CISD - BANSTONE reframing.

​
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing
(CISD) and Psychological Support What is Fear Management?
-​ Process through which a facilitator ●​ It is recognizing and mastering
helps a group of people work fear rather than eliminating it.​
through their response in a highly
stressful event. Key Techniques:
-​ Requirements: Group members 1.​ Acknowledge the Fear​
experienced same stressful event,
rested and emotionally regulated 2.​ Understand the Root​

●​ Supportive Communication 3.​ Challenge the Narrative​

Skills:​
4.​ Breathe & Ground Yourself​
○​ Active listening, empathy,
and reassurance- effective 5.​ Take Small Actions​
communication help ease
anxiety and build trust in 6.​ Visualize Success​
disaster-stricken
individuals.​ 7.​ Talk it Out​

●​ Assisted Coping Techniques:​ 8.​ Reframe Fear as Fuel​

○​ Includes relaxation ●​ Crisis Intervention:​

strategies, guided
breathing, and peer ○​ Ensure safety, access to
support- coping strategies support systems, and
to manage stress and professional help.​
promote emotional
stability.​
Public Health Interventions
●​ Stress Reactions:​ ●​ Community Health Assessments:​

○​ Identifying acute stress ○​ Identifies at-risk

symptoms: anxiety, populations post-disaster
emotional distress, and via data and risk analysis.​
confusion.​
●​ Disease Prevention Strategies:​
○​ PTSD risk assessment is
also emphasized.​ ○​ Include vaccinations,
sanitation, and vector
Psychological First Aid (PFA) control.​
●​ Role of the Psychological First
Aider:​ ●​ Long-Term Recovery Planning:​

○​ Provide emotional support, ○​ Address mental health,

ensure safety, promote rebuild infrastructure, and
calm, and help regain train workforce.​
control.​

●​ Fear Management Strategies:​ Conclusion (Disaster Response)

●​ Nurses play critical roles in
○​ Use grounding, physical and psychological
mindfulness, breathing recovery.​
exercises, and cognitive
 ●​ Integrative strategies aid orders.​
long-term community resilience.​
●​ Earthquake:​
●​ Emphasis on training,
collaboration, and policy ○​ Follow PHIVOLCS scale​
development.​
○​ Guidelines before, during,
and after earthquakes.​
Guidelines in Disaster and Emergency
Situations
A. Mental Health and Psychosocial Disaster Management and Risk
Support (MHPSS) Reduction: Philippine Laws
●​ Common Issues:​ A. Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Act of 2010 (RA 10121)
○​ Acute stress, PTSD, ●​ Shifts focus to preparedness.​
depression, grief.​
●​ Establishes NDRRMC and
●​ Guidelines:​ LDRRMOs.​

○​ Early identification, ●​ Community participation and 5%

Psychological First Aid, LDRRMF funding required.​
community support,
referrals, and responder B. Risk Reduction Equipment
care.​ Protection Act (RA 10344)
●​ Penalizes tampering with disaster
B. Infant and Young Child Feeding equipment.​
●​ Promote breastfeeding, avoid
formula, support mothers, ensure C. Children’s Emergency Relief and
food safety, and implement Protection Act (RA 10821)
feeding programs.​ ●​ Ensures child protection,
education, and psychosocial
C. PAGASA Rainfall Warning System support during disasters.​
●​ Warning Levels:​
D. Philippine Environmental Laws
○​ Yellow (7.5–15mm): Be alert​ 1.​ Philippine Clean Air Act (RA
8749): Regulates emissions.​
○​ Orange (15–30mm): Prepare
for flooding​ 2.​ Tobacco Regulation Act (RA
9211): Reduces respiratory
○​ Red (30mm+): Evacuate vulnerability.​
immediately​
3.​ Toxic Substances Act (RA 6969):
●​ Community Guidelines:​ Manages hazardous waste.​

○​ Monitor weather, prepare 4.​ Solid Waste Management Act (RA

evacuation routes and 9003): Promotes recycling and
emergency kits.​ segregation.​

D. Flood and Earthquake Warning 5.​ Wildlife Conservation Act (RA

Systems 9147): Protects biodiversity.​
●​ Flood:​
6.​ Protected Areas System Act (RA
○​ Flash vs. riverine, monitor 7586): Conserves critical
levels, heed evacuation ecosystems.
Disaster and Risk Management Plan ●​ Focuses on immediate relief such
Review as safety, medical aid, and
restoring normalcy.
The Disaster and Risk Management Plan ●​ Vulnerable Groups:
(DRMP) is a structured strategy aimed at ○​ Children, Elderly,
mitigating, preparing for, responding to, Pregnant Women,
and recovering from disasters. Its goal is Disabled Individuals,
to minimize loss of life, injuries, and Low-Income Families are
damage to property. The plan involves at higher risk and require
multiple layers of coordinated efforts led specialized care, such as
by specialized teams. safe shelters, medical
support, and accessible
1. Incident Response Team (IRT) evacuation routes.
●​ Health Hazard Report: Identifies
●​ The IRT consists of professionals risks like water contamination,
trained to manage disaster vector-borne diseases, respiratory
response efficiently. The team issues, food safety, and mental
operates at three levels: health crises.
○​ National IRT: Oversees
large-scale disasters. 3. Casualty Report
○​ Regional IRT: Coordinates
state/provincial level ●​ Provides detailed data on injuries,
responses. fatalities, missing persons, and
○​ Local IRT: Manages evacuated individuals for better
community-level disasters. resource allocation and response.
●​ Key Roles:
○​ Incident Commander (IC): 4. Disaster Recovery Activities
Oversees disaster response
and decision-making. ●​ Focuses on long-term recovery,
○​ Operations Chief: especially for displaced families,
Coordinates response rural populations, and indigenous
efforts. communities.
○​ Logistics Coordinator: ●​ Special Strategies:
Manages resources. ○​ Inter-regional coordination
○​ Medical Officer: Provides for aid distribution.
healthcare services. ○​ Mobile health clinics for
○​ Public Information Officer remote areas.
(PIO): Communicates ○​ Specialized teams for
updates to the public. vulnerable populations.
○​ Safety Officer: Ensures
safety of responders and 5. Outbreak Surveillance Report
affected people.
○​ Liaison Officer: ●​ Monitors post-disaster disease
Coordinates with external outbreaks (e.g., cholera, malaria,
organizations. influenza) due to poor sanitation,
overcrowding, and limited
2. Disaster Management Response healthcare.
 ●​ Containment Measures: Includes ●​ Example: Stabilizes and refers
vaccination, clean water earthquake victims for treatment
distribution, and isolation of
infected individuals. C. Triage Officer​
Sorts patients by urgency.
6. Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Team Report ●​ Uses color codes for severity
●​ Allocates resources effectively
●​ Evaluates the disaster response's ●​ Maintains triage flow
effectiveness and recommends ●​ Example: Prioritizes critical
improvements such as enhanced patients after a landslide
preparedness measures,
inter-agency coordination, and D. Public Information Officer (PIO)​
communication systems. Manages public communication.

Conclusion ●​ Gives updates and safety info

●​ Handles media and press releases
The DRMP ensures a systematic, ●​ Counters misinformation
well-coordinated response to disasters, ●​ Example: Communicates health
addressing health risks, casualties, and protocols in outbreaks
recovery efforts to build resilience. By
focusing on vulnerable groups and E. NDRRM Councils (National/Local)​
improving response strategies, Oversees disaster planning and response.
communities can better recover and
●​ Crafts DRRM policies
prepare for future crises.
●​ Leads preparedness efforts
●​ Mobilizes resources and operations
●​ Example: Organizes evacuations
Personnel Roles in Disaster before volcanic eruptions
Preparedness and Response
F. Philippine National Red Cross (PNRC)​
A. Incident Commander​ Provides humanitarian aid.
Leads overall disaster operations.
●​ Conducts rescue, first aid, and
●​ Develops Incident Action Plan relief
(IAP) ●​ Offers psychosocial and health
●​ Coordinates all response efforts services
●​ Ensures safety and communication ●​ Supports shelter and recovery
●​ Example: Oversees evacuation and ●​ Example: Sets up clinics during
rescue during a typhoon typhoons

B. Medical Command Physician​ G. Health Personnel (National/Local)​

Leads medical care during disasters. Delivers frontline health services.

●​ Supervises triage and treatment ●​ Treats patients and monitors

●​ Coordinates with hospitals diseases
●​ Manages medical supplies and ●​ Promotes sanitation and hygiene
advises on health risks ●​ Supports vaccination and maternal
care
 ●​ Example: Runs mobile clinics
post-disaster

H. DSWD​
Leads social welfare and aid.

●​ Manages shelters and relief

distribution
●​ Aids vulnerable groups
●​ Implements rehabilitation
programs
●​ Example: Gives food and shelter
aid after floods

I. Civil Society Organizations (CSOs)​

Supports services and advocacy.

●​ Delivers aid and conducts training

●​ Monitors accountability
●​ Promotes policy and preparedness
●​ Example: Trains schools in
emergency drills

J. Community Volunteers​
Offers local manpower and support.

●​ Assists in logistics and information

sharing
●​ Helps in relief distribution
●​ Provides immediate community
response
●​ Example: Aids in evacuation and
cleanup efforts