdjZv †`Lv‡Z cvi‡Q bv ev ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv ivL‡Z cvi‡Q bv|
8| ˆ¯^iZvwš¿K I A‰bwZK PP©v (Autocratic and Unethical Practices) : evsjv‡`‡ki AwaKvsk cÖwZôv‡bi
gvwjK-e¨e¯’vcbv n‡jv A‡ckv`vi| cÖwZôv‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i Ávb G‡Kev‡iB mxwgZ| †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi PP©v I cÖ‡qvM m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i aviYv †bB| d‡j cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv
cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î ZvivB cÖavb evav|
9| ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’iZv I cÖwZK~j cÖfve (Political Unrest & Negative Influence) : evsjv‡`‡k ivR‰bwZK
Aw¯’iZv n‡jv GKwU `xN©¯’vqx e¨vcvi| d‡j †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi Dchy³ PP©vi †ÿ‡Î my‡hvM Kg
_v‡K| KviY, ivR‰bwZK cwi‡e‡ki cÖwZK~jZvi Rb¨ gvwjK I e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ cÖwZK~j cÖfve I nZvkv KvR
K‡i|
10| we‡klÁ I †ckvMZ e¨e¯’vc‡Ki Afve (Lack of Expertise & Experience of Profesional Managers) :
evsjv‡`‡k we‡klÁ I AwfÁ †ckvMZ e¨e¯’vc‡Ki h‡_ó Afve i‡q‡Q| Zviv h_vh_fv‡e †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM‡K cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z mÿg bq| ZvB‡Zv A‡bK cÖwZôvb cvk¦e© Zx© wewfbœ †`k †_‡K AwfÁ g¨v‡bRvi
ch©v‡qi †jvK wb‡qvM w`‡q _v‡K|
11| gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cwjwm I cÖ‡qv‡Mi Afve (Lack of HRM PolDcies & Practices) : evsjv‡`‡k Aí
msL¨K cÖwZôv‡b Avjv`v gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM i‡q‡Q Ges mwVK cwjwm AbymiY I cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
†m †ÿ‡Î †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi KvR cÖZ¨vkv Kiv hvq bv|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-241
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

12| kÖg I evwYwR¨K AvBb ev¯Íevq‡bi Afve (Lack of Implementation of Labour and Commercial
Law): evsjv‡`‡k bZzb bZzb kÖg I evwYwR¨K AvBb cÖPjb I ev¯Íevqb nq bv| d‡j G †`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv ev¯Íevq‡bi †ÿ‡Î A`ÿZvi GwUI GKwU KviY|
13| †e gvwK©s I cÖwmZKi‡Yi (Lack of Benchmarking & Standandization) : cÖwZ‡hvMx cÖwZôv‡bi c‡Y¨i
gvb we‡ePbv K‡i wbR cÖwZôv‡bi c‡Y¨i gvb wba©viY KivB n‡jv †eÂgvwK©s| Avi gvb Abyhvqx Drcvw`Z
cY¨¸‡jv‡K mvRv‡bvB n‡jv cÖwmZKiY| evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z G `y‡Uv welq Kg‡ewk Abycw¯’Z| GwU
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi A`ÿZv cÖKvk K‡i|
14| `ye©j I `yb©xwZcivqY kÖwgKmsN (Weak and Corrupt Labour-Union) : G †`‡k kÖwgKms‡Ni m`m¨MY nq
AwkwÿZ, bv nq Aa©wkwÿZ| ZvB Zviv kÖg I evwYwR¨K AvBb m¤ú‡K© Rv‡b bv| Avevi, kÖwgK †bZviv `ybx© wZ‡Z
Rwo‡q c‡o| G Kvi‡Y †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv `ÿZvi mv‡_ ev¯Íevqb Kiv hvq bv|
15| e¨emv‡q wbivcËv I avivewnKZvi Afve (Lack of Security and Consistency of Business) : evsjv‡`‡k
we`¨gvb AvBbMZ, ivR‰bwZK I Kvh© cwi‡ek mvejxjfv‡e e¨emvq cwiPvjbvi †ÿ‡Î Dc‡hvMx Kiv hvq bv| GwU
cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv ev¯Íevq‡bi ev `ÿZvR©‡bi AšÍivq|

†`‡k AbymiYK…Z gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mv‡_ we‡k^i Ab¨vb¨ †`‡ki gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi
wkÿv_©xi KvR :
Zzjbv Kiæb Ges cv_©K¨ wbY©q Kiæb|

mvims‡ÿc:
cÖwZôvb‡K mdjZvi wkL‡i wb‡q †h‡Z n‡j †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡K me©‡ÿ‡ÎB `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z
n‡e| cÖ_‡gB GKwU myôz Rbkw³ ev Kgx© cwiKíbv Ki‡Z n‡e| †m †gvZv‡eK Kgx© msMÖn I wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e|
AZtci cÖwkÿY I Dbœq‡bi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y Kgx©‡`i g‡a¨ Ø›Ø †`Lv w`‡j Zv Aek¨B
wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Kgx©iv †hb mš‘wói mv‡_ KvR K‡i Zvi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡eB cÖwZôvb GwM‡q hv‡e|
GKRb †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡Ki cwiw¯’wZ we‡køl‡Yi ÿgZv _vK‡Z n‡e Ges `~i`wk© n‡Z n‡e †hb
wZwb fwel¨r MYbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Zv‡K me ai‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv Ávb I `ÿZvi AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e| †bZ…‡Z¡i
ÿgZv Aek¨B _vK‡Z n‡e| evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi A`ÿZvi eûwea KviY i‡q‡Q|
GLv‡b †ckvMZ e¨e¯’vcbvi Dcw¯’wZ h‡_ó bq| `xN©‡gqvw` cwiKíbvi Afve; ch©vß KvVv‡gvMZ myweav †bB|
ch©vß g~jab msMÖn I mieivn Kiv KwVb KvR; D‡`¨v³vmyjf `ÿZviI Afve i‡q‡Q; kÖwgKms‡Ni cÖfv‡e A‡bK
wm×všÍ mn‡R ev¯Íevqb Kiv hvq bv; kÖg I evwYwR¨K AvBb ev¯Íevq‡bi mgm¨v i‡q‡Q G †`‡k| myZivs
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq mdj n‡Z n‡j D³ mgm¨vewj `~i Kivi cÖqvm Pvjv‡Z n‡e|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-242
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi D”Pch©v‡qi g~j¨‡ev‡ai

cvV-13.7 cÖ‡qvRbxqZv; evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡`i ms¯‹…wZ I
g~j¨‡ev‡ai ¯Íi, †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` wefvM ¯’vc‡b kÖwgKms‡Ni †bZv‡`i f‚wgKv
Need for High level of Values of SHRM in the Oganization of Bangladesh; Culture of
Values Level of SHR Managers; Role of Trade Union Leaders in Establishing SHR
Department; Role of Government for an Effective SHR Department

D‡Ïk¨

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi D”Pch©v‡qi g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb;

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡`i ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡ev‡ai ¯Íi eY©bv Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb;

†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` wefvM ¯’vc‡b kÖwgKms‡Ni †bZv‡`i f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi D”Pch©v‡qi g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

Need For High Level of Values of SHRM in the Organizations of Bangladesh
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z n‡j †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vc‡Ki wKQz g~j¨‡eva, ˆbwZKZv, ixwZ-bxwZ, Av`k© I wek¦vm _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| G¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc :
1| e¨e¯’vcbv‡K `ÿ n‡Z n‡e (Management Should be EffDcient) : cÖwZôv‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv hw` `ÿ nq Zv
n‡j †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcKMY `ÿZvi mv‡_ Kg©x‡`i‡K cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Zviv Ab¨
e¨e¯’vcK‡`i mv‡_ `ÿZv M‡o Zzj‡Z cvi‡e|
2| A½xKvi (Commitment) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwZôv‡bi Kg©x‡`i cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZ A½uxKvi
Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi‡e| GwU †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcKMY cÖwZôv‡bi bxwZi Av‡jv‡K ev¯Íevqb Ki‡e|
3| Kg©x msMÖn cwjwm (Recruitment Policy) : cÖwZôv‡bi Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU mywbw`©ó I myôy Kg©x msMÖn cwjwm
_vK‡Z n‡e| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡K GwU cy•Lvbycy•Lfv‡e AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
4| Pvc Kgv‡bv (Reduce the Pressure) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv mvaviY e¨e¯’vcbvi Kv‡Ri Pvc
Kwg‡q w`‡Z cv‡i Ges e¨e¯’vcbv `ÿZvi ch©vq wVK ivL‡Z cv‡i|
5| gvbe m¤ú‡`i mwVK e¨envi (Proper Utilization of Human Resources) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwZôv‡bi c‡ÿ gvbe m¤ú`‡K h_v_©fv‡e e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z cÖwZôvb DbœwZ jvf K‡i|
6| mwVK cÖwZÁv (Perfect Ditermination) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwZôv‡bi jÿ¨vR©‡bi Rb¨ `„p
cÖwZÁ _v‡K Ges Kg©x‡`i‡KI cÖwZÁve× n‡q KvR Ki‡Z DØy× K‡i|
7| Kvh© g~j¨vqb (Job Evaluation) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv mwVK wbq‡g cÖwZwU c‡`i wecix‡Z
wba©vwiZ KiYxq KvR g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z cv‡i| d‡j cÖwZwU c‡`i cvwikÖwgK I Ab¨vb¨ my‡hvM-myweavmg~n mwVKfv‡e
wba©viY Kiv hvq|
8| `ªæZ wm×všÍ MÖnY (Quick Decision) : †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv †h †Kv‡bv wel‡q `ªæZ wm×všÍ MÖnY
Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z †ckv cwiKíbv I Ab¨vb¨ Kg©m~wPi Dbœqb I ev¯Íevqb Kiv hvq|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-243
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

9| m¤úK© eRvq ivLv (Maintain Relation) :miKvwi I †emiKvwi me ai‡bi cÖwZôv‡bB †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
e¨e¯’vcbv D”P ch©v‡qi e¨e¯’vcbvi mv‡_ m¤úK© eRvq ivL‡Z cv‡i| d‡j me KvR mnRfv‡e Kiv hvq|

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡`i ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡ev‡ai ¯Íi

Culture of Values Level of SHR Managers in the Organization of Bangladesh
wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡`i AbymiYK…Z ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡ev‡ai g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ _vK‡Z cv‡i|
Z‡e gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi GKRb Kg©KZ©v wn‡m‡e Zv‡`i‡K wKQz ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡eva jvjb Ki‡ZB nq| hvB
†nvK, wb‡P wewfbœ ¯Í‡ii ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡eva m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡jv :
1| ms¯‹…wZ (Culture) : evsjv‡`‡ki ms¯‹…wZ A‡bK cyi‡bv| G †`‡ki gvbyl ag©civqb| G †`‡ki gvbyl †hŠ_
cwiev‡i emevm K‡i Af¨¯Í| G †`‡k mK‡jB e‡qv‡R¨ô‡`i m¤§vb K‡i Ges †QvU‡`i‡K h‡_ó †¯œn K‡i| myZivs
†KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡`i‡K mgv‡Ri gvby‡li GB ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡eva eyS‡Z n‡e, Rvb‡Z n‡e| Zv n‡j
Zvi c‡ÿ cÖwZôvb cwiPvjbv Kiv mnR n‡e|
2| mgms¯‹…wZ (Indifferent in Culture) : GKRb †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki wbw`©ó ms¯‹…wZ I
g~j¨‡eva _vK‡Z n‡e| wZwb hw` cÖwZôv‡bi mvaviY Kg©x‡`i mgch©v‡qi ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡eva aviY K‡ib, Zv n‡j
cÖwZôvb Kvh©KvwiZv AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Zv‡K GKUz Avjv`v n‡ZB n‡e|
3| Kg©x‡`i‡K AvK…óKiY I cÖ‡Yv`bv `vb (Attract & Motivate Employees) : GKRb †KŠkjMZ e¨e¯’vcK
hw` Kg©x‡`i ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡eva m¤ú‡K© mg¨K Ávb iv‡L, Zv n‡j Zvi c‡ÿ Kg©x‡`i‡K Kv‡Ri cÖwZ AvK…ó Kiv I
†mB mv‡_ cÖ‡Yvw`Z Kiv Lye mnR nq|
4| ms¯‹…wZMZ cwi‡ek (Cultural Environment) : GKRb e¨e¯’vcK n‡jv cÖwZôv‡b Kg©iZ Kg©x‡`i †bZv|
wZwb hw` Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ fv‡jv ms¯‹…wZ m„wó K‡ib, Zv n‡j Zviv cÖwZôv‡bi Kv‡Ri cÖwZ AvMÖnx n‡q DV‡e Ges Zviv
cÖwZôv‡bi jÿ¨ AR©b Ki‡Z mÿg n‡e|
5| cwi‡e‡ki wbiwew”QbœZv (Spontaneity of Environment) : cÖwZôv‡b wbiwew”Qbœ Kvh© cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡Z
n‡j Kg©x‡`i ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡eva‡K gyj¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges msiÿY Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡Z Kg©xMY mš‘ó _vK‡e Ges
Zviv cÖwZôv‡bi jÿ¨vR©‡b wb‡R‡K me©vZ¥Kfv‡e wb‡qvwRZ ivL‡e|
6| ms¯‹…wZi aib (Types of Culture) : wZb ai‡bi ms¯‹…wZ i‡q‡Q, hv GKwU cÖwZôvb AbymiY Ki‡Z cv‡i,
†hgb: (i) f~-‡Kw›`ªK ms¯‹…wZ (Geocentric Culture) , (ii) wbw`©ó ms¯’wZ ev b„ZvwË¡K ms¯‹…wZ (Ethroeentric Culture)
Ges (iii) eûwea ms¯‹…wZ (Polycentric Culture) |
(i) f~-‡Kw›`ªK ms¯‹…wZ‡Z ga¨g ch©v‡qi ms¯‹…wZ‡Z wek¦vm K‡i Ges msiÿY K‡i|
(ii) mywbw`©ó ms¯‹…wZ‡Z gvbyl wek¦vm K‡i †h, Zv‡`i ms¯‹…wZB me‡P‡q fv‡jv|
(iii) eûwea ms¯‹…wZ g‡b K‡i †h, cÖwZwU ms¯‹…wZ‡ZB fv‡jvg›` w`K i‡q‡Q| ZvB Zviv ga¨g ch©v‡qi ms¯‹…wZ
AbymiY K‡i|
7| f~-‡Kw›`ªK ms¯‹…wZ (Geo-centric Culture) : G ch©v‡q AwaKvsk gvbyl mvaviY ms¯‹…wZ‡Z wek¦vm K‡i& myZivs
evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ e¨e¯’vcKMY f~-‡Kw›`ªK ms¯‹…wZ‡Z wek¦vm Ki‡jB mdj n‡e| KviY, evsjv‡`‡ki gvbyl
GwU‡Z wek¦vm K‡i|
8| mvsMVwbK jÿ¨vR©b (Attain Organizational Goal) : ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡eva Kg©x‡`i‡K `viæYfv‡e cÖfvweZ
Ki‡Z cv‡i| ZvB GKwU fv‡jv ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡eva djcÖm~ cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges cÖvwZôvwbK jÿ¨ AR©b
Ki‡Z cv‡i|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-244
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

9| ag©xq ms¯‹…wZ (Religious Culture) : evsjv‡`‡ki gvbyl ag©xq ms¯‹…wZ‡Z wek¦vm K‡i| GLv‡b C` Drme,
k‡e eivZ, k‡e K`i cÖf…wZ w`b¸wj we‡kl ag©xq w`b wn‡m‡e cvjb Kiv nq| cÖwZôvb hw` Kg©x‡`i G ag©xq
wek¦v‡mi mv‡_ Lvc‡L‡q cwjwm ˆZwi K‡i, Zv n‡j Kg©xiv mš‘ó n‡e Ges cÖwZôv‡bi jÿ¨vR©‡b eªZx n‡e|

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvbmg~‡n †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` wefvM ¯’vc‡b kÖwgKms‡Ni †bZv‡`i f~wgKv
Role of Trade Union Leaders in Establishing SHR Department in the Organizations of Bangladesh
kÖwgK msN n‡jv kÖwgK‡`i msN hv kÖwgK‡`i fv‡jv-g›` †`Lv-ïbv K‡i| GLv‡b kÖwgK‡`i Øviv wbe©vwPZ †bZv
i‡q‡Q hviv GwU‡K kÖwgK‡`i ¯^v_© msiÿ‡Yi jÿ¨ wb‡q cwiPvjbv K‡i _v‡K| myZivs †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ
gvbe m¤ú` wefvM ¯’vc‡b kÖwgKms‡Ni †bZ…e„›` ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i| GgbB wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv
wb‡P †`Iqv n‡jv:
1| AvBbMZ cwi‡ek (Legal Environment) : kÖwgKms‡Ni †bZ…e„›` e¨e¯’vcbvi mv‡_ †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú`
wefvM ¯’vc‡b wewfbœ AvBbMZ welqvw` wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z AvB‡bi wewfbœ w`K D‡b¥vwPZ n‡e Ges
mwVKfv‡e †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` wefvM ¯’vwcZ n‡e|
2| b¨vqwePvi (Fair Judgement) : cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` wefvM ¯’vc‡bi mgq kÖwgKms‡Ni †bZ…e„›`
e¨e¯’vcbv‡K civgk© w`‡Z cv‡i †h, mKj Kg©x‡`i Rb¨ †hb b¨vqwePvi wbwðZ nq| †KD †hb Ah_v nqivwbi Ke‡j
bv c‡o|
3| b~¨bZg gRywii nvi (Minimum Wage Rate) : mK‡ji Rb¨ b~¨bZg gRywii nvi wba©vi‡Yi Rb¨ kÖwgK ms‡Ni
†bZviv e¨e¯’vcbvi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|
4| kÖgNÈv (Working Hour) : cÖwZôv‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv KZ…c
© ÿ kÖwgKms‡Ni †bZv‡`i mv‡_ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv K‡i
kÖgNÈv wVK Ki‡Z cv‡i; hv‡Z GwU mK‡ji Rb¨ myweavRbK nq|
5| ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv (Health & Safety) : kÖwgK‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËvi wel‡q †`Lfvj Kivi `vwqZ¡I
kÖwgKms‡Ni †bZv‡`i Dci|
6| wkky kÖg wb‡iva (Prevent Child Labour) : cÖwZôv‡b †hb wkï kÖwgK wb‡qvM †`Iqv bv nq †m Rb¨
e¨e¯’vcbv‡K Aby‡iva Ki‡Z cv‡i|
7| AvaywbK cÖhyw³ (Modern Technology) : cÖwZôv‡b AvaywbK cÖhyw³i ms‡hvRb bv n‡j cÖwZôvb DbœwZ Ki‡Z
cv‡i bv| ZvB kÖwgK ms‡Ni †bZ…e„›` cÖwZôv‡b AvaywbK cÖhyw³ ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ e¨e¯’vcbv‡K DØy× Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z
cÖwZôvb I Kg©xe„›` mK‡jB DcK…Z n‡e|
8| PvKwii mgvb my‡hvM (Equal Employment Opportunity) : mK‡ji Rb¨ PvKwii mgvb my‡hvM m„wó‡Z
kÖwgK ms‡Ni †bZ…e„›` f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i|
9| PvKwii wbivcËv (Job Security) : cÖwZôv‡b PvKwii wbivcËvi wbqg cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡Z Kg©xiv cÖ‡Yvw`Z
n‡e Ges cÖwZôv‡bi jÿ¨vR©‡b eªZx n‡e| kÖwgK ms‡Ni †bZviv G wel‡q f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i|
10| Kv‡Ri fv‡jv cwi‡ek (Good Working Environment) : Kv‡Ri AbyK~j cwi‡ek Qvov cÖwZôvb Zvi Kvh©
j‡ÿ¨ †cuŠQv‡Z cvi‡e bv| ZvB e¨e¯’vcbv‡K G wel‡q bRi w`‡Z n‡e| kÖwgKmsN‡KI G e¨vcv‡i mnvqZv Ki‡Z
n‡e|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-245
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

djcÖm~ †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` wefv‡Mi Rb¨ miKv‡ii f~wgKv

Role of Government for an Effective SHR Department

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` wefvM ¯’vc‡b miKv‡ii f~wgKv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y|© wb‡P G
m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡jv :
1| cwjwm MVb (Policy Formulation) : wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv †hb myôzfv‡e
Kvh©m¤úv`b Ki‡Z cv‡i, †m w`‡K jÿ¨ †i‡L cwjwm ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e|
2| myôz Kg©x msMÖn I wbe©vPb (Fair Recruitment & Selection) : cÖwZwU cÖwZôv‡b miKvi Kg©x‡`i wb‡qvM,
c‡`vbœwZ, e`wj cÖf…wZ wel‡q b¨vqmsMZ I †hŠw³K cš’v wb‡`©k Ki‡Z cv‡i|
3| cÖwkÿY I Dbœqb (Training & Development) : cÖwZôv‡bi Kg©x‡`i `ÿZv e„w× I Zv‡`i Dbœq‡bi Rb¨
cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| miKvi G e¨vcv‡i f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
4| †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM (SHRM Department) : miKvwi mKj cÖwZôv‡bB †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM cÖwZôv Kiv DwPZ|
5| cwiexÿY (Monitoring) : miKvwi mKj cÖwZôv‡b Kg©x‡`i Kvh©µg wbqwgZ cwiexÿY Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi
gva¨‡g Kg©x‡`i Kvh©µg ï×fv‡e m¤úbœ Kiv hv‡e|
6| AvB‡bi cÖ‡qvM (Enforcement of Law) : †h mKj cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM
i‡q‡Q, †m mKj cÖwZôv‡b Kwg©mswkøó AvB‡bi cÖ‡qvM myôyfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e|
7| kvwšÍ f‡½i Rb¨ kvw¯Í (Punishment for Violation) : cÖwZôv‡bi kÖwgK‡`i g‡a¨ hviv miKvwi AvBb Agvb¨
Ki‡e ev kvwšÍ f½ Ki‡e Zv‡`i Rb¨ kvw¯Íi weavb _vK‡Z n‡e|
8| ms¯‹…wZ ˆZwi (Creation of Culture) : cÖwZôv‡b Ggb ms¯‹…wZ Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e hv mK‡j †g‡b P‡j Ges
cÖwZôv‡bi DbœwZ nq| miKvi‡K G e¨vcv‡i f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e|
9| cÖPvi (Publicity) : ÔcÖPv‡iB cÖmviÕ| Z‡e †m cÖPvi n‡Z n‡e AbyK~j| A_©vr, cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM cÖwZôvi c‡ÿ cÖPvi n‡Z n‡e|
10| kÖg-e¨e¯’vcbv fv‡jv m¤úK© (Good Labour Management Relations) : cÖwZwU cÖwZôv‡b †hb kÖwgK‡`i
mv‡_ e¨e¯’vcbvi fv‡jv m¤úK© eRvq _v‡K miKvi‡K G wel‡q Kov wb‡`©kbv w`‡Z n‡e|
cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq †h, miKvi n‡jv mKj cÖwZôv‡bi AwffveK| myZivs miKvi hw` B”Qv †cvlY K‡i †h, cÖwZwU
cÖwZôv‡b Aek¨B Avjv`v K‡i †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wefvM Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e Ges G Rb¨ hw` ch©vß A_©
eivÏ K‡i, Zv n‡j Lye mn‡RB GwU cÖwZôv Kiv m¤¢e|

g~j¨‡eva Kx Ges †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡`i g‡a¨ g~j¨‡eva _vKvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I
wkÿv_©xi KvR : eZ©gv‡b we`¨gvb ¯Íi m¤ú‡K© wjLyb| cÖwZôv‡b gvbe m¤ú` wefvM ¯’vc‡b kÖwgKms‡Ni
†bZv‡`i f‚wgKv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvKcvZ Kiæb|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-246
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

mvims‡ÿc:
gvby‡li g‡a¨ wKQz ¯’vqx cÖZ¨vkv _v‡K hv fv‡jv e‡j cÖZxqgvb nq, Zv-B g~j¨‡eva| G¸‡jv gvby‡li ˆbwZK gvb
MV‡bi wfwË wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| g~j¨‡eva‡K AšÍwb©wnZ wek^vm e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kiv hvq hv gvby‡li g‡bvfve I
KvR‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i| myZivs GKRb e¨e¯’vc‡Ki g‡a¨ g~j¨‡eva, bxwZ-‰bwZKZv, ixwZbxwZ, Av`k© I wek^vm
_vKv cÖ‡qvRb| Zvi g‡a¨ A½xKvi I cÖwZÁv _vK‡Z n‡e| evsjv‡`‡ki ms¯‹…wZ A‡bK cyi‡bv| GLv‡b
e‡qv‡R¨ô‡`i m¤§vb Kiv nq Ges †QvU‡`i †¯œn Kiv nq| myZivs e¨e¯’vcK‡`i g‡a¨ g~j¨‡ev‡ai ¯Íi D”P
nIqvUvB Avek¨K| KviY, cwievi I mgvR †_‡K g~j¨‡ev‡ai G ms¯‹…wZ G‡m _v‡K| cÖwZôv‡b †KŠkjMZ gvbe
m¤ú` wefvM Pvjy Ki‡Z kÖwgK‡bZv‡`i f‚wgKv AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y|© KviY, Zviv kÖwgK-Kgx©‡`i‡K DØy× Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Zv‡`i‡K AvBbMZ wewa eySv‡Z cv‡i| myZivs kÖwgK‡bZv‡`i‡K mv‡_ wb‡q KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|

mnvqK MÖš’ :
• Michael Armstrong. Strategic Human Resource Management, A Guide to Action, 4th Edition, Kogan
Roge Limited, 2008, USA.
• Tanuja Agarwale, Strategic Human Resource Management, 15th Edition, Oxford University Press,
India -2017.
• Robert L. Mathis, et.al, Human Resource Management, 15th Edition, Cengage Learning, USA, 2017.
• David A. Decenzo and Stephan P. Robbins, Human Resource Management, 3rd Edition, Prentic Hall
of India, 2004.
• Jeffrey A. Mello, Strategic Human Resource Management, 4th Edition, Cengage Learning, 2019,
USA.
• Dr. M. Alaur Rahman, “Strategic Human Resource Management, 2nd Edition, 2012, Dhaka.

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-247
GgweG †cÖvMÖvg wek¦ gbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv

BDwbU DËi g~j¨vqb

1. †`kxq I AvšÍR©vwZK gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbY©q Kiæb|

2. ms¯‹…wZ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? ms¯‹…wZ cwigvc msµvšÍ Hofstede Gi e¨vL¨v Dc¯’vcb Kiæb|
3. wek^ cwigÛ‡j †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi wewfbœ Bmy¨ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
4. cÖwZôv‡bi cwjwm wba©viY I cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î Heeham I Pel mutter cÖ`Ë G¨v‡cÖvP¸‡jv wK?
5. AvšÍR©vwZK gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi PviwU ms¯‹…wZMZ c×wZ Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
6. cÖZ¨vevmb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? †Kv¤úvwb KLb Kgx©‡`i‡K cÖZ¨vevmb K‡i _v‡K?
7. wek^ A_©bxwZ‡Z Pxb I fvi‡Zi f‚wgKv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvKcvZ Kiæb|
8. †KŠkjMZ cQ›` ej‡Z Kx eySvq? GKwU myôz gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv wm‡÷g cÖwZôvi Rb¨ †KŠkjMZ
cQ›`mg~n eY©bv Kiæb|
9. evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qv‡Mi cÖK„wZ Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
10. evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq `ÿZv wba©vi‡Yi Dcv`vbmg~n eY©bv Kiæb|
11. evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mgm¨v eY©bv Kiæb Ges D³ mgm¨v mgvav‡b m¤¢ve¨ cš’v wb‡`©k
Kiæb|
12. evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi mdjZvi Dcvq Kx?
13. evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi cÖ¯vÍ weZ g‡WjwU Dc¯’vcb Kiæb|
14. evsjv‡`‡k †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi D‡Ïk¨ I ¸iæZ¡ Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
15. evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvbmg~‡n †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vc‡Ki `vwqZ¡ I ¸Yvewj eY©bv Kiæb|
16. evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi A`ÿZvi KviYmg~n D‡jøL Kiæb|
17. g~j¨‡eva ej‡Z Kx eySvq? evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvi D”Pch©v‡qi
g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v Kiæb|
18. evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvb¸‡jv wb‡qvwRZ gvbe m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcK‡`i ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡ev‡ai ¯Íi m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvKcvZ
Kiæb|
19. evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvbmg~‡n †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` wefvM ¯’vc‡b kÖwgKms‡Ni †bZv‡`i f‚wgKv Av‡jvPbv
Kiæb|
20. djcÖm~ †KŠkjMZ gvbe m¤ú` wefv‡Mi Rb¨ miKv‡ii f‚wgKv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvKcvZ Kiæb|

BDwbU 13 c„ôv-248